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Lecture_05_Participatory_Methods.Rmd
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Lecture_05_Participatory_Methods.Rmd
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## Lecture 5: Participatory Methods For Qualitative Model Development {#participatory_methods}
<!-- [Participatory methods](#participatory_methods) -->
### Participatory methods
The following video outlines some of the tools that can be used in participatory modeling. Watch the video and answer the questions that follow.
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/X2ZjG6o7u3o" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
```{r participatory-methods-01, echo=FALSE}
question("Which of these is considered a modeling principle in decision analysis?",
answer("Incorporate all important aspects into models", correct = TRUE),
answer("Build models primarily based on data from expirements and measurements"),
answer("Model system using all sources of information, including local and expert knowledge", correct = TRUE),
answer("Explicitly consider uncertainties about inputs, processes and outputs", correct = TRUE),
incorrect = "Watch [the video](https://youtu.be/X2ZjG6o7u3o).",
allow_retry = TRUE
)
```
<!-- Future question: Why might it be useful to think about 'the fox and the hedgehog' when hosting participatory model building workshops?" -->
### Stakeholder management
The following video covers some definitions, methods and tools and a case study related to stakeholder management in decision analysis. Please watch the videos and answer the questions that follow. These will be helpful in determining which tools/techniques you might use to identify stakeholders in your decision analysis process.
<!-- THis will also work, but not in html  -->
<!-- Note that the youtube link needs to begin with https://www.youtube.com/embed/ -->
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xax-JxlmQf0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
```{r question-stakeholder-management-01, echo=FALSE}
question("Which of these entities do you think could be a stakeholder?",
answer("Individuals", correct = TRUE),
answer("Groups", correct = TRUE),
answer("Non-human entities like forests", correct = TRUE),
answer("None of these could be a stakeholder"),
incorrect = "Watch [the video](https://youtu.be/Xax-JxlmQf0) at slide 6 and try again.",
allow_retry = TRUE
)
```
```{r question-stakeholder-management-02, echo=FALSE}
question("What could you do if there are too many experts identified?",
answer("Keep them all"),
answer("Randomly select a few"),
answer("Use criteria to categorize them and select a representative group", correct = TRUE),
incorrect = "Watch [the video](https://youtu.be/Xax-JxlmQf0) and try again.",
allow_retry = TRUE
)
```
<!-- ### Bonus: Plot the stakeholder analysis in R -->
<!-- Plot stakeholders' experience, availability and expertise in decision analysis with the `ggplot2` `ggrepel` `ggthemes` libraries [@R-ggplot2; @R-ggrepel; @R-ggthemes]. Use the stakeholder data set from our git repository. To run this on your machine, save [this raw csv file](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CWWhitney/Decision_Analysis_Course/main/data/stakeholder.csv) as `.csv` to your local `.RProj` directory. Then use `stakeholder<-read.csv("stakeholder.csv")` to load the data to your R environment and save it as `stakeholder`. -->
<!-- ```{r stakeholder-management-01, exercise=TRUE} -->
<!-- ggplot(data = stakeholder, aes(x = Experience, -->
<!-- y = Availability, -->
<!-- label = stakeholders, -->
<!-- color = Expertise)) + -->
<!-- geom_point(aes(shape=Gender)) + -->
<!-- xlab("Relevant Experience") + -->
<!-- #label names of stakeholders and expand space to show full names -->
<!-- scale_x_continuous(labels = paste(seq(0, 5, by = 1)), -->
<!-- breaks = seq(0, 5, by = 1), -->
<!-- limits = c(0, 5), -->
<!-- expand = c(0, 1)) + -->
<!-- scale_y_continuous(labels = paste(seq(0, 5, by = 1)), -->
<!-- breaks = seq(0, 5, by = 1), -->
<!-- limits = c(0, 5), -->
<!-- expand = c(0, 1)) + -->
<!-- theme(plot.margin = unit(c(1, 1, 1, 1), "cm")) + -->
<!-- theme(legend.position = "none") + -->
<!-- # Create line to categorize stakeholders -->
<!-- geom_hline(yintercept=2.5, color="white", size=2) + -->
<!-- geom_vline(xintercept=2.5, color="white", size=2) + -->
<!-- # Show all names of overlapped values -->
<!-- geom_text_repel(box.padding = 0.3, max.overlaps = Inf, size = 3) + -->
<!-- annotate("text", label = "Potential core experts", -->
<!-- x = 4.5, y = 3.2, size = 5, color = "grey48") + -->
<!-- annotate("text", label = "Resource persons", -->
<!-- x = 4.5, y = 0.25, size = 5, color = "grey48") -->
<!-- ``` -->
<!-- Learn more about using names and [overlapped values](https://ggrepel.slowkow.com/articles/examples.html). -->
### Group discussion reading:
Luu et al
### Further Reading
- [Liberating Structures](http://www.liberatingstructures.com/) by Keith McCandless (and others)
- Reed, M. S. et al. (2009) ‘Who's in and why? A typology of stakeholder analysis methods for natural resource management’, Journal of Environmental Management, 90(5), pp. 1933–1949. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.001.