diff --git a/packages/zone.js/lib/common/events.ts b/packages/zone.js/lib/common/events.ts
index 0c27767e785a3..89fa6a856a2f1 100644
--- a/packages/zone.js/lib/common/events.ts
+++ b/packages/zone.js/lib/common/events.ts
@@ -576,8 +576,10 @@ export function patchEventTarget(
               target[symbolEventName] = null;
               // in the target, we have an event listener which is added by on_property
               // such as target.onclick = function() {}, so we need to clear this internal
-              // property too if all delegates all removed
-              if (typeof eventName === 'string') {
+              // property too if all delegates with capture=false were removed
+              // https:// github.com/angular/angular/issues/31643
+              // https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/54581
+              if (!capture && typeof eventName === 'string') {
                 const onPropertySymbol = ZONE_SYMBOL_PREFIX + 'ON_PROPERTY' + eventName;
                 target[onPropertySymbol] = null;
               }
diff --git a/packages/zone.js/test/browser/browser.spec.ts b/packages/zone.js/test/browser/browser.spec.ts
index 974d2d4ce44fc..bcdc69983d8c0 100644
--- a/packages/zone.js/test/browser/browser.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/zone.js/test/browser/browser.spec.ts
@@ -2046,6 +2046,41 @@ describe('Zone', function() {
         });
       });
 
+      it('should not remove onEventListener when removing capture listener', function() {
+        const button = document.createElement('button');
+        document.body.append(button);
+        const createEvt = () => {
+          const evt = document.createEvent('Event');
+          evt.initEvent('click', true, true);
+          return evt;
+        };
+        let logs: string[] = [];
+        const onClickHandler = () => logs.push('onclick');
+        button.onclick = onClickHandler;
+        let evt = createEvt();
+        button.dispatchEvent(evt);
+        expect(logs).toEqual(['onclick']);
+        logs = [];
+        const listener = () => logs.push('click listener');
+        button.addEventListener('click', listener, {capture: true});
+        evt = createEvt();
+        button.dispatchEvent(evt);
+        expect(logs.sort()).toEqual(['onclick', 'click listener'].sort());
+        logs = [];
+        button.removeEventListener('click', listener, true);
+        evt = createEvt();
+        button.dispatchEvent(evt);
+        expect(logs).toEqual(['onclick']);
+        expect(button.onclick).toBe(onClickHandler);
+        button.onclick = null;
+        logs = [];
+        evt = createEvt();
+        button.dispatchEvent(evt);
+        expect(logs).toEqual([]);
+        expect(button.onclick).toBe(null);
+        document.body.removeChild(button);
+      });
+
       describe('should be able to remove eventListener during eventListener callback', function() {
         it('should be able to remove eventListener during eventListener callback', function() {
           let logs: string[] = [];