1.PandasDataStructures.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Pandas Data Structures\n",
    "In this guide, we start with the very basics of Pandas and go through the following steps\n",
    "\n",
    "1. Load Pandas\n",
    "2. Series\n",
    "3. Dataframe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 1. Load Pandas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 110,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "from pandas import Series, DataFrame"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<hr style=\"border:2px solid gray\"> </hr>."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 2. Series\n",
    "A `Series` is a `one-dimensional array-like object` containing a `sequence of values` (of similar types to NumPy types) and an associated array of data labels, called its `index`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.1 A simple Series**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 111,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Create a simple Series\n",
    "obj = pd.Series([2,4,6,8])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[2 4 6 8]\n",
      "RangeIndex(start=0, stop=4, step=1)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#A series object contains a sequence of values and an array of data labels, called its index\n",
    "print(obj.values)\n",
    "print(obj.index)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.2 Series with custom index**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 113,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Create a series with Index\n",
    "obj = pd.Series([2,4,6,8], index=['a','b','c','d'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 114,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a    2\n",
      "b    4\n",
      "c    6\n",
      "d    8\n",
      "dtype: int64\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Print obj\n",
    "print(obj)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**Check Series Index and Values**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 115,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[2 4 6 8]\n",
      "Index(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], dtype='object')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Check values and index\n",
    "print(obj.values)\n",
    "print(obj.index)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.3 Accessing Series Elements - Using index values**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Using index value\n",
    "obj['a']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a    2\n",
       "b    4\n",
       "d    8\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Using multiple index values\n",
    "obj[['a','b','d']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.4 Accessing Series Elements - Using index position**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Using index numerical position\n",
    "obj[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a    2\n",
       "c    6\n",
       "d    8\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Using multiple position values\n",
    "obj[[0,2,3]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b    4\n",
       "c    6\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Using slicing operator\n",
    "obj[1:3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.5 Boolean Operations**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b    4\n",
       "c    6\n",
       "d    8\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Check values greater than 2\n",
    "obj[obj>2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a     4\n",
       "b     8\n",
       "c    12\n",
       "d    16\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Scalar multiplication\n",
    "obj * 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 122,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 122,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Check if a value is in the series\n",
    "4 in obj.values"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.6 Create Series from a Dict**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 123,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "obj = pd.Series({\"Delhi\": 100, \"Mumbai\": 200, \"Bangalore\": 300})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 124,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Delhi        100\n",
       "Mumbai       200\n",
       "Bangalore    300\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 124,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Check the object\n",
    "obj"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**2.7 Series properties - Name and Index Name**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Name the series\n",
    "obj.name = \"City\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 126,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Name the index column\n",
    "obj.index.name = \"Population\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 139,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Population\n",
       "Delhi        100\n",
       "Mumbai       200\n",
       "Bangalore    300\n",
       "Name: City, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 139,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "obj"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<hr style=\"border:2px solid gray\"> </hr>."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 3. Dataframe\n",
    "A `DataFrame` represents a `rectangular table of data` and contains an `ordered collection of columns`, each of which can be a different value type (numeric, string, boolean, etc.). The DataFrame has both a `row` and `column index`; it can be thought of as a `dict of Series` all sharing the `same index`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**3.1 Create a basic Dataframe**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 95,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Creating a Dataframe\n",
    "data = {\"state\": ['Ohio', 'Ohio', 'Ohio', 'Nevada', 'Nevada', 'Nevada'], \n",
    "        \"year\": [2000, 2001, 2002, 2001, 2002, 2003], \n",
    "        \"pop\": [1.5, 1.7, 3.6, 2.4, 2.9, 3.2]}\n",
    "\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 96,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>state</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>pop</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2000</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "    state  year  pop\n",
       "0    Ohio  2000  1.5\n",
       "1    Ohio  2001  1.7\n",
       "2    Ohio  2002  3.6\n",
       "3  Nevada  2001  2.4\n",
       "4  Nevada  2002  2.9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 96,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#View the Dataframe\n",
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**3.2 Add Index to DataFrame**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 141,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Add index to the Dataframe\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(data, index=[1,2,3,4,5,6])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 98,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>state</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>pop</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2000</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2003</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "    state  year  pop\n",
       "1    Ohio  2000  1.5\n",
       "2    Ohio  2001  1.7\n",
       "3    Ohio  2002  3.6\n",
       "4  Nevada  2001  2.4\n",
       "5  Nevada  2002  2.9\n",
       "6  Nevada  2003  3.2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 98,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**3.3 Specify a sequence of columns**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Sequence of columns\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(data, index=[1,2,3,4,5,6], columns=[\"year\",\"state\",\"pop\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>state</th>\n",
       "      <th>pop</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2000</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>2003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   year   state  pop\n",
       "1  2000    Ohio  1.5\n",
       "2  2001    Ohio  1.7\n",
       "3  2002    Ohio  3.6\n",
       "4  2001  Nevada  2.4\n",
       "5  2002  Nevada  2.9\n",
       "6  2003  Nevada  3.2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 100,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**3.4 Accessing Dataframe columns as Series**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 101,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1      Ohio\n",
       "2      Ohio\n",
       "3      Ohio\n",
       "4    Nevada\n",
       "5    Nevada\n",
       "6    Nevada\n",
       "Name: state, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 101,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Accessing dataframe columns\n",
    "df[\"state\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 102,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1      Ohio\n",
       "2      Ohio\n",
       "3      Ohio\n",
       "4    Nevada\n",
       "5    Nevada\n",
       "Name: state, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 102,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Accessing single column\n",
    "df[\"state\"][0:5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>state</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "    state  year\n",
       "1    Ohio  2000\n",
       "2    Ohio  2001\n",
       "3    Ohio  2002\n",
       "4  Nevada  2001\n",
       "5  Nevada  2002"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 103,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Accessing multiple columns\n",
    "df[[\"state\",\"year\"]][0:5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**3.5 Updating dataframe column and name**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 104,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.index.name = 'year'\n",
    "df.columns.name = 'state'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 105,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.index = df[\"year\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 109,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th>state</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>state</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2000</th>\n",
       "      <td>2000</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2001</th>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2002</th>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ohio</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2001</th>\n",
       "      <td>2001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2002</th>\n",
       "      <td>2002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2003</th>\n",
       "      <td>2003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Nevada</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "state  year   state\n",
       "year               \n",
       "2000   2000    Ohio\n",
       "2001   2001    Ohio\n",
       "2002   2002    Ohio\n",
       "2001   2001  Nevada\n",
       "2002   2002  Nevada\n",
       "2003   2003  Nevada"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 109,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 133,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array(['Ohio', 'Ohio', 'Ohio', 'Nevada', 'Nevada', 'Nevada'], dtype=object)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 133,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[\"state\"].values"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 134,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Int64Index([2000, 2001, 2002, 2001, 2002, 2003], dtype='int64', name='year')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 134,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[\"state\"].index"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<hr style=\"border:2px solid gray\"> </hr>."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# End of sheet"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.8.5"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 4
}