diff --git a/Directory.Build.props b/Directory.Build.props
index e186a4b28c7..70c0c1d3c2b 100644
--- a/Directory.Build.props
+++ b/Directory.Build.props
@@ -22,6 +22,30 @@
     <WpfArcadeSdkTargets>$(WpfArcadeSdkPath)Sdk\Sdk.targets</WpfArcadeSdkTargets>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
+  <!-- For the purposes of generating code coverage as part of the build -->
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Coverage)' == 'true'">
+      <!-- Coverlet assumes PDB files exist on disk https://github.com/tonerdo/coverlet/issues/362 -->
+      <DebugType Condition="'$(DebugType)' == 'embedded'">portable</DebugType>
+      <!-- Coverlet's PDB check cannot handle deterministic source paths https://github.com/tonerdo/coverlet/issues/363 -->
+      <DeterministicSourcePaths>false</DeterministicSourcePaths>
+
+      <!-- Note: CoverletOutput references $(TargetDir) so it is set in Directory.Build.targets -->
+
+      <CollectCoverage>true</CollectCoverage>
+      <SingleHit>true</SingleHit> <!--see https://github.com/dotnet/machinelearning/pull/2843/files#r262544802-->
+      <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies> <!-- required due to https://github.com/tonerdo/coverlet/issues/72 -->
+      <CoverletOutputFormat>opencover</CoverletOutputFormat>
+      <Include>[System.Windows.*]*</Include>
+      <!-- Exclude only Obsolete and tagged with ExcludeFromCodeCoverage !!Avoid using this!! -->
+      <Exclude />
+      <ExcludeByAttribute>Obsolete,ExcludeFromCodeCoverage</ExcludeByAttribute>
+      <ExcludeByFile />
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <!-- Make sure coverage targets are defined even in projects where coverlet is not installed -->
+  <Target Name="InstrumentModulesAfterBuild" />
+  <Target Name="GenerateCoverageResult" />
+
   <Import Project="$(WpfArcadeSdkProps)"
           Condition="Exists('$(WpfArcadeSdkProps)') And Exists('$(WpfArcadeSdkTargets)')"/>
 
diff --git a/Directory.Build.targets b/Directory.Build.targets
index 224a9dbc152..7f908476f72 100644
--- a/Directory.Build.targets
+++ b/Directory.Build.targets
@@ -1,5 +1,17 @@
 <Project>
+  <!-- Set code coverage properties that reference properties not available in Directory.Build.props -->
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Coverage)' == 'true'">
+    <CoverletOutput>$(TargetDir)coverage\$(MSBuildProjectName).coverage</CoverletOutput>
+  </PropertyGroup>
 
+  <Target Name="InstrumentModulesNoBuildBeforeTest" Condition="'$(CollectCoverage)' == 'true'" BeforeTargets="RunTests">
+    <CallTarget Targets="InstrumentModulesAfterBuild" />
+  </Target>
+
+  <Target Name="GenerateCoverageResultAfterTest" Condition="'$(CollectCoverage)' == 'true'" AfterTargets="RunTests">
+    <CallTarget Targets="GenerateCoverageResult" />
+  </Target>
+  
   <Import Project="$(WpfArcadeSdkTargets)"
           Condition="Exists('$(WpfArcadeSdkProps)') And Exists('$(WpfArcadeSdkTargets)')"/>
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index aef55f46d3d..734ee0089ac 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF)
 [![.NET Foundation](https://img.shields.io/badge/.NET%20Foundation-blueviolet.svg)](https://www.dotnetfoundation.org/)
 [![Build Status](https://dnceng.visualstudio.com/public/_apis/build/status/dotnet/wpf/dotnet-wpf%20CI)](https://dnceng.visualstudio.com/public/_build/latest?definitionId=270)
+[![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/dotnet/wpf/branch/main/graph/badge.svg?flag=production)](https://codecov.io/gh/dotnet/wpf)
 [![MIT License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-green.svg)](https://github.com/dotnet/wpf/blob/main/LICENSE.TXT)
 
 Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) is a UI framework for building Windows desktop applications. 
diff --git a/codecov.yml b/codecov.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bfaae24a293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/codecov.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-yaml
+# https://github.com/codecov/support/wiki/Codecov-Yaml
+
+coverage:
+  range: 20..80                   # 20 is red, 80 is green
+  round: down                     # always round down
+  precision: 5                    # highest level of decimal precision
+  status:
+    project:
+      default: false
+    patch:
+      default: false
+  fixes:
+    - "eng/::/"
+
+comment:
+  layout: "diff, flags"           # coverage difference, flags below
+
+flags:                            # which files to include in the reporting
+  production:
+    paths:
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src\PresentationFramework
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src\PresentationCore
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src\PresentationUI
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src\ReachFramework
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\src\System.Xaml
+  test:
+    paths:
+      - tests/
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\tests\UnitTests\WindowsBase.Tests
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\tests\UnitTests\PresentationCore.Tests
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\tests\UnitTests\PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\tests\UnitTests\System.Printing.Tests
+      - src\Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf\tests\UnitTests\System.Xaml.Tests
diff --git a/eng/CodeCoverage.proj b/eng/CodeCoverage.proj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1c2f2205f36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eng/CodeCoverage.proj
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk" DefaultTargets="Codecov">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <!-- We need to specify a framework in order for the Restore target to work -->
+    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.0</TargetFramework>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+      <PackageReference Include="Codecov" Version="$(CodecovVersion)" />
+      <PackageReference Include="ReportGenerator" Version="$(ReportGeneratorVersion)" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Target Name="Codecov" DependsOnTargets="Restore">
+    <PropertyGroup>
+      <_CodecovPath>$(NuGetPackageRoot)codecov\$(CodecovVersion)\tools\Codecov.exe</_CodecovPath>
+      <_ReportGeneratorPath>$(NuGetPackageRoot)reportgenerator\$(ReportGeneratorVersion)\tools\net47\ReportGenerator.exe</_ReportGeneratorPath>
+
+      <!-- The name of the source branch of the pull request. Ideally this would include the fork name, such as
+        'sharwell:coverage-cleanup', but only the branch name itself is available, such as 'coverage-cleanup'. -->
+      <_BranchName Condition="'$(_BranchName)' == ''">$(SYSTEM_PULLREQUEST_SOURCEBRANCH)</_BranchName>
+      <_BranchName Condition="'$(_BranchName)' == ''">$(BUILD_SOURCEBRANCHNAME)</_BranchName>
+    </PropertyGroup>
+
+    <ItemGroup>
+      <!-- [...\artifacts\bin\][project]\[configuration]\[framework]\coverage\[project].coverage-->
+      <_CoverageReports Include="$(ArtifactsBinDir)*\$(Configuration)\*\coverage\*.coverage" />
+    </ItemGroup>
+
+    <!-- Merge multiple coverlet reports into a single Cobertura report before uploading to codecov.io, in order to
+      reduce upload size and load on the codecov.io processing servers. -->
+    <Message Importance="high" Text="&quot;$(_ReportGeneratorPath)&quot; &quot;-reports:@(_CoverageReports)&quot; -targetdir:$(BaseOutputPath)coverage -reporttypes:Cobertura" />
+    <Exec Command="&quot;$(_ReportGeneratorPath)&quot; &quot;-reports:@(_CoverageReports)&quot; -targetdir:$(BaseOutputPath)coverage -reporttypes:Cobertura" />
+
+    <ItemGroup>
+      <!-- These are the best known interpretation of options defined in
+        https://github.com/codecov/codecov-exe/blob/master/Source/Codecov/Program/CommandLineOptions.cs -->
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="-f;$(BaseOutputPath)coverage\Cobertura.xml" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="-r;$(BUILD_REPOSITORY_NAME)" Condition="'$(BUILD_REPOSITORY_NAME)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="--pr;$(SYSTEM_PULLREQUEST_PULLREQUESTNUMBER)" Condition="'$(SYSTEM_PULLREQUEST_PULLREQUESTNUMBER)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="-b;$(BUILD_BUILDNUMBER)" Condition="'$(BUILD_BUILDNUMBER)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="--branch;$(_BranchName)" Condition="'$(_BranchName)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="-c;$(BUILD_SOURCEVERSION)" Condition="'$(BUILD_SOURCEVERSION)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="-n;$(BUILD_DEFINITIONNAME)" Condition="'$(BUILD_DEFINITIONNAME)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovArgs Include="-t;$(CodeCovToken)" Condition="'$(CodeCovToken)' != ''" />
+
+      <_CodecovFlags Include="$(Configuration)" Condition="'$(Configuration)' != ''" />
+      <_CodecovProductionFlags Include="@(_CodecovFlags)" />
+      <_CodecovProductionFlags Include="production" />
+      <_CodecovTestFlags Include="@(_CodecovFlags)" />
+      <_CodecovTestFlags Include="test" />
+    </ItemGroup>
+
+    <!-- Upload the coverage file with a 'production' flag, which will be filtered by codecov.io to production code -->
+    <Message Importance="high" Text="&quot;$(_CodecovPath)&quot; @(_CodecovArgs, ' ') --flag @(_CodecovProductionFlags, ',')" />
+    <Exec Command="&quot;$(_CodecovPath)&quot; @(_CodecovArgs, ' ') --flag @(_CodecovProductionFlags, ',')" />
+
+    <!-- Upload the coverage file with a 'test' flag, which will be filtered by codecov.io to test code -->
+    <Message Importance="high" Text="&quot;$(_CodecovPath)&quot; @(_CodecovArgs, ' ') --flag @(_CodecovTestFlags, ',')" />
+    <Exec Command="&quot;$(_CodecovPath)&quot; @(_CodecovArgs, ' ') --flag @(_CodecovTestFlags, ',')" />
+  </Target>
+
+</Project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/eng/pipeline-pr.yml b/eng/pipeline-pr.yml
index fe2fc86d383..cfc493c5b6e 100644
--- a/eng/pipeline-pr.yml
+++ b/eng/pipeline-pr.yml
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ jobs:
           ${{ if eq(parameters.runAsPublic, 'true') }}:
             Build_Debug_x86:
               _BuildConfig: Debug
+              _Coverage: true
               # override some variables for debug
               # _SignType has to be real for package publishing to succeed - do not override to test.
           Build_Release_x86:
@@ -139,6 +140,7 @@ jobs:
           ${{ if eq(parameters.runAsPublic, 'true') }}:
             Build_Debug_x64:
               _BuildConfig: Debug
+              _Coverage: true
               # override some variables for debug
               # _SignType has to be real for package publishing to succeed - do not override to test.
               _Platform: x64
@@ -174,6 +176,7 @@ jobs:
           $(_OfficialBuildIdArgs)
           $(_PlatformArgs)
           $(_InternalRuntimeDownloadArgs)
+          /p:Coverage=$(_Coverage)
         displayName: Windows Build / Publish
         # This condition should be kept in sync with the condition for 'Run DRTs' step 
         #   When building on a regular pipeline (!_HelixPipeline), build as usual 
@@ -191,6 +194,7 @@ jobs:
           $(_PlatformArgs)
           $(_InternalRuntimeDownloadArgs)
           /bl:$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\artifacts\log\$(_BuildConfig)\Test.binlog
+          /p:Coverage=$(_Coverage)
         displayName: Run xUnit Tests
         condition: and(or(ne(variables['_HelixPipeline'], 'true'), and(eq(variables['_HelixPipeline'], 'true') ,eq(variables['_BuildConfig'], 'Release'), eq(variables['_PublicBuildPipeline'], 'true'), eq(variables['_ContinuousIntegrationTestsEnabled'], 'true'))), ne(variables['_Platform'], 'arm64'))
 
@@ -203,7 +207,15 @@ jobs:
           mergeTestResults: true
         continueOnError: true
         condition: and(eq(variables['_BuildConfig'], 'Release'), ne(variables['_Platform'], 'arm64'))
-
+      
+      # Upload code coverage data
+      - script: $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/.dotnet/dotnet msbuild
+          eng/CodeCoverage.proj
+          /p:Configuration=$(_BuildConfig)
+          /p:CodeCovToken=$(CODECOV_TOKEN)
+          /bl:$(BUILD.SOURCESDIRECTORY)\artifacts\log\$(_BuildConfig)\CodeCoverage.binlog
+        displayName: Upload coverage to codecov.io
+        condition: and(succeeded(), eq(variables._Coverage, 'true'))
       # - task: PowerShell@2
       #   displayName: Install .NET Core
       #   inputs:
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests.csproj b/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests.csproj
index 6a36f43d216..b4f5e788419 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests/PresentationFramework.Fluent.Tests.csproj
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="xunit.stafact" Version="$(XUnitStaFactPackageVersion)" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager" Version="$(SystemConfigurationConfigurationManagerPackageVersion)" />
     <PackageReference Include="$(SystemIOPackagingPackage)" Version="$(SystemIOPackagingVersion)" />
+    <PackageReference Include="coverlet.msbuild" Version="$(CoverletMSBuildPackageVersion)" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/System.Printing.Tests/System.Printing.Tests.csproj b/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/System.Printing.Tests/System.Printing.Tests.csproj
index 967e81ca7df..0ab503e4f53 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/System.Printing.Tests/System.Printing.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/Microsoft.DotNet.Wpf/tests/UnitTests/System.Printing.Tests/System.Printing.Tests.csproj
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="xunit.stafact" Version="$(XUnitStaFactPackageVersion)" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager" Version="$(SystemConfigurationConfigurationManagerPackageVersion)" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.Private.Windows.Core.TestUtilities" Version="$(SystemPrivateWindowsCoreTestUtilitiesVersion)" />
+    <PackageReference Include="coverlet.msbuild" Version="$(CoverletMSBuildPackageVersion)" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>