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Getting Up and Running Locally With Docker

.. index:: Docker

The steps below will get you up and running with a local development environment. All of these commands assume you are in the root of your generated project.

Prerequisites

Attention, Windows Users

Currently PostgreSQL (psycopg2 python package) is not installed inside Docker containers for Windows users, while it is required by the generated Django project. To fix this, add psycopg2 to the list of requirements inside requirements/base.txt:

# Python-PostgreSQL Database Adapter
psycopg2==2.6.2

Doing this will prevent the project from being installed in an Windows-only environment (thus without usage of Docker). If you want to use this project without Docker, make sure to remove psycopg2 from the requirements again.

Build the Stack

This can take a while, especially the first time you run this particular command on your development system:

$ docker-compose -f local.yml build

Generally, if you want to emulate production environment use production.yml instead. And this is true for any other actions you might need to perform: whenever a switch is required, just do it!

Run the Stack

This brings up both Django and PostgreSQL. The first time it is run it might take a while to get started, but subsequent runs will occur quickly.

Open a terminal at the project root and run the following for local development:

$ docker-compose -f local.yml up

You can also set the environment variable COMPOSE_FILE pointing to local.yml like this:

$ export COMPOSE_FILE=local.yml

And then run:

$ docker-compose up

To run in a detached (background) mode, just:

$ docker-compose up -d

Execute Management Commands

As with any shell command that we wish to run in our container, this is done using the docker-compose -f local.yml run --rm command:

$ docker-compose -f local.yml run --rm django python manage.py migrate
$ docker-compose -f local.yml run --rm django python manage.py createsuperuser

Here, django is the target service we are executing the commands against.

(Optionally) Designate your Docker Development Server IP

When DEBUG is set to True, the host is validated against ['localhost', '127.0.0.1', '[::1]']. This is adequate when running a virtualenv. For Docker, in the config.settings.local, add your host development server IP to INTERNAL_IPS or ALLOWED_HOSTS if the variable exists.

Configuring the Environment

This is the excerpt from your project's local.yml:

# ...

postgres:
  build:
    context: .
    dockerfile: ./compose/production/postgres/Dockerfile
  volumes:
    - postgres_data_local:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    - postgres_backup_local:/backups
  env_file:
    - ./.envs/.local/.postgres

# ...

The most important thing for us here now is env_file section enlisting ./.envs/.local/.postgres. Generally, the stack's behavior is governed by a number of environment variables (env(s), for short) residing in envs/, for instance, this is what we generate for you:

.envs
├── .local
│   ├── .django
│   └── .postgres
└── .production
    ├── .caddy
    ├── .django
    └── .postgres

By convention, for any service sI in environment e (you know someenv is an environment when there is a someenv.yml file in the project root), given sI requires configuration, a .envs/.e/.sI service configuration file exists.

Consider the aforementioned .envs/.local/.postgres:

# PostgreSQL
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
POSTGRES_HOST=postgres
POSTGRES_DB=<your project slug>
POSTGRES_USER=XgOWtQtJecsAbaIyslwGvFvPawftNaqO
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=jSljDz4whHuwO3aJIgVBrqEml5Ycbghorep4uVJ4xjDYQu0LfuTZdctj7y0YcCLu

The three envs we are presented with here are POSTGRES_DB, POSTGRES_USER, and POSTGRES_PASSWORD (by the way, their values have also been generated for you). You might have figured out already where these definitions will end up; it's all the same with django and caddy service container envs.

One final touch: should you ever need to merge .envs/production/* in a single .env run the merge_production_dotenvs_in_dotenv.py:

$ python merge_production_dotenvs_in_dotenv.py

The .env file will then be created, with all your production envs residing beside each other.

Tips & Tricks

Activate a Docker Machine

This tells our computer that all future commands are specifically for the dev1 machine. Using the eval command we can switch machines as needed.:

$ eval "$(docker-machine env dev1)"

Debugging

ipdb

If you are using the following within your code to debug:

import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()

Then you may need to run the following for it to work as desired:

$ docker-compose -f local.yml run --rm --service-ports django

django-debug-toolbar

In order for django-debug-toolbar to work designate your Docker Machine IP with INTERNAL_IPS in local.py.

Mailhog

When developing locally you can go with MailHog for email testing provided use_mailhog was set to y on setup. To proceed,

  1. make sure mailhog container is up and running;
  2. open up http://127.0.0.1:8025.