Minor suggested updates to the Collatz Sequence exercise in section 6.8 and its solution in section 6.8.1

[jamielapointe]

The first suggestion is that the Collatz Sequence is only valid when n is in the set of natural numbers. Thus the input parameter n into the collatz_length function should be u32 and not i32 - especially since the output is u32 - thus no need for unnecessary casting.

The second suggestion is that I propose a solution that matches the official sequence, which only counts the number of tripling and halving operations. i.e.:

n	length
1	0
2	1
3	7

The On-line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS) for the Collatz conjecture, A006577 - "Number of halving and tripling steps to reach 1 in '3x+1' problem, or -1 if 1 is never reached.":
OEIS - A006577 as a simple table.

A possible solution is:

/// Determine the length of the Collatz sequence.
///
/// We are defining the length of the Collatz sequence as the number of halving 
/// and tripling steps to the end of the collatz sequence (n == 1) beginning at 
/// `n`.  This function  will just return `0` for the invalid input `n == 0` 
/// instead of returning an error as we have not yet covered that in this 
/// course.
///
/// More info: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture
/// This follows the pattern from: https://oeis.org/A006577/list
pub fn collatz_length(mut n: u32) -> u32 {
    let mut counter = 0_u32;
    while n > 1 {
        n = if n % 2 == 0 { n / 2 } else { 3 * n + 1 };
        counter += 1;
    }
    counter
}


#[test]
fn test_collatz_length() {
    assert_eq!(collatz_length(0), 0);
    assert_eq!(collatz_length(1), 0);
    assert_eq!(collatz_length(2), 1);
    assert_eq!(collatz_length(11), 14);
    assert_eq!(collatz_length(27), 111);
    assert_eq!(collatz_length(837799), 524);
}

fn main() {
    println!("Length: {}", collatz_length(11));
}

[djmitche]

Thanks! Could you make a PR?