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pythonbasic5.html
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"><title>Python基础语法（五）流程控制——循环语句 | BEIDAO.</title><meta name="keywords" content="Python语法"><meta name="author" content="Beidaos"><meta name="copyright" content="Beidaos"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#C6B3B1"><meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-touch-fullscreen" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Python基础语法（五）流程控制——循环语句"><meta name="application-name" content="Python基础语法（五）流程控制——循环语句"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="default"><link rel="bookmark" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="192x192" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="512x512" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1136x640.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_640x1136.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2688x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1792x828.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1125x2436.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_828x1792.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2436x1125.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1242x2208.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2208x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1334x750.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_750x1334.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:1024px) and (device-height:1366px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2732x2048.png"><meta name="description" content="目标 了解循环 while语法【重点】 while应用 break和continue while循环嵌套【重点】 while循环嵌套应用【难点】 for循环 循环语句 循环简介 循环的作用 思考：假如我有个女朋友，有一天我们闹矛盾生气了，女朋友说：道歉，说100遍“媳妇儿，我错了”。这个时候程序员会怎么做？ 答：100遍print('媳妇儿，我错了') 思考：复制粘贴100次吗？ 答：重">
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<meta property="og:description" content="目标 了解循环 while语法【重点】 while应用 break和continue while循环嵌套【重点】 while循环嵌套应用【难点】 for循环 循环语句 循环简介 循环的作用 思考：假如我有个女朋友，有一天我们闹矛盾生气了，女朋友说：道歉，说100遍“媳妇儿，我错了”。这个时候程序员会怎么做？ 答：100遍print('媳妇儿，我错了') 思考：复制粘贴100次吗？ 答：重">
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class="site-page" href="javascript:void(0);" rel="external nofollow noreferrer"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-bars"></i></a></div></div></nav><div id="post-info"><div id="post-firstinfo"><div class="meta-firstline"><a class="post-meta-original">原创</a><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-inbox post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="categories/Python%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95/">Python语法</a></span><span class="article-meta tags"><a class="article-meta__tags" href="tags/Python%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95/"><span><i class="iconfont icon-Tags"></i>Python语法</span></a></span></div></div><h1 class="post-title">Python基础语法（五）流程控制——循环语句</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><i class="iconfont icon-zuozhe"></i><span class="post-meta-author">安志</span><span class="post-meta-date"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-calendar-days post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2023-05-13T01:25:17.000Z" title="发表于 2023-05-13 09:25:17">2023-05-13</time><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-history post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2024-03-01T06:59:18.349Z" title="更新于 2024-03-01 14:59:18">2024-03-01</time></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-file-word post-meta-icon" title="文章字数"></i><span class="post-meta-label" title="文章字数">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count" title="文章字数">2.9k</span><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-clock post-meta-icon" title="阅读时长"></i><span class="post-meta-label" title="阅读时长">阅读时长:</span><span>10分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><span class="post-meta-position" title="作者IP属地为北京"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-location-dot"></i>北京</span></div></div></div><section class="main-hero-waves-area waves-area"><svg class="waves-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 24 150 28" preserveAspectRatio="none" shape-rendering="auto"><defs><path id="gentle-wave" d="M -160 44 c 30 0 58 -18 88 -18 s 58 18 88 18 s 58 -18 88 -18 s 58 18 88 18 v 44 h -352 Z"></path></defs><g class="parallax"><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="0"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="3"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="5"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="7"></use></g></svg></section><div id="post-top-cover"><img class="nolazyload" id="post-top-bg" src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@main/博客站点配图/python-logo.6puefdh4wtk0.png"></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="目标">目标</h1>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">了解循环</li>
<li class="lvl-2">while语法【重点】</li>
<li class="lvl-2">while应用</li>
<li class="lvl-2">break和continue</li>
<li class="lvl-2">while循环嵌套【重点】</li>
<li class="lvl-2">while循环嵌套应用【难点】</li>
<li class="lvl-2">for循环</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="循环语句">循环语句</h1>
<h2 id="循环简介">循环简介</h2>
<h3 id="循环的作用">循环的作用</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>思考：假如我有个女朋友，有一天我们闹矛盾生气了，女朋友说：道歉，说100遍“媳妇儿，我错了”。这个时候程序员会怎么做？</p>
<p>答：100遍<code>print('媳妇儿，我错了')</code></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>思考：复制粘贴100次吗？</p>
<p>答：重复执行100次一样的代码，程序中循环即可</p>
</blockquote>
<p>循环的作用：让代码更高效的重复执行。</p>
<h3 id="循环的分类">循环的分类</h3>
<p>在Python中，循环分为<code>while</code>和<code>for</code>两种，最终实现效果相同。</p>
<h2 id="while的语法">while的语法</h2>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件成立重复执行的代码<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> 条件成立重复执行的代码<span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行流程图：</p>
<div align='center'>
<img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src='https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/886A6E10-58F1-4A9B-8640-02DBEFF0EF9A.jpg' width=450px style="zoom:78%;">
<p style='text-align:center;font-size:15px;font-family:kaiti;color:red'><b>while循环语句执行流程图</b></p>
</div>
<p><mark>需要注意冒号和缩进。另外，在 Python 中没有 do…while 循环。</mark></p>
<h3 id="示例">示例</h3>
<p>需求：复现重复执行100次<code>print('媳妇儿，我错了')</code>（输出更简洁一些，我们这里设置5次）。</p>
<p>分析：初始值是0次，终点是5次，重复做的事情输出“媳妇儿， 我错了”。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 循环的计数器</span></span><br><span class="line">i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i < <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿，我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'任务结束'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="while的应用">while的应用</h2>
<h3 id="应用一：计算1-100累加和">应用一：计算1-100累加和</h3>
<p>分析：1-100的累加和，即1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +….，即前两个数字的相加结果 + 下一个数字( 前一个数字 + 1)。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">result = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">100</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> result += i</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 输出5050</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>注意：为了验证程序的准确性，可以先改小数值，验证结果正确后，再改成1-100做累加。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="应用二：计算1-100偶数累加和">应用二：计算1-100偶数累加和</h3>
<p>分析：1-100的偶数和，即 2 + 4 + 6 + 8…，得到偶数的方法如下：</p>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>偶数即是和2取余结果为0的数字，可以加入条件语句判断是否为偶数，为偶数则累加</p>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>初始值为0 / 2 , 计数器每次累加2</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="方法一（推荐）：条件判断和2取余数则累加">方法一（推荐）：条件判断和2取余数则累加</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 方法一：条件判断和2取余数为0则累加计算</span></span><br><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">result = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">100</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i % <span class="number">2</span> == <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> result += i</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 输出2550</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="方法二：计数器控制">方法二：计数器控制</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 方法二：计数器控制增量为2</span></span><br><span class="line">i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">result = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">100</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> result += i</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 输出2550</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="break和continue">break和continue</h2>
<p>break和continue是循环中满足一定条件退出循环的两种不同方式。</p>
<h3 id="理解">理解</h3>
<p>举例：一共吃5个苹果，吃完第一个，吃第二个…，这里"吃苹果"的动作是不是重复执行？</p>
<p>情况一：如果吃的过程中，吃完第三个吃饱了，则不需要再吃第4个和第五个苹果，即是吃苹果的动作停止，这里就是break控制循环流程，即<mark>终止此循环</mark>。</p>
<p>情况二：如果吃的过程中，吃到第三个吃出一个大虫子…,是不是这个苹果就不吃了，开始吃第四个苹果，这里就是continue控制循环流程，即<mark>退出当前一次循环继而执行下一次循环代码</mark>。</p>
<h4 id="情况一：break">情况一：break</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="number">4</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">f'吃饱了不吃了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">f'吃了第<span class="subst">{i}</span>个苹果'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131806948.png" alt="image-20190124114340900" style="zoom:50%;" />
<h4 id="情况二：continue">情况二：continue</h4>
<p><mark>遇到continue会跳出本次循环中continue后面的代码，而进入下一次循环入口判断。</mark></p>
<p><strong>在continue之前一定要修改计数器，否则会陷入死循环</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="number">3</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">f'大虫子，第<span class="subst">{i}</span>个不吃了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 在continue之前一定要修改计数器，否则会陷入死循环</span></span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">continue</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">f'吃了第<span class="subst">{i}</span>个苹果'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807181.png" alt="image-20190124114514775"></p>
<h2 id="while循环嵌套">while循环嵌套</h2>
<h3 id="应用场景">应用场景</h3>
<p>故事梗概：有天女朋友又生气了，惩罚：说3遍“媳妇儿， 我错了”，这个程序是不是循环即可？但如果女朋友说：还要刷今天晚饭的碗，这个程序怎么书写？</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿， 我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'刷晚饭的碗'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>但如果女朋友还是生气，把这套惩罚要连续3天都执行，有如何书写程序？</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> 条件:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿， 我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'刷晚饭的碗'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="语法">语法</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件<span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件<span class="number">1</span>成立执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> 条件<span class="number">2</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件<span class="number">2</span>成立执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>总结：所谓while循环嵌套，就是一个while里面嵌套一个while的写法，每个while和之前的基础语法是相同的。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="示例：复现场景">示例：复现场景</h3>
<h4 id="代码">代码</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">j = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> j < <span class="number">3</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> i < <span class="number">3</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿，我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'刷晚饭的碗'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'一套惩罚结束----------------'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> j += <span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="执行结果">执行结果</h4>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807182.png" alt="image-20190104161506542"></p>
<h4 id="理解执行流程">理解执行流程</h4>
<p>当内部循环执行完成之后，再执行下一次外部循环的条件判断。</p>
<div align='center'>
<img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src='https://cdn.staticaly.com/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807183.png' style="zoom:88%;width=1450px;">
<p style='text-align:center;font-size:15px;font-family:kaiti;color:red'><b>while循环嵌套执行流程图</b></p>
</div>
<h2 id="while循环嵌套应用">while循环嵌套应用</h2>
<h3 id="应用一：打印星号-正方形">应用一：打印星号(正方形)</h3>
<h4 id="需求">需求</h4>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">*****</span><br><span class="line">*****</span><br><span class="line">*****</span><br><span class="line">*****</span><br><span class="line">*****</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="代码-2">代码</h4>
<p>分析：一行输出5个星号，重复打印5行</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 重复打印5行星星</span></span><br><span class="line">j = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> j <= <span class="number">4</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 一行星星的打印</span></span><br><span class="line"> i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">4</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 一行内的星星不能换行，取消print默认结束符\n</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'*'</span>, end=<span class="string">''</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 每行结束要换行，这里借助一个空的print，利用print默认结束符换行</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> j += <span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="应用二：打印星号-三角形">应用二：打印星号(三角形)</h3>
<h4 id="需求-2">需求</h4>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">*</span><br><span class="line">**</span><br><span class="line">***</span><br><span class="line">****</span><br><span class="line">*****</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="代码-3">代码</h4>
<p>分析：<mark>一行输出星星的个数和行号是相等的</mark>，每行：重复打印行号数字个星号，将打印行星号的命令重复执行5次实现打印5行。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 重复打印5行星星</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># j表示行号</span></span><br><span class="line">j = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> j <= <span class="number">4</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 一行星星的打印</span></span><br><span class="line"> i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># i表示每行里面星星的个数，这个数字要和行号相等所以i要和j联动</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> i <= j:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'*'</span>, end=<span class="string">''</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> j += <span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="九九乘法表">九九乘法表</h3>
<h4 id="执行结果-2">执行结果</h4>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807184.png" alt="image-20190104163553616"></p>
<h4 id="代码-4">代码</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">9</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> j = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> j <= i:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'%d*%d=%-2d'</span> % (i, j, i*j), end=<span class="string">'\t'</span>) <span class="comment"># 使输出的值右对齐 '%d * %d =%-2d'===> % (i, j, i*j),</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print(f'{i}*{j}={i*j}', end='\t')</span></span><br><span class="line"> j += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="for循环">for循环</h2>
<h3 id="语法-2">语法</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> 临时变量 <span class="keyword">in</span> 序列:</span><br><span class="line"> 重复执行的代码<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> 重复执行的代码<span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><mark>序列有：字符串 列表 元组 集合等</mark></p>
<div align='center'>
<img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src='https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/A71EC47E-BC53-4923-8F88-B027937EE2FF.jpg' width=450px style="zoom:78%;">
<p style='text-align:center;font-size:15px;font-family:kaiti;color:red'><b>for循环语句执行流程图</b></p>
</div>
<h3 id="示例-2">示例</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">str1 = <span class="string">'itheima'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> str1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807186.png" alt="image-20190104164152311"></p>
<h3 id="break">break</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">str1 = <span class="string">'itheima'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> str1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 当某些条件成立 退出循环 -- break: 条件 i取到字符e</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="string">'e'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'遇到e不打印'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807187.png" alt="image-20190104165242555"></p>
<h3 id="continue">continue</h3>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">str1 = <span class="string">'itheima'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> str1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 当某些条件成立 退出当前循环，进入下一次循环 -- continue: 条件 i取到字符e</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="string">'e'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'遇到e不打印'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">continue</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807188.png" alt="image-20190104165413160"></p>
<h2 id="else">else</h2>
<p>循环可以和else配合使用，else下方缩进的代码指的是<mark>当循环正常结束之后要执行的代码</mark>。</p>
<h3 id="while…else">while…else</h3>
<p>需求：女朋友生气了，要惩罚：连续说5遍“媳妇儿，我错了”，如果道歉正常完毕女朋友就原谅我了，这个程序怎么写？</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿，我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿原谅我了...'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>思考： 这个print是不是没有循环也能执行？</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="语法-3">语法</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件成立重复执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 循环正常结束之后要执行的代码</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="示例-3">示例</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿，我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇原谅我了，真开心，哈哈哈哈'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807189.png" alt="image-20190125111816497"></p>
<h4 id="退出循环的方式">退出循环的方式</h4>
<p>需求：女朋友生气，要求道歉5遍：媳妇儿，我错了。道歉到第三遍的时候，媳妇埋怨这一遍说的不真诚，是不是就是要退出循环了？这个退出有两种可能性：</p>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>更生气，不打算原谅，也不需要道歉了，程序如何书写？</p>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>只一遍不真诚，可以忍受，继续下一遍道歉，程序如何书写？</p>
</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li class="lvl-3">
<p>break</p>
</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="number">3</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'这遍说的不真诚'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿，我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇原谅我了，真开心，哈哈哈哈'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807190.png" alt="image-20190125111952693"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>所谓else指的是循环正常结束之后要执行的代码，即<mark>如果是break终止循环的情况，else下方缩进的代码将不执行。</mark></p>
</blockquote>
<ol start="2">
<li class="lvl-3">
<p>continue</p>
</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">i = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i <= <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="number">3</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'这遍说的不真诚'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span> <span class="comment"># 加入计数器 否则会陷入死循环</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">continue</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇儿，我错了'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'媳妇原谅我了，真开心，哈哈哈哈'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807191.png" alt="image-20190125112111170"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>因为continue是退出当前一次循环，继续下一次循环，所以<mark>该循环在continue控制下是可以正常结束的，当循环结束后，则执行了else缩进的代码。</mark></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="for…else">for…else</h3>
<h4 id="语法-4">语法</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> 临时变量 <span class="keyword">in</span> 序列:</span><br><span class="line"> 重复执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"> ...</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 循环正常结束之后要执行的代码</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>所谓else指的是循环正常结束之后要执行的代码，即如果是break终止循环的情况，else下方缩进的代码将不执行。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="示例-4">示例</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">str1 = <span class="string">'itheima'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> str1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'循环正常结束之后执行的代码'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="退出循环的方式-2">退出循环的方式</h4>
<ol>
<li class="lvl-3">
<p>break终止循环</p>
</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">str1 = <span class="string">'itheima'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> str1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="string">'e'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'遇到e不打印'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'循环正常结束之后执行的代码'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807192.png" alt="image-20190104165551501"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>没有执行else缩进的代码。</p>
</blockquote>
<ol start="2">
<li class="lvl-3">
<p>continue控制循环</p>
</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">str1 = <span class="string">'itheima'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> str1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i == <span class="string">'e'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'遇到e不打印'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">continue</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'循环正常结束之后执行的代码'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行结果：</p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305131807193.png" alt="image-20190104165714740"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>因为continue是退出当前一次循环，继续下一次循环，所以该循环在continue控制下是可以正常结束的，当循环结束后，则执行了else缩进的代码。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="break-和-continue-语句">break 和 continue 语句</h2>
<p><strong>break 执行流程图：</strong></p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/E5A591EF-6515-4BCB-AEAA-A97ABEFC5D7D.jpg" alt="img"></p>
<p><strong>continue 执行流程图：</strong></p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/8962A4F1-B78C-4877-B328-903366EA1470.jpg" alt="img"></p>
<p><strong>while 语句代码执行过程：</strong></p>
<img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://static.runoob.com/images/mix/python-while.webp" alt="img" style="zoom: 43%;" />
<p><strong>for 语句代码执行过程：</strong></p>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/break-continue-536.png" alt="img"></p>
<p><strong>break</strong> 语句可以跳出 for 和 while 的循环体。如果你从 for 或 while 循环中终止，任何对应的循环 else 块将不执行。</p>
<p><strong>continue</strong> 语句被用来告诉 Python 跳过当前循环块中的剩余语句，然后继续进行下一轮循环。</p>
<h1 id="总结">总结</h1>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>循环的作用：控制代码重复执行</p>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>while语法</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件成立重复执行的代码<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> 条件成立重复执行的代码<span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>while循环嵌套语法</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> 条件<span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件<span class="number">1</span>成立执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> 条件<span class="number">2</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> 条件<span class="number">2</span>成立执行的代码</span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>for循环语法</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> 临时变量 <span class="keyword">in</span> 序列:</span><br><span class="line"> 重复执行的代码<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> 重复执行的代码<span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>break退出整个循环</p>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>continue退出本次循环，继续执行下一次重复执行的代码</p>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>else</p>
<ul class="lvl-2">
<li class="lvl-4">while和for都可以配合else使用</li>
<li class="lvl-4">else下方缩进的代码含义：当循环正常结束后执行的代码</li>
<li class="lvl-4">break终止循环不会执行else下方缩进的代码</li>
<li class="lvl-4">continue退出循环的方式执行else下方缩进的代码</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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class="toc-text">目标</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%8F%A5"><span class="toc-text">循环语句</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B"><span class="toc-text">循环简介</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">循环的作用</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-text">循环的分类</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#while%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-text">while的语法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-text">示例</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#while%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">while的应用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%9A%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%971-100%E7%B4%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%92%8C"><span class="toc-text">应用一：计算1-100累加和</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%9A%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%971-100%E5%81%B6%E6%95%B0%E7%B4%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%92%8C"><span class="toc-text">应用二：计算1-100偶数累加和</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%88%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%9A%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%A4%E6%96%AD%E5%92%8C2%E5%8F%96%E4%BD%99%E6%95%B0%E5%88%99%E7%B4%AF%E5%8A%A0"><span class="toc-text">方法一（推荐）：条件判断和2取余数则累加</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%9A%E8%AE%A1%E6%95%B0%E5%99%A8%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6"><span class="toc-text">方法二：计数器控制</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#break%E5%92%8Ccontinue"><span class="toc-text">break和continue</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3"><span class="toc-text">理解</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%9Abreak"><span class="toc-text">情况一：break</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%9Acontinue"><span class="toc-text">情况二：continue</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#while%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E5%B5%8C%E5%A5%97"><span class="toc-text">while循环嵌套</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%9C%BA%E6%99%AF"><span class="toc-text">应用场景</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-text">语法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B%EF%BC%9A%E5%A4%8D%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%BA%E6%99%AF"><span class="toc-text">示例：复现场景</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81"><span class="toc-text">代码</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%9C"><span class="toc-text">执行结果</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B"><span class="toc-text">理解执行流程</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#while%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E5%B5%8C%E5%A5%97%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">while循环嵌套应用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%9A%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0%E6%98%9F%E5%8F%B7-%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%B9%E5%BD%A2"><span class="toc-text">应用一：打印星号(正方形)</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82"><span class="toc-text">需求</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81-2"><span class="toc-text">代码</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%9A%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0%E6%98%9F%E5%8F%B7-%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%E5%BD%A2"><span class="toc-text">应用二：打印星号(三角形)</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82-2"><span class="toc-text">需求</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81-3"><span class="toc-text">代码</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B9%9D%E4%B9%9D%E4%B9%98%E6%B3%95%E8%A1%A8"><span class="toc-text">九九乘法表</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%9C-2"><span class="toc-text">执行结果</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81-4"><span class="toc-text">代码</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#for%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF"><span class="toc-text">for循环</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95-2"><span class="toc-text">语法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B-2"><span class="toc-text">示例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#break"><span class="toc-text">break</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#continue"><span class="toc-text">continue</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#else"><span class="toc-text">else</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#while%E2%80%A6else"><span class="toc-text">while…else</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95-3"><span class="toc-text">语法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B-3"><span class="toc-text">示例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-text">退出循环的方式</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#for%E2%80%A6else"><span class="toc-text">for…else</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95-4"><span class="toc-text">语法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B-4"><span class="toc-text">示例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F-2"><span class="toc-text">退出循环的方式</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#break-%E5%92%8C-continue-%E8%AF%AD%E5%8F%A5"><span class="toc-text">break 和 continue 语句</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93"><span class="toc-text">总结</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="" 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const newestCommentInit = () => {
if (document.querySelector('#card-newest-comments .aside-list')) {
const data = saveToLocal.get('twikoo-newest-comments')
if (data) {
generateHtml(JSON.parse(data))
} else {
getComment()
}
}
}
newestCommentInit()
document.addEventListener('pjax:complete', newestCommentInit)
})</script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/bubble/bubble.js"></script><script data-pjax="true">if (document.querySelector(".comment-barrage")){
var commentBarrageConfig = {
maxBarrage: 1,
barrageTime: 4000,
twikooUrl: "https://twikoo.beidaoaz.top/",
accessToken: "",
pageUrl: window.location.pathname,
barrageTimer: [],
barrageList: [],
barrageIndex: 0,
dom: document.querySelector(".comment-barrage"),
};
var commentInterval = null;
var hoverOnCommentBarrage = false;
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").addEventListener("mouseenter", function() {
hoverOnCommentBarrage = true;
console.log("热评悬浮");
});
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").addEventListener("mouseleave", function() {
hoverOnCommentBarrage = false;
console.log("停止悬浮");
});
function initCommentBarrage() {
if (!commentBarrageConfig.dom) return;
var data = JSON.stringify({
event: "COMMENT_GET",
"commentBarrageConfig.accessToken": commentBarrageConfig.accessToken,
url: commentBarrageConfig.pageUrl,
});
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.withCredentials = true;
xhr.addEventListener("readystatechange", function () {
if (this.readyState === 4 && this.responseText) {
commentBarrageConfig.barrageList = commentLinkFilter(JSON.parse(this.responseText).data);
commentBarrageConfig.dom.innerHTML = "";
}
});
xhr.open("POST", commentBarrageConfig.twikooUrl);
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
xhr.send(data);
clearInterval(commentInterval);
commentInterval = null;
commentInterval = setInterval(() => {
if (commentBarrageConfig.barrageList.length && !hoverOnCommentBarrage) {
popCommentBarrage(commentBarrageConfig.barrageList[commentBarrageConfig.barrageIndex]);
commentBarrageConfig.barrageIndex += 1;
commentBarrageConfig.barrageIndex %= commentBarrageConfig.barrageList.length;
}
if (
commentBarrageConfig.barrageTimer.length >
(commentBarrageConfig.barrageList.length > commentBarrageConfig.maxBarrage
? commentBarrageConfig.maxBarrage
: commentBarrageConfig.barrageList.length) &&
!hoverOnCommentBarrage
) {
removeCommentBarrage(commentBarrageConfig.barrageTimer.shift());
}
}, commentBarrageConfig.barrageTime);
}
function commentLinkFilter(data) {
data.sort((a, b) => {
return a.created - b.created;
});
let newData = [];
data.forEach(item => {
newData.push(...getCommentReplies(item));
});
return newData;
}
function getCommentReplies(item) {
if (item.replies) {
let replies = [item];
item.replies.forEach(item => {
replies.push(...getCommentReplies(item));
});
return replies;
} else {
return [];
}
}
function popCommentBarrage(data) {
let barrage = document.createElement("div");
barrage.className = "comment-barrage-item";
barrage.innerHTML = `
<div class="barrageHead">
<a class="barrageTitle ${
data.mailMd5 === "d338f432ad0bf2f61e5fe4ad1642725d" ? "barrageBloggerTitle" : ""
}" href="javascript:anzhiyu.scrollTo('#post-comment')"">
${data.mailMd5 === "d338f432ad0bf2f61e5fe4ad1642725d" ? "博主" : "热评"}
</a>
<div class="barrageNick">${data.nick}</div>
<img class="nolazyload barrageAvatar" src="https://cravatar.cn/avatar/${data.mailMd5}"/>
<a class="comment-barrage-close" href="javascript:anzhiyu.switchCommentBarrage()" rel="external nofollow noreferrer"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-xmark"></i></a>
</div>
<a class="barrageContent" href="#${data.id}">
<object>${data.comment}</object>
</a>
`;
commentBarrageConfig.barrageTimer.push(barrage);
commentBarrageConfig.dom.append(barrage);
}
function removeCommentBarrage(barrage) {
barrage.className = "comment-barrage-item out";
setTimeout(() => {
if (commentBarrageConfig.dom && commentBarrageConfig.dom.contains(barrage)) {
commentBarrageConfig.dom.removeChild(barrage);
}
}, 1000);
}
// 自动隐藏
const commentEntryCallback = (entries) => {
const commentBarrage = document.querySelector(".comment-barrage");
const postComment = document.getElementById("post-comment");
entries.forEach(entry => {
if (postComment && commentBarrage && document.body.clientWidth > 768) {
commentBarrage.style.bottom = entry.isIntersecting ? "-200px" : "0";
}
});
};
// 创建IntersectionObserver实例
const observer = new IntersectionObserver(commentEntryCallback, {
root: null,
rootMargin: "0px",
threshold: 0
});
// 监视目标元素
const postCommentTarget = document.getElementById("post-comment");
if (postCommentTarget) {
observer.observe(postCommentTarget);
}
initCommentBarrage();
if (localStorage.getItem("commentBarrageSwitch") !== "false") {
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").style.display = "flex";
document.querySelector(".menu-commentBarrage-text").textContent = "关闭热评";
} else {
document.querySelector(".comment-barrage").style.display = "none";
document.querySelector(".menu-commentBarrage-text").textContent = "显示热评";
}
document.addEventListener("pjax:send", function () {
clearInterval(commentInterval);
});
}</script><script data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/catalog-bar/catalog-bar.js"></script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/categoryBar/categoryBar.js"></script><script async data-pjax src="https://npm.elemecdn.com/[email protected]/waterfall/waterfall.js"></script><script src="https://lf3-cdn-tos.bytecdntp.com/cdn/expire-1-M/qrcodejs/1.0.0/qrcode.min.js"></script><script>// 初始化函数
let rm = {};
//禁止图片拖拽
let imgElements = document.getElementsByTagName("img");
for (let i = 0; i < imgElements.length; i++) {
imgElements[i].addEventListener("dragstart", function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
});
}
// 显示菜单
rm.showRightMenu = function (isTrue, x = 0, y = 0) {
console.info(x, y)
let rightMenu = document.getElementById("rightMenu");
rightMenu.style.top = x + "px";
rightMenu.style.left = y + "px";
if (isTrue) {
rightMenu.style.display = "block";
stopMaskScroll();
} else {
rightMenu.style.display = "none";
}
};
// 隐藏菜单
rm.hideRightMenu = function () {
rm.showRightMenu(false);
let rightMenuMask = document.querySelector("#rightmenu-mask");
rightMenuMask.style.display = "none";
};
// 尺寸
let rmWidth = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetWidth;
let rmHeight = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetHeight;
// 重新定义尺寸
rm.reloadrmSize = function () {
rightMenu.style.visibility = "hidden";
rightMenu.style.display = "block";
// 获取宽度和高度
rmWidth = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetWidth;
rmHeight = document.getElementById("rightMenu").offsetHeight;
rightMenu.style.visibility = "visible";
};
// 获取点击的href
let domhref = "";
let domImgSrc = "";
let globalEvent = null;
var oncontextmenuFunction = function (event) {
if (document.body.clientWidth > 768) {
let pageX = event.clientX + 10; //加10是为了防止显示时鼠标遮在菜单上
let pageY = event.clientY;
//其他额外菜单
const $rightMenuOther = document.querySelector(".rightMenuOther");
const $rightMenuPlugin = document.querySelector(".rightMenuPlugin");
const $rightMenuCopyText = document.querySelector("#menu-copytext");
const $rightMenuPasteText = document.querySelector("#menu-pastetext");
const $rightMenuCommentText = document.querySelector("#menu-commenttext");
const $rightMenuNewWindow = document.querySelector("#menu-newwindow");
const $rightMenuNewWindowImg = document.querySelector("#menu-newwindowimg");
const $rightMenuCopyLink = document.querySelector("#menu-copylink");
const $rightMenuCopyImg = document.querySelector("#menu-copyimg");
const $rightMenuDownloadImg = document.querySelector("#menu-downloadimg");
const $rightMenuSearch = document.querySelector("#menu-search");
const $rightMenuSearchBaidu = document.querySelector("#menu-searchBaidu");
const $rightMenuMusicToggle = document.querySelector("#menu-music-toggle");
const $rightMenuMusicBack = document.querySelector("#menu-music-back");
const $rightMenuMusicForward = document.querySelector("#menu-music-forward");