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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"><title>Python基础语法（九）数据序列——集合 | BEIDAO.</title><meta name="keywords" content="Python语法"><meta name="author" content="Beidaos"><meta name="copyright" content="Beidaos"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#C6B3B1"><meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-touch-fullscreen" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Python基础语法（九）数据序列——集合"><meta name="application-name" content="Python基础语法（九）数据序列——集合"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="default"><link rel="bookmark" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="192x192" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="512x512" href="/img/siteicon/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1136x640.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:320px) and (device-height:568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_640x1136.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2688x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1792x828.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1125x2436.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:896px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_828x1792.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2436x1125.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1242x2208.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2208x1242.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_1334x750.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:portrait)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_750x1334.png"><link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="screen and (device-width:1024px) and (device-height:1366px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2) and (orientation:landscape)" href="/img/siteicon/splashIcons/icon_2732x2048.png"><meta name="description" content="目标 创建集合 集合数据的特点 集合的常见操作 集合 创建集合 创建集合使用&#123;&#125;或set()， 但是如果要创建空集合只能使用set()，因为&#123;&#125;用来创建空字典。 特点： 集合可以去掉重复数据； 集合数据是无序的，故不支持下标 示例： s1 = &#123;10, 20, 30, 40, 50&#125;print(s1)s2 = &#123;10">
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class="site-page" href="javascript:void(0);" rel="external nofollow noreferrer"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-bars"></i></a></div></div></nav><div id="post-info"><div id="post-firstinfo"><div class="meta-firstline"><a class="post-meta-original">原创</a><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-inbox post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="categories/Python%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95/">Python语法</a></span><span class="article-meta tags"><a class="article-meta__tags" href="tags/Python%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95/"><span><i class="iconfont icon-Tags"></i>Python语法</span></a></span></div></div><h1 class="post-title">Python基础语法（九）数据序列——集合</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><i class="iconfont icon-zuozhe"></i><span class="post-meta-author">安志</span><span class="post-meta-date"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-calendar-days post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2023-05-23T11:25:17.000Z" title="发表于 2023-05-23 19:25:17">2023-05-23</time><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-history post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2024-03-01T06:58:55.220Z" title="更新于 2024-03-01 14:58:55">2024-03-01</time></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-file-word post-meta-icon" title="文章字数"></i><span class="post-meta-label" title="文章字数">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count" title="文章字数">515</span><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-clock post-meta-icon" title="阅读时长"></i><span class="post-meta-label" title="阅读时长">阅读时长:</span><span>2分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><span class="post-meta-position" title="作者IP属地为北京"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-location-dot"></i>北京</span></div></div></div><section class="main-hero-waves-area waves-area"><svg class="waves-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 24 150 28" preserveAspectRatio="none" shape-rendering="auto"><defs><path id="gentle-wave" d="M -160 44 c 30 0 58 -18 88 -18 s 58 18 88 18 s 58 -18 88 -18 s 58 18 88 18 v 44 h -352 Z"></path></defs><g class="parallax"><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="0"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="3"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="5"></use><use href="#gentle-wave" x="48" y="7"></use></g></svg></section><div id="post-top-cover"><img class="nolazyload" id="post-top-bg" src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@main/博客站点配图/python-logo.6puefdh4wtk0.png"></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="目标">目标</h1>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">创建集合</li>
<li class="lvl-2">集合数据的特点</li>
<li class="lvl-2">集合的常见操作</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="集合">集合</h1>
<h2 id="创建集合">创建集合</h2>
<p>创建集合使用<code>{}</code>或<code>set()</code>， 但是<strong>如果要创建空集合只能使用<code>set()</code></strong>，因为<code>{}</code>用来创建空字典。</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>特点：</strong></p>
<ol>
<li class="lvl-3"><mark>集合可以去掉重复数据；</mark></li>
<li class="lvl-3"><mark>集合数据是无序的，故不支持下标</mark></li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>示例：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>, <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="number">40</span>, <span class="number">50</span>}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s2 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="number">20</span>, <span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="number">40</span>, <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="number">50</span>}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s2) <span class="comment"># 打印时 自动去除重复的数据</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s3 = <span class="built_in">set</span>(<span class="string">'abcdefg'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s3)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建空集合</span></span><br><span class="line">s4 = <span class="built_in">set</span>()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">type</span>(s4)) <span class="comment"># set</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s5 = {}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">type</span>(s5)) <span class="comment"># dict</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305222032975.png" alt="image-20190318104620690" style="zoom:50%;" />
<h2 id="集合常见操作方法">集合常见操作方法</h2>
<h3 id="增加数据">增加数据</h3>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>add(),追加<strong>单个数据</strong></p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>}</span><br><span class="line">s1.add(<span class="number">100</span>)</span><br><span class="line">s1.add(<span class="number">10</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1) <span class="comment"># {100, 10, 20}</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>因为集合有去重功能，所以，当向集合内追加的数据是当前集合已有数据的话，则不进行任何操作。</p>
</blockquote>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>update(), 追加的<strong>数据是序列</strong>。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># s1.update(100) # 报错</span></span><br><span class="line">s1.update([<span class="number">100</span>, <span class="number">200</span>]) <span class="comment"># 增加列表序列</span></span><br><span class="line">s1.update(<span class="string">'abc'</span>) <span class="comment"># 增加单个字符串序列，会拆分</span></span><br><span class="line">s1.update([<span class="string">'anzhiyu'</span>, <span class="string">'anyw'</span>]) <span class="comment"># 增加列表序列，其中数据类型是字符型，不会拆分</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src= "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-lazy-src="https://cdn.statically.io/gh/AnZhiJJ/Blog_Img@Python/pythonStudy_img/202305222032756.png" alt="image-20190318121424514"></p>
<h3 id="删除数据">删除数据</h3>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>remove()，删除集合中的指定数据，<strong>如果数据不存在则报错。</strong></p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1.remove(<span class="number">10</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1.remove(<span class="number">10</span>) <span class="comment"># 报错</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>discard()，删除集合中的指定数据，<strong>如果数据不存在也不会报错。</strong></p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1.discard(<span class="number">10</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1.discard(<span class="number">10</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>pop()，随机删除集合中的某个数据，并返回这个数据。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>, <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="number">40</span>, <span class="number">50</span>}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">del_num = s1.pop()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(del_num)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="查找数据（判断数据是否在集合序列）">查找数据（判断数据是否在集合序列）</h3>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>in：判断数据在集合序列</p>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>not in：判断数据不在集合序列</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>, <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="number">40</span>, <span class="number">50</span>}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="number">10</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> s1) <span class="comment"># True</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="number">10</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> s1) <span class="comment"># False</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="总结">总结</h1>
<ul class="lvl-0">
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>创建集合</p>
<ul class="lvl-2">
<li class="lvl-4">有数据集合</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = {数据<span class="number">1</span>, 数据<span class="number">2</span>, ...}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul class="lvl-2">
<li class="lvl-4">
<p>无数据集合</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">s1 = <span class="built_in">set</span>()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li class="lvl-2">
<p>常见操作</p>
<ul class="lvl-2">
<li class="lvl-4">增加数据
<ul class="lvl-4">
<li class="lvl-6">add()</li>
<li class="lvl-6">update()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="lvl-4">删除数据
<ul class="lvl-4">
<li class="lvl-6">remove()</li>
<li class="lvl-6">discard()</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87"><span class="toc-text">目标</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88"><span class="toc-text">集合</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88"><span class="toc-text">创建集合</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88%E5%B8%B8%E8%A7%81%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-text">集合常见操作方法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%A2%9E%E5%8A%A0%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE"><span class="toc-text">增加数据</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE"><span class="toc-text">删除数据</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" 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GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar !== undefined && anzhiyu.snackbarShow(GLOBAL_CONFIG.Snackbar.day_to_night);
document.querySelector(".menu-darkmode-text").textContent = "浅色模式";
} else {
activateLightMode();