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Firebase Cloud Messaging Quickstart

The Firebase Cloud Messaging Android Quickstart app demonstrates registering an Android app for notifications and handling the receipt of a message. InstanceID allows easy registration while FirebaseMessagingService and FirebaseInstanceIDService enable token refreshes and message handling on the client.

Introduction

Getting Started

NOTE: This sample contains identical code for both Java and Kotlin. However, there can only be one service in each app that receives FCM messages. If multiple are declared in the Manifest then the first one will be chosen.

In order to make the Java messaging sample functional, you must remove the following from the .kotlin.MyFirebaseMessagingService entry in the AndroidManifest.xml:

<intent-filter>
  <action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
</intent-filter>

Sending Notifications

Use Firebase console to send FCM messages to device or emulator.

Send to a single device

  • From Firebase console Notification section, click New Message.
  • Enter the text of your message in the Message Text field.
  • Set the target to Single Device.
  • Check the logs for the InstanceID token, copy and paste it into the Firebase console Token field.
    • If you cannot find the token in your logs, click on the LOG TOKEN button in the application and the token will be logged in logcat.
  • Click on the Send Message button.
  • If your application is in the foreground you should see the incoming message printed in the logs. If it is in the background, a system notification should be displayed. When the notification is tapped, the application should return to the quickstart application.

Send to a topic

  • From Firebase console Notification section, click New Message.
  • Enter the text of your message in the Message Text field.
  • Click on the SUBSCRIBE TO NEWS button to subscribe to the news topic.
  • Set the target to Topic.
  • Select the news topic from the list of topics ("news" in this sample). You must subscribe from the device or emulator before the topic will will be visible in the console.
  • Click on the Send Message button.
  • If your application is in the foreground you should see the incoming message printed in the logs. If it is in the background, a system notification should be displayed. When the notification is tapped, the application should return to the quickstart application.

Best Practices

Android notification channels

Set default channel

If incoming FCM messages do not specify an Android notification channel, you can indicate to FCM what channel should be used as the default by adding a metadata element to your application manifest. In the metadata element specify the ID of the channel that should be used by default by FCM.

<meta-data
    android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_channel_id"
    android:value="default_channel_id"/>

Note: You are still required to create a notification channel in code with an ID that matches the one defined in the manifest. See the Android docs for more.

Customize default notification

Custom default icon

Setting a custom default icon allows you to specify what icon is used for notification messages if no icon is set in the notification payload. Also use the custom default icon to set the icon used by notification messages sent from the Firebase console. If no custom default icon is set and no icon is set in the notification payload, the application icon (rendered in white) is used.

Custom default Color

You can also define what color is used with your notification. Different android versions use this settings in different ways: Android < N use this as background color for the icon. Android >= N use this to color the icon and the app name.

See the docs for more.

Result

Support

License

Copyright 2016 Google, Inc.

Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.