diff --git a/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_bilinear_tensor_product_op.py b/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_bilinear_tensor_product_op.py
index 77416dd9826fb..350b6ca72f467 100644
--- a/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_bilinear_tensor_product_op.py
+++ b/python/paddle/fluid/tests/unittests/test_bilinear_tensor_product_op.py
@@ -34,6 +34,17 @@ def test_errors(self):
             x1 = fluid.data(name='x1', shape=[-1, 5], dtype="float16")
             x2 = fluid.data(name='x2', shape=[-1, 4], dtype="float32")
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, layer, x1, x2)
+            # the dimensions of x and y must be 2
+            paddle.enable_static()
+            x3 = paddle.static.data("", shape=[0], dtype="float32")
+            x4 = paddle.static.data("", shape=[0], dtype="float32")
+            self.assertRaises(
+                ValueError,
+                paddle.static.nn.bilinear_tensor_product,
+                x3,
+                x4,
+                1000,
+            )
 
 
 class TestBilinearTensorProductOp(OpTest):
diff --git a/python/paddle/static/nn/common.py b/python/paddle/static/nn/common.py
index ef49b5642a37c..07be93fb55bda 100644
--- a/python/paddle/static/nn/common.py
+++ b/python/paddle/static/nn/common.py
@@ -2568,7 +2568,12 @@ def bilinear_tensor_product(
     """
     helper = LayerHelper('bilinear_tensor_product', **locals())
     dtype = helper.input_dtype('x')
-
+    if len(x.shape) != 2 or len(y.shape) != 2:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Input x and y should be 2D tensor, but received x with the shape of {}, y with the shape of {}".format(
+                x.shape, y.shape
+            )
+        )
     param_shape = [size, x.shape[1], y.shape[1]]
 
     w = helper.create_parameter(