bomber_ocr_final.txt

THE
BOMBER'S BAEDEKER
(Guide to the Economic Importance of German Towns and Cities)
2nd (1944) Edition.
Part I.
AACHEN-KÜSTRIN

Enemy Branch (Foreign Oilieo & Ministry of Economic Warfare)
THE BOMBER'S BAEDEKER
(Guide to the Economic Importance of German Towns & C ties) 2nd (1944) Edition.
PART I
AACHEN-KÜSTRIN

Enemy Branch,
(Foreign Office & Ministry of Economic Warfare).
PREPACK
1,The 1944 edition of the "Bcmber's Baed revised and amplified version of Part III edition,which it replaces. It has been scope to cover all towns in Germany (re which are of any industrial significance, and it has been possible to expand the number of industrial establishments listed in each town. Information relating to the activities of particular factories has been revised in the light of the latest available intelligence.
2.As in the previous edition, enterprises have been grouped under fourteen industrial headings as follows:-
1.Transportation
2.Public Utility Services
3.Solid Fuels
4.Liquid Riels & Substitutes%
5.Iron, Steel, & Ferro-Alloys
6.Non-Ferrous Metal Smelting, Refining,
A Manufacture
7.Aircraft & Aero-engines
8.Shipbuilding
9.Othei' Engineering and Armament Industries
10.Chemicals & Explosives
11.Textiles, Rayon, Pulp & Paper
12.Rubber & Tyres
13.Leather
14.Food industries
3.The descriptions of activities and the figures in the column entitled "Priority" are intended only as a general guide to the size and relative importance of the individual undertakings. The basis on which the "Priority" ratings have been allotted is as follows:-
1+Factories ofoutstanding importance
in the German war effort.
1Major plantsin major industries
2Minor plantsin major industries
$
or
Major plantsin minor industries
3Factories ofrelatively small
importance in the German war effort.

Factories which are almost certainly of little importance in the German war effort and establishments concerning which the available information is not sufficient to enable any priority rating to be allotted.
Some of the works included without priority are new establishments the activities of which are uncertain; some of them would doubtless rank for inclusion in one of the four priority groups if full information were available.
In allotting priorities account has been taken of the damage inflicted in area attack only in cases where the productivity of the factory concerned appears to have been permanently affected. In other cases factories are assessed on the basis that they have been fully repaired and are fully active. Owing to the speed with which repairs are put in nand in Borne cases, it did not seem practicable to give weight to damage which may prove to be temporary in assessing priorities which are intended for long-term reference.
The priority rating of a factory in the Bomber's Baedeker consequently does not neoessarily reflect its current importance and should not be used for the purpose of appreciations without reference to its current damage status. If the demand from users justifies it, however, periodical statements can be issued to show the current status of damaged factories as well as other amendments.
4.Owing to its increased size it eras been necessary to bind the new edition in two parts, of which the first includes,
in alphabetical order, the towns AACHEN to KÜSTRIN; and the second the towns LAHR to ZVICKAU.
Each part is accompanied by maps showing: -
a)All towns covered by the 1944 edition of the Bomber's BaedeKer.
b)The method of division of the industriell area of the Ruhr into fourteen districts.
An index is in course of preparation.
5.

AACHEN (Rhineland)
50° 47' N. 6° 5' E: 275 miles: (164,000)
Aachen is an important railway junction on one of the main routes from North -West Germany into Belgium and Prance . It is the centre of
a large coal -mining area * and many of the companies exploiting these
mines have their administrative offices in the town . In peace - time
textiles formed the main industry in Aachen proper . There are a large number of spinning and weaving mills , many of which were closed early
in the war. The leading firms of Aachen 's engineering and rubber
industry are mentioned below . The town has been heavily damaged by bombing , and the production of several of these firms reduced , but much of the industrial damage , particularly to the main factories , has been repaired . The industries are mainly grouped in the North East corner
of the town along the JtLLicherstrasse , and in the Rothe Brde district,
east of the town centre . Several of the textile mills in the Jdlicher- strasse , which have been closed down, are now said to be used as
dummies . The central part of the town is closely built , and has largely preserved its mediaeval character.
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OP OBJECTIVES Transportation
Railway Junction
LOCATION
PRIORITY RATING
The main line Westwards from Cologne passes round the Southern edge of the town centre and crosses an important viaduct immediately to the East of the main railway station . At this station the line divides , one branch leading to Verviers and Liege , 25 miles
West of Aachen , and the second leading Northwards round the town centre to the
Aachen -West Station , near to which , a second important track leads by another route to
Liege . Prom the Aachen -West Station , a main line leads North East to Krefeld and
the Ruhr. These are the trunk lines which ^ connect the industrial Rhineland direct with
Antwerp and, through the Meuse valley , with North Eastern Prance . Further important branch lines lead from Aachen North East to
Maastricht and Holland , and , from the Nord- bahnhof Station , to Jtllioh and the coal mining region to the North East of the town.
Marshalling Yards
Aachen -West (2)
Immediately to the North West of the Aachen- West Railway Station is the largest of the town ' s goods yards , with marshalling yards capable of handling 3*000 wagons per 24 hours . There are other goods stations immediately to the West of the main railway
station , and in the Rothe Erde district to the East of the town.
Aachen -West (2)
 Railway Repair Shops Aachen- West
These are medium- sized repair shops under¬ taking the repair of goods wagons. They adjoin the goods yards West of the main railway station.
Public Utility Services Bower Station
The mmicipal of 50 MW.
Gas Works
The Stadtische
Works) supplies the town of Aachen and most of the surrounding area . Its sales In 193^ anointed to about 650 million cubic feet of gas.
Solid Fuels
Gewerk sc haft "Carolus Magnus” Palenberg
Ubach- Palenberg
power station
Aachen has a capacity
Gaswerke (Municipal Gas
The Carolus Magpus Mine lies about 10 miles North of Aachen at Ubach- Palenberg.
It has a ceking plant of 100 ovens and a maximum rated dry coal capacity of 35° >000 tens per annum. In 193§ the hard coal output at this mine was 1 million tons.
Gewerkschaft Karl Alexander Baesweiler
This company has a mine and coking
plant at Baesweiler about 9 miles North-
North East of Aachen. The coking plant has 2Q ovens and a dry coal capacity of 60,000 tens per annum. In 1936 the hard coal output of the mines was about 1,000,000 tens.
 Engineering and Armaments H. Krantz
Industriestr .
( 3 )
( 2)
( 3 )
( 3 )
(3)
This firm making of
formerly
s± *cetrixati
and other
pressure
cylinders
. It has
electric accessories
believed employed.
Waggonfabrik
motors for U- boats , submarine and other armaments . It is
that 2,000
Talbot
to 3 >000 workers are
Jfllicherstr .
These railway wagon builders specialize in bodybuilding and self discharging wagons and are now also building heavy military vehicles . 800 workers are employed.
Anton Yeltrup & Oo.
Jfllicherstr
.
3
The Maschinenfabrik H. Krantz formerly specialised in the making of textile machinery . The plant employs approximate¬ ly 1,000 workers and is believed to be now converted for the manufacture of arms
and small arms components as well as
S. A. A. Situated within the factory site of this firm is the affiliated works of
H. Krantz Sflhne employing about 300 workers on armaments.
Jfllicherstr .
containers
been reported that these works have been
partly turned over to the making of small
Garbe Lahmeyer A. G*
specialised dynamos accessories , as well as steel
in the and
This firm is reported now to employ some 300 workers on the manufacture of tool machines for Junkers and for submarines.
Schumacher
Aachen
The Schumacher Metallwerk A. G-. ( Schumag) are specialists in precision machine
tools and employed some 700 workers before the war.
 Rubber and lyres
Englebert & Co. G.m.b.H.
The pre - war capacity of these important
manufacturers of rubber tyres
was 75 , OCX) truck and motor tyres per annum. During the war the plant was largely concentrated on the heavier
truck tyres , the production of which
rose to 6,000 per month . Approximately 1,000 workers are employed . These works are reported to be making tyres with
8 5 %Buna content .
plane tyre production
but it is believed that a proportion of
these were later included in the factory ’s
output .
retreaded
This factory
also turns out
tyres . Its reclaim to be 200 tons per
and
bicycle
capacity is believed
annum. Pongs &Co .
This firm manufactures a wide range of technical rubber goods.

A. G. Was ser - Alf ingen
this factory
( including
a large number of p/W. ) on the machining
of crankshafts for aero - engines , sub¬ marines and motor vehicles . Approximately 30 to 40 per cent , of the total output is
reported to be in the form of aero - engine crankshafts.

AALEN (Wasser-Alfingen)
48° 50' N. 10° 5' E: 490 miles: (17,000)
Engineering and Armaments
(3)
Maschinenfabrik Alfingen-Kessler A. G.Wasser-Alfingen(1)
It is believed that in 1942 this factory deployed some 3500 workers (including a large number of P/W. ) on the machining of crankshafts for aero-engines, submarines and motor vehicles. Approximately 30 to 40 per cent, of the total output is reported to be in the form of aero-engine crankshafts.

AHLEN (Westphalia)
51° 45' N. 7° 55' E: 345 miles: (26,000)
Ahlen is situated on the main railway line fron Berlin to the Rhineland and lies between Bielefeld and Hemm. It has no great industrial significance, though there are a few white metal and enamel works, two of which are mentioned below. There are also several small shoe factories, but no other industries which are individually of note.
Non-Ferrous ietal Manufacture and Fabrication
(3)
(3)
RolJman & Tovar A. G.Ahlen
This firm has three separate works in Ahlen engaged on metal moulding, stamping and enamelled work.
Schomaker & Cie. A. G.Ahlen
This firm manufactures white metal products of various kinds.

AKEN (Province Saxony)
51° 50' N. 12° E: 525 miles: (12,000)
Aken is 5 miles West of Dessau, and on the South bank of the Elbe. There are no industries of importance, apart from the non-ferrous metal works mentioned below.
Non-Ferrous Meted Manufacture and Fabrication
Aluminium Werke Aken A.G.Aken(2)
This works is built in a forest on the left banjc of the Elbe, and on the Eastern side of Akeru These works went into production in 1938. Its estimated output as per September 1943 is 10,000 tons of aluminium per annum. The magnesium capacity is 8,000 tons per annum.

ALBBRUCK (near Waldshut)
47° 36' N. 8° 8' E: 460 miles: (6,800)
Public Utility Services
Rheinkraftwerk Albbruok-Dogem A.G.Albbruck(2)
The oapacity of this power station is 72 üW. So far as is known there is no local transmission, the whole of the output of the plant being supplied over three 100 kV lines to Tiengen substation.

ALLENDORF (Hesse Nassau)
50° 50' N. 8° 50' E: 390 miles: (20,500)
Formerly a small village, Allendorf is reported to have recently grown in size owing to the building of the explosives and filling factory of the Dynamit A -G.
Chemicals and Explosives
Dynamit A. G.nr.Allendorf (2)
This factory is operated by DYNAMIT A.G.
It has been constructed in the course of the present war. It has been reported by ground sources a3 being of exceptionally great size, and as being associated with a variety of activities. Photographic cover of September, 1941,suggests that the plant is engaged primarily in the production of finished propellant powders, but does not show it to be extremely large. On the other hand, a variety of reports received in 1942 and 1943 suggest that great extensions have been made during the lost two years, the proposed completion date being given as September, 1943 In view of the number of such reports, it must be assumed that a very considerable powder factory now exists at this site, but it is not possible to give an estimate of its capacity. The factory is situated near Kassel slightly to the east of Allendorf village.

ALLENSTEIN (East Prussia)
53° 45' N. 20° 50' E: 880 miles: (48,000)
Allenstein is on the main railway from Berlin to Insterburg and the Eastern Front. It is situated in the Southern Dart of East Prussia. The town is mainly an agricultural market centre and apart from the Railway Repair Shops mentioned below, there are no industries of importance.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsAllenstein(2)
These are large repair shops employing some 3,000 workers and undertaking the repair of all kinds of rolling stock.

ALSDORF (Rhineland)
50° 55' N. 6° 10' E: 270 miles: (20,000)
Alsdorf is 5 miles Northeast of Aachen and its industrial activity is chiefly oonneoted with the coal mines in the surrounding district. There is no other industry of importance other than a liquid fuel plant listed below.
Public Utility Services
Power PlantAlsd. rf(3)
This thermal eleotrio power plant is adjacent to the coal mines of Eschweiler Bergwerks Verein A.G. and has a capacity of 37 mW. A large proportion of the power is supplied to the Aachen region.
Gas WorksAlsdorf(-)
The ooking plant of the Eschweiler Bergwerks Verein A.G. which is mentioned below under Solid Fuels, supplies gas through the long distance system to industries as far as Cologne.
Solid Fuels
Anna Coal MineAlsdorf(2)
The Eschweiler Bergwerks Verein A. G. owns five large coal mines in this area, of which two, the "Anna" ana the "Maria" pits, are in the immediate vicinity of Alsdorf. The total output of the mines of this concern is 8 million tons per annum. Adjoining the "Anna" ooal mine is a large coking plant with 498 ovens, of which 173 are modern, and an annual capacity of 1 million tons of coke. The coking plant at the Maria mines which has 45 ovens is believed to be inactive.
Liquid Fuels
Teernerwertungs-Ges. in.b. H.Alsdorf(3)
This is a branch of the Duisburg firm of the same name. It is mainly engaged
on distillation and processing of coal'
tar.

ALTDAMM (nr. Stettin)
53° 25' N. 14° 40' E: 640 miles: (15,200)
Altdamm is on the right bank of the Oder opposite to Stettin, fron which it is some four miles distant. The normal peace-time industries include flour milling and a wood pulp factory. Its importance has now greatly increared owing to the development of the large aero engine works mentioned below.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Pomnersehe MotorenbauAltdamm(1)
These works employ some 3,000 workers and build aero-engines chiefly for Junkers type aircraft. The factory includes testing and experimental shops and is believed to Hl>B unuertake a certain amount of repair work.
(The location of this plant is sometimes given as Arnimswalde).

ALTENA (Westphalia)
51° 15' N. 7° 40' E: 340 miles: (17,000)
Along the valley of the River Lenne, in which Altena is one of the principal towns, there are a number of industrial settlements which, though many are individually small, are collectively of great importance to the German metal industry. Two of the larger plants in Altena are mentioned below. There are, however, a very large number of smaller factories and workshops engaged in all kinds of light metal work.
Engineering and Armaments
V.D.M.Altena(2)
The works of the Vereinigte Deutsche lietallwerke vorm. Basse ' Selve, comprise meted foundries, rolling mills, wire drawing plant for the fabrication of non-ferrous meteds, and also a motor worxa where small Diesel engines are produced.
They employ some 800 workers. The nickel refinery of this works has a capacity of 2,500 tons per annum.
Gebr. KnippingAltena(3,1
The Nieten ,4 Schraubenfabrik Gebr. Knipping, which is controlled by tne Vereinigte Stahlwerke A. G. , specialise in rivets and screws of all types. There is also a wire drawing plant. Some 700 workers were employed before the war when the output was said to be 1900 tons per month. The firm is known to be one of the principal suppliers of rivets and screws of the Reichsbahn.
Friedrich PetigAltena(3)
This firn employs several hundred workers in the manufacture of machine tools, precision hand tools and measuring instruments.



ALTENBURG (Thuringia)
51° N. 12° 25' E: 550 miles: (44,000)
Alteriburg is 25 miles South of Leipzig, and is on the main line from North Germany to Munich via Hof. It lies to the South of an area of large br. coal deposits, and i3 an administrative centre for the firms exploiting these. The manufacture of sewing machines was among the town's peace-time industries, and the factory mentioned below is now engaged on armaments. The town's other activities are mainly agricultural, and there are a number of small factories making hats and gloves.
Engineering and Armaments
Hermann Kohler A.G.Altenburg
This firm, which makes a well-know type of sewing machine, considerably extended its plant and the number of workers in 1935-37 and is no doubt now turning out products of direct value to the armaments industry.

ALTÖTTING (Bavaria)
48° 14' N. 12° 40' E: 615 miles: (5,800)
A1 totting is a small town about 6 miles .'fest of Braunau/lnn (Austria). A number of industrial establishments are reported to have been erected in this area since 1939 but little firm intelligence is available a3 to their activities.
Chemical and Explosives
Bayerische Stickshoffwerke A.G.Gendorf
A new large chemical works said to be engaged on explosives and/or propellants is believed to have been erected here but satisfactory confirmation of this is unavailable. According to ground reports the factory is also know as the Anorgana Werke and saploys more than 1,000 workers.

AMBERG (Bavaria)
49° 25' N. 10° 50' E: 550 miles: (30,000)
Arnberg is on the railway line which runs eastwards from Nuremberg to the Czechoslovakian frontier. It is approximately 60 miles East of Nureriberg. Its present industrial importance is due to the LuitpoldhTltte steelworks, which are mentioned below.
Engineering and Armaments
LuitpoldhütteAmberg(3)
The Amberg steelworks of the Bayerische Berg-Hutten & Salzwerke A.G. ( Luitpoldhütte) have been taken over by the Hermann Goring concern, and are believed to be working to full extent of their capacity. The works are not on a large scale. There are three blast furnaces and a steelworks adjoining.
 
AMMENDORF (Saalkreis)
51° 30' N. 12° E: 520 miles: (15,300)
Ammendorf has a number of industries ranging from br. coal to chemicals and engineering but the only large factory within the bounderies of the town is Gottfried Lindner A.G. suppliers of bodies for commercial vehicles.
Solid Fuels
Riebeck'sche MontanwerkeAmmendorf(3)
This firm operates a mxnber of br. coal mines near Ammendorf with a total annual output of three million tons and 150,000 tons of briquettes.
Engineering and Armaments
Gottfried Lindner A.G.Ammendorf(2)
This is the largest individual works in Germany specializing in bodies for commercial vehicles and buses. It normally employs some 2,000 workers but this number is believed now to exceed 3>000.

ANDERBACH (Rhineland)
50° 26' N. 7° 24' E: 337 miles: (13,800)
Engineering and Armaments
Reray, van der Iypen & Co.Andernach(3)
This is a very well equipped works producing tinned and lacquered cold-rolled steel strip at a rate of 5,000 tons per month. Normally the works employ some 1,200 hands.

ANDREASHÜTTE (Silesia)
50° 35' N. 18° 30' E: 800 miles: (5,000)
Andreoshütte is situated on the main railway line between Oppeln awl Beuthen. Apart from the large works mentioned below, there are no industries of importance.
Anireashutte (3)
Engineering and Armaments VOHAG
The Andreasüütte works of the Vereinigte Oberschlesische Hüttenwerke A.G. comprise foundries, rolling mills and drop hammers. They produce barrels for machine guns, bogey wheels, and suspension components for tanks and gun carriages. 2,000 workers are employed. For further particulars of the VOHAG see under GLEIWITZ.

ANKLAM (Pomerania)
53° 50' N. 13° 14' E: 600 miles: (20,000;
Ankleun is situated on the River Peene, on the main railway line between Berlin and Stralsund, It is the junction for Swiremünde. The town's normal industries, which are on a small scale, include sugar refining, iron foundries and engineering works. The Peene is navigable for small craft and there is some shipping traffic. Anklam's importance however is now due to the aircraft works mentioned below.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Arado FlugzeugwerkeAnklam(l)
These works make aircraft components, including wings and tail units, for the Brandenburg factory of the Arado concern. Complete training aircraft are assembled here. Some 2,000 workers are employed.
ANNABERG (Saxony)
50° 35' N. 13° E: 573 miles: (20,000)
Annaberg is close to the former Chechoslovakian frontier. The Auto Union A.G. of Chemnitz have an iron foundry which is mentioned below, and it has also been reported that the A.E.G. have evacuated one of their laboratories to this town. Normally Annaberg specialises in the manufacture of decorative braids, tassels, cords and similar fancy textile products.
Engineering and Armaments
Auto Union A.G.Annaberg (3)
An iron foundry belonging to the Auto Union of Chemnitz is established in Annaberg.
A.E.G.Annaberg (3)
The Annaberg branch of this important Berlin firm normally made electric switches, lampholders, sockets, distribution board fittings and other electrical appliances on a small scale. The factory has been enlarged since 1939.
Annahütte (Brandenburg;
51° 34' N. 13° 54' E: 604 miles: (3,500)
This small mining town lies approximately 3 miles South East of Finsterwalde. It has no industries other than those connected with or part of a number of br.coal mines which are situated in the near vicinity.
Solid Fuels:
Annahtitte (-)
"Grube Werdmannsheil"

Those mined are owned by the Niederlausitzer Kohlenwerke A.G, This br.coal mine produced 1,200,000 tons of brown coal and 139,000 tons
of briquettes in 1937.
Grube AnnahtitteAnnahtttte (-)
These mines are ownea by the Heye Hr&unkohlen-werke G.m.b.H. and in 1937 produced 1,275,OCX) tons of brown coal and 430,000 tons of briquettes.
ANSBACH (Bavarian
49° 20' N. 10° 40' E: 490 miles: (25,000)
Ansbach is situated in Mittelfranken, some 15 miles Southwest of Iilirriberg. It is a market town for the surrounding agricultural district, but has no important industries.
AriNIMSWAIiDE jnear Stettin)
See uraler Altdamnu
ARNSBERG (Westphalia)
51° 25' N. 8° 10' E: 355 miles: (15,000)
Amsberg is on the railway line from Hagen to Kassel It is a small industrial town in the Southern section of 'estphalia on the upper reaches of the kiver Kuhr. Its main products are wood pulp, paper and cardboard.
Testiles, Kayon, Pulp and Paper
FeldmUhleArnsberg(-;
This is a branch factory of the FeldmUhle Papier and Zellstoffwerke A.G. a widespread concern making wood pulp and paper. The Arnsberg factory specialises chiefly in the production of cardboard.
45u workers are employed.

ARNSTADT (Thnrirgia)
50° 50' N. 10° 55' E: 465 miles: (22,000)
Amstadt is 7 miles South of Erfurt and before the war the main activities were the manufacture of china, porcelain, and leather gloves. In 1938 an important factory wa3 erected hero by Siemens & Ifelske. Thi3 is ment_oncd below.
Engineering and Armaments
Siemens & HalskeAmstadt(2)
These works were built in 1938 and produce precision instruments, including those used in U-boats. Nearly 5,000 workers are reported now to be employed in this and in an adjacent plant erected by A.E.G.
Meta WerkAmstadt(3)
The Meta Idetallwerk G. m.b, H. is reported to be making anti-tank shells. This company is believed now to be associated with the Polte arms works of Magdeburg.
Rudolf Ley A.G.Amstadt(-)
This firm specialises in the manufacture of machinery for the boot and shoe industry.

ASCHAFFENBURG (Bavaria)
50° N. 9° 10' E: 420 miles: (43,000)
Aschafferiburg is on the main line from Frankfurt a. Main to Wurzburg and Southern Bavaria. It i3 25 miles East of Frankfurt.
The town is built mainly on the right bank of the River Main, and it is an important transhipment port for the waterborne traffic between North Western and Southern Germany, There are a number of industries of various kinds, of which the most important am precision tools, end paper and cellulose.
Transportation
Inland HarbourAschafferiburg(3)
The River Main, which is canalised for heavy barges as far as Ascto. ffcriburg, is planned to take through traffic to the Danube when the projected Main-Danube Canal has been completed. At present Aschafferiburg is the chief Southern terminal ooint for this barge traffic, and a considerable tonnage, largely consisting of coal frtri the Ruhr, is carried by water to this point and despatched frem here to Southern Germany.
The harbour consists of two dock basins, on the left bank of the J&in at the Western end of the town.
ASCHAFFENBURG (contd)
Railway Repair ShopsAschaffenburg(3)
These are medium sized repair shops undertaking the repair of goods wagons.
Railway Traffic Centre(3)
(2)
This includes small shunting, goods and marshalling yards.
Public Utility Services
A switching and transformer stationAschaffenburg(3)
(3)
on the 110 kV line operated by the Bayemwerk company is situated about 600 yards of the docks.
importance to the local industry.Ashaffenburg(3)
as is the Municipal Gas Works.As haffenburg(3)
Engineering and Armaments
Guldner MotorenwerkeAshaffenburg(3)
The Städtische Elektrizitätswerke (Municipal power station) is of some
<
X)
These works belong to the Gesellschaft fur Lindes' Eismaschinen A. G., Wiesbaden. They make a variety of machine and hand tools particularly for the motor vehicle industry as well as vertical gas engines of mediun h. p.
Aba WerkeAshaffenburg(2)
This firm makes precision tools and specialises in machine tools for aeroengine and aircraft component manufacture.
Approximately 650 workers are employed.
Mikron WerkAschaffenburg)
Ultra PrazisianswerkAschaffenburgj(2)
Johann FischerAschaffenburgj
The above are three of the largest among a number of factories in Aschaffenburg which make precision tools, gauges, and measuring instruments.
B. SeibertAschaffenburg(2)
This firm -as originally engaged in steel construction and bridge building. The plant is now being utilised for heavy repairs to A.F.V's and is said to employ sene 2,000 workers.
ASCHAFFENBURG (Contd) Armament Factory
Aschaffenburg(-)
It is reported that approximately 9 kms. to tho South of Aschaffenburg, a factory has been erected, which employs over 1,000 workers and makes U-boat screws and aircraft propellers. Confirmation of this report is lacking.
Aschaffenburg(3)
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper Zellstoffwerke
This is one of the main works of the Aschafferiburger Zellstaffwerke A.G. and manufactures cellulose and paper.
Buntpapierfabrik A.G.
Aschaffenburg (-)
They employ some 3>000 workers.
This is a large scale paper works which specialised before the war particularly in the manufacture of dyed and coloured papers.

ASCHERSLEBEN (Province Saxony)
51° 45' N. 11° 30' E: 500 miles: (40,000)
Aschersleben lies 20 miles to the South of Magdeburg on the plain immediately to the North of the Hartz Mountains. It is on an East to West railway line, which connects it directly with Halberstadt, Bernburg, Köthen and Dessau, the four other towns where important Junkers works are situated. The principal firm is Aschersleben is the Junkers factory described below. The normal peece-time industries include paper mills, engineering works, and the manufacture of woollen blankets. There are several brown coal mines in the neighbourhood, one of which, the Concordia, supplies fuel to the Aschersleben electric power station.
I
Public Utility Services
Power StationAschersleben(3)
The Concordia electric power station is a thermal plant with a capacity of 10 MW.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Junkers WerkeAschersleben(1)
This important factory of the Junkers concern concentrates mainly on the construction of fuselages for Ju.88's. The production capacity is believed to synchronise with the production of wing sets at Halberstadt. The fuselages are despatched to Bernburg •for assembly. Ju. 52 fuselages are also produced at Aschersleben. According to ground intelligence nearly 1,000 workers are employed.
Engineering and Armaments.
Deutsche Tiefbohr A.G.Aschersleben(2)
This firm specialises in the manufacture and installation of well-boring machinery and mining equipment. Some 800 workers were employed in 1939.
Billeter & KZLunzAschersloben(3)
This firm, which has an iron and steel foundry, manufactures machine tools particularly planers and grinders. Some 600 workers are employed.

AUE (Saxony)
50° 35' N. 12° 40' E: 555 miles: (26,000)
Aue is 10 miles South East of Zwickau. In peace-time the chief products are small cutlery and tin plate. In addition to the three factories mentioned below, there are several other smaller metal working firms in Aue which it is believed have now been turned over to making S.A.A. and small arm components. Other industries include the manufacture of shirts and cotton garments.
/NON-FERROUS
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrikation
Sächsische Blaufarbenwerke A.G.Aue and Oberschlema (2)
These are the largest German nickel smelting plants with a combined capacity of 2,000 tons of nickel per annum out of a total German capacity of 5,300 tons per annum, 1'he plant can refine about 200 tons of cobalt annually.
Engineering and Armaments
WellnerAue(2)
The Sächsische Metallwarenfabrik A. Wellner Söhne A.G. normally manufacture cutlery but are now converted to armament manufacture, and produce small arms components. They are reported to employ some 3,000 workers.
F.A. LangeAue(2)
This firm employ some 1,500 workers and is now producing small arms components, land mines etc. Their peace-time products were chiefly tin plate and small cutlery.
Hiltmann & LorenzAue(3)
The works of the Maschinenfabrik Hiltmann &
Lorenz A.G. specialise in iron and steel plate pressing machinery for all ranges of products, from steel helmets to heavy motorcar chassis frames. The plant operates a subsidiary factory at Niederschlema near Aue with a foundry, a crucible furnace of 6 tons capacity, for castings requiring high tensile strength. Sane 1,200 workers were employed before the war at the two works.
Hutschen-Reuter A.G.Aue(3)
This firm, which employed 300 workers before the war, is now specialising in M.G. belt sections for 25 mm anti-tank guns, in landmine casings, and in metal containers for naval ammunition.
Erdmann KircheisAuehaamer(3)
These works are tin plate stampers and pressers supplying in particular some of the smaller automobile factories. They employed some 1,000 workers before the war. It is believed that this number has been maintained and that the firm is now acting as a subcontractor of the Volkswagen works at Fallersleben. Auehammer is an outlying district of Aue.


AUERBACH (Saxony)
50° 30' N. 12° 25' E: 550 miles: (20,000)
Auerbach is 13 miles East of Plauen The town normally specialises in brocades, tapestry materials and similar products. There are no industries of importance.

12;
(2)
AUGSBURG (Bavaria)
48° 20' N. 10° 50' E: miles: (166,000)
Augsburg is 30 miles Northwest of Munich, and is an important traffic centre and railway Junction.
Apart from a few factories individually of considerable importance as producers of primary products for the armed forces there is no general industry of high priority in this area. Host of the large cotton weaving and spinning mills have closed down due to shortage of raw materials and to a Üe3ser extent labour shortage.
Transportat ion
13)
(3)
13)
Railway JunctionAugsburg (2)
Five important railmy lines meet in Augsburg.
It is on the main line frcm Munich through DonaiwCrth to North-West Germany, and a second trunk line leads westward frcm Augsburg to Ulm.
To the ^outh the main connection through South-West Bavaria to Lindau an Lake Constance, diverges frcm the Augsburg-Munich line South of the town. A further branch leads North Eastward to Ingolstadt.
Railway Repair ShopsAugsburg(2)
These are large works which are situated to the South of the Morellstr. Railway Station.
They undertake the repair of all kinds of rolling stock.
Public Utility Services
Städtische Gas WerkeAugsburg(3)
This is the main Augsburg Gas Works. It supplies the major part of Augsburg proper and most of the suburbs and in 193^ 3ales amounted to 46® million cubic feet of ga3.
The Lechtal Werke A.G.Gersthofen(3)
Operate at 25,000 kW. power statical at Gersthofen under the name Lech-Elektrizitäts-Werke A.G.

Messerschmitt A.G.b'aunstetterstr. (1+J
These are the parent works of the Messerschmitt concern, and are situated adjacent to an airfield two miles South of the city centre, on the way to Haunstetten. They have been considerably enlarged during the war and have no?/ five separate plants in this vicinity engaged on the design and production of their own types of fighter aircraft. More than 10,000 workers are employed. The Augsburg group of factories of the Messerschmitt company accounts for a large proportion of the total output of the 410 Messerschmitt type aircraft. The Augsburg works include the main research and experimental department, and are engaged on the design and production of the Messerschmitt prototypes.
Martin SchmittmerSchackstr.(2)
This firm specialises in air-frames and aircraft body components. They are reported among other products, to manufacture a large proportion of the total requirements of pilot seats for the Me. 210's and 41u's.
Bngineerlng and Armaments
M.A.N. Maschinenfabrikotadtbachstr. (l+j
The Augsburg works of the M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik A.G. are the largest single plant of this concern. They are situated in the Northern pert of the town. The M.A.N. are the leading German makers of Diesel engines, they produce all types and sizes of these, from complete U-boat Diesel propulsion units and diesels for other ships, to the types used in a.F.V's and military transport.
It is believed that some 10,000 workers are now employed at the Augsburg plant, which is of the highest importance to the German war effort. In the course of the war this plant has been completely reorganised and considerably extended. New workshops have been erected to the west of the factory site and factories adjacent to the North and North-West are believed to have been incorporated into the M.A.N. complex. A variety of armaments components are believed to be made in the new workshops, whilst the acquired buildings are used as stores, dv/ellings and repair shops.
U/
/ and
Keller & KnappichUlmerstr.
The works of Keller & Knappich G.m.b.H. specialise in peace-time in the construction of welded and rivetted tanks end large containers, and in pressings and stampings,
and netal tubing which were supplied to the WMesserschmitt aircraft works. They are now
reported also to make aero-engine and armament components, and to have a second plant engaged on components of U-boat Diesel engines. Two-thirds of the total of p,UOU workers employed by this firm are said to be engaged in this second plant, which is of recent construction and partly built underground but within the old factory site.
Eberle <5 Cie. A.G.Pfersee(3)
This firm specialises in the manufacture of watch springs, small band saws, and similar products, and is one of the leading firms in this branch.
Augsburger PedemfabrikBleichstr.
This firm, which rrmally manufactures light springs of all kinds, is now reported to be engaged mainly on components for aero engines.
Zahnräderfabrikhindehburgstr. [2)
TheZahnräderfabrik Augsburg A.G. vorm.
Joh. Senk, are makers of transmission units, gear boxes, and axles. Their works are in the South Western qu. ‘.er of the town. They  'employed approximately 1,000 workers before
the war.
L.a. KiedingerOttostr.(-J
The Siedinger Bronzewarenfabrik is situated close to the M.A.N. works, and formerly specialised in lamp fittings and similar bronze products. It is believed that this factory has now been incorporated into the M.A.N. complex.
Chemicals and Explosives
P.3. SilbermannHaunstetterstr. (3)
(1/
Textiles. Rayon. Pulp and Paper Ballonfabrik
Austr.
(2;
These chemical works are equipped with lerge scale testing and research laboratories, and employ some 2,000 workers. It was reported in 1942 that highly secret tests of a new type of poison gas and other chemical warfare materials were being carried out in these works. The works is believed to be fully active.
d
The Ballonfabrik Augsburg, which was formerly known as A. Hiedinger, is reported to be the largest balloon factory in Germary and to ^^
employ some 4,OCX) workers.
Baumwollspinnerei a. Stadtbach A.G. Augsburger Buntweberei Spinnerei & Weberei Pfersee A.G.
Stadtbachs tr,
• j
Wolfzahnstr. )
)
Augsburgerstr. )
(-)
These three firms are the most important of some twenty textile mills situated in Augsburg. No firm evidence regarding their present activity is available but it is believed that all three factories are now incorporated into the U.A.N. complex.

AUGUSTENTHAL (Westphalia)
51° 27' N. 7° 40' E: 335 miles: (1,000)
Two miles south of Aliena, the small town of Auguatenthal only has some 200 inhabitants but possesses a wire-drawing plant (a) and (b) a steel wirke said to be producing rpecial steel for precision tools ball-bearings, and cash-steel rods and (o) a wire-drawing plant also making spiral small springs for instruments, and small screws.
Engineering & Armaments

1)Ernst delve
2)R. & H. Plate
3)Friedrich Boesner

BADEN-BADEN (Baden)
48° 45' N. 8° 15' E: 420 miles: (33,000)
Baden-Baden lies some 20 miles South West of Karlsruhe. It is primarily a health resort, and has no industries of importance.

BAD-GODESBERG (Rhineland)
50° 45' N. 7° 10' E: 320 miles: (32,000)
Bad Godesberg lies a few miles to the South of Bonn on the main railway to Koblens. The town is chiefly noted as a health resort, and apart from a few small engineering works, has no industries of importance.

BAD-HOMBURG (Hesse Nassau)
50° 15' N. 8° 35' E: 390 miles: (19,000)
Bad Homburg is situated approximately 10 miles North of Frankfurt a. Main, on a branoh railway from Frankfurt to Friedberg. The town is chiefly a health resort, and apart from the important rubber works mentioned below, oontains no industries worthy of note.
Rubber and 'tyres
Peters-WerkeBad Homburg(2)
The Peters-Pneu-Renova-Werke specialise in the repair and retreading of tyres, and normally employ several hundred workers. The works are of considerable importance in this branch.

BAD-KREUZNACH (Rhineland)
49° 50' N. 7° 50' E: 370 miles: (30,500)
Bad Kreuznach is in the valley of the Nahe, and on the main railway from Cologne through Bingen to Saarbrücken. It is a Junction from which branch lines lead to Kaiserslautern, Neustadt and Mannheim. The town is well-known as a health resort, but contains a number of minor industries, including chemicals, leather and engineering. Apart from the two works mentioned below, none of these are of individual importance.
Engineering and Armaments
Seitz-WerkeBad Kreuznach(3)
The Seitz-Werke G. m. b. H. normally employ several hundred workers on the manufacture of filters, weighing machines, and all types of machinery for the wine industry.
They are probably now making small arms components and other war products suitable for this type of plant.
Leather
Ho the A.G.Bad Kreuznach (-)
The Lederwerke Rothe A. G. manufacture all types of leather products and normally employ some 300 workers.

BAD-OEYNHAUSEN (Westphalia)
52° 10' N. 8° 50' E: 385 miles: (15,000)
Bad Oeynhausen is on the main railway from Osnabrück to Hannover. The town oontains no important industries apart from that mentioned below.
Engineering and Armaments
EisenwerkBad Oeynhausen (3)
The Eisenwerk Weserhfltte A. G. employ some
2,000workers on the manufacture of all types of dredging and excavating machinery.

BAMBERG (Bavaria)
49° 50'  N. 10° 55' E: 495 miles: (57,000)

is,Bamberg is on the main railway from North Germany through
Coburg to Nürnberg and Munich. It is 30 miles North of Nürnberg. An important branch line leads Northwest from Bamberg to Schweinfurt. The town contains a number of small industries, including engineering works, textiles, and leather goods, but none are of importance.
Transportation
,Railway Repair ShopsBamberg(3)
-
These medium sized railway workshops are engaged on the repair and maintenance of goods wagons.
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper
KalikofabrikMussstr.(-)
The Bamberger F.alkiofabrik A. G. (which was formerly owned by the Winterbotham ,Book Cloth Co. , Ltcu of Manchester)
eaploys some 300 workers and manufactures oalioo.

BARMEN
See under Wuppertal.

BASDORF (Brandenburg)
53° 5' N. 13° 20' E: 580 miles: (10,000)
Basdorf is a small settlement 10 miles North of Berlin, on a branch railway line. Apart from the important works mentioned below, Basdorf has no other ihdustries.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
B.M.W.Basdorf(1)
These aircraft works were formerly known as the Brandenburgisehe Motorenwerke Gm.b.H. but have now been taken over by the B.M.W. concern of Munich. Some 10,000 workers are reported to be employed on the manufacture of high powered radial air-oolled ae_i o-engincs.

BAUTZEN (Saxony)
51° 10' N. 14° 30' E: 630 miles: (42,000)
Bautzen is in the Eastern area of Saxony, 30 miles East of Dresden and on the main railway from Dresden to Görlitz. There are a number of engineering firms, one of which is of considerable importance, and the town has also several textile factories, and a paper mill
which is mentioned below.
Engineering and Armaments
Waggon FabrikNeusohe-Promenade (2)
The Waggon und Maschinen Fabrik A. G. vorm. Busch belongs to the Linke-
Hoffmann conoem of Breslau. The oompany manufactures all types of railway wagons and electric locomotives, a3 well as lorries and uuses.
The plant inoludes an iron foundry which produces railway couplings and malleable castings. The annual capacity is reported to be 3,000 goods wagons, 300 passenger coaches, 1,000 lorries, 2,000 automatic cowlings', and 250 electric locomotives?' Some
2,000workers were employed in 1939.
(' Narrow gauge type.)
Johne-WerkSchtfferstr.(3)
The Johne-Werk A.G. employ some 500 workers on the manufacture of machinery for the paper, rubber and celluloid industries.
NowakMartin-(3)
Mutsohmannstr.
August Nowak A. G. are engaged on the production of wheels, axles, and other components chiefly for horse drawn vehicles. They are also reported to be experimenting in the use of plastios. This factory employs several hundred workers.
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper.
Papier-Fabriken A. G.Bautzen(-)
The Vereinigts Bautzner Papier-Fabriken A. G. have their main works in Bautzen, and a branch factory at Obergurig in Saxony. The company manufactures all types of paper and paper products, and enploys some 800 workers.
Food Stuff a
ZuokerfabrikBautzen
TJie Oberlausitzer Zuckerfabrik A.G. , whose parent works are at Lffbau in Saxony, have a sugar refinery at Bautzen, where several hundred workers are employed.

BAYREUTH (Bavaria)
49° 55' N. 11° 35' E: 525 miles: (45,000)
Bayreuth is 55 miles North East of NOmberg and is a junotion for several branch lines serving the district of Northeastern Franoonia. The town has a few textile works, of which the largest is mentioned below, but has otherwise no industries of importanoe.
It has been reported that the Messersohmitt company has two small branch factories at Bayreuth engaged on the development of new types of aircraft but firm evidence of such a development is lacking.
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper
WebereiTunnelstr.(-)
The Meohanieohe Baumwoll Spinnerie und Weberei A.G. Bayreuth, is a ootton spinning and weaving mill in pre-war days employing some 1,400 workers.

BELGRAD (Pomerania)
54° N. 16° E: 700 miles: (17,000)
Belgard is on the main railway from Stettin to Danzig. A [-)branch from Belgard serves the small coastal town of Kolberg, and
Belgard is favourably situated to form a railway junotion for the coastal settlements on this stretch of the Baltic. The town itself has no industries of importance.
Public Utility Services
KraftwerkBelgard(3)
This thermal power station is on the M.E.W. system, and has a capacity of 32 MW.

BENRATH (Rhineland) See under Düsseldorf.

BENSBERG (Rhineland)
50° 55' N. 7° 10' E: 320 miles: (16,000)
Bensberg lies at the end of a branch railway some 12 miles East of Cologne. Its principal activity is concerned with the lead and zinc mines in the Sauerland di/triot, on the Western edge of which the town is situated.
Non-ferrous metals
Berzelius Metallhutten G.m.b. H._(3)
Controlled by the Lie tall-gesellschaft A.G. of Frankfort/
Main this firm had a capacity of
18,000tons per annum of zinc metal.

BENSHEIM (Hesse)
49° 40' N. 8° 45' E: 405 miles: (16,000)
Bensheira lies on the main railway midway between Darmstadt and Heidelberg, and a branch line leads from Benaheim to Worms. The town is chiefly noted as a fruit growing oentre. It contains a few small paper and woodworks, none of which are worthy of note.

BERGEDORF (Hamburg)
50° 30' N. 10° 50' E: 460 miles: (20,000)
Bergedorf ie adjacent to the Vierlinder, a large market garden suburb of Hamburg and is situated 8 miles from the city on the main railway to Berlin. It is the chief centre for this vegetable market. Bergedorf oontains a few minor engineering firms and a small asbestos factory, but none are of individual importance.

BERGHEIM (Rhineland)
50° 57' N. 6° 40' E: 295 miles: (13,300)
This town lies about 12 miles due Y/est of Cologne. It embraces the neighbouring villages c? Nieder- and Oberaus son, Kenten, and Quadrath-Ichendorf.Its industry is small, with the exception of
the Fortuna and Nieder- Aussem power plants, the Fortuna mine, and an alumina plant at Kenten-Bergheim.
Public Utility Services
(1)
"Fortuna" KraftwerkQ'radrath
and
tee
This plant, owned by R.W.E. but controlled by "Rheinisches Elektrizitätswerk im Braunkohlenrevier A.G.", consists of two generating stations, Fortuna I and II. The plants have a capacity of 65 MIY and 140 M?'i per annum respectively. Brown coal is supplied from the adjacent Fortuna mine.
(2)
Nieder-Aussem KraftwerkKeideraus sera
This generating station, owned Sy the Braunkohlen u. Brikett-Fabrikation of Cologne, has a capacity of 51 MY.
Solid Fuela
(3)
"Fortuna" Briquette WorksQuadrath
These two briquette works are adjacent to the Fortuna power stations and are owned by the . Rheinische A.G. für Braunkohlenbergbau, u. Brikettfabrikation. They had in 1937 a daily output of 1,800 tons of briquettes.
"Fortuna" Brown Coal MineBetween
Oberhaussen and Quadrath(3)
This mine,, belonging to the Rheinische A.G. für Braunkohlenbergbau u. Brikettfabrikation, had, in 1937, a daily output of 10,000 tons of brown coal. Workers at that time in the mine and briquette works totalled some 700.
the
e
B11
Non-Ferrous total Manufacture and Ffu rioat'on
Aiumini .'11 Industrie A.G.Kenten-Bergheim (1)
(Martinswerk)
This company, Swiss-owned, but controlled since the war by VAWAG, is one of the largest plants of its kind in Germany.
Its annual capacity of alumina as per September 1943 was estimated to be
140,000tons or nearly 25fo of the total German production, and its workers are estimated to number some 4,000.

BERGISCH-GLADBACH (Rhineland)
51° N. 7° 15' E: 325 miles: (22,000)
Bergisch-Gladbach is situated on a branch railway some 12 miles East of Mtkhlheim. The town contains a few small engineering works, in addition to the firms mentioned below, and there are a number of paper and cardboard manufacturers, none of which are of importance.
Engineering ana Armaments
Hager & n'eidmainJacobstr.(-)
The engineering works of Hager &
7 e j-lmann A. G. normally employ some 200 workers on the manufacture of • generators, boilers, ovens, and all type3 of welding machinery.
Berger & Co. G'm.b,H.Bergisch-(-)
•Gladbach
This machine factory, whose equipment includes an iron foundry, manufactures machinery and installations of all types for the rubber, washing and brick industries, and particularly fettling shop equipment. The company normally employs some 300 workers.

BERLIN
52° 30' N. 13° 20' E: 580 miles: (4,400,000)
General Introduction
Berlin, the capital of the German Reich, and the third largest city in the world, is not only the political and economic adminis-Itrative centre of Germany, but ranks also as the most important
industrial and manufacturing city on the Continent of Europe,
The suburbs and built-up area extends from East to nest for some 20 miles, and from North to South approximately 17 miles. The administrative boundaries have been extended by the inclusion of surrounding districts to give a total area of 345 square miles.
The chief industrial areas lie firstly, to the North-west, including Spandau, Siemenstadt, Wedding, Tegel, and Reinickendorf, and secondly, to the South and South-east including Marienfelde, Tempelhof, and Johannistal, There are other well-established industrial areas, such as Lichtenberg and SchBneberg, which are respectively in the eastern and southern quarters of the city.
Further industrial extension is taking place in various outlying portions of the administrative area.
The course of the river Spree, which is navigable, runs approximately from South-east to North-west through the centre of the city.
At Spandau it joins the Havel, which flows from North to South along the western border of Berlin. The Teltow canal, which leaves the Spree near Treptow and runs through the Southern outskirts of Greater Berlin, Joins the Havel near Potsdam and forms a link to relieve the water-borne traffic through the centre of the city.
Great use has been made of the waterways around Berlin in order to connect the capital with the Elbe and the Oder. Large inland harbours have been constructed. The most important of which is the Westhafen, where 70 large ships can be loaded simultaneously. The Westhafen is connected with the Spree and with the Havel, which it ''Joins at Spandau. From the Havel (North-west of Berlin) ship
canals have been built giving direct access in the East to the Oder, and in the West to the Elbe. By this means navigable waterways connect Berlin directly with Stettin and the Baltic, and with Hamburg.
The main railway artery between Western and North-eastern Europe runs through Berlin. There are three large railway stations (';on this East to West line. In addition main lines radiate from five
other terminal railway stations to all parts of Germany. The local and suburban traffic is served by the electric Stadt- und Ringbahn, the extensive network of which extends over the whole area. This is supplemented by the large system of the Hoch- und Untergrundbahn, which runs partly underground and partly a3 an elevated railway, and ' by the tramway and bus services.
All the leading firms have administrative offices in Berlin.
These are largely concentrated in the central city area between Alexanderplatz and the Eastern end of Unter den Linden, and also in the neighbourhood of the Potsdamnerplatz.
Running South frcm the Western end of Unter den Linden is the Wilhelmstrasse, in which are situated the Chancellery, the War Office, the Air Ministry and other Government departments.

The principal shopping centres of Be:lin, which contain several large department stores, are Leipzigerstrasse, Alexanderplatz, and Tauentzienstrasse, in Charlottenburg.
Industries

The firmly established and significant position held by the industries of Berlin within the German productive machine is primarily due to their scope and diversity, both of which have been further developed during the war.
The electro-technical industry (including radio) still maintains its important and leading position and is represented by large firms of world-wide repute such as the A.E. G., Siemens & Halske A.G,,
Siemens Sehuckert A. G., and Teiefunken Ges. fur Drahtlose Telegraphie nub.H, Osram G.nub.H., and others.
The general engineering industry is also of substantial importance, as is shown by the well-known firms engaged in it, such as Rheinmetall Borsig A.G., Ambi-Budd Presswerke G.nub.H., Deutsche Industriewerke A.G., Berliner Maschinenbau A. G. (vomals L.Schwartzkopff), and Daimler-Benz A.G.; it is, in fact, Berlin's second-largest branch of industry' The aircraft industry is represented by B. It. '.'/.,
Domier, Heinkel.and Focke-Wulf, and general engineering by numerous makers of precision tool and of precision and optical instruments.
Berlin's chemical, clothing, and food industries, are also of more than local importance.
Industrial Areas
The chief industrial areas are located outside the Ringbahn, along the water and railway routes. These routes are arranged in three main belts:- the river Spree and the canals associated with it; the railway wliieh encircles the outskirts of the compact built-up area, i. e., the Ringbahn; and an outer ring of communications which consist of the Havel and 'fcgel See to the West, the Teltow canal from Potsdam to Köpenick to the South, and the Industrie Bahn to the North from Tegel to Lichtenberg.
An important fen ‘v re of the three outstanding industrial areas is that the'- _ onxy small residential areas in their immediate vicinity. In order of importance these are:-
(1)Spandau. C nrlottenburg, and Sicne.nstadt.
This \ve3t-central part of Berlin i3 of the highest importance.
Here there are very big blocks of factory buildings and also a special port. Among others, the electrical equipnent and cable •.works of Siemens & Halske A.G., Siemens Sehuckert A.G., A.E. G. Turbinenfabrik, the Ges. fur Elektrische Unternehmungen L.Loewe A. G. , Osran G.n.b.H,, and the 3. 'A W. are located there. The second and third largest of the BEWAG power stations are also in this area.
(2)Treptow and Sonor' ev.rtde.
The manufacture of electrical equipment of all kinds is predominant within this are , and, although the A.E.C. lias its largest individual plant at Brunnenstiasse, Wadding, the three most important electrical equipment and cable works of the company are to be found here. The most important of Berlin's non-ferrous metal plants and the main works of the important Accumulatorcn Fabrik A.G. (A. F. A. )

axe located in the Sch&neweide district. There are other engineering works, motor vehicle and metal works. The largest of the 3EWAG power stations is at Rummelshurg, near the Treptow area,
(3) Tegel, Wittenau, and Reinickendorf.
Important engineering and armamer.t-production plants are to be found here. The most prominent of these are the Doit tier and. the Heinkel aiix:raft-components factories, the Argus aero-engine factory, Maschinenfabrik Prometheus G.n.b. H., and the Deutsche Waffen- und Munitions- Fabriken A.G,
To the North there are many snail and scattered factories, the chief of which are at Lichteriberg, where Siemens Planiawerke and a number of other engineering works are located. To the South, at Mariendorf, Tempelhof and Britz, the chief factories lie on the South side of the Tempelhof airfield. Industries are also to be found on the Eastern outskirts of Neukölln.
The suburban areas, most of which lie far outside Berlin, have been developed mainly during the last twenty years. As a rule they are largely residential, but in sane cases industrial development has taken place. The greatest extensions have been made along the railways to the North-west towards Hennigsdorf and Oranienburg; to the North-cast to Bern&u: to the East beyond Mahlsdorf: to the South-east beyond Köpenick to Wildau; to the South to Lichtenrade: and to the South-west around the South of the liavel See to Potsdam.
a) West HarbourWest Harbour(1)
4+b) East HarbourEast Harbour(1)
c) Spandau-South HarbourSpandau-South
CRHarbour(3)
Transportation
the
Berlin is second only to Duisburg as an inland port. It has accomodation for vessels up to £31,000 tons and is connected by canal with most
,parts of Germany. The most important of the
nine large transhipment hartiours of Berlin are the East and West Harbours. The latter is the largest and most modern and consists of three basins with a granary, customs sheds,
, and ten warehouses. The East Harbour is a
development of the river bank with warehouses, granary, cold-storage plant, etc., (see also under "Foodstuffs").

Marshalling YardTempelhof
(1)
Passenger Stations Goods Yards
Tempelhof marshalling yard and the main Potsdamer and Anhalter passenger stations and their respective goods depots, carriage repair workshops, and loco depots, extend South from the inner city to Tempelhof suburb. The Anhalter station is East of the Potsdamer station, and is the terminus for services operating to Dresden, Halle, Leipzig, Frankfurt a/M, Bavaria,
Potsdamer station is the terminal point for main line service to Köln and the Rhineland via Magdeburg and Wuppertal,
Tempelhof goods depot with its adjacent railway facilities is located on the South side of the circular railway known as the "Ringbahn" and is one of a number of such goods depots serving the inner city.
Tempeihof marshalling yard has a throughout capacity of 3,000 wagons p>er 24 hours; during the inter-war period it was working at 85JL of capacity, but under war conditions it is probably working to full capacity and may be regarded as one of the vital rail targets of the Berlin area.
The main routes on which the target lies are:-to Dresden, Prague and Vienna to the South: to Leipzig, Halle, Mannheim to the South-west: and to Magdeburg, and Northern France (via Köln) to the West-South-West.
Railway Repair Shops
Tempelhof

The main locomotive depot, and large railway workshops were reported to employ some 5>000 pieople during the inter-war period. As a^ locomotive centre the workshops were reported to possess a large capacity and to be equipped for the handling of paassenger, freight and switching engines. Facilities for coach and wagon repair are said to be of medium capacity only. Approximately two-thirds of workshops area have been gutted as results of air attacks.
Grünewald
Marshalling Yard and Railway Repair Shops
This target includes the Westkreuz junction as well as a switching and rectifier station (junction of Stadtbahn end Ringbahn) and the electricity distribution station for these railways. The repair shops are engaged on goods-wagon and passenger-coach work and are believed to employ 1 ,700 workers.
/Putlitzstrasse
Putlitzstrasse, Lehrter and Spreeufer Moabit goods stations and Lehrter passenger station.
This is an important goods station with large storage facilities including grain silos and general goods stores (see also under "Foodstuffs").
(1)
Schlesischer station sidings,Schle3ischer-
workshops and goods yards.Bahnhof
This is one of the principal passenger stations of Berlin. The workshops are engaged in the repair of goods wagons and are believed to employ 2,300 workers. This target area includes the Ostkreuz station (Junction of Stadtbahn and Ringbahn) and the electricity distribution centre for these railways.
(1)
Friedrichstrasse StationFriedrichstrasse
The Friedricnstiasse tain- line passenger station and un erground station complex lies in the heart of the city. It is one of the principal passenger stations of Berlin. The area covered by this objective includes the crossirig of the Stadtbahn (East-West electric railway) over the river Spree, and beneath it the North-South Underground Station and the North South city line station. The latter line connects the terminal points of Stettiner station to the North with Potsdamer and Anhalter stations to the South.
(2)
Marshalling Yard, Goods Station andJohannisthal
0)
workshopsSchöneweide
The Johannisthal marshalling yards have a capacity of 4,200 wagons per 24 hours, handling traffic from the South-east,
Cracow, Breslau and Gleiwitz. Repair of rolling stock of all types is carried out in the railway workshops. The goods station which forms a small part of the target area has large storage facilities.
Railway Repair ShopsBerlin-
Schör.eweide
Repair and maintenance of electric motor vehicles for the Berliner Stadtbahn is carried out at these works by 3ome 3,000 workers.
/Marshalling Yard
BERLIN (conti.) liars nailing Yard
Rummelsburg
(3)
Rummelsburg Marshalling Yard has a capacity for 2,800 wagons in 24 hours. The yard is of primary importance, standing at a point where heavy traffic to and from the Northern parts of the eastern front comes into the Berlin suburban area. It is also an important transhipment centre.
Marshalling YardPankow
2,700 wagons per 24 hours is the normal capacity of the Pankow Marshalling Yards handling traffic for all points North of the city, Stettin and the Baltic coast.
Underground Railway WorkshopsWedding
This is a secondary repair and maintenance works of the Berlin Underground Railway system.
ft^
Gorlitzer StationNeukölln
The Gorlitzer passenger station is of some importance being the only sizeable station in this area.
(3)
(3)
(3)
Westend Goods Station
Charlo 11 enb urg
(3)
The 'iVe3tend goods station includes to the ‘ North a number of main line3 converging on Berlin1 s centre.
Marshalling Yard and Goods StationLiohtenberg
2,000 wagons can be handled at the Lichtenberg marshalling yards every 24 hours. Traffic is handled for Danzig and East Prussia.
Goods Station and Locanotive ShedsGesundbrunnen
This target consists of the Gesundbrunnen Junction, the Nordbahn Goods Yards, and a number of locanotive sheds.
Stettiner StationBerlin-Nord.
The Stettiner Bahnhof is one of Berlin's principal passenger and goods stations.
(3)
(3)
(3)
Underground Railway
Charlottenburg
(Ruhleben)
The Charlottenburg (Ruhleben) station is the principal repair depot of the Berlin Underground railway system. The station also includes a storage depot of considerable capacity.
/Alexander Platz.
Alexander PlatzAlexanderplatz
This target consists of a group of passenger stations.
Tramway DepotWedding:Between
Ufer and Gottsched station.
This is the central repair depot in Berlin.
Working in co-operation with the depot at Wittenau, all major repairs can be handled here.
Tramway Depot
Wittenau;
Between Cyclopstr. and Hermsdorferstr.
The Wittenau depot is engaged on the assembly of tram tracks, major repairs and reconstruction of trams and buses. The depot includes the main stores of the Berliner Verkehrs Betriebe.
Tranway DepotWedding
Möllers tr.
The Wedding tram depot is capable of housing 200 trams.
Tramway DepotBritz,
Grade str.
This is another large depot of the Berliner Verkehrs Betriebe.
Omnibus DepotTreptow
The Treptow depot is solely engaged on the repair and maintenance of buses. Some 2,000 workers are normally employed.
Tramway DepotLichtenberg
This is one of the main repair centres of the Berlin Tram company.
Tramway DepotBritz
The Britz depot of the Berlin Tram Company is mainly engaged on the repair and maintenance of motive power units.
PUBLIC UTILITY SERVICES
I.ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
Abbreviations
BKL Berliner Kraft- und
Liebt (3E.YAG)- A, G,
EWAG.Elektrowerke A. G.
MEWMärkisches ElektrizitätswerkA.G.
ESA.Elektrizitätswerk SädwestA. G.
General
The city is supplied from external sources chiefly by the EWAG and the MEW systems. The BKL BE..AG) controls all the main power stations in the city. The total capacity of the generating stations is 1,250 MW.
External Supply
There are two main outside systems of supply to the city. The first, the EWAG system, supplies current from Golpa-Zschornewitz and Trattendorf. These lines enter Berlin at Spandau and at Rummelsburg and thence are linked up to the BKL BEiYAG) system. Two lines come from Trattendorf; one skirts the northern suburbs and enters at Spandau, the other connects with BKL BEWAG) system at Friedrichsfelde.
The other i3 the MEW system, which encircles Berlin and introduces current from the power stations at Finkenheerd, Finow, and Hennigsdorf.
Berliner Kraft- und Licht (BEiYAG)- A.G.
"Deutsche Edison" was founded in 1883 and in the following year was granted a concession to supply electrical current to part of the city of Berlin. This concession was transferred to the Städtische Elektrizitätswerke on its formation. Later, this company became the Berliner Elektrizitätswerke (BE.V), and the concession was extended to cover the whole of the city of Berlin.
In 1915 the city itself took over the direction of the firm under the name Städtische Elektrizitätswerke Berlin (STEW), but this was again altered in 1923 to Berliner Städtische Elektrizitätswerke Akt. Ges. (BEWAG).
In 1931 the Berliner Kraft- und Licht-Aktiengesellschaft (BKL) was formed to administer the electrical, installations owned directly by the city and those owned by BEiYAG. The BEWAG capital was transferred to the new company and two other Berlin companies - Elektrowerke A.G. (SWAG) and Preussische Elektrizitäts Aktiengesellschaft-also became shareholders of the new company.
Finally, in 1934, BEiYAG and BKL were completely amalgamated to form the present Berliner Kraft- und Licht (BEWAG) - A.G.
In 1938, BKL BEiYAG) - the new company - acquired the firm of Elektrizitätswerk Sädwest A.G. (ESA) and so widened it3 territorial interests to Schflneberg, Wilmersdorf and
Public Utilities (Electricity)
Schmargendorf. In the same year, as a result of an agreement made in 1928. it acquired from Märkisches Elektrizitätswerk A.G. (MEW) territorial interests in Dahlem, Lankwitz, Lichtenrade, Mariendorf, Südende, and Tempelhof. Thus 3KL (3EWAG) acquired the interests in the whole of the city as far as the small outlying districts of Wannsee and Buch. The company claims that this is the largest system of electrical manufacture and distribution in any one city in the world.
BKL BEWAG power stationKlingenberg(1+)
This is the largest of the thermal power stations owned by the Berliner Kraft- und Licht (BEWAG) -A.G. , which supply electricity to the Berlin area. Built in 1926/28, it operates on base load and has an installed capacity of 270 MY. but is designed for an ultimate capacity of 540 MV. It i3 situated on the North bank of the river Spree in the South-east of the city on a site of 50 acres; the main control room for the BKL BEWAG) system is in the nine-storied office block which also houses large water tanks on its top floor.
Prom a 50 kV switch house at least 48 three-phase 30 kV underground cables are operated in pairs and are connected to different substations in the Berlin area. There is also a 30 kV connection to the adjacent 81 MV. Rummelsburg station.
BKL BEWA& power stationBerlin-West(1+)
This station is the second largest of the BKL BEWAG) system and has an installed capacity of 228 MV. Built in 1929/1932, it i3 situated on the North bank of the river Spree in the western area of the city near the Siemens works at Siemenstadt. It was originally operated mainly to supply part of the Berlin day load, the night load being supplied by the Klingenberg station and by long-distance transmission from the large brown-coal-fired stations at Golpa-Zschomewitz, Trattendorf, Lauta, Pinkenheerd, and elsewhere. The small Unterspree power station is situated 300 yards to the South-west, on the bank of the Spree. The main supply at 30 kV from the station is through underground cables to the Berlin city network via the 30 kV switch house. Supplies are also given direct to the nearby Siemens works. In addition to auxiliary supplies 3ome small local supplies are probably given at 6.3 kV via the 6.3 kV switch house.
BKL BEWAG power station .Charlottenburg(1)
This thermal power station, owned by BKL BEWAG), has an installed capacity of 109 MW. Built in 1900, it was completely reconstructed in 1925 in two sections, of which one, with a capacity of 59 MW. , operates on base load, while the other plant, which has a capacity of 50 MW. , meets the peak load. It is situated in the western area of the city, on the North bank of the
BKL HEY/AG) power stationCharlottenburg
(contd.)
river Spree. There is a 30 kV substation containing twelve G/30 kV transformers of a total capacity of 116 MW. and ore 30/3 kV inter-bus transformer of 8 M11. capacity. Local supplies are connected by underground cables to Spandau,
Knie, the Sianens works, Moabit, and to the nearby 100 kV. substation. The 100 kV substation connected the Berlin 30 kV underground cable systan with the 100 kV transmission system. One 100 kV line goes to Spandau, 6 miles to the Northwest, and one to Moabit, from there continuing to Friedrichsfelde substation (9 miles East of Charlottenburg). The electrical output is supplied to Berlin. Steam is also supplied at 281 lbs/sq.in. for a district-heating system.
BKL BEWAG power stationRunaelsburg
This station is situated in Surmelsburg, a suburb in the South-east of Berlin, on the North bank of the river Spree within £ mile of the Klingenberg station and has an installed capacity of 81 MW.
A 100/30 kVA substation close to the generating plant transforms 100 kV supplies from the EWAG grid to 50 kV for local distribution. One 100 kV double-circuit line goes to the Friedrichsfelde substation, 4 miles to the North, and one to Golpa-Zschornewitz.The substation serves for
local distribution at 30 kV rather than for supplying electricity externally.
A 6/30 kV substation connects the 100/30 kV substation to the generating station, and contains at least two 6/30 kV transformers each of 18 MW, capacity; it connects the generating station to the 30 kV grid of the Berlin area and with the 100/30 kV substation it also serves for local distribution at 6 kV.
BKL BEY/AG power stationKoabit
This is one of the oldest stations of the BKL 3EWAG) system supplying the Berlin area and has an installed capacity of 81 MW. It is operated for peak load and standby purposes. It is situated in the North-west central district on the Schiffahrt3-Kanal and consists of 2 parts; these are composed of a large number of reconditioned old units or replacements, which made identification of plant difficult.
A substation for 100/30 kV steps down the supplies received through the 100 kV grid for distribution over the Berlin 30 kV grid. The substation is partly open air and partly in the old engine house; it contains at least 5 transformers each of 16 MW.
Long distance 100 kV lines pass to Spandau, 7 miles distant, and to the Friedrichsfelde substation, 8 miles East of Moabit. A 6/30 kV substation gives supplies to the Berlin 30 kV grid. Local distribution is also at 6 kV.
BKL BEWAG power station'Wilmersdorf
This station on the BKL BEWAG system is situated at Wilmersdorf, a South-western suburb of Berlin close to the Rudolsthdterstrasse, and has an installed capacity of 62 MW. This station was built by ESA in about 1905 and supplies the South-western area of Berlin. It is believed that the Wilmersdorf station is now used by BIX (SEWAG) for standby purposes only. An A. C./D. C. converter plant is attached to the station. The city of Berlin is supplied at 6.6. kV and at lower voltages, and supplies are also given to the underground railways.
It is possible that this station has been connected by BKL BSWAG) to the 50 kV Berlin grid and that a 30/g kV substation has been added to serve as a local distribution centre.
BKL BEWAG) power stationSpandau
This station on the BKL 3EWAG) system is situated on the Havel See near Spandau, a North-west suburb of Berlin and has an installed capacity of 56 MW.
The generating plant is used for standby and peak load only.
One double ciruit line goes to Trattendorf, one to Brandenburg (there connecting to Golpa-Zschomewitz and Diesdorf), and one to Charlobtenburg. There is a 100 kV connection to Henningsdorf (5 miles to the North).
Local supplies are given at 6 kV, and to the Berlin grid at 30 kV.
This station contains one of the main substations in Berlin. It has at least two 100/30 kV transformers, each of 16 !.IW. capacity and transforms the supplies received from Wie 100 kV grid to 30 kV for local distribution.
It is the terminus of the 220 kV line which was partially constructed before the war and is now probably completed; starting at Bra uw eil er, the line reaches Spandau via Koepehenwerk, Bielefeld, Lehrte, Harbke, Diesdorf (Magdeburg), and Brandenburg; a distance of 385 miles by this route.
E'.VAG switch stationFriedrichsfelde
This important switch station is owned by E'WAG and is situated on the east side, of the city. Two 100 kV lines from Golpa-Zschomewitz and Trattendorf power stations pass to Berlin. It is also connected to the Moabit and Rummelsburg transforming stations. The elimination of this station would seriously affect the city's external supplies and it i3, therefore, an important target.
Public Utilities (Electricity)
3KL BEWAG power stationUnterspree
This station on the EKL BEWAG system is situated on the South bank of the river Spree opposite to the Berlin-V.'est station, and has an installed capacity of 36 MW. It supplies the underground railway system.
BKL BEWAG power stationSchßneberg
This station, built by ESA, is now on the EKL (BEWAG) system and is situated in the Schßneberg district, to the South of the city and 2 mile East of the Yfilmersdorf station. It is a reserve plant and has an installed capacity of 20 MW.
BKL BEWAG power stationOberschBnenweide
This station had a capacity of 36 MW. It was closed down in 1933 and converte1 to a 30/6 kV transformer station.
II GAS SUPPLY General
Up to 1939 gas supply in 3erlin was undertaken by two companies, the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke A. G. , with works at
Charlottenburg Danziger Str.
Lichtenberg
NeukBlln
Tegel
leased to the company by the Municipality, and the Gasbetriebsgesellschaft A.G, , a subsidiary of the Deutsche Gasgesellschaft A.G. , with works at
Gitschinerstr.
Schftneberg
Mariendorf
In 1936 the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke sold 390,600,000 cu.ro, of gas and the Gasbetriebsgeselischaft 133 million cu.m.
In 1939 the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke (Gasag) took over from the Deutsche Gasgesellschaft the operation of its three Berlin works, and thus unified ga3 supply in the city. In Greater Berlin there still remained, however, two independent municipal gas-distributing concerns, those at Niederbamim and Teltow, Of these the former obtains gas from the GASAG, and the latter from the Potsdam works of the Deutsche Continental-Gas ^-Gesellschaft.
Municipal GasworksCharlottenburg
The gasworks is leased by the Municipality to the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke A.G. and is situated just East of Jungfernheide Station. It is bounded in the North by the railway, East by the Verbindungskanal, and South by Gausstrasse. The area of the site is 13i acres. M&xinnm daily capacity is estimated at 300,000 cubic metres of gas per day, while normal annual output is about 60 million cubic metres. Electricity supply is taken from the town supply at 3,000 volts A.C., which is converted to 220 volts (D.C. ) for the old part of the works, to 380 volts (A. C.) for power, and to 220 volts (A.C. ) for lighting. Water is drawn from the adjacent Canal.
Municipal GasworksDanziger Str.
The gasworks is leased by the Municipality to the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke A.G. and is situated immediately to the West of Weissensee Station; it is bounded in the North by the railway, South-west by Danziger Strasse, and South-east by Greifswalder Strasse. The area of the works is 2L hectares.
/Maximum
Berlin  conta.
Municipal Gasworks (conti. )
Maximum daily capacity is estimated at
370.000cubic metres of coal gas and
100.000cubic metres of water gas.
Electricity i: taken from the tjwn supply at 6,000 volts and trar.sfoimed at the works to 220 volts. toter is obtained
' fron 2 wells by pumps.
Municipal GasworksLichtenberg
The gasworks is leased by the Municipality to the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke A.G. and is located East of the river Spree and just South of Purrmelsburg goods station.
It also adjoins the Klingeriberg power station.
The plant has been completely rebuilt since 1934. Maximum daily capacity is estimated at 300,000 cubic metres per day; annual output is probably between 90 and 100 million cubic metres. There is a by-product plant for sulphate of ammonia.
Municipal Gasworks 'Neukölln
Tire gasworks is cased by the Municipality to the Berlin Städtische Gaswerke A.G. and is located in the angle formed by the Schiffahrtskanal just North of Kaiser Friedrichstrasse station. It is bounded on the North by the canal, on the East by the railway, and on the South by the Kaiser Friedrich Strasse.
There are 2 holder stations, one at Fanner'' strasse (4 holders) just South-west of the gasworks, the other at Fichtestrasse (-4 holders) which is immediately East of Kaiser Friedrich Platz.
The gasworks covers an area of approx. 75,000 square metres. Maximum daily' capacity is
400.000cubic metres of gas per day; normal annual output being about 100 million cubic metres.
There is also a water-gas plant and a sulphate of a'inonia plant.
Municipal GasworksTegel
Leased by the Berlin. Municipality to the Berliner Städtische Gaswerke A.G. The gasworks is situated on the East side of the Tegeler See and stretches eastwards from the lake along the North side of Berbauer Strasse to the railway, South of Tegel station. Maximum daily capacity is estimated at 616,000 cubic metres of coal gas and 240,000 cubic metres of water gas.
There are by-product plants for sulphuric
acid ("chamber" process) and sulphate of
ammonia. Electricity supply is taken from
the town system at 6,000 volts and is
converted to 470 volts for power and 220 volts
for lighting. Water is obtained from artesian wells.
Formerly owned by the Deutsche Gasgesellschaft, this gasworks is situated at Gitaohinerstrasse 19/31, Berlin, S.W.68.
Maximim daily capacity is estimated 50,000 cubic metres of coal gas per day. The gasworks also has a water gas plant.
Municipal GasworksSchOneberg(3)
Formerly owned by the Deutsche Gasgesellschaft, the^gasworks are situated Southwest of Schoneberg railway Station at the intersection of the Potsdam line with Berlin circular railway (Ringbahn). Kaxuiuan daily capacity is estimated at 100,000 cubic metres of coal gas and 50,000 cubic metres of water gas. There are four gasholders.
itmicipal GasworksMariendorf(l)
Formerly owned by the Deusche Gasgesellschaft the gasworks is situated just South of the Teltow Canal, on the Bast side of tjae railway, and is bounded on the South by Lankwitzer Strasse.
Maximun daily capacity is estimated at about
650,000cubic metres of coal j^s and 250,000 cubic metres of water gas. There are two principal gasholders. The works has its own water supply sys ton.
III.Water Supply.
Water WorksLichtenburg(3)
Berlin's principal waterworks,
Städt Wasser WerkeTegel(3)
The Tegal Water works is one of the largest in the Berlin area.
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Deutsch Amerikanische Petroluon Ges.Tempelhof'3)
Saalburgerstr.
Oil storage depot with a capacity 33,900 tons in 18 tanks. Processing also takes place here but only an a small scale. Heavy fuel oils, lubricating oil and motor spirit are usually the main types in storage.
/Deutsch
Deutsch Amerikanische Petroleum G' s.Plotzensee,
SAatwinkler Dann
Oil-storage depot with L large tanka. It act3 as a filling station and includes a small M.T. repair works.
Ehenania Ossag Mineral Oelwerke A.G.r.pandau
Rhenaniastr.
Oil-storage depot with a capacity of 20,000 tons.
"Alminag" Allgemeine Mineralöl u.Spandau
Asphalt K.G.Rauchstr.
"Betalag" Berliner Tanklager K.G.
Oil-storage depot consisting of about 30 tanks of various sizes.
Rhenania Ossag Minerolwerke A.G.Ruranelsburg
Oil-storage depot with a capacity of 21 ,000 tons. Non-ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrioation
Admos, Allgemeines Deutsches MetallwerkBerlin-
G.m.b.H.Obersohoneweide
Wilhelmshofstr.
This factory produces bronze and lead-alloy castings aid pressings, and special manganese-bronze. The works include an important research and development plant engaged on evolving speoial alloys for munition factories. At the given address are also domiciled the Admos Bleibronze Dr. Springorum K.G. and the Admos Rubel-Bronze Vertrieb Dr. Springorum & Co. K.G.
Deutsche Messingwerke Carl EvekingBerlin-Nieder-
schoneweide, Berlinerstr.
This works produces brass, copper and light-metal alloys; semi-finished and finished products, chiefly castings and pressed parts for aircraft, aero-engines, and other purposes. Its alloy capacity is believed to be between 7,300 and 10,000 tons per annum.
Zinkwalzwerk ReinickendorfG.m.b.H.Berlin-Reinicken-
b)Hirsoh Kupfer- u. MessingwerkA.G.dorfmfest.
c)Ruhrstahl A.G.Berliner and
Kienhorststr.
These three firms are on one site. A & B are engaged on zinc and aluminium rolling; whilst C is an iron
and steel storage depot.
Hüttenwerke Kayser A.G.Berlin-Nieder-
schoneweide Spreestr.
This copper refinery lias a capacity of 20,000 tons of copper per annum. It includes a copper fabricating plant and rolling mill producing rods, bars etc. The main works of the Hüttenwerke Kayser is at Lftnen.
Zihkhüttenwerke/

Zinkhuttenwerke öberspreeBerlin-Ober schone- (3)
weide.
Both sides of Tabbertstr. and W. side of Nalepastr.
This is a small zinc smelting and refining establishment.
Durener Metallwerke A.6.Berlin-Wittenau(2)
This is a branch factory of the Düren firm and, like the parent plant, it is mainly engaged on the production of light-metal alloys for the aircraft and other industries. It is an important maker of air-screws.
:lApag" Aluminium PrazisionsgussBerlin-Neubabels- (3)
bergy
Apag specialises in the production of light-alloy castings including bodies for magnetic mines.
Aircraft and Aero-Engines .
B.M.W. Plugmotorenwerk Brandenburg G.m.b.H. Berlin-Spandau (1 )
The Spandau works of B.M.W. is reported to employ more than 4,000 workers, It is mainly engaged on the manufacture of aero-engines and components which are supplied to the works at Basdorf.
Argus Motoren G.m.b.H.Berlin-Reiniak- (2)
endorf
Flottenstr.
Medium h.p. air-cooled aero-engines, propellors, aircraft wheels, brakes, hose-pipes, and ooupllngs, rudder bars, and a variety of other aircraft components, are the principal products of this factory.
Henschel Flugzeugwerke A.G.Berlin-(2)
Johannisthal
The Johannisthal plant of Henschel i3 er^aged on the manufacture and assembly of Hs.129 and Hs.130.
Hugo Heinea) Berlin-Lichten- (2)
berg
b) Berlin-Priedrichs-hain. Warschauerstr.
Wooden and metal variable-pitch airscrews are made on a fairly large 3cale at the factories of Hugo Heine.
Focke-Wulf Flugzeugbau G.m.b.H.Berlin-Johannisthal(2)
Segelfliegerdanm
This plant has been engaged on the manufacture of wings and other conq>onents for F.W.200's.
Elektron/
- 4-3 -
Elektron Co. G.m.b.H.Eerlin-Gpandau(2)
Potsdameratr.
Light-metal (magnesium) castings, asro-ergine pistons, fuselage parts, landing wheels, trailing wheels, undercarriage parts, and hydraulic apparatus are believed to
be produced by the Elektron Compare on a large scale.
Norddeutsche Dornier-Werke G.m.b.H.Berlirwieinioken (3)
dorf. Waldstr.
Ground reports suggest that sane 500 workers are employed at this factory on the manufacture of gjnn components for the Wismar works cl this company.
Heinkel-Werke G.m.b.H.-Berlin-Reinicken- (3)
dorf-Ost
Machining of parts for the Heinkel factory at Oranienburg is believed to be the sole activity of this relatively small works.
Luftfahrtgerätewerk Hakenfelde G.m.b.H.Berlin-Opandaii(3)
Streitstrasse
A small variety of aircraft dashboard instruments
are produced by this firm.
Rotadisk G.m.b.H.Berlin-Keinioken- (3)
dorf Ost
Airoraft wheels and brakes are reported to be the principal commodities turned out by Rotadisk.
'Weser FlugzeugbauBerlin-Tenpelhof(3)
The modification oentre of this firm at Berlin--Tempelhof may have been extended and have taken up the"assembly of Ju. 87 aircraft.
Flugzeugreparaturwerk Rudcw G.m.b.H.Berlin-Adlershof(3)
This is an aircraft and aero-engine repair depot working on a variety of types.
Jordan Bremsen A.G.Berlin-NeukBlln(3)
Lannstr.
Airbrakes and compressors are believed to be the main if not sole products of this company.
Gesellschaft für Luftfahrtbedarf (G.F.L.)Teltow(2)
These are the headquarters of the oentralised German control organisation for the supply of spare parts and materials for the aircraft industry.
Heinkel/
j' (2)
HeinkemVerke G,m.b.H.
Oranienburg-(1 j
Annahof
;o
Construction and assembly of milti-engined bombers particularly He.177 and längs for the Ju. 88 are undertaken at this works whioh is reported to ec$>loy 8-10,000 workers.

IT.
HensohelFlugzeugwerke A.G.Schonefeld-Ubek, (1)
Berlin-Grunau (N. end of Aerodrome)
Design and construction of Ju. 88 aircraft is undertaken at this factory which is reported to enqploy 7,500 workers.

Robert Bosch G.m.b.H.Klein-ijachnow(2)
This is a factory of the well-Jcnown Stuttgart firm.
Magnetos, ignition equipment, spark plugs, coils, distributors for aircraft, are among its principal products. It has been reported that fuel-injection pumps are also produced here.
Bücker Flugzeugbau G.m.b.H.Rangsdorf(3)
This factory is reported to be making Bücker types of single-engine trainers as well as gliders.
It is believed to employ some 2,000 workers.
Hirth Motorenbau V/altersdorf G.rub.H.Waltersdorf(3)
Berlin-Teltow

Hirth Motoren are engaged on the production of aeroengines and the assembly of aero-engine superchargers. Estimated personnel 2,000.
Junkers Flugzeug & Motorenwerke A.G.Schönebeck(2)
$
Air-frame cooyonents and water-cooled aero-engines are the products of the Schönebeck branch of the Junkers oorapany. Estimated personnel >2,000.
Arado Flugzeugwerke G.m.b.H.Babelsberg-(2)
Potsdam
This works makes air-frame components for the Brandenburg factory and is believed to employ some 39000 workers.
A.E.G.Wildau(3)
Ground reports suggest that this factory is engaged on the production of air-frame components.
Approximately 1 ,000 workers au-e believed to be employed.
Mechanische /
Aircraft armament fittings, e.g. machine-gun mountings, bomb and aerial-torpedo release gear, small aerial bombs, etc. are believed to be the principal products of this plant which has been reported to employ some 700 workers.
Propellerwerk Gustav Schwarz K.G.Berlin-Waid-(3)
mannslust,
Oraniendamm
This firm is solely engaged on the production of metal and wooden blades for variable pitch propellers, but its output is believed to be small.
Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshaf en A.G.Wittenau(3)
This is a relatively small factory of the well known Friedrichshafen firm.
Henschel-Flugzeugwerke A.G.Schonefeld(3)
(Uber Berlin-Grunau) S. end of Aerodrome.
Aircraft repair depot.
Flugzeug Reparaturwerke, Alfred Friedrich Strausberg near (3)
Berlin
Aircraft and aero-engine repair depot.
Engineering and Armament
Rheinmetall Borsig A.G.Berlin-JTegel(1 )
This very important works normally employs some
25,000workers and, in one of its rim in departments, specialises in the produotion of general engineering plant. The major part of the works is believed now to be engaged on the mass produotion of field guns,
A.A. and A.T. guns, machine guns, amnunition for field and A.A. guns, torpedoes, mine bodies, aerial bombs, tank and A.F.V. components, forgings, drawing presses for shell production, etc.
Ambi-Budd Presswerke G.m.b.H.Berlin-Johsnnistal (1)
This factory employs several thousand workers and is the leading German producer of pressings of all types for motor transport, A.P.V's, tanks, etc. The site of this factory includes Ford's Berlin factory.

A.E.G. Cable Works (Allgemeine Elektrizitäts Berlin-Oberschone- (1 ) Gesellschaft) (Kabelwerk-Oberspree)weide (Ober3pree)
A very wide range of electric cables including gas- and oil-filled cables together with associated goods, -wireless apparatus, telephone and telegraph apparatus; insulators, transformers, high-tension switch gear and protective devioes; steam turbines (including the largest types), condensers, reduction gears, turbo-^rumps, arxl boiler feedpumps, blowers, eto., are made at this important works on a large scale. The plant includes mechanical and physical testing laboratories and is the largest German cable manufacturing works and the only German firm making gas-filled cables.
A.E.G. transformer Works (Metallwerke Ober spree)(-)
The Metalwerke Oberspree making transformers and high-tension switch gears, etc., is included in the factory site of the above works.
A.E.G. MaschinenfabrikBerlin-Wedding(1 )
Brunnenstr.
This plant is known as the Brunnenstrasse Y/erke of A.E.G.
It specialises in the manufacture of electric submarine engines and motors, generators, resistances, fuses, fans, dust extractors, light-railway equipment, cranes, and pumps.

Siemens Planiawerke A.G. für Kohlefabrikate Berlin-Liohteriberg (i)
Lichteribergerstr.
This is the leading German producer of carbon electrodes.
Siemens-Echuokert Werke A.G.Berlin-Garten-(1)
feld
Cccmonly known as the Kabelwerk Gartenfeld this works is mainly engaged on making cables and insulated and uninsulated wire of all kinds for the transmission and distribution of electric power; also electrical machines, and apparatus of a fairly wide range.
Siemens & Halske A.G.Berlin-Siemenstadt (1)
This works is commonly known a3 Wernerwerk, It is the leading German producer of telephone and telegraph equipment, signalling apparatus, apparatus for transformers and oil switches, electric clocks, photographic equipment, eleotric measuring apparatus of many kinds, relays and heating elements, television and broadcasting sets, measuring instruments for the chemical industry eto. It is situated on the North bank of the river Spree adjacent to the Western outskirts of Berlin and also adjacent to the important cable works of Siemens-Schuckert A.G. at Gartenfeld.
Siemens-Schuckert/

Siemens Sohuckertwerke A.G.
Berlin^Jiemenstadt (1)
This works area includes the following Siemens-6ohuckert factories:- Schaltwerk, Dynamowerk, Elektromotoreiwerk, Metalgiesserei, Kleinbauwerk, Kabelwerk, and Metallwerk.
The principal products of this group of factories are power aid lighting installations, including power-station gensrators, rotary converters, transformers, condensers, rectifiers, dynamos, switch gear, electric motors of many kinds (including submarine motors), heating apparatus; radio valves, photo-electric oella; furnaces and electrolytic plant, automatic current regulators for furnaces; electrical equipment for submarines, torpedo discharge gear; electrioal equipment for hydrogenation plants, etc. Next to Bosch at Stuttgart this is also the largest concentration of production of ignition generators and sparking plugs. The factories are situated on the North bank of the Spree adjacent to the Western outskirts of Berlin, and next to the important oable works of Siemens-6ohuckert A.G. at Gartenfeld.
Aooumulatoren Fabrik A.G.Berlin-ObersohBne- (1 )
weide.
This is the main A.F.A. works in Berlin and it has a considerable output of accumulators, accumulator components and dry batteries.
Deutsche Waffen- und Munitions-Fabriken A.G. 1 )Berlin, Wittenau)
Borsigwalde)
I-hchborndflmm) (1)
2)Eichborndanm)
3)Eichborndanm/
All three Berlin works of the Deutsche Waffen und Munitions Fabriken A.G. are engaged on the manufacture of machinery and installations for the production of ammunition. In addition they make machine guns, small arms, and S.A.A. as well as precision tools and other engineerii^ products. The three works together are believed to enploy about 5,000 workers.
Deutsche Industriewerke A.G.Berlin-Spondan(1 )
Freiheit
Several thousand workers are believed to be employed by this plant on the manufacture of speoial machinery
for the production of motor vehiolea and locomotives; tools, Jigs, and metal castings, including light-alloy castings; also gun o opponent a, small arms, as well as plunger-type aircraft punps.
Berliner/
The factory is at Wildau near Konigswusterhausen, about 17 miles South-east of Berlin. All types of main-line steam locomotives are made, also Diesel models. The estimated pre-war oapaoity was 100-120 ls per annum and there were 2,000-2,500 employees.
This firm has another works at Berlin-Wedding.
Borsig Lokcmotivwerke G.m.b.H.Hennigsdorf (1)
These works, situated about 2 miles South of Hennigsdorf, produce all types of main-line steam locomotives and eleotrio locomotives. They are estimated to have had a pre-wrar capacity of 100-120 locos per anntsn and .to have employed 1 ,500-2,000 workers on loco, construction.
Scheringstr,
(1)
Berliner Maschinenbau A.G. (vorm.L.Sohwartzkopff) Wildau
(D
(1)
Preoision machine tools; torpedo conponents, gyroscopes.
depth-setting gears, propeller components; electric torpedoes; air compressors for submarines; and a variety of other armaments are madp at the Wedding works of the Berliner Maschinenbau A.G. on a large scale. This plant works in conjunction with the firm's main establishment at Wildau.
Daimler-Benz A.G.Berlin-(1)
(0
Marienfelde
Berliner Maschinenbau A.G. (vorn.L.Schwartzkopff )Berl±n-i,edding(l )
The Berlin-Marienfelde works of the Daimler-Benz A.G. is primarily engaged on the manufacture of D.B. aeroengines and tanks, tractors and lorries; also Diesel engines, naval supersonio-wave apparatus,and other armaments. They are reported to employ over 8,000 workers.
Knorr-Bremse A.G.Berlin(1)
Rujnnelsburg
This firm specialises in the produotion of compressed air brakes; it also has a considerable output of equipment for submarines; maohine guns; compressors, rail and tramway material, eto. and may still be making narrow-gauge locomotives on a small scale. It is situated to the North-east of the Ostkreuz station and facing on Hirsohbergerstr.
Acker str.
Pallas Apparate G.m.b.H.Berlin-Wedding(l )
This is one of Germi^y' a leading makers of carburettors, especially for aero-engines, and it is also an important producer of fuel-inJeotion pumps and other engine

Mix/
Mix and Geneat A.G.Sohoneberg(2)
Genest str.
This important firm makes a wide range of telephone, telegraph, and eleotrioal signalling equipment, wireless sets, dictaphones; also pneumatic tools. It is believed to employ about 3,000 workers,
Ges.für Elektrische Unternehmungen A.G.Httttenstr.(1^
(formerly L. Loewe)
Eleotric fire-control instruments, electrio firing meohanisms, range finders and a wide range of other eleotrical instruments abe the principal products of this main works of the 'Gesfürel" .company. It is reported that about 5,000 workers are now employed by this firm in its three Berlin works.
A.E.G. Apparatefabrik TreptowBerlin-Treptow(l)
Hofftnanstr.
Low-tension 3witch-gear and protective devices; wireless apparatus, aircraft radio equipment, compasses, supersonic devices, aviation magnetos, and direction finders etc., are made by this firm on a large scale, also film and sound film apparatus. More than 5,000 workers are reported to be employed here.
A.E.G. TurbinenfabrikBerlin-(1)
Charlottenburg
This is the leading German steam-turbine works. It is also an important maker of condensers, pumps, etc., and has been reported to build Diesel engines. It is believed to employ several thousand workers. The area covered by these works extends North and South of Sicking'enstr.
Telefunken Ges. für Drahtlose Telegraphie m.b.H. Berlin-(1 )
Sohftneberg Max Str.
This is one of the leading German manufacturers of wireless transmitting and receiving sets for all services purposes.
C. Lorenz A.G.Berlin-(1 )
Tempelhaf'
This ia one of the leading German producers of wireless sets for military purposes, blind-flying apparatus and other airoraft instruments; it also makes telephones, teleprinters, and railway signals and before the war made household wireless sets. It is situated on the North and South banks of the Teltow canal, East of Tempelhof Hafen'
Bergmann/

Bergmann Ucktrizitäts A.G.Berlin-(1 )
Reinickendorf
Steam turbines, electric vehicles of various kinds, electrical plant and motors; high- and low-tension oables, insulating materials, sectional steel tubes, eto.
03ram G.ra.b.H.Berlin-(1)
Liohteriberg
This is the leading German maker of radio valves, electric light bulbs and associated products. It works in conjunction with two Berlin branches at Charlottenburg and Siemensstadt. A large proportion of its products are sold through and under the name of Telefunken. The works is at Ehreribergstr. facing on Stralauer Allee on the North bank of the river Spree and inmediately North-east of the Oberbaum Bridge.
Julius Pintsch K.G.Berlin 0.17(2)
(Southern works).Breslauerstr.
This works is believed to enploy about 1,200 workers on the production of search-lights, signalling apparatus, etc.
Julius Pintsch K.G.Berlin 0.17(2)
(Northern works )Andreastr.
Military signalling instruments; eleotro-teohnical appliances etc., also industrial plant for oil-refineries are made at this plant which is believed to employ about 1,000 workers.
Büssing-Kag, Vereinigte Nutz-Kraftwagen A.G. Berlin-(2)
Wiessensee
This factory is normally engaged on lorries, heavy and light tractors, omnibuses, etc., and it is believed that this production programme has been retained during the war. Recent extensions are believed to be engaged on repair and maintenance of military transport. One department is reported now to specialise in the produotion of direction finders.
Maschinenfabrik PrometheusG.m.b'.H.Berlin-Reinick- (2)
endorf Ost,
Hauptstr.
Gears, gear boxes and rear axles for road vehicles, gears and reduction gearing for tanks and aircraf^ere made by this firm, which is only of secondary importance in the road-vehiole industry, but is believed to supply a fair proportion of the gears required by the Junkers group of aircraft factories.
Fritz Werner A.G./
Fritz Werner A.G.Berlin-Mariendorf(2)
Fritz Werner A.G. ia of importance aa a maker of milling and grinding maohinery and boring and rifling mchines for 3.A. manufacture.
Raboma Maschinen-Fabrik Hermann Sohoening Berlin-Boraigwalde(2)
Holzhauaerstr.
This factory is believed to be the largest German producer of radial drilling machines; it also makes several types of machine tools on a small scale.
Elektro-^Thermit G.m.b.H.BerlinJTetnpelhaf(2)
South bank of Teltow canal
This is one of the leading German producers of welding apparatus.
Deutsche Nileswerke A.G.Berlin-Weissensee(2)
This is an important machine-tool works specialising in compressed-air tools, lathes, and grinders, and believed to employ some 2,500 workers.
A.E.G. Transformer WorksBerlin-Oberschbne-(2)
Weide
Transformers and insulating material are the principal products of this large works.
V.K;F.Erkner(1 )
The Erkner factory is situated about 18 miles 3.E, of the Berlin oentre. The works is estimated to possess floor spaoe of about 3->0,000 square feet arranged in a modern layout on a site of 25“ acres which is well marked by woods and lakes. One the basis of its size it is estimatedtoenqiloy2,000-3,000 hands. It is believed
to oonoentrate on heavy aircraft bearings.
V.K.F.Neukftlln £?)(-)
Neutral sources insist that a V.K.F. plant is located in KOEPENICKERSTR., NEÖK0IIN, but there is no such street in that district, nor is there a ball-bearing plant in any of the five other streets of that name in Berlin. There is, however, a small factory, formerly known as RIEBE, which was acquired by the V.K.F. oonfcine at its formation, and which is the most likely identification for the reported plant.
NorddeutscheKugellagerfabrikBerlin-Lichtenberg (2)
This small factory, situated adjoining the Liohteriberg railway sidings, is engaged in the production of standard bearings of indifferent quality in the medium range of sizes. It was aoquired by the Fischer combine before the war and is believed to employ about 500 hands.
Askania/
Askania Werke A.G.A) BerUn-iloriendorf (2)
Grossbeerenstr.
B} Steglitz(2)
C) Friedenau
(2)
This firm makes a wide range of optical aj'l precision instruments, including direction finders, fire-control apparatus, remote-oorctrol gear, compasses, altimetres, speedometers, cameras, etc., and is believed to employ
7,000 workers in its three Berlin factories. According to reports the assembling and testing of the instruments is oarried out at the FRIEDENAU factory.
Dr. Cassirer & Co. A.G.Berlin-Spandau(2)
(Havelwerk)Rauchstr.
(2)
The works manufactures lead-covered pcwer cables for high and low tension. They were opened in 1950 and all the lead-presses and armouring machines for lead-covered cables were transferred here from the original works in Charlottenburg. The works now belong to the SEMENS interest represented by ELEKTRISCHE LIGHT- UND KRAFTANLAGEN A.G.
(2)
Siemens .<3 chuokert Wexice A.G.Berlin—^pandau(2)
Thi3 factory is chiefly engaged on assembly of telegraph, signalling and similar apparatus as well as military \Y/l sets.
S
(1)
Ges. für Elektrische Unternehmungen A.G. Berlin-Charlottenburg (2)
Wiebestr. and Klareribaohstr.
Machine tools and small tools auoh a3 milling cutters and high-speed tools, castings, etc. are made at the Charlotteriburg branches of this firm on a fairly large scale.
(•)
Osram Leap Works
This factory makes radio valves products. Its main works is at
Osram Glassworks
Berlin-Charlotteriburg (2)
and associated Berlin-Lichtenberg.
Berlin-Siemensstadt (2)
Radio valves and glass components for eleotrio light bulbs, eto. are made at this factory on a large scale. Its main works is at Berlin-Liohteriberg.
Blaupunktwerke G.m.b.H. Y/erk I.BerlinJffilmersdorf (2)
This is a subsidiary of BOSCH and is mainly engaged on the production of wireless apparatus, transmitting and receiving sets.
Blaupunktwerke/
Blaupuhktwerke G.m.b.H. Werk II.
Berlin S.O. Kopenickerstr.
This is the assembly and despatch unit for the aforementioned factory.

Altkett G.m.b.H. (Werk I) Fahrzeug- und Gerätebau G.m.b.H.
Borsidwalde
c)Otis Aufzugwerke G.m.b.H.
d)Hauptwerkstatt für Postkraftwagen.
This is a group of 4 factories situated on one large site bordered by Breitenbaohstr. and Inmngstr. Their individual activities are as follows
a)A.F.V. assembly
b)motor transport)
o)lifts and hoiBts)
d)M.T. repairs. Overhaulofpost1
office lorries usedinBerlinS
area.;
Deutsche Benzinuhren G.m.b.H.Berlin-JTanpelhaf
Bergjnannstr.
Electric fuel feed-pumps and other electrical apparatus are made by this firm on a fairly large scale0
Gebr. Leutert
Ber1i n-0bers chüne-weide
Rummelsburger Chausee
Leutert is of some importance as a manufacturer of transformers and insulating material.
"Nordbau" Norddeutsche Motorenbau G.m.b.H. Berlin-
Niederschüne-
weide
Berlinerstr.
Small Diesel motors are made by this firm
which is reported to employ about 800-d ,000 workers.
Dr. Cassirer/

Dr. Cassirer & Co. A.G.Berlin-Charlotteriburg
(parent vrorics )
This factory is situated facing on Keplerstr. and bordered on the South by Gustav Adolfstr.
This is the original, but new less important, factory and manufactures only rubber-insulated cables and wires. The lead presses and armouring machines for paper-insulated cable have been transferred to the Spandau works. The works are cwned by the Siemens interests.
Siemens & Kalske A.G. WernerwerkeBerlin-Haselhorst (3)
This plant is believed to be solely used for stores of general electro-engineering equipment.
Klockner-Humblodt^Jeutz A.G. (Werk Magirus) Terapelhaf(3)
This is a motor-transport repair works employed chiefly on military vehicles and reported to errloy 3ome 1 ,200 workers.
Bessemerstr.
Ariadne Draht- und Kabelwerke A.G,Berlin-Lichteriberg (3)
Boxhagenstr.
Insulated wire and cables are the principal products of this conroary.
Carl Flohr G.m.b.H.
Borsigwalde. Between Strasse 22 Innung Flohr and Herzog Stm.
(3)
Lifting gear and hoists are made by this faotory on a large scale.
Stahlbau Wittenbau G.m.b.H. and
Wittenauer Maschinenfabrik G.m.b.H. Borsigwalde,
Innungstr.
Constructional steel >>••< ..an-c
lifts, machine components, etc. are made by these two firms, whioh are working as one unit.
&) Getriebebau G-.m.b.H.(3)
bl F. Stolzenberg & Co. o; Maschinenfabrik
Otto AeronReinickendorf West
'.Valdstr.
These three engineering firms are believed to be closely associated with each other and to produce a fair range of machine tools.
Gustav Genschow & Co..A.G.Neukölln(3)
Abt. Yi'affenfabrikBoichestr.
Small arm3 and S.A.A. are the main products of this firm.
Jordan Bremsen A.G.Neukölln(3)
Lahnstr.
Air brakes and compressors are believed to be the principal produots of this conqpany,
Ehrlich & GraetzNeukölln(3)
Elsenstr.
This firm makes electrical apparatus,
wireless set3, etc.
a)ReiohsJTelegraphm Zeug amtTempelhof)
b)Troitsch A.G.a^ Industriestr. )(3)
b) Colditzstr. )
These firms specialise in:-aj Telephone and telegraph equipment, b) Cables and wire rope.
Siemens-Apparate G.m.b.H.Berlin-!larienfelde,(})
Siemensstr.
This factory is believed to be engaged on aircraft instruments and other precision apparatus.
Siemens-Apparate G.m.b.H.Berlin-Liohteriberg(3)
Krimhildstr.
This faotory is believed to be engaged on airoraft instruments and other precision apparatus.
(a)/

• (5)
(3)
a)R. Stock tSt Co.Mariendorf
b, Hartex C.m. o. H.Grossbeerenstr.
These firms occupy thd same factory 3ite and make:-
a)Machine tools, especially grinding,boring, and milling machinery,
b)Drills and hydraulic presses.
Friedenau, Reinstr.
These works occupy one factory 3ite and their activities are:-
a)Manufacture of optical instruments, particularly range finders, binoculars, and fire-control apparatus.
b)Friedenauer Technische 7/erkstatte:-
b)are the research and development laboratories of the Goerzwerke.
Zeiss-Ikor. A. G. formerly a) Goerzwerke.
Auto-Union A. G.Wilmersdorf
This is a M. T. repair and maintenance depot.
It is situated between Cicero Minsfelder and Eisenzahnstr. and Hohenzollern Damm.
a)K. Heckmann
b)Auto-Union A.G.
c)Baresynski & Go.
These three firms occupy one site.
They are:-
n) M. T. repair and maintenance de^ot. b) K. T. repair and maintenance depot, cj General engineering workshops.
Auto-Union A.G.Spandau
This is a repair and maintenance of military transport.
Fntz Werner A.G.Strausberg
Nr. Berlin
This plant specialises in milling, grinding, boring and rifling machines and other machine tools for S.A. factories.
Gema (Gesellschaft für ElektroakustischeBerlin-
Mechanische Apparate)Köpenick
Wilmersdorf
Nestorstr.
a)(2)
b)(3)
a)(3)
b)(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
Field corcnunication apparatus such as wireless transmitters, telephones, etc. are the principal products of this firm.
GUSIICALS A'.~D EXPLOSIVES/
BERLIN (contd.)- 57 -
CHEMICALS AIO EXPLOSIVES
Gevaert-J/ oigtlanderBerlin-(3)
Spindlersfeld
Photographie materials including cameras and paper are made at this works on a large scale.
Kodak A.G.Köpenick(3)
Cine- and ordinary films are produced at the Kftpenick works of the Kodak A.G. whose largest producing unit is at Stuttgart.
Zeiss-Ikon Film-WerkeZehlendorf(2)
This factory was formerly known as the Goerz Werke.
It is believed that 1($ of the total German production of reconnaissance film i3 accounted for at this works (the remaining is concentrated at the Agfa plant at Bitterfeld-AVolfen). A brant', of this firm is at Berlin-Jriedenau (see under Engineering and Armaments).
J.D. Reidel-JS. De Haen A.G.Berlin-Britz
Riedelstr.(2)
This factory normally employs about 2,000 workers on the production of pharmaceutioal and medicinal preparations.
Sobering A.G.a)Berlin-}(1 )
Charlottehburg )
b) Wedding)
c) Adlershaf)
This is one of the leading German manufacturers of pharmaceuticals, medicinal preparations, serums, synthetio oang>hor, etc. It has three factories in Berlin as follows: -
Berlin-47eddlng: This factory houses the main offioes of the con^Äny and the research laboratories. It also carries cut all the tabletting and packaging of the pharmaceutioal products, and has besides a small manufacturing oapacity. The plant produces iodine and bismuth preparations, and a proprietary product "Atophan" (cinchophen, for the treatment of gout). Staff employed were 1,000 clerical, 200 reseoroh chemists, and 500 other workers^before the war.
Berlin-Charlottenburg: All buildings of this factory are leased to other firms with the exception of one floor where the bacteriological research is carried on. It also finished the preparation of insulin supplied by the Berlin-Adlershaf plant. All products were sent to Berlin-V/edding for packing and distribution. Tiais plant employed 50 research workers.
Berlin-Adlershof;/

Berlin-Adlershof; The bull: of the pharmaceutical producta ia carried out at this factory. A large variety of products are manufactured, including hormones, pharmaceutical ether, synthetic narcotioa (e.g. veramon), Urotropine (Hexamethylene tetra-iins) and a variety of mixed preparations, conraercial solvents, reagents for laboratory works, and numerous fine chemicals are also made. Semi-finished insulin i3 prepared here and then sent to Charlottenburg for finishing. The production of laboratory reagents is second only to that of K. dor ole, Darmstadt. The factory is believed to enploy 1,500 workers.
Sobering is also a large manufacturer of sodium hypophosuphite arri. pliosphoric acid, at is also the largest manufacturer o jl i ''eroohosphates in Kurcpe, being responsible for 25/30 tons out of an estimated world consumption of 50/60 tons p.a. Y,Tiere this manufacture is carried out is not known, but it is probably at the Adlershof factory.
"Agfa" Universum Film A.G.Tenpclhof
Situated in Obcrlahnstr. the site Conorises, the head office, studios, and workshops of the Ufa film company,
Kindermann & Co.
This is a small factory making films, photographic material, eto.
I.G. FarbenindustrieRumnelsbcrg
Situated in Hauptstr. the site includes the I.G. distribution centre and the distribution centre for Aceta rayon products.
Chemische FabrikGrunau
Grunau A.G.
Situated in Regatterstr. this firm makes pharmaceutical and medicinal preparations on a fairly large scale„
Auergesellschaft A.G.Oranienburg (1)
This is one of the most important German nakers of arrti-^as equipment, particularly gas masks, escape apparatus, incandescent gas.^nantles, luminous paints, and a large variety of other chemical products.
(-)
(-)
(3)
the

BERNBURG (Anhalt)
51° 45' N. 11° 45' E: 510 miles: (40,000)
Bernburg is situated approximately 25 miles South of Magdeburg on the railway from Dessau to A schersleben.. The town's growth is due to the surrounding salt deposits which are exploited by the chemical works of the Deutsche Solway-Werke A.G. Bemburg, however, j a now chiefly important owing to the large Junkers Assembly Works.
Tran spo rt-aticn
Railway Repair ShopsBembtirg(3)
These medium sized railway workshops are engaged on the repair and maintenance of goods trucks and passenger coaches.
aircraft and Aero Engines
(1)
JunkersBernburg
Situated at the Northern end of the Bernburg aerodrome, some 2 miles North West of the town, is the main assembly plants of the Junkers Flugzeug und Motorenwerke G. m.b.H. , whose parent v.orks are in Dessau. The components for this plant are supplied by the works at Aschersleben,
Halberstadt, Schönebeck and RUsselsheim. In 19A2 an average of some 55 Ju.88's and 20 Ju.52's were being produced each month. Latterly, r jwever, the plant has begun the assembly of Ju. 188. This is a development of the Ju. 88 and is used for night bombing, intruding and torpedo bombing. In 1942 some 2,500 workers were reported to be employed at the Bernburg plant.
Chemicals and Explosives
KAliv.-erke SolvsyhallEottenschestr. (l)
The Deutsche Solway Verke A. C-., whose parent works are in Bernburg, were formed to exploit the rich salt deposits in this district.
The firm ha3 another large factory at Ostemicnburg in Anhalt. The Bemburg plant manufactures soda bicarbonate, soda ash (ammonia soda) and magnesium soda and potash.
The soda ash capacity of the plant is 240,0C0' tons per annum, or 41$ of the total German production of soda ash; crude potash capuc fcy 420,000 tons per annum; end potash Alts nr. produced at a rate of 200,000 tona per annum. In 193G a total of G,000 workers were employed in Luo two factories at Bemburg and Ostemieriburg.

BETZDORF-SIEGTHAL (Rhineland)
50° 45' N. 7° 40' E: 300 miles: (12,400)
iburgBetzdorf Siegthal lies on the main railway fron Cologne to
;k isSiegen, and is a Junction for Wetzlar and Giessen, The town's
.activities include an engineering works, a few small metal working
rttmplants, sind food factories. The firm mentioned below,however,
)^rS.is the only plant worthy of note.
Engineering and Armaments
(;QuastBetzdorf(2)
The Quast Maschinenfabrik G.m.b. H., whose parent works are in Cologne, are reported to have opened a branch factory at Betzdorf in October 1941. This plant is believed to be making mortars, and has been reported as employing as many as 5,000 workers.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloys
FriedriahshfltteHerdorf(3)
(approximately 3 kilometres south west of Betzdorf)
This iron and steel works belonging to the Vereingit Stahlwerke A.G., i3 believed to liave a capacity of some 100,000 tons per annum It is reported to produce bomb and shell, castings.

BEUEL (Rhineland)
50° 40' N. 7° 10' E: 320 miles: (21,000)
Beuel is on the right bank of the Rhine opposite Bonn.
It is on a main railway along the Rhine to South West Germany, v (l,and contains a few minor industries, including chemical and
dye works. None of these are of importance apart from the firm mentioned below.
Chemicals and Explosives.
L. C. Jkrquart A. G.Siegburgerstr. (3)
The chemical factory' of Dr. Marquart A. G. normally employs same 300 workers and has a cobalt refinery with a capacity of 400 tons per annum. Among its principal products are cobalt salts and pigments.

BEUTHEN
50° 20' N. 16° 55' E: 835 miles: (105,000)
Beuthen is the most easterly of the three adjacent mining towns in the extreme South east comer of Upper Silesia, the others Being Gleiwitz and Hindenhurg. The former Polish frontier runs closely round the northern, eastern and southern borders of the town. The built-up area of the town itself contains few industries of note but the highly important VOHAG steel works anl six of the large Upper Silesian coal mines are grouped to the West and North West of Beuthen. Beuthen is the centre of the lead and zinc mining district of Upper Silesia.
Transportation
Goods YardsBeuthen
The railway goods yards are on the South Western outskirts of the town near to the village of Schömberg. These goods yards have a very large storage capacity and include a small marshalling yard.
Public Utility Services
Power StationSchömberg
The thermal power station belonging to the Gräflich Schaffgotsche Werke i3 near the village of Schömberg. It is believed to have a capacity of over 50 1W.
Gas WorksBeuthen
The Verbands Gaswerk, Beuthen-Hindenburg G. m.b.H. has an output in i936 of about 425 million cubic feet of gas.
Solid Fuels
HeinitzgrubeBeuthen
The Heinitz and Hoffnung group of mines belong to the Bergwerkgesellschaft Georg von Giesches Erben and are on the South Eastern outskirts of Beuthen. There are five pitheads. In 1957 2,600 workers were employed and 1,400,000 tons of coal were produced.
PreussengrubeBobrek-Karf
The coal mines of the Preu3sengrubo A. G. are situated to the North West of the village of Bobrelc, 2 miles West of Beuthen.
There are three pitheads. In 1937 2,900 workers were employed and the output was
1,400,000tons of coal.
Beuthengrübe (cos. Radzionkay grübe)Beuthen
This coal .nine belongs to the Henckel von Donnersmarck Estates and is situated in the Beuthener Stadtwald 3 miles North \7est of the town. There is 1 pithead. 2,200 workers were employed before the war and the 19 5 7 output of coal was 1,100,000 tons.
Karsten Zentrum-GrubeBeuthen
(3)
(3)
The Vereinigte Karsten Zentrum-coal mine of the Schlesische Bergwerks & Hutten A.G. is situated on the Western outskirts of Beuthen and has 3 pitheads. 4,000 workers were employed before the war and the cool output was 1,600,000 tons in 1937.
HbhenzollemgrubeSchoßberg
(Beuthe)
3)
The Kohenzollemgrube, vdiich together v.lth the Gräfin Johanna mine, mentioned below, belongs to the Gräflich Schaffgotsch'sohe Werke G. m. b. H. is imnediatedy to the South of Beuthen goods station close to the village of Schömberg. There are 3 pitheads.In 1937 production 'a3 2,100,000
tons of coal per annirn and 3,300 workers were employed.
Gräfin Johanna Grube
Bobrek-Karf
(3)
Coking Plant
Bobrek
(3)
The Gräfin Johanna mine has 2 pitheads. 4,000 workers were employed before the war and the output was 2,800,000 tons of coal in 1937.
Iron and Steel and Ferro Alloys V0HAG Julienhutte
Bobrek
(3)
The Julienhütte coking plant forms part of the V0HA.G steel works referred to below. This coking plant is associated with the Castellengo group of coal mines in Kindenburg. There are 240 coking ovens and a by-products plant.
The Julienhfltte steel work3 of the Vereinigte Oberschlesische Hüttenwerk A. G. are in the village of Bobrek, 2 miles West of 3euthen.
They are equipped with Siemen^-lUrtin ovens, forges, rolling mills and a wagon factory.
175,000tons of pig iron and 425,000 tons of Siemens crude steel is the estimated annual capacity of the plant. Complete light railways, railway metals and points, plating for wagons and heavy vehicles, and foundry wheels, are among the known products of this plant.
The works include a coking plant which is mentioned above under Solid Puels. Por further particulars of the V0HA.G concern see under GLEIWITZ.
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
BleischarleygrubeBeuthen—Rossberg (3)
This lead and zinc mine belongs to the Bergwerkgesellschaft Georg von Giesches Erben, and is situated on the South Eastern outskirts of Beuthen close to the former Polish frontier. In 1939 the output was 400,000 tons of ore. 2,000 workers were employed.
FiedlersglückBeuthen •(3)
The Fiedlersglück zinc mine is worked in conjunction with the neighbouring mine3 Jenny Otto and Wilhelmsglück-Ostfeld.
This group of mines belong to the Schlesische Bergwerks & Lutten A. G. They are connected by an aerial railway. In 1939 the output of ore was 210,000 tons.
Some 500 workers were employed.
Neue ViktoriaMiechowitz(3)
The Neue Viktoria zinc mine of the Schlesische Bergwerks £ lütten A.G, i3 situated to the East of the village of Miechowitz, 3 miles North West of Beuthen. In 1939 the output of this mine was 150,000 tons of ore.
FriedrichsgrubeDombrcrwa(3)
This lead and zinc mine belongs to the Preus8ische Bergwerks & Hutten A. C. and is immediately to the North of the village of Miechowitz 3 miles Norti Vest of Beuthen.
The mine was not being fully operated before the war and had only a small output, according to the latest information. In 1939 a total of 15,000 tons of ore were mined.
NeuhofDombrowa(3)
The Neuhof zinc mine belongs to the Schlesische Bergwerks & Hutten A. G. and is near to the village of Dembrowa 3 miles North North West of Beuthen. This mine is associated with the WilhelnsglQck-'iVestfeld zinc mine 2 miles North of Beuthen. From 1918 and until the latest date for which information is available, these two mines were not being operated.
Engineering and Armaments
EngemannOstlandstr.(3)
The Zahnraderfabrik H. Engemann £ Co. are manufacturers of all types of cog wheels. They employ some 1,000 workers.
KllhlturmbauBeuthen(3)
The firn of Kfihlturnbau Heidi & Go. specialize in the construction of water refrigerating towers and industrial coaling installations.

(1
(!)
BIELEFELD (Westphalia)
52° N. 8° 30' E: 375 miles: (125,000)
The industrial town of Bielefeld lies on the main railway line fron Berlin through Hanover to Hamm. The town has been considerably developed during recent years and besides being the centre of the linen trade, it contains several engineering works which in peacetime specialised largely in the manufacture of cycles and sewing machines. Most of these industries are grouped in the centre of the town in the vicinity ' of the main goods station. Other industries include metal working, silk weaving plants, and clothing factories.
Tran spo rta tion Goods Station
Bielefeld
(3)
Railway Repair Shops
Beilefeld
(3)
The Goods Station is situated immediately to the East of the main railway station and has large storage accomodation. There are also marshalling yards adjoining.
Public Utility Services Unter station
Beilefeld
(3)
These are large repair shops employing approximately 1,000 workers, and undertaking chiefly the repair and maintenance of goods wagons in 1939.
Kraftwerke
Beilefeld
(3)
Lying 130 miles from Brauweiler, this important Beilefeld distributing substation is on the 220 kV Brauweiler-Spandau line and is associated with the thermal station of the same name.
Gaswerke
Beilefeld
(3)
Supplying Beilefeld and district, this thermal power station has a capacity of 41 W. It lies directly N.E. of the main railway station.
The municipal gasworks sold, in 1936, 700 million cubic feet of gas and carbonized
31,000tons of coal. It is situated to the N.E. of the main station adjoining the electricity works.
'7
Jt ai •7
, silk
is:
Engineering and Armaments
Anker Werke A.G.Ravensbergs tr.(3)
Anker Werke A.G.Am Stadtholz E. of Goods(2)
Station
This engineering firm formerly employed some 1,80C workers on the production of motor cycles, bicycles, slot machines, sewing machines and various types of adding and calculating machines. They are now reported to have increased the total number of their workers to
5,000and to be engaged on the production of anqy motor oycles, and small arms amunition.
Benteler Werke A. G.Weidenstr.(3)
This firm was formerly engaged on the manufacture of pylons, masts, road and railway telegraph installations and M. T. components. They are now reported to be producing complete armoured vehicles and tracked guns.
Gebr. DickertmannJollenbeckerstr.(-)
The Gebr. Dickertraann Hebezeugfabrik A.G. employ some 300 workers on the production of all types of cranes and industrial lifts.
Droep & ReinAm Guterbahnhof(3)
Situated directly N. of the main goods station, this machine factory, whose equipment also includes an iron foundry, employs some 400 workers on the p>roduction of machine tools.
Durkopp Werke A.G.• Nie. Durkoppstr.(2)
Durkopp Werke A.G.Kaisers tr.-(3)
Hermann Str.
This important engineering undertaking has two plants in Bielefeld, both of which are situated in the centre of the town. In peacetime this firm produces cycles, sewing machines and various types of office machinery. They are now reported to employ some 3,80C workers on the nanufacture of motor cycles and small arms components.
Gildemeister A.G.Kleine Bahnhof
Str.
(3)

The firm of Gildemeister Sc Co. A.G. employ some 600 workers, and produces lathes and milling and precision grinding machinery.
Goricke Werke
Paulusstr.
(3)
BSHiEFELD (contd.)
The works of August Goricke, which formerly specialised in bicycles and in milk separating machinery, now employs some 800 workers on the manufacture of motor cycles and various other types of military transport.
Kochs WerkeTeich Str.(2)
The Kochs Adlemahmaschinen Werke A. G. have their main factory in Beilefeld and branch works in Hamburg. In peacetime they made all type of sewing machines and employed 1, 300 workers. They are probably now engaged on the manufacture of small arms components, and other wax material suitable to their type of plant.
Phoenix A.G,
KL. Bahnhof Str. (2)
The Phoenix Nähmaschinen A. G. Baer & Rempel have their main factory in Beilefeld, and branch works in Wurzburg and Budapest. In peacetime they employed 1,150 workers and manufactured sewing machines. They are probably now engaged on armament production.
PrfczisionswerkeDetmolders tr.(3)
These works are 2 miles South East of the main station. The firm normally manufactures bicycle components and employed some 500 workers before the war. It is now reported to be engaged on the production of precision bearings.
Textiles, Rayon,Pulp and Paper
Ravensberg A. G.Schildesche(-)
Mechanische 'Weberei
Beilefeld
(-)
The Mechanische Weberei Ravensberg A. G. are manufacturers of linen products of all kinds They employ 200 workers.
The Beilefelder A. G. fur Mechanische Weberei is a weaving mill making chiefly linen products, which employed some 800 workers before the -war.
Seidenweberei
H inderib urgstr.( -)
The Ravensberger Seidenweberei G.ra.b.H. is a weaving mill making chiefly artificial silk products.
BEILEFELD (oontd. ) Leather
Lohmann WerkeKonigatr.(-)
The Lohmann Werke A. G are makers of leather goods of all kinds, including travelling cases and bicycle saddles.

BINGEN (Hesse)
49° 55' N. 7° 55' E: 367 miles: (22,000)
Bingen is on the left bank of the Rhine 15 miles West of Mainz.
It is divided fron the twin town of Bingerbrück by the River Nahe which here forms the boundary between the two Provinces, Hessen arkl Rhineland. Bingen is on the main railway which follows the left bank of the Rhine from Cologne to Frankfort/Kain. It is a Junction for the railway leading up the Nahe valley to the Saar territory. The town contains a Bmall number of industrial firms, most of which are connected with the wine trade, but none of these are of individual importance.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsBingerbrück(2)
These medium sized railway workshops are engaged on the maintenance and repair of goods wagons.
Marshalling YardsBingerbrück(2)
These marshalling and shunting yards have a capacity of 2,400 wagons per 24 hours.

BITTERFELD (Province Saxony)
51° 45' N. 12° 20' E: 535 miles: (35,000)
The main railway from Berlin to Halle and Frankfort/Main, passes through Bitterfeld where a second line diverges and leads to Leipzig. It is a Junction for a branch line to Dessau. The town's chief activity is connected with the cnanical and metallurgical plants, mo3t of which are now owned by the I.G.Farbenindustrie concern, and which are grouped together in distinct areuB as follows:-
a)SOUTH, a triangular shaped area comprising the power Station; I.G.FARBEN und IETALLGSoHLLSCHacT, ALUMENiyil WERK I; WgHK KAINTUAL; GRIESHEIM ELECTRON WERK I (SUD) , and the SAURE FABRIK.
b)CENTRAL, comprising GRIESHEIM WERK II (KORD) and another branch of the ALUMINIUM WERK,
c)NORTH, I. G.FARBEN INDUSTRIE ANALINFABRXK or GRKPFTK2R WERKE.
d)NORTH YfEST, I.G.FARE3NIKDUSTRIE (aTPA) FILMFABRIK at
wclfe::.
Other industries include engineering, paper, and stone masonry, and in the surrounding district there are a number of brown coal deposits. Between the two small villages of Golpa 2schomewitz, which lie a few miles to the North east of Bitterfeld, is the second most important power station in the Reich.
Transportation
Marshalling YardsAm Hauptbahnhof (2)
The marshalling and goods yards are near the main station, and can handle up to 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Public Utility Services
Elektreworke A.G.Golpa-Eschomewitz (1+)
Situated between the two villages of GOLPa. and ZSCHOH'iBiVTIE and some 6 mile3 North of BITTERFELD, the station i3 the second largest in Germany. The new station, which was still ruder ccnstruotion in August 1943 is situated adjacent to the old plant on the West side; it is estimated that its initial capacity will be about 120 MW.
The original station has 16 turbogenerator sets having an estimated oap-acity of 434 MW.
There is an indoor sub-station for 80 kV and 110 kV: also a 110 kV indoor switching station near the generating plant. No important local supplies are given, but there arc 8 double circuit HOkV long distance lines which rm to:
!l) BERLD!-RUMMELiBURG (via PIESTERITZ)
2; BEKLIN-bPANDAU (via BRANDENBURG)
3) I^UTA
kJ BOHLEN (via RITT EHR ELD and L3IP2IG)
5) GR0SS-KATNA (via GRÖBERE)
6) ELBHCRAFT WERK (VOCKERODE)
(7) MAGDEBURG
(8) MAGDEBURG (via DESSAU and FORDERST EDI)
There is also one 80 kV line to PIESTERITZ.
I.G. power stationBitterfeld
The station is owned ty the I.G.FÄRBEN-INDUSTRIE and is situated at the Southern end of the works corapleoc, immediately West of the aluminium works. It is also known as the BITTERFELD power station.
The output of the station is mainly, if not wholly, supplied to the I.G.works.
The capacity of the works has been difficult to assess as there is 3ome doubt as to the number of generator set3, however it is estimated that there are 7 generator set3 with a capacity llD Ml'/. The station is connected to 110 kV lines from GCLPa-ZoCKONNEiVITZ to BÖHLEN and GR03S-KAYNA.
I.G. power stationtfolfen
Also known as the WGLFEN power station, it is owned by the I.G.FARZ^.TMXJSTRIE and situated at the Northern end of the complex, between the chemical and the dye-stiff factories at WOLFEN. The output of the station is mainly, if not wholly, supplied to the I.G.works. Owing to the doubt existing as to the nunber of generators it is difficult to assess the capacity, however it is estimated that there are 6 generator sets having a cap-acity of 98 MN. The station is connected to the 110 kV lines from GQLPA-ffiCKORNB.VITZ to BÜHLEN and GROSS-KAYHA.
liuldensteinBitterfeld
The Kraftwerk Muldenstein lies a few miles to the North' east of the town.
It has a capacity of 81 J.OT and supplies the railway system in this district.
It is owned by ths Reichsbahn.
Solid Fuels
Braunkohlen WerkeBitterfeld
The large brown coal deposits in this area are exploited by several firms, among the most important are the Bitterfeld Louisengrube, owned by Leopold A.G., the I.G.
Farben, Grube Theodor and the Grub Golpa.
Production is estimated at a rate of about 3 million tons of brown coal and 600,000 tons of briquettes per annum.
Non-Ferrous Metals Manufacture and Fabrication
I.G. Farbenindustrie A.G.
The I.G. Farbenindustrie concern have a large concentration of their non-ferrous metal and chemical plants in the Bitterfeld area which are estimated to employ a total of 30me 50,000 workers. These works Eire of very great importance to the German war industry. There are three large aluminium and magnesium factories in Bitterfeld itself which are described below.
Ground reports suggest that aero-engine components and aircraft components as well as airscrews are now also produced at the I.G. Farbenindustrie works at Bitterfeld. The Southern works has been mentioned in this connection.
Light Metal Plants.Bitterfeld
There is an important group of metallurgical plants in Bitterfeld which are now merged in the I.G. Farben concern. These plants produce aluminium, magnesium and light alloy semi-manufactured products and are situated in the Centred and Southern areas of Bitterfeld. There are two plants producing aluminium metal, one producing magnesium and several units which produce aluminium alloys, the various magnesium alloys grouped under the trade name "Elektron" and semi manufactured products in light alloys. All the metallurgical works mentioned below are included in this group.
Aluminiunrwerk I.Bitterfeld (l)
The first of the two plants operated by the subsidiary firm Aluminiumwerk G.m.b.H. is situated in the Southern quarter of the industrial area and has been in operation since 1916. It was considerably enlarged during the years 1934 to 1938 and its present capacity is estimated at 15,000 tons of aluminium annually.
Aluminiumwerk IIBitterfeld (l)
The second plant of the Aluminiumwerk G.m.b.H. dates from 1936 and is in the Central area of Bitterfeld.
The capacity is believed to be 20,000 tons of aluminium per annum.
GriesheimBitterfeld (l)
The Chemische Fabrik Griesheim Elektion which was merged into the I.G. Farben concern in 1923 operates a magnesium plant situated in the Southern quarter of the industrial area. This plant has an annual capacity which is believed to be at least 5000 tons.
Light AlloysBitterfeld (l)
Both in the Central and the Southern areas there are a number of plants, associated with the three main units mentioned above, which produce and fabricate light alloys and semi manufactured products. These various plants are believed to have been considerably extended during recent years.
Chemicals and Explosives
LG. Farbenindustrie A. G.
The I.G. Farben concern has three large chemical works in Bitterfeld, one of which, the Griesheim Elektron II forms a part of the non-ferrous metal factory-mentioned above. In the town of Wolfen which lies some 5 miles to the North west of Bitterfeld are two further large chemical plants one of which is the main factory of the Agfa photographic film oompany.
Griesheim Elektron Werk IBitterfeld
The Chemische Fabrik Griesheim Elektron I is in the centre of the town on the Western side of the railway. The plant produced in 1 943: -
4/6 (80.000 tons) of Germany's sulphuric acid,
37.5$ (150,000 tons) of her caustic soda,
37.5^5 (135,000 tons; of her chlorine, and 5.(70,000 tons) of her nitric acid (65Jj)
output.
Griesheim Elektron Werk IIBitterfled
The Chemische Fabrik Griesheim Elektron Werk II, which is part of the Non-Ferrous Hetals plant is in the Northern part of Bitterfeld immediately to the North of the aluminium plant. It produces small quantities of chlorine and magnesium.
SalzbergwerkBitterfeld
The Salzbergwerk Neu Stassfurt lies to the South west of the town. It is reported to be manufacturing toxic gases and electrolytic products for the chemical and metallurgical industries.
I. G.Farbenindustrie (Agfa)Wolfen
The plant, situated about 5 miles North west of Bitterfeld, is owned by AKTIEN GESELLSCHAFT für ANILIN FABRIKATION (AGFA) which is a member of the I.G. FARBENINDUSTRIE.
In 1939 it was the largest film producing unit in Europe; it is now believed to make 905S of Germany's aero film and 60£ of her cine film. Other products are reported to be colour film, filters, plates, photographic chemicals and film base. This is the most important of the Agfa plants.
Elektro-Schmelze Gm.b. H,
Zschornewitz
The plant is by far the largest producer of aluminium oxide abrasives in Axis Europe, but it manufactures no wheels and no silicon carbide. It provides screened and roasted grains to the German grinding wheel plants.
Its output wa3 about 10,000 tons per annum until 1937, when a big expansion programme was put into effect. Its output today is unknown, but this plant now probably accounts for about 505>o of German production (say
15,000tons per annum).
FarbewerkeWolfen
The plant is owned by the I. G. FARBEN concern and lies immediately North of the Wolfen power station. It is estimated that it produced in 1%3 20,000 tons (1J, of total German output) of sulphuric acid, and 60,000 tons (4. 5J of Germany's output) of nitric acid

DESCHOWITZ (Upper Silesia)
50° 20' N. 18° 18' E: 800 miles: (25,000)
Bleclihammer which lies on the Klodnitz Canal, sane 10 miles East of Kosel has become noteworthy during the past two years owing to the erection of two highly important synthetic oil plants. These are believed to be owned by I.G.Farbenindustrie and were first reported as under construction in 1941. There is another synthetic oil plant 9 miles to the North which is described under Deschowitz.
Public Utility Services.
Blechhammer NorthBlechhammer
This thermal power station is believed to be owned by l.G.Farbenindustrie and supplies Blechhammer North hydrogenation plant. It is now fully completed and has an estimated capacity of 250 MW.
Reigersfeld (Blechhammer South)Reigersfeld
A second and larger power station is situated in the area of hydrogenation plant. It is being rapidly completed, and is believed to have a capacity of 300 MW. (see also below).
liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Blechhammer NorthBlechhammer
The hydrogenation plant known as Blechhammer North is situated immediately South of the village. It is already producing some 250,000 tons of synthetic fuel per annum, but is not likely to be completed until the autumn of 1944, when its output capacity will be
500.000tons per annum. The large electricity station belonging to this plant is mentioned above under "Public Utilities".
Reigersfeld (Blechhammer South)Reigersfeld
This plant, which is the larger and more important of the two, is situated immediately North of Reigersfeld station and East of the Oppeln-Ratibor railway, and to the South of the Kosel-Gleiwitz line. It has been known previously as Blechhammer South. I;G.Farbenindus trie are believed to control the plant whose annual capacity is at present about
400.000tons. It is estimated that, on completion in the late summer of 1944, the annual capacity will be about 750,000 tons per annum.

BOCHOLT (Westphalia)
51° 50' N. 6° 40' E: 290 miles: (35,000)
Bocholt is near the Dutch Frontier on a branch line leading from Wesel to Bredevoort in Holland. The town is chiefly a textile centre, but none of the nunerous spinning and weaving plants in the area are individually of importance.
Transportation.
Railway Repair ShopsBocholt (3)
These are medium sized repair shops engaged on the repair and maintenance of locomotives and goods wagons.

BOCHUM (Westphalia)
51° 30' N. 7° 15' E: 320 miles: (336,000)
The area oovered by this report is situated in the centre of the Ruhr industrial area; it is bounded in the North by Riemke and Bövinghausen, covers Hattingen in the South, me and the Western half of Langendreer in the East, Bochum itself and Weitmar in the West.
Bochum with a population of 320,000 is one of the chief centres of the coal and iron industry, there are important steelworks and approximately 30 per cent of the Ruhr coal is produced here.
Like other areas of the Ruhr the Bochum district has an extensive rail transport system with major marshalling yards at Langendreer and Dahlhausen.
There is only one important electricity power station in this area, but it is of outstanding significance in the Ruhr network. This i3 the 126 MW station at Hattingen. There are several local subsidiary stations of 10 to 20 UW at the pits.
The principal industries are coal mining, with the usual accompaniment of coking plants and their by-products, as well as iron and steel manufacture. At Bochum are to be found the large steel and armaments works of the Bochumer Verein (Vereinigte Stahlwerke) viz;
Werk Gusstahlfabrik Werk Hontrop Werk Stahlindustrie Werk Weitmar
as well as large engineering concerns.
Oil is represented at Bochum by three tar distillation plants.
There are smaller concentrations at Hattingen which has a population of 16,000 and contains a large steel plant, and at Langendreer.

Transportation
Marshalling YardRiemke(3)
The yards lie 2 m. N. N. W. of Bochum main station and have a capacity of 3,200 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling YardsLangendreer(2)
Situated 4 m. East of Bochum main station; the capacity of the yards was 5,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling YardsDalhausen(3)
These yards are on the North bank of the River Ruhr, 4? m. South Test of Bochvsn station; 3,600 wagons could be handled per 24 hours.
Public Utility Services
V.E.W, power StationHattingen(1)
The "Gemeinschaftswerk Hattingen" G. m. b. H. is on the South bank of the River Ruhr, miles South East of Hattingen. Altogether there are 8 turbogenerator sets with a total capacity of 126 MW.
There are also 3 indoor substations containing transformers, and in addition a 110 kV. outdoor switching station. Underground cables supply local industries (10 kV) and Wuppertal (25 kV).
Long distance power i3 supplied to the R.Vf. E. grid (50 kV), a 110 kV line is connected to Essen, Witten and other towns, and the 220 kV line from Herdecke to Leithe may be connected to Hattingen. This is one of the four main stations serving the Ruhr industrial area. The others are Karnap (see Essen), Gersteinwerk (Hamm) and Reisholz (Düsseldorf).
(3)
Municipal Gas WorksBochun
Situation: North East of the main station, between Orenstein und Koppel and the "Stahlindustrie" works. The works took 550 million cubic feet of gas over the V.E.W. grid in 1936.
(3)
Gus stahl fahr ik power StationBochimi
Owned by the Bochumer Verein iron and steel works, this thermal power station has capacity of 25 MW.
(3)
Henrichshfttte Power StationHattingen
Situated at the Hattingen steelworks, five miles South of Bochum, it has a capacity of 25 MW.
Robert Müser Power StationWeme
Situated at the colliery 3s miles East of Bochum station, the plant is believed to have a capacity of 30 1DY.
Präsident Power StationN.W.Bochum(3)
Owned by Bergbau A.G. Lothringen, the works have a capacity of 21 MW. and are situated 1 m. West of Bochum main stat ion.
Constantin der Crosse Power StationCert he-Heide(3)
Owned by the Deutsche Erdöl A.G. Situated at Pits 6/7 at Certhe-Heide, 2^ m. N.N.E. of Bochum main station, this thermal plant has a capacity of 11 KW.
Prinz Regent Power StationE. Weitmar(3)
Situated one mile East of Weitmar, and 1^- m.
South of Bochum main station, this thermal plant is the main distribution centre for the Bochum group of companies owned by the Golsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G.
Solid Fuels
Constantin der Crosse 1/2 coking plant N.W.Bochum (3)
Owned by Gewerkschaft "Verein Constantin der Crosse" the plant is situated 2 m. North of Bochum main station. There are 90 coke ovens with an estimated annual capacity amounting to 100,000 tons of dried coal.
Constantin der Grosse 6/7 ooking plant Gerthe(3)
Situated adjoining Pit 6/7, 2^ m. N.N.E. of Bochum main station, the plant is owned by Gewerkschaft "Verein Constantin der Grosse"
(Pr. Krupp A. G. ). There are 120 ovens having an estimated annual rated capacity of 340,000 tons of dry coal.
Constantin der Grosse 10 coking plant Gerthe-Heide (3)
This plant, adjoining Pit 10, is situated 3^ m. N.N.E. of Bochum main station and has 36 coke ovens with an estimated annual capacity of 450,000 tons of dry coal. Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.
Lothringen 4 coking plantHiltrop-Wanno (3)
Owned by Bergbau A.G. Lothringen the plant is situated 3 m. North Eas „ of Bochum main station. It consists of 130 ovens with an annual dry coal capacity of 330,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid. (See also "Liquid Fuels" and the collieries above. )
Carolinenglück coking plantHamm(2)
The coking plant ia in the Bochun group of Gelsenkirchen er Bergwerke A.G. and is situated 2 m. North West of Bochian station.
The plant consists of 225 ovens with an annual dry coal capacity of 890,000 tons. (See also under "Liquid Fuels")
Präsident coking plantN.W.Bochum(3)
Owned by Bergbau A.G. Lothringen, the ooking plant, situated 1 m, West of Bochum main station, consists of 70 ovens with an annual rated dry coal capacity of 148,000 tons, also produces gas and by-products. The company has its own power station (see also under "Public Utility Services", )
Bruchstrasse coking plantLangendreer(3)
This ooking plant is another of the Bochum group of Gelsenkirchener Bergwerke A.G, and is situated 4s m. East of Bochum main station.
The plant comprises 72 ovens with an annual rated dry coal capacity of 511,000 tons. TV' principal by-products won are ammonia, tar and benzol. Some 1,800 workers are employed.
The plant has its own power station.
Mansfeld coking plantWerne(3)
Also known as "Kolonie", the ooking plant, owned by Mansfeld A.G. , is situated 3^ m. of Bochum station, and comprises 220 ovens with a maximum rated dry coal capacity of
400,000tons annually. The plant has its own power plant with a capacity of 7 MW.
Dannenbaum coking plantEast of Bochum(3)
Another of the Bochum groups of Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A. G, , it is situated 2 m. East of Bochum main station, the plant consists of 65 ovens with an annual rated dry ooal capacity of 200,000 tons.
Robert Möser coking plantWerne(2)
Located adjoining the colliery, 3-4 m. E.N.E. of Bochum main station, the plant consists of 205 ovens which have an annual dry coal capacity of 1 ,200 .000 tons. See the colliery of the same name (below).
KenrichshQtte Coking plantHattingen(3)
Situated 5 miles South of Bochum at the Kenrichshutte steelworks of the Ruhrstahl A. G, group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. , the plant consists of 100 ovens with an annual rated dry coal capacity of 430,000 tons.
Constantin der Grosse Collieries(2)
Situated North of Boo hum the Gewerkschaft "Verein Constantin der Grosse" has pita nunhered 1,2,2A,3,V5,6/7,V9 and 10/11.
The output of these mines was 2,127,000 tons of hard coal in 1937. (The coking plant is mentioned above and the power station under "Public Utilities").
Lothringen Colliery, pits 1/^3 and 4/3 N.of Bochum-Gerthe (2)
The Bergbau A. G Lothringen collieries are situated roughly North of Gerthe. In 1937 their output of hard coal amounted to 1'540,000 tons. (See also under "Liquid Fuels" and "Chemicals"),
Robert Miser collieryW.Werne (2)
0)
Owned by the Harpener Bergbau A. G , the mine is situated 3j m. E.N.E. of Bochum main station. The colliery is an amalgamation of the following pits:-Amalia, Arnold Jakob, Caroline, Heinrich Gustav, Prinz von Preussen and Vollmond.
In 1937 1,370,000 tons of hard coal were produced, (power station, see under "Public Utilities". The coking plant is mentioned above).
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Lothringen 1/2Gerthe (3)
Owned by the Bergbau A.G Lothringen, this distillation plant is situated 4c? m. North East of Bochum main station, it is capable of producing the full range of products, but is probably mainly engaged on different grades of fuel oil. (See also under "Solid Fuels" and under "Chemicals").
Lothringen 4Hiltrop-Wanne (3)
The distillation plant is owned by Bergbau A. G'
Lothringen and is located 3 m. North East of Bochum main station, adjoining the coke oven (see under "Solid Fuels").
Carolinenglflck distillation plantHanzne (-)
Owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerke A. G.
(Bochum group) this plant is situated 2 m.
North West of Bochum main station adjoining the coking ovens, the plant produces the usual by-products, the chief of these being benzol.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-alloys
N. of Allee Str.
Werk Gusstahlf abrik
Part of the Bochumer Verein group, owned by Vereinigte Stahlwerke A. 0. , the steel works are situated less than a mile North West of Bochum main station. The extensive works complex has a frontage of about one mile and a depth of half a mile. There are 4 blast furnaces and 15 Open hearth furnaces. The annual capacity of the works is estimated at 850,000 tons per annum of pig iron and
700,000tons per annum of crude steel.

Electric steel is also produced. It is one of the main German consumers of refined nickel. Steel castings are a special product of the work3. Other products include gun-barrels, complete artillery pieces, and armoured plate. The complex includes foundries, forges, mills and shops for rails, wheels, springs, boilers, switches and axles, products include tank wheels, bomb tail units, and welded tubes for s'
The works has it3 own
"Public Utilities").
12 to 13,000 hands are employed, working in three shifts.
W. of Bochum
Werk Höntrop
One of the Bochumer Verein group, owned by Vereinigte Stahlwerke, the works is situated m. West of Bochum main station. It has 4 open-hearth furnaces with an annual capacity of 500,000 tons of crude steel.
The works has a rolling mills capable of handling the whole of its steel output, and the finished products cover the usual range.
The work's special product is tubes.
Werk WeitmarS.E. Bochum
part of the Bochumer Verein group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G., the steel works are situated I2 m. E. S.E. of Bochum main station. There eure 7 Open-hearth furnaces with a crude 3teel capacity estimated at 100,000 tons per annum. The rolling mills are capable of absorbing the whole of the steel output. Steel castings are the speciality of the works.
The works employ about 800 workers.
Eisen und Hüttenwerke A. G,N.K. of Bochum
Owned by the Otto Wolff Group the works situated I5 m. North East of Bochum station. There are 3 Open-hearth furnaces having an annual estimated capacity of 130,000 tons of crude steel. The rolling mills are capable of handling the entire steel output. In addition to the normal range of finished products, the works manufactures chromium - molybdenum and chromium - nickel steel.
3.000workers are employed.
HenrichshütteHattingen
Situated adjoining the railway on the South bank of the River Ruhr and 5 m. South of Bochum, the works are part of the Bochumer Verein group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A. G There are 2 blast furnaces with an estimated annual pig Iron capacity of 250,000 tons; and 8 Open-hearth furnaces having a capacity of approximately 250,000 tons of crude steel per annum. The rolling mills and shops in addition to the usual range of products are said to be making tank bodies and submarine components. About 5,000 workers are employed.
The works has its own power station (see also under "Public Utilities").
Engineering and Armaments
Werk StahlindustrieS.of Allee Str.
Situated North West of the main station between the main line and Allee Strasse, the Stahlindustrie works is part of the Bochumer Verein group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke. The works comprise mills and shops making the usual range of products, and in addition chromium - molybdenum and chromium -nickel steel, they also make drop forgings.
Westfalia Dinnendahl Groppel A. GBochum
The works are known as the Werk Westfalia and are situated immediately adjoining Bochum station to the North East. They manufacture railway and mining equipment and also grinding and cutting machines.
2.000workers are employed.
Westfalia Dinnendahl GrOppelReimke
(Werke GrOppel)
These works are 2$ m. North of Bochum main station and are presumed to be producing the same products as Werk Westfalia. In addition to those listed above, the firm produces coal cleaning and ore dressing plant, mine ventilators and shaft winding equipment.
Maschinen und Bahribedarf A.G.
Loci tum
(3)
Formerly Orenstein & Koppel, the works are situated to the North West and adjoining Bochum main station. The works make railway equipment, and have a capacity of 20,000 field wagons per annum. 800 workers are employed.
Gebrüder EickhoffHunscheidtsfeld(3)
The Gebrüder Eickhoff Maschinenfabrik und Eisengiesserei works are situated 1-2- m. South of Bochum main station. They are important manufacturers of mining machinery including ooal cutting and ore dressing plant; compressors are also made. Roughly 1,000 workers are employed,
Fahrzeug-Werk LuegBochum(3)
Situated adjoining and North East of Bochum main station, the firm manufactures motor car bodies.
Drahtwerke LangendreerLangendreer(3)
Owned by the Westfälische Union A.G. für Eisen- und Drahtindustrie group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G., the works are situated at Langendreer 1+ m. East of Bochum main station, and they marufacture high grade steel wire and wire products and are believed to be making heavy bomb cases.
G. Wolff Jr. G.m.b.H.Linde(3)
Manufacturers of mining and coke oven machinery, they are located A m. South West of Bochum main station.
Balcke Maschinenbau A.G.Bochum(3)
Manufacturers of pumps and compressors, the works are situated m. North West of Bochum main station.
Chemicals and Explosives
Lotliringen 5Gerthc(3)
Owned by Bergbau A.G. Lothringen, this timber impregnation plant is situated adjoinir^
Lothringen Pit 5, 3? m. North East of Bochum main station. The plant impregnates railway sleepers; there is a large timber yard.

BÖBLINGEN (Wurttemberg)
48° 40' N. 9° E: 450 miles: (15,000)
Böblingen is 8 miles South West of Stuttgart on the main line from Stuttgart to Schaff hausen and Zurich. There are a few engineering firms and textile factories, but the two important aircraft works mentioned below form the main industry of the town.
FlugzeugwerkeBöblingen(3)
The Hans Klemm Leichtflugzeugbau G,m. b.H. employed approxim: 500 workers before the war and were building the K.L. 35, a two-seater training and towing plane in two versions; one with a Hirth 60R engine (70-80 h. p. ) and one with a Hirth 504 engine (90-100 h. p.)
Their output of these in 1938 was 10 monthly.
In July 1942 it was reported that the Böblingen factory was employing 1,200 workers on the production of training aircraft and gliders.
Ground intelligence suggests that this factory is working in association with the Daimler-Benz A.G. branch at Sindelfingen.

BOHLEN (Saxony) See under LEIPZIG.

BOMLITZ (Hanover) See ander Hanover.

BONN (Rhineland)
50° 45' N. 7° 5' E: 320 miles: (100,000)
Bonn is on the left bank of the Rhine and on one of the main lines from Cologne to Southern Germany. It is a junction for Euskirchen and Düren. Bonn is chiefly a University town, but contains a number of small industries, including metals, chemicals, engineering,and foodstuffs. The only firms of individual importance are mentioned below.
Transportation
Railway Traffic CentreBonn(3)
This traffic centre includes goods yard3, shunting and large storage accomodation.
Non-Ferrous Ketal Manufacture and Fabrication
LeichtmetallwerkeAm Nordbahnhof (2)
The Bonn factory, which is situated on the West side of the railway near the Nordbahnhof, was formerly the main works of the Vereinigte Leichtmetallwerke &. m. b. H. These have now been partly transferred to Hannover, but the Bonn plant continues as a branch works and is engaged on the fabrication of light metal alloys for the aircraft industry. It is also reported to be making bomb components, bodies for incendiary bombs, and fuzes. The works were damaged in an early raid, but have since been repaired and enlarged.
Engineering and Armaments
RhewemaBonn(-)
The Rheinische Werkzeug und Maschinenfabrik G,m.b.H. (Rhewema), whose parent work3 are in Krefeld, normally employ about 150 workers on the manufacture of various types of precision tools, including twist drills, pumps, reamers and milling machinery.

BORNA (Saxony) See under Leipzig.

BOTTROP (Westphalia)
51° 30' N. 6° 55' E: 310 miles: (86,000)
The area covered is roughly the administrative district of Bottrop. The Northern boundary is approximately parallel to and one mile North of the autobahn; the Southern boundary being the Emscher Canal. In the East, Kolonie Rheinbaben and Kolonie Welheim are included; the Westphalian-Rhineland provincial boundary forms the Western boundary.
There is a large electrical power station which is connected to the principal industrial target - the Ruhröl synthetic oil plant at Bottrop-Welheim. Southeast of Bottrop are the two "Prosper' collieries and the coking plant.
The Emscher canal is not navigable and is used only for drainage.
Public Utility Services
Ruhröl Power StationBottrop-Welheim (1)
This thermal power station is situated adjoining and Just North of the synthetic oil plant, 2^ miles North East of Bottrop station. It has an estimated capacity of 100 1W. There is an indoor substation adjacent to the generating plant. Power is supplied to the oil plant by low and medium voltage cables; steam is also supplied to it from the generating plant. The electrical demands of the oil plant are estimated at 75 MW. and the annual consumption at 550 million kWh. One high voltage overhead line probably connects with the Essen-Karnap station, while another is connected to the Hambom substation.
(See also under "Liquid Fuels". )
Municipal Gas WorksBottrop(3)
Situated North We3t of Bottrop main station, the municipal gas works handles 101 million cubic feet of gas per annum.
Solid Fuels
Prosper coking ovensEast of Bottrop (2)
Owned by Rheinische Stahlwerke A.G. the plant is situated at Prosper Pit 4 1? miles East North East of Bottrop station. There are 315 ovens with a rated dry coal capacity of 1 ,860,000 tons per annum.
Rosper Colliery, Pits 1 and 2South East of Bottrop(2)
These pits are situated East of Bottrop station; in 1937 output was 1,827,000 tons of hard coal.
The mine also has its own power station (30MW).
Prosper Colliery, Pit 3South of Bottrop (2)
This pit is situated South of Bottrop station and produced 1,582,000 tons of hard coal in
1937.
Liquid Fuels Ruhrfil A.G.
Bottrop-Welheim(2)
The synthetic oil plant is situated 2^ miles North East of Bottrop station, and 1 mile West of Horst Nord, It is owned by Rührol' A.G. and covers an area of 150 acres. The raw materials are Pott-Brocke extract and pitch. Bergius capacity is 100,000 tons'.
The company is oontrolled by Matthias Stinnes
G.m. b. H. and the MBlheimer Bergwerke A.G Products are petrol, gas-oil, and lubricants. The plant has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities").

BOUS (Saar)
Engineering and Armaments
MannesmannBous(2)
The Mannesmann RBhrenwerke A.G. at Bous specialize in the manufacture of compressed cylinders, various types of pipings, sections and fittings. Since the war one or more departments are engaged on the productions of bomb casings. 2,000 to 3000 workers are employed.

BRACKWEDE (Westphalia)
52° N. 8° 30' E: 370 miles: (15,000)
Brackwede is on a branch railway some 5 miles South of Bielefeld. The town's activities include engineering firms and chemical works, but apart from those mentioned below, none are of individual importance.
Engineering and Armaments
MetalltfirenBrackwede (3)
The Deutsche Metalltfiren August Schwarz A.G. are normally manufacturers of steel doors,
3afes, and all types of presses. The parent works of the company are in Brackwede, and there is a branch factory in Berlin. In 1938 the two plants employed a total of some 700 workers, and they are now reported to be producing components for tanks and A.F.V's.
Kaiuaerich-WerkeBrackwede(3)
The Kammerich-'iYerke A.G. normally employ
1,000workers on the manufacture of steel tubes and components for pressing and stamping machinery.
PresawerkeBrackwede(3)
The Ruhrstahl Presswerke A.G., whose parent works are in Witten, are a subsidiary of the Ver.Stahlwerke A.G. of Düsseldorf. The Brackwede plant manufactures automobile components, and apparatus for the food and chemicals industries.
„13
w'de J)

BRANDENBURG (Brandenburg)
52° 25' N. 12° 30' E: 545 miles: (76,900)
Brandenburg an der Havel is 30 miles West of Berlin on the railway from Berlin to Magdeburg. The town is divided by the river Havel into two sections. The Altstadt on the right bank has largely preserved its mediaeval character and is a closely built area. The Neustadt on the left bank of the Havel is the chief shopping and commercial quarter. Brandenburg has had a considerable industrial development in recent years, notably through the expansion of the Arado aircraft works and the Opel factory. In addition to these firms, and to the iron and steel and engineering works described below, the industries also inclnde chemicals, textiles end leather.
Transportation.
Railway Repair ShopsBrandenburg- (l)
West
These large railway workshops are situated in the Western quarter of the town adjacent to, and South of the Altstadt station. They are believed to employ several thousand workers on the repair and maintenance of rolling stock and locomotives.
Iron and Steel
F. Flick K.G.Brandenburg (2)
The Mitteldeutsche Stahl & Walzwerk F. FlicknK.G., whose parent works are in Düsseldorf, have at Brandenburg a large steelworks and rolling mill, where 3,000 workers are employed on the manufacture of armour plate for ships, submarine hulls, and A.F.V.'s. The open hearth furnaces of this plant have a capacity of 300,000 tons of steel per annum.
Public Utility Cervices
N
Städtisches GaswerkBrandenburg(3)
In 1937 this gas works carbonised
11,000tons of coal and sold 197 million cubic feet of gas.
Switching StationBrandenburg(3)
This is a substation on the 220 kV Brauweiler-Spandau line. It is situated in open country beyond the
outskirts of Brandenburg.
It is not certain that there is a tapping from the line at Brandenburg.
If there is it would be used to reinforce the supply to this town and the adjacent area.
Aircraft and. Aero Engines
:rlia 39 a ' the rtic : hu arnl: aru. S !lag d L-darti ir. of ie to the itch'd ii lei-.bc.
AradoBrandenburg )
AradoNeuendorf)
• (1)
The Arado Flugzeugwerke G.nub.H. have their main factory at Brandenburg.
The works are divided into two sections by an aerodrome some kms. in length, which lies on the right side of the load lending from Brandenburg to Plaue. These sections are known respectively as Arado Brandenburg and Arado Neuendorf. The two plants are reported to employ a total of some 6,500 workers on the production of aircraft, particularly HE-177, and various types of training and reconnaissance planes. These works undertake the entire production and assembly of HE-177 and have their own research and designing department.
Engineering and Armaments
OpelBrandenburg
12
The well known German motor manufacturers of Adam Opel ß.G., whose parent works are at Ruasels-heim, have their chief branch factory at Brandenburg, where some 3,000 to it-,000 workers are reported to be employed on the production of heavy lorries, A.F.V's and other types of military transport.
BrennaborBrandenburg
The Brennabor Werke A.G. formerly made a small type of motor car but in 1933 their factory was largely converted to the manufacture of components for the motor and other industries. It is believed that they now produce bicycles and light military transport and are reported to employ some 5,000 workers.

BRAUBACH (Rhineland)
(3,400)
Braubach lies 3 miles S.E. of Koblenz on the opposite side of the Rhine. The only nameworthy industrial establishment in this town is the zinc works mentioned below: -
Non-ferrous metals
Blei-u. Silberhutte Braubach Braubach(3)
Controlled by Metallgesellschaft A.G. Frankfort through Berzelius Metallhutten G.m.b.H. This works produces precious metals, crude and refined lead and zinc. Its annual capacity is estimated to be
45.000tons of crude lead and
45.000tons of refined lead.

BRAUNSBERG (East Prussia)
54° 20' N. 19° 50' E: 855 miles: (18,000)
„Braunsberg lies on the main railway from Danzig to
Königsberg, and is a Junction for Mehlsack and the Baltic town of Frauenberg. The town's only industries are a few mall leather works, none of which are worthy of note.

BRAUNSCHTEIG (Brunswick)
Braunschweig, or Brunswick, on the river Oker, is the chief town of the State of the same name. It is situated on the fertile plain North of the Hartz Mountains and lies in the rich agricultural district of the Aller basin. The town is the principal marketing centre for the com, sugar, vegetables and cattle of the area. The inner town is a well preserved survival of mediaeval days with many half-timbered houses.
In early years Brunswick was a road Junction on the trade route from Hamburg to Southern Germany and the town still retains its importance as a conmunications centre. It is on the railway midway between Magdeburg and Hannover with through connections to the Baltio and North Sea coast. Brunswick is linked by its harbour with the Mittelland Canal and thus has direct access to Germany's extensive inland waterways system.
Formerly Brunswick's chief speciality was the preservation of foodstuffs and it is still an important supplier of the aimed forces'

The town has, however, now become of outstanding importance owing to the development of the aircraft and engineering industries. There are two large aircraft works in the town and two equally important works in the outlying districts of Querun and Waggum which lie within the administrative area. The industrial plants in Brunswick are mainly grouped in the southern quarter of the town in the neighbourhood of the railway yards and in the northern outskirts where there are several factories chiefly engaged in engineering.
II
Shortly before the war the Hermann Goring concern erected a huge steel plant in the village of Hallendorf some 8 miles South West of Brunswick. This plant is one of the largest of its kind in the Reich and the industrial importance of Brunswick increased still further after its construction. For this reason these works are included in the targets listed below, although they are situated well beyond the boundaries of the town. The plant is extensively provided with load and rail communications linking it through Brunswick with other parts of Germany.
Transportation
Inland PortVeltenhof(3)
Some two miles North of Brunswick and included in the town administrative area is the village of Veltenhof near which is situated a small inland port. This port is linked by the river Oker with Brunswick in the south and the Mittelland Canal in the north.
Marshalling YardsBrunswick-Sud (2)
In the southern part of the town
is a large marshalling yard which
has recently been considerably
extended. It is of particular
importance as a transport centre
for the Hermann Goring works at
Hallendorf and for this purpose a
new bridge over the river Oker has
been constructed to carry the lines
further West. The marshalling yards
in the eastern quarter of the town Brunswiok-Ost (3)
deal mainly with normal freight
traffic.
Public Utility Services
Kraftwerk HallendorfHallendorf(l)
This thermal power station is owned by the Hermann Goering steel works and is their principal source of power. It has a capacity of 260 MW. and is the eighth largest power station in the Reich.
Municipal Power StationBrunswick(3)
This is a thermal power plant belonging to the A.E.G. concern and has a capacity of 30 MW.
Municipal Gas WorksBrunswick(3)
The municipal gasworks of Brunswick had in 1937 a turnover of about 600 million cubic feet of gas.
Solid Fuels
Salzgitter Coking PlantHallendorf(2)
This coking plant is included in the site of the Hermann Goring steel works and had 220 ovens working in 1943 when its maximum rated dry coal capacity was said to be 1,550,000 tons. A further 220 ovens are planned.
Iron and Steel
Hermann GoringIlallendorf(1 +)
The Reichsvyerke A.G. für Erzbergbau und Eisenhütten Hermann Goring have at Hallendorf one of the largest steel plants in Germany. Although construction started before the war the works are still incomplete but are being rapidly extended. The site is built in two units ani the Huttenabteilung includes a coking plant, a large by-products plant, gasholders, blast furnaces, steel plants and rolling mills. The works are reported to produce two million tons of pig iron and two million tons of Thomas and Siemens steel per annum. A branch canal is under construction to connect with the Mittelland Canal and the works have their own power station (see above). Additional roads and railway lines are being built to link the plant with Brunswick and other parts of Germany. Some 20,000 workers were reported to be employed here in 1942 and that number has probably now been considerably increased.
Aircraft and Aero-Engines
•dt t.
Bliss ing-N. A. G. (NIRMO)Querum(2)
Formerly known a3 the NiedersÄchische'
Motorenwerke G.m.b. H. , this plant is situated in the Querumer Wald in the Northern outskirts of Brunswick. It is engaged on the production of the Daimler Benz D. B. 601 aero-engine, and is reported to employ some 4,000 workers.
Btt A
The factory is looated in the southern part of the wood. The site is heavily camouflaged and considerable extensions to the testing sheds and other plants have been made.
Hermann GÖringLamme(2)
iorf (''
Some two miles to the West of Brunswick and included in the town's administrative • area, is the small Village of Laame near which is situated the aircraft works and testing laboratory of the Luftfahrtforschungs-Anstalt Hermann GOring. Tills la chiefly an aircraft research en^ testing plant but recent reports suggest that planes are now being manufactured there,
Flugzeugreparaturfabrik G. m.b. H.Zimmerstr.(3)
These works are reported to employ several hundred workers on the manufacture of aircraft components and the repair of aircraft, particularly wings.
M. I. A. G.Waggun(1)
This is the main assembly plant of the Mfthlenbau und Industrie A. G aircraft works of Brunswick. It is situated near the Waggum aerodrome and chiefly assembles planes of the Me. 110. A total of 2,000 workers is reported to be employed in this and in the other two M.I.A.G. Brunswick works, with both of which this plant is connected by rail. A quota of 130 F.W. 190 per month is believed to have been allotted to the M.I.A.G. factory in the 1944 programme.
M.I.A.G.Ross Str. (1)
Known as the Wilhelmitor works, this is the main oomponents factory of the M.I.A.G. concern and manufactures airframe parts whioh are then transported to the assembly plant at Waggua
M.LA. G.Frankfurterstrasse (2)
Th Ntupetritor works is a second subsidiary company of the ü. I. A. G. concern engaged on the manufacture of air-frame components for the assembly plant at Waggum. A large section of this works is still engaged on the production of a variety of general engineering products not connected with the aircraft industry.
Engineering and Armaments
Btis3ing-N. A. G.Heinrich BÜ33ing
Strasse (2)
This factory is situated in the southern quarter of the town and formerly produced cars and motor buses. They are now engaged on the manufacture of components for all types of military transport, artillery, tractors and A.P.V's, They are reported to employ 3ome 6,000 workers.
Pantherwerke A.G,Ludwigstrasse(3)
Situated in the northern part of the town, the works of the pantherwerke A. G. lie approximately " a quarter of a mile North west of the Nordbahnhof.
They formerly produced cycles and perambulators, but now manufacture all types of bicycles and motor cycles for military use.
SchmalbachFrankfurterstrasse (3)
The J. A. Schmalbach Blechwarenwerke A. G. are producers of metal plate and of all varieties of containers for use in the canning industry.
In 1936 this firm absorbed the Karger Hammer Maschinenfabrik A. G. of Brunswick,makers of machinery, a firm which also specialised in the requirements of the canning industry. The combined plants of these firms in Brunswick employed some 3,000 workers before the war.
Brunsviga Maschinenwerke A.G.Kastanien Allee(3)
The works of the Brunsviga Maschinenwerke Gramme Natalis & Co. A.G. are situated in the eastern quarter of the towi and lie Just West of the Prinz Albrecht Park. They are the leading German producers of all kinds of calculating machines and are probably engaged on the manufacture of small arms components suitable to this type of plant. They normally employ several hundred workers.
ruse (j
Wilke Werke A.G,Bahnhofstrasse(2)
This firm is chiefly engaged on the production of installations for the oil and gas industries including refining installations, gasholders, benzine tanks and various types of boilers. They now employ about 1,000 workers.
Voigt lander A Sohn A.G,Gliesmarode(3)
Voigtlander A Sohn A.GCampestrasse(3)


The firm of Voigtlander A Sohn A. Ck is a subsidiary company of the Schering-Kahlbaum concern of Berlin. Their main factory is at Gliesmarode in the North East area of the town. In peace time these works were engaged on the manufacture of cameras and various types of photographic apparatus and appliances. They are now partly engaged on the production of optical instruments, bomb sights and other precision equipment. The premises at Campestrasse in the southern quarter of the town include the administrative offices, storage depot and a subsidiary factory which also produces photographic ap>p>aratU3. A total of 1,000 workers was employed in 1939 in the two works.
Signalwerke G. m. b. H.Ackerstrasse(2)
This i3 a branch factory of the Vereinigte Eisenbahn Siffial Werke Gm.b, H. whose parent works are at Bruchsal. The company is owned partly by the Siemens A Halske concern and partly by A.E. G. The Brunswick plant manufactures all types of railway signals, and other transport installations. It is believed that at least 1,000 workers were employed at this factory in 191-2.
Pranke u. HeideokeSalzdahlumerstrasse(3)
Those works employed some 300 workers in 1939 on the manufacture of photographic apparatus.
•f
Textiles. Rayon. Pulp and Paper
Braunschweiger A.G.Spinnerstrasse(3)
The main factory of the Braunschweiger A.G. fftr Jute u, Flachs-Industrie, is situated in the Northern outskirts of the town and lies on the western bank of the river Oker. It is a Jute and flax spinning plant now owned by the Weidaer Jute-Spinnerei u. Weberei A.G. which also has branch works in Bremen and Hamburg.

BREBACH. Saar See under Saarbrücken. -

BREMEN
53° 3' N. 8° 50' E: 390 miles: (383,000)
Bremen, the second largest port in Germany, lies on both banks of the Weser, some 30 miles from the mouth of the river. It is one of the main terminals of the transatlantic shipping route.
It has direct rail communication with Berlin, Hamburg, Hanover, the Ruhr and other parts of Germany.
The town is divided into four districts. On the right bank is the Altstadt and the Vorstadt. The Neustadt and the Sttdvor-stadt are on the left bank of the river. The town area embraoes the Suburbs of Hastedt and Hemelingen, and the Administrative area of Bremen also extends 12 miles down the Weser to include the outlying districts of Vegesack and Blumenthal. Delmenhorst, which is in the State of Oldenburg, is dealt with separately.
There are three main industrial sections of Bremen, the most important of which covers the whole of the dock area on the North East bank of the river below the old town, starting immediately below the bridge aaross the Weser and extending to include the important industrial plants on the North West side of the Handels and Industrie Hafen. In this district are included the important ship yards of Deschimag, engineering and shipping equipment manufacturers, aircraft works, steel works and an oil refinery. To the North East of Bremen there are airoraft factories and engineering plants while South of the city are the aerodrome, an engineering factory and the gas works.
Transportation.
Port AreaBremen (3)
The main port area comprises four harbours known as the Werft, Industrie, Handels, and Holz u. Fabrikenhafen. These lie to the North West of the city on the right bank of the river. Just North of the Eisenbahn Brftcke on the left bank, is the Kleine Weser, a small tributary of the main river which gives access to Hohentorshafen imnediately West of the Neustadter Bahnhof.
There are many snail industrial undertakings and storage depots in this area.
Marshalling lardsKirchweyhe (3)
The chief marshalling yards in the Bremen area are on the main line to ösnabrftck 8 miles from the city centre and near to the outlying suburb of Kirchweyhe. These yards serve the traffic between the Ruhr and North West Germany and the ports of Bremen and Hamburg. They are capable of handling up to 2,000 wagons per 2U hours.
333,00c;

Goods StationBremen (3)
The chief goods station in the Bremen district is situated West of the Hauptbahnhof and includes marshalling yards which handle traffic for the numerous branch lines serving the dock area.
Goods StationBremen (3}
A goods station and marshalling yards are situated immediately to the South of the Neustadter Bahnhof on the line leading from Delmenhorst to Oldenburg and Wilhelmshaven.
Railway Repair ShopsSebaldsbrück (1
These highly important railway repair shops are In the South East suburb of Sebaldsbrück.
It is believed that some 5,000 workers are now employed. In addition to the maintenance of locomotives and railway rolling stock, the repair of heavy lorries i3 also undertaken on a large scale.
Public Utility Services
Elektrizit&ts WerkHastedt (2)
This municipal power station (thermal) has a capacity of 79 MW.
Nordwestdeutsche Kraftwerke A. G
Werk UntermeserBlunenthal(1)
Situated at Farge in the outlying district of Blunenthal, this thermal power station is the largest of its kind in the area. It has a capacity of 200 MW and supplies a considerable portion of North West Germany,
KraftwerkOslebshausen(3)
This thermal power plant is owned by the Norddeutsche Hütte A.G. and has a capacity of 15 MW.
Gas WerkNeustadt (3)
This is the municipal gas works supplying a large area of Bremen. Its annual turnover in 1938 was about 1 ,000 million cubic feet of gas.
Liquid Fuels
Oil RefineryOslebshausen (1)
The oil refinery of the Deutsche Vacuum Oel Co. is situated in the North suburb of Oslebshausen.
It has a capacity of 100,000 tons per annum and is specially equipped to produce high-grade
lubricating oils from German crude oils and is believed to be working at full capacity.
Oil RefineryHonentorshafen (3)
The refinery of the Mineralöl - Raffinerie Vorm.
August Korff A.G. is adjacent to the Atlas Werke.
In 1940 some 580 workers were employed on the production of grease and similar heavy lubricants.
Iron and Steel
Norddeutsche KOtte A. G.Oslebshausen (3)
These steel works which are owned by the Krupp concern, are located in the northern district of Oslebshausen. The Ettttenabteilung includes a plant of 180 coke ovens and three blast furnaces.
They were reported in 1943 to produce some 400,000 tons of pig iron and 350,000 of coke per annum.
The company has its own power plant mentioned above under Public Utility Services.
Aircraft and Aero Engines

Foctke Wulf G. m. b. H.Airport
"""Hastedt
"""Hemelingen
The Pocke Wulf Company are believed to have transferred about two thirds of their Bremen plants to Eastern Germany, East Prussia and Poland. The remaining section on the aerodrome is believed to have been transferred into a depot where 3,000 workers are said to have been employed in 1943 on the modification, repair and maintenance of aircraft. It is believed that the Hastedt and Hemelingen works are now engaged on the production and modification of components for the airport works.
aj Industrie Hafen) (2) b) Lemwerder
This Company, which is a si&sidiary undertaking of the Deschimag concern, has its main plant in the Industrie Hafen, It is engaged on the assembly of Junkers 87 and production of major components for Junkers 87 aircraft. The firm has a subsidiary factory in Delmenhorst which is engaged on the manufacture of components. (See under Delmenhorst. ) and both the Industriehafen and Delmenhorst supply the final assembly plant at Lemwerder.
Ship Building Deschimag
Bremen

The Deutsche Schiff u. Maschinenbau A. G is one of the largest ship building concerns in Germany.
It undertakes the construction of all types of naval craft (excluding battleships) and also owns one of the most extensive submarine yards in the Reich. Prior to the outbreak of war large numbers of merchant vessels were also built by Deschimag, but naval construction now lias first priority and building of merchant vessels has practically ceased.
The main yards are situaxed in the area of the Werft and Industrie Hafen, where in 1943 destroyers and "U” boats of the 750 ton type were the main items on the shipbuilding programme. Up to 19 "U" boats have been reported as on the slips, with six fitting out in the basin. Up to 5 destroyers have been reported as under construction and a further 5 as afloat and fitting out. Reports based on aerial reconnaissance indicate that the 10,000 ton cruiser 'Seydlitz' is either being converted to an aircraft carrier or broken up, while a second 10,000 ton cruiser is being scrappjed. The Deschimag concern has branch yards at Wesermttnde and Bremerhaven and Bremerhaven and also owns the aircraft works of the Weser Flugzeugbau G.m.b. H. mentioned above.
Bremer Vulkan A.G.Vegesack(1)
These are among the most important of the "U" boat ship building yards. The 500 ton class of submarine is chiefly built at Vegesack. Reports received during 1942-43 show that at all times at least 14 'U" boats were in various stages of construction in the Vegesack yards. A large cargo ship was laid down in May 1943 The yards have their own foundries and machine shops. More than 4,000 workers were employed here in 1943
Atlas Werke A. G,Hohentorshafen (2)
These ship building yards construct small naval vessels, minesweepers, auxiliary freighters and pontoon ships but they are chiefly important as makers of ships propellers of which they are the leading German manufacturers.
/Engineering
Other products made here include under-water signalling apparatus and auxiliary machinery. Some 2,000 workers were employed at the Atlas yards in 1940.
Engineering: and Armaments C.F. Borgward A.G.
Ha3tedt
Sebaldsbrück
The main factory of this well-known firm of German motor manufacturers, is situated in the S.E. suburb of Hastedt. Formerly engaged on the production of +hree-ton lorries, this plant, where some 8,000 workers were employed in 1942 was then possibly connected to undertake other types of work including the assembly of torpedoes. In the adjacent district of Sebaldsbrück is a branch factory where in 191+2 some 6,000 workers were employed on the production of lorries, A,F.V's and other types of military transport.
Francke-Werke A.G.
Neustadt
(3)
Situated in the Neustadt district, this company in 1942 employed some 1 ,200 workers on the production of machinery said installations for the oil, water and gas industries. One or more of the departments of this plant are reported to be engaged on the machining of shell-bodies and containers for gas.
Kleinschanzlin
Grflnenstr.
(2)
The Kleinschanzlin - Bestenbostel G. m.b. H. specialises in the production of high-pre3sure and other pumps for naval and merchant ships.
Textiles. Rayon. Pulp and Paper Woll-Kinmer e i
Blumenthal
(2)
The Bremer Woll-Kämnerei A. G is believed to be the largest wool-combing plant in Europe. It is situated in the industrial district of Blumenthal on the Weser two miles below Vegesack. The works have their own quays, loading facilities and large storage sheds alongside the river. Several thousand workers were employed here before the war.
Jute Spinnerei
a) Nordatr
(3)
The Bremer Jute Spinnerei A. G has branch works which also include the firm's Head Offices situated in the Nordstr. The main factory is in Delmenhorst. A total of some 2,400 workers were employed in both plants in 1939.
Food Stuffs
Holzhafen
Oelfabriken A. G
The Bremer-Besigheimer Oelfabriken A.G. , has a large oil crushing plant in the Holzhafen which lies in the ii. T. area of Bremen. They were engaged in the crushing of vegetable oils and the plant has an annual capacity of 35,000 tons. Some 400 workers were employed in 1939.

Holzhafen
Kaffeehag
Kaffee Handels A.G. axe well-known manufacturers of caffein-free coffee products, and in peace time had a considerable export trade. They employed about 2,500 workers in 1939.
Roland MühleHolzhafen(-)
The plant of the Bremer Roland Mühle Erling & Co. K.G. consists of a flour mill with a capacity of 300 tons per day; and storage facilities capable of holding 100,000 tons of grain but even pre-war these were only utilised to the extent of about 10 per cent.
Gereke 4 DeppenHolzhafen(-)
The Gereke & Deppen Hansa Mühle A.G. is a subsidiary of the Roland Mühle Erling Company. The flour mill has a capacity of 200 tons per day and the grain 3ilo storage capacity of 00,000 tons.
Gebrüder Nielsen G.m.b.H.Hohentorhafen(-)
These rice end starch mills are adjacent to the Atlas Werke. They are reported to have a storage capacity of 2,500 tons.
Bremer LagerhausgesellschaftHafen III(-)
This company owns a number of large general warehouses and storage depots in various parts of the port area and employed a total of some 1 ,500 workers before the war. Their grain silos in the Hafen III area have a capacity of 80,000 tons.

BREMERHAVEN (Hanover)
53° 33' N. 8° 35' E: 395 miles: (79,000)
Bremerhaven lies on the right bank of the Weser some 30 miles North of Bremen. In 1924 the former suburbs of Lehe, Geestemünde and Wülsdorf were united to form the district of Wesermünde, now incorporated in the town of Bremerhaven. The port has direct railway communication with Cuxhaven and Hamburg,
In peace-time Bremerhaven is primarily concerned with the Transatlantic passenger service, and the passengers of the Nord Deutsche Lloyd and other Bremen shipping lines, embarked and disembarked at this port. There is an extensive dock system capable of accomodating the largest liners, and shipbuilding yards which have greatly increased in importance during the war. Bremerhaven is also a centre for the fishing industry, and has separate docks specially devoted to the handling of fish, for which it is the largest despatching station in Germany.
TransportationBremerhaven(3)
Port Area
The main docks are situated in the Northern quarter of the town in Bremerhaven proper.
They include the Kaiserh&fen I,II and III, which are at that end of the town nearest to the mouth of the Weser. They can accomodate the largest ocean-going liners. The Alter Hafen and the Neuer Hafen are two smaller docks situated parallel with the banks of the river. Further upstream and beyond the mouth of the river Geeste,a tributary of the Weser, is the Hohentorshafen. The two fishing harbours in Wesermünde include Germany's largest fish despatch station.
Marshalling YardsLederheide(3)
These railway marshalling yards are situated in the Northern suburb of Lederheide. They serve the town and port areas and the branch lines to Cuxhaven and Hamburg.
Shipbuilding
DeschimagBremerhaven(1)
The Deutsche Schiff und Maschinebau A.G. , whose main works are at Bremen, have two important yards at Bremerhaven. The first, known as the Hauptwerk Geestemünde, includes two fitting out docks, machine factory, assembly shops, foundries and welding plants. The Werk Bremerhaven has three dock basins, repair workshops, and slipways capable of accomodating 6 U-boats of the 750 ton class. During 1942 these yards were working to capacity with 2 U-boats fitting out in the basin and 6 under construction on the slips. Naval craft and pontoons are also built at these yards.
/Unterweser
for
rea
The Schiffsbau Gesellschaft Untenreser A.G. constructs escort vessels and minesweepers.
Their yards include dry docks, machine shops, and eight slips each able to accommodate vessels up to 3001 in length. They are believed to be turning out 200' escort vessels at the rate of one every two months. Several thousand workers are employed.
Norddeutsche WerftBremerhaven (3)
Some 800 yards from Its mouth, the Hiver Geeste forms a sharp "S" bend, on the right Bide of which are shipyards believed to belong to the Norddeutsche Werft. They are reported to undertake the construction of escort vessels and minesweepers.
TecklenborgBremerhaven (-)
The former shipyards of Tecklenborg & Co. were taken over by the German Government at the beginning of the war, and are now being used as a base for training naval personnel in the handling of warship machinery.
dek
nth
at
Food Stuffs
Nordsee A.G.
Wesermlinde (-)

The extensive fish depots of the Nordsee A.G. are built round the Wesermtlnde fishing harbours.
This company owns a large fleet of trawlers and is Germains largest fishing concern. She preparation and despatch of fish is undertaken in the WesermBnde depots and in peace time the Company had a considerable export trade. There are similar depots belonging to this concern in Hamburg and Cuxhaven and a total of 6,500 workers were employed in 1939.

BRESLAU (Silesia)
51° 5' N. 17° E: 740 miles: (625.000)
Breslau is the chief city of Silesia. It lies on the river uder and is on one of the main routes to Poland and the eastern front. The city is in two unequal halves divided by the Oder which flows through Breslau in several channels over which are numerous bridges. The larger portion, on the left bank, includes the old part of the town.
Breslau is the chief industrial centre of eastern Germany and is Important owing to its position near the Silesian coal and ore fields. Among its industries are engineering works including the largest railway wagon manufacturers in the Reioh, non-ferrous metal plants dealing chiefly with aluminium, aircraft works textile factories, and iron foundries. There are also in this district numerous small chemical factories, grain silos and flour mills.
In order to facilitate transportation of coal from Silesia to Stettin and other parts of Germany, a canal known as the Breitehbachfahrt canal has been built which, in conjunction with the Alte Oder, by-passes the northern outskirts of the city and Joins the Oder some two miles to the N.u.
Transportation
Marshalling YardsBreslau- (lj
Bockau
The chief marshalling yards and goods station lie to the S.E, of the main railway station. They can handle up to 5,°0U wagons per 24 hours. Included in this area are railway workshops employing some 1,200 workers on the repair and maintenance of goods wagons and locomotives.
Railway Repair ShopsBreslau(2;
Further important workshops are situated near the gas works which lie Just south of the Alte Oder.
They employ some 2,000 workers on the repair and maintenance of goods wagons and locomotives.
Public Utility Services
Städtisches Elektrizitätswerk•Scheibenweg (2)
This thermal power plant supplies the city area and has a capacity of 4P UW.
TschechnitzKraftborn (2)
Also known as the Kraftwerk Kraftborn, this thermal power plant has a capacity of 89 MW and belongs to the ESAG network.
Gas-Werke
a
These works, owned by the A.G. für Gas und Elektrizität, are of local importance only.
/Non-Ferrous

Bertrams A.G.Markisehestrasse (3)
H.Bertrams A.G' have their main works in Siegen with branch factories in Berlin and Breslau.
The Breslau plant employs some 400 workers and specialises in the manufacture of tube furnaces.
Metallhüttenwerke SchaefferHennigstrasse(3)
The MetallhCttenwerke Schaeffer & Schael A.G. are manufacturers of bronze bearings for locomotives and other copper and bronze products. They employ some 800 workers and also own the Hydrometer A.G. of Breslau.
Metallhuttenwerke HoffmannStriegauerstrasse (3)
The MetallhCTttenwerk Dr.Hoffmann and Go. enploy some 400 workers on the manufacture of metals for printing types, lead tin alloys and similar kinds of non-ferrous metal products.
Metallhüttenwerk KirchhofOfenstrasse(3)
The Metallhöttenwerk Kirchhof and Kbhnel employed some 450 workers in 1939. They are engaged on the production of aluminium alloys and silicium copper.
Metallhüttenwerk PinhoffOfenstrasse(3)
The M.G.Pinhoff Metal plant is adjacent to the Kirchhof and Köhnel works. It has been reported that several hundred workers were employed here in 1939 on the production of phosphor, and silicium copper. Reports suggest that in 1943 the works laboratories were experimenting.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Schlesische ReparaturwerftBreslau(3)
These workshops are engaged on the repair and maintenance of aero-engines and aircraft wings.
JunkersGandau(2)
The Jüngers Plugzeug und Motorenbau A.G. have an important factory on the Gandau aerodrome in the North West outskirts of Breslau. These works are believed to undertake the ccnplete assembly of aircraft and at least 5>000 workers are employed.
Linke HoffmannBreslau(3)
This works includes at least one department devoting it entire capacity to the manufacture of a/c components and probably also to the production and/or repair of a/c fuselages.
Ship Building
Breslauer SchiffsbauAn der Viehweide (3)
The Breslauer Schiffsbaugesellschaft G.m.b.H. normally specialises in the building and repair of barges and tug boats but may now be constructing T.L.C. and other military craft ‘ä'-^3ä •'suitable to this type of yard.
C.V/olheim1 sehe Werft u.HafenanlageCosel(3)
These small yards normally build barges, tug boats, and small river craft.
'
se
Engineering and Armaments
Lange Gasse Frankfurterstrasse)
Max Jansoh
F. & W. Schubert
These two companies employed some 400 workers each in 1939 on the manufacture of lorry-trailers.
"Famo"Breslau(l)
The "Famo" Fahrzeug und Motorenwerke G.m.b.H. formerly known as the Maschinenwerke Linke Hoffmann i3 situated in the southern part of the town between the main Linke-Hoffmann plant and the Freiburger Bahnhof. These works are reported to employ some 5,000 workers and manufacture all the M.A.N. type submarine Diesel and tank engines. They may al30 be producing artillery, tractors, lorries and other types of military transport. It is believed that at least one department of this works is now engaged on the building of aero-engines.
Archimsäes A.G.Märkischestrasse (3)
The Archimedes Schlesische-iSchsische dchrauben Fabriken A.G. is owned by the Linke Hoffmann concern and is situated between their main factory and the "Famo" plant. It ecploys some 1,300 workers and is engaged on the manufacture of machine, tools, screws, nut,bolts and machine components.

Linke Hoffmann A.G.Grund Strasse(1}
iiiiNikolai torstra3se (2 y
The Linke Hoffmann concern are the largest producers of- railway wagons in Germany and have two plants at Breslau. The main works are situated south of the MSrkischestrasse and adjacent to the Archimedes plant. They employ some 15,000 workers on the manufacture of 20-ton railway trucks of which they are reported to produce up to 10,000 per annum. The works and foundries have recently been considerably extended.
To the North of the main works and Test of the Kikolaitorstrasse is a subsidiary company of Linke-Hoffmarm undertaking which probably manufactures tank engines, motor vehicles, components for mobile repair shops, tractors, and dredgers.
They are reported to employ some 2,500 workers.
Bheinmetall Borsig A.G.ftindsfeld(3)
The parent works of this company are in Düsseldorf. The Breslau plant is situated at Hundsfeld in the northern outskirts of the town and reports suggest that some 1,500 workers are employed on the manufacture of light metal products for armaments, including bomb canponents and fuses.
Orenstein & Koppel A.G.Schmiedefeld(3)
In the western suburb of Schmiedefeld are the former storage depots and repair workshops of Orenstein and Koppel A.G. These are now reported to employ some 1,000 workers on the manufacture of A.F.V's and other types of military transport.
Deubag G.M.B.H.Tauentzienstrasse (-)
This company employs some 300 workers on the production of lorry trailers, cranes, bombs and lifts.
Schmoschever & Co.Kaiser Wilhelm Strasse (3)
The Gesellschaft für Feldbahnindustrie Schmoschever & Co. is situated south west of the Hauptbahnhof.
It manufactures steam and diesel small-gouge locomotives, trucks and road building machines.
itydrometer A.G.Siebenhufenstrasse (3)
This company is owned-by the Metallhuttenwerk Schaefer & Schael A.G. 3nd employs some 550 workers on the manufacture of speedometers, water and oil meters and special measuring instruments for the chemical industry.
sse l rsirwse %

BHESIAU (contd.) J.Kemma
Grabschenaratrasse
The works of the J.Kenma Eisengiesserei und Maschinenfabrik, employ sane 1,4X10 workers on the manufacture of road building and agricultural machines.
H.Meinecke A.G.Karlowitz
Situated in the northern suburb of Karlowitz this firm employs some 400 workers on the manufacture of water and electric meters of all types.

Chemicals and ibcploaivcs
H.Bergius & Co.Goldschmieden
The Chemische Fabrik Bergius A Co. is situated in the western suburb of Goldschmieden and prior to the war manufactured aluminium oocide and sulphuric acid.
Superphosphatwerka-d.Guntheibrficke
The Georg von Giesche's Erben plant specialises in the manufacture of superphosphate.
Vereinigte Holzindustrie A.G.Kaiser Wilhelm Strasse
This firm has its parent works in Gleiwitz.
The Breslau branch is a wood distillation plant.
Strahl & Walter K.G.Karlowitz
Situated in the northern outskirts of 3 res lau this factory manufactures nitro-cellulose varnishes, paints and glue.
F.Reichelt A.G.Gartenstrasse
Sane 700 workers are employed on the manufacture of drugs, and parmaceutical products.

Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Glanzstoff A.G.Friedewalde
Situated in the North East suburb of Friedewalde is a branch factory of the Vereinigte Glanzstoffabriken A.G. of Elberfeld. Known as the V/erk Cavallen it manufactures viscose rayon and is reported to have a daily capacity of 10 tons. The plant employed some 1,25b workers in 1939
KammgarnspinnereiStabeiwitz
The wool spinning plant of the Stabelwitzer Kammgarnspinnerei is situated in the outlying suburb of Stabelwitz three miles to the North West of Breslau. Some 1,500 workers were employed on the manufacture of worsted goods in 1939.
Rood Stuffs
Grosaslfihle A.G.Nikolai Stadtgraben
The main works of the Grosse Jfihle Oels A.G. are situated in Oels in Silesia. The Breslau branch consists of a grain storage depot and flour mill.
Rosenthaler Muhlenwerke A.G.Rosenthal
This company owns a large flour mill and storage plant in Breslau. The storage plant has a capacity of 21'0,000 tons and the mill had a daily output of 200 tons in 1939'
Schlesische MBhlenwerke A.G.Burgweide
Situated in the northern suburb of Burgweide is a flour mill which is reported to have a daily output of 100 tons in 1939.
Schottwitz A.G.ftirgweide
The Zuckerfabrik Schottwitz A.G. at Burgweide is the principal sugar refinery in the Breslau area.
Stadt. Hafen & LagerhausMÜhlstrasse
This is a grain silo and food storage plant.
The storage plant is reported to have a capacity of some 60,000 tons.
Emst BarkeMuhlstrasse
This grain silo has a storage capacity of 30,000 tons.

BRIESTE (Brandenburg) See under Senftenberg.

BRUCHSAL (Baden)
49° 5' N. 8° 35' E: 420 miles: (17,000)
Bruchsal is on the railway line from Karlsruhe to Heidelberg. The town is an important junction, but is chiefly noteworthy as the home of one of the largest German signal manufacturers. Its only other industries are a number of small engineering firms and paper works.
Transportation
Railway Junction3ruchsal(3)
Bruchsal is a junction for the important lateral route through the Black Forest to Stuttgart and Heilbronn. A few miles north of the town a branch railway connects with the main Karlsruhe-Mannheim line.
Engineering and Armaments
SignalwerkeBruchsal(2,
The Vereinigte Eisenbahn Signalwerke G.m.b.H. one of Germany's largest producers of railway signals, have their main factory at Bruchsal and a branch works in Brunswick. The company is owned partly by the Siemens & Halake concern, and partly by A.E.G. It manufactures all types of railway signals, electrical railway equipment and numerous other transport installations.

BRÜHL (Rhineland)
50° 50' N. 6° 53' E: 310 miles: (24,000)
The small town of Brühl lies on a branch railway some 10 miles North -west of Bonn. The town's chief activities are connected with the exploitation of the brown coal deposits in this neighbourhood. Apart from these there is a metal works, which is mentioned below, and a few minor engineering concerns.
Public Utility Services
KraftwerkBruhl(2)
Adjacent to the Roddergrube brown coal mine is a large thermal power station which has a capacity of 92 Mtf.
BRUKL (Contd)
Solid Fuels
Briquette WorksBrühl(3)
There are a number of these works excavating awl briquettir'5 the brown ooal in the neighbourhood of Brühl. The principal pits are owned by the Braunkohlen & Brikett Rodegrube A.G. and the company has its own power plant, mentioned above under Public Utilities.
Iron and Steel
Pohlig A.G.Brühl(3)
This is a branch factory of the Pohlig works at Cologne. They are constructors of cables, railways and transport installations.

BRUITSWICK
See under Braunschweig.

BUERRUHR See under Gelsenkirchen.

BUNZLAU (Silesia)
51° 15' N. 15° 35' E: 680 miles: (21,000)
Bunzlau is in Lower Silesia on the main line fron Dresden to Breslau, 30 miles west of Idegnitz. There are a few industries, including engineering and bookbinding and pressing works, but none is important.

BURGBACH Saar See under Saarbrücken.

BURG (Provinoe Saxony)
52° 15' N. 11° 50' E: 515 miles: (25,000)
&irg is situated approximately 15 miles North East of Magdeburg on the main railway to Berlin. The town's activities include glass manufacturers, furniture makers, and machine factories. These arc all on a small scale.

BURGHAUSEN (Bavaria)
48° 10' N. 12° 50' E: 620 miles: (6,300)
Burghausen is a small tovm in Upper Bavaria, 60 miles liast of Munich and close to the former Austrian border. It i3 on a branch line from Mühldorf, 15 miles to the West of Burghausen. The tov/n's importance is due to the branch factory of the large chemical fim of Wacker, mentioned below. There are no other industries.
Chemicals and Explosives
Wacker G.m.b.H.Burghausen(1)
The important chemical firm of Dr.Alexander Wacker G.m.b.H., of Munich, have their min works in Burghausen. This firm produces calcium carbide, chlorinated hyuro-carbons.
Other chemicals manufactured here include butyl alcohol, phosgene, synthetic shellac, ethyl alcohol, chlorine, chloroform, etlyl and methyl acetate, acetone, acitic-anhydride, acetylene, and acetate of cellulose. Prior to the war Wacker was believed to be the sole producer of some of these products.

BURGSTADT (Saxony)
50° 55' N. 12° 50' E: 560 miles: (18,000)
Burgstadt lies on the railway from Chemnitz to Leipzig, some 10 miles North of Chemnitz. The town's principal factories are chiefly connected with the clothing industry, particularly the manufacture of gloves and stockings. None of these finas are individually of importance.

BURSCHEID (Rhineland)
Engineering and Armaments
GoetzwerkeBursche id(3)
The fim of Goetzwerke, Friedrich Goetze A.G. at Buracneid employ 1,000 workers on the manufacture of components for internal combustion engines, particularly piston rings.

CASSEL (see ander KASSEL)

CASTROP-RAUXEL (Westphalia)
51° 35' N. 7° 20' E: 320 miles: (58,000)
The area here covered is the administrative district of Castrop-Rauxel, and forms an inverted triangle the base of which is the Emsoher Canal from Victor Hafen to the aqueduct of Henrichenburg, and whose apex is roughly at Merklinde.
Rauxel contains an important synthetic oil and synthetic ammonia plant and also two important tar distillation plants; photographic interpretation shows that one of these is only "possibly active .
Transportation
Rhein-Heme CanalN. of Castrop-Rauxel
A stretch of 3^ miles of the Rhein-Herne Canal is included in the North of Castrop-Rauxel area extending from Friedrich der Grosse harbour to Henrichenburg. Previously called the "Zweig Canal", this stretch is now known as part of the Rhein-Herne canal. The Victor concern has a private harbour Just North of the industrial complex.
AqueductHenriohenburg(3)
This aqueduct is situated 3 m. North of Castrop station, and is about J m. South We3t of the autobahn bridge over the canal, it carries the Rhein-Herne canal over the Emscher Canal.
Public Utility Services
Gew. Victor power stationRauxel(3)
The power station is situated to the North East of the Victor complex, lj m. North East of Rauxel station. It is of the thermal type, hard coal fired, and is believed to have a capacity of 40 MW.
Solid Fuels
Victor CollieryRauxel(3)
The colliery is situated 14 m. North East of Rauxel station and lies to the North of the Victor complex, it is owned by Klftckner Werke A.G., and includes the Ickern Colliery.
The output of hard coal in 1937 amounted to
2,186,000tons.
Victor 3/4 Coking plantHauxel(3)
The coking plant lies immediately south of the colliery sidings. Conveyors lead from the colliery to the ovens. There are 250 ovens in 5 batteries having an estimated annual dry ooal capacity of 1,269,000 tons.
A by-products plant adjoins the coke ovens to the South. (See under "Public
58,00c)

Utilities" for details of the power station , under "Liquid Fuels" for synthetic oil, and under "Chemicals" for the synthetic ammonia plant.)
Erin coking plantCastrop (3)
Situated at the Erin colliery, i m. South of Castrop station, the plant is owned by the Gel8enkirchener Bergwerks A.G, There are 120 ovens with an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 885,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.
Erin 2/5 collieryCastrop(3)
Located ^ m. South of Castrop station and owned by Gelsenkirahener Bergwerks A.G. the output of the colliery in 1937 was 1,058,000 tons of hard coal per annum. The colliery and coking plant is reported to employ about
l,600 workers.
Graf Schwerin coking plantCastrop(3)
The plant is owned by Bergbau A.G. Lothringen and is situated I5 in. South West of Castrop station at Westhofen. There are 150 ooke ovens with an estimated annual dry coal capaoity of 35'0,000 tons.
Liquid Fuels
Gew. Victor synthetic oil plantRauxel(2)
Owned by Klttckner Wintershall A.G. the Fischer-Tropsch plant occupies the South East quadrant of the Victor complex, 1-j m. North East of Rauxel station. The plant covers an area of 18 acres. Capacity is estimated at 100,000 tons of oil per annum. Storage capacity if reported to be Just over 22,000 tons.
TeerverwertungRauxel(2)
This tar distillation plant is located -j m.
North of Rauxel station, North of the railway line to Victor Hafen on the Zweig Canal. It is owned by Gesellschaft für Teervertwertung
m.b.H. and produces the complete range of tar produots. The capacity is estimated at 500,000 tons per annum.
Rütgerswerke A.G.Rauxel(3)
The tar distillation plant is situated adjoining Rauxel station to the North but South of the' railway line to Victor Hafen.
All tar products are made. Capacity is estimated at 200,000 tons per annum.
According to photographic interpretation the plant was only "possibly active" in 1943.

Cheroicala and Explosives
dew. VictorRauxel(3)
The synthetic aumonia plant is owned by Gewerkschaft Victor Stickstoff und Benzinwerk and is located 1^ North East of Rauxel station in the South East section of the Victor complex. The adjacent coke ovens (see under "Solid fuels”J supply hydrogen for the Claude ammonia synthesis.
Capacity is reported to exceed 25,000 metric tons of nitrogen per annum. The plant also makes nitric acid and is probably the world's largest producer of potassium nitrate.
(Victor synthetic oil plant is under "Liquid fuels", and the power station under "Public Utilities”)

CELLE (Hanover)
52° 35' N. 10° 5' E: miles: (28,000)
Several of the firms exploiting the oil deposits in the Province of nanover have their offices in Celle, a biscuit factory and several small hardware manufacturers are the only industrial plants.
The town is a centre for the marketing of agricultural produce.

CHEMNITZ (Saxony)
50° 50' N. 12° 55' E: 570 miles: (370,000)
Chemnitz ranks third amongst the cities of Saxony and is the oentre of Germany's hosiery and underwear manufacture. There are a large number of light engineering works whioh in pesos time specialised in the manufacture of textile machinery. There are some important aakers of machine tools and Cheimlti has also a large output of motor aid soars and biqyoles. The town is not on one of the —in German through routes hut is an important oentre for the railway system of the highly industrialised Prowinoe of Saxony. The railway repair shops among tha largest in Germany. To the Vest of Chsmnita ia the adjoining town Siegmar - SohSnau whioh, although a separate municipality, has been included in Chemnitm for the purposes of the Hat below.
Goods StationKappel)

These four goods yards, of whioh Xsppel and Sonnenberg (next to the main railway station) are the largest, have extensive storage fsoilities.
Railway Repair Shops
Hilbersdorf (2)
These highly important repair shops are believed to employ approximately 6,000 workers. Thsy include s marshalling yard with a pre-war capacity of 3500 wagons per 2k hoars.
Public Utility Serrioss
Electric power StationNordstr.(2)
Ails is a steam power station with a capacity of 7V MW. It is fcituated in the northern quarter of the town oloss to tha Schloss Teich, a large ornamental lake in the middle of the town.
Gas WortesChemnitz-Nord(2)
In 1938 these gss work sold 1,200 million cubic feet of gss.
tngl nearing sad Armaments
into UnionSiegnar(2)
These premises are tbs important qar manufacturing plant of tee Wanderer Werke and are leased to the into Union.
CHEMNITZ (oontd).
ftie works have a largo oapaoity and. have been reported to be making six-seater Kübelwagen, searchlight chassis and other types of military transport. One portion of this factory oomplex is still retained by the Wanderer Werke and is engaged on the production of machine tools including milling and cutting machinery.
Auto UnionRdsslerstr.(3)
This factory produoes electrical equipment for motor transport including batteries and searchlights.
Auto Union 'Rosemeyerstr.(3)

These premises, whioh were formerly known as the Prestowerke, were converted into central administration, spare parts stores and repair shops in 1938. According to ground reports they are still used for this purpose.
Auto UnionNeukirchenerstr.(3)
This is a further subsidiary factory of the Auto Union concern.
Wanderer WerkeSohdnau(2)
These works were among the leading German makers of typewriters, adding and calculating machines, and other office machinery. They are now believed to be engaged on the manufacture of small arms, armaments components and a variety of other engineering products of military importance.
ReineokerBemhardstr.(1)
The firm of J.E. Reineoker A.G. is one of the most important of all German machine tool makers. The factory is situated in the suburb of Gabions in the eastern part of the built-up area and in 1938 there were already over 3,000 workers. The products are milling and gear cutting machines, lathes of all kinds, and a wide variety of precision maohine tools and measuring instruments.
Deutsohe Niles A.G.Siegmar(3)
These works formerly belonged to the firm of Hermann Alfred Escher A. G They manufacture lathes and horisontal borers and a variety of other maohine tools.
Union.Zwiokauerstr.(3)
The Werkseugmasohinenfabrik Union (vormals Diehl) is owned by Karl Wetsel's Maschinenfabrik of Gera and specialises in horizontal and other types of boring machinery.
Bernhard Eaoher
Wettinerstr.
(3)
The SBahsisehe Werki s-ohinen Fabrik 3ernhard Fächer A. G. are specialists in lathes.
Nordstr. making lorry
Finsiedlerstr.
(3)
(3)
Neudel
C. Hermann Neudel is a firm and motor car springs.
Pfauter
Hermann Pfauter is a maker cf gear-outting machines.
SBohsische MaschinenfabrikChemnitz
This farm is one of Germany's principal manufacturers of conveyors and mechanical grate stokers.
C. Herrn. FindeisenChemnitz
Manufacturing goods and passenger lifts, overhead travelling and locomotive cranes, this firm is one of Germany's principal lift and hoist builders.
Nostitz u. Koch ChemnitzZwickauerstr. (3)
Manufactures transformers and switchgear.
Gesellschaft fur Junkers DieselkraftAltchemnitzerstn(3)
Maschinen m. b. H.
This is one of the principal German manufacturers of special type of opposed piston engines.
Hartmann-Lufthamnerbau,AntonHalse.Dresdner 3tr.(3)
Manufacturers of hydraulic forging presses and ancillary equipment. In particular this firm also makes small pneumatic drop hammers.
H.F. SohnickeJohannisstr.(3)
This firm are important small-tool manufacturers, specialising in milling cutters, reamers, and threshing tools.
Bachmann <St Ladewig A. G-.Strassburgerstr.(3)
This company are important manufaoturers of wood-working machines.
Masohinenf abrik GermaniaPabrikstr.(3)
(vorm. J. S. Schwalbe u Sohn)
This company is among the leading German makers of hydraulic turbines. It also makes steam engines, mechanical stokers, refrigerators, and a range of other meohar.ical engineering products.
Carl Hamel A.G.Schönau(3)
These works employed approximately
1,000harkls in 1938 and were important makers of textile machinery. No information is available as to the firms' present range of produots.
C.G. Haubold A.G.Uhllohstr.(3)
Before the war this firm were makers of textile machinery including dyeing and printing machines.
Schubert A SalzerLothringerstr.(2)
These important makers of textile machinery employed some 3,000 workers in 1939. They are now reported to be fully engaged on the manufacture of small arms and several light engineering products.
Kauffahrtei )
( (-) Dorf str. )
Visoosa Gm.b. H.
C.H. Weisbaoh
Before the war these two firms were siakers of all types of textile finishing machinery.
Richard HartmannA1tChemnitzer-(2)
str.
The SAohsisohe Textilmasohinenfabrik
Richard Hartmann A.G. increased in size during the years preceding the war and in 1939 enployed some 2,000 workers. The company has a second factory in Chemnitz (Hsrtmannatr. ). Pre-war produots were all kinds of spinning machinery. Reports suggest that the firm has been ooapletely converted and now makes maohine tools.
Slitewerke3iegmar(3)
The Elite Diamanten Werke A.G are owned by Opel's and are makers of bicycles and textile, particularly knitting, machinery.
They expanded considerably during the years 1936 to 1939- The firm's war time products are not known.
Litt' >•


Kappel A.G.Zwickauerstr.(3)
The Masohinenf abrik Kappel A. G. normally makes typewriters but it is reported that the works have now been turned over ohiefly to bicycles for army use,automatic gun parts, and A. A. shells. They now employ 1200 workers, mostly women, which is more than double the number employed in 1939.
Rother ' Kunze A. G.Schlossstr.(3)
In peace time this company makes furniture and has a second factory in Zeulenroda.
It is now reported to be producing precision instruments, cartridges, and shells, and to employ some 900 workers.
Schflnherr
The Sächsische Tebstuhli'abrik (Louis Schflnherr) specialise in weaving machinery and associated appliances.
The firm's war time products are not known.
G Krau the im A. G.
This firm of aluminium casters is reported to be now employing several thousand worker, in three shifts, making incendiary bomb casings on a large scale. Confirmation of this report is lacking.
Alex Drechsler
Th. Prippenow
These two firms are aluminium casters and makers of aluminium goods.
AstrawerkeAltchemnitzer- (3)

Rosenstr.
This firm which normally makes adding and calculating machines increased its workers from 650 in 1936 to 1,730 in 1939. It is presumably engaged on armament work suitable for this type of plant.
David Richter A.G.Annabergerstr.(-)
This firm is believed to make textile machinery and machine tools.
Emil DieterleClausstr.(-)
This firm specialises in band saws and band steel.

Biernatzki A Co.
Zschopauerstr.
This firm manufactures milling aud cutting machines. Prior t > the rar about 400 workers were employed.
Turnstr.
Bernhard GIIbs
Makers of lathes and machine tools.
Liribacherstr.
Gebr. Langer
These works specialise in screws, springs, and precision tools and are reported to employ 1,000 workers.
par aditBemsdorferstr.
The Faradit Rohr & Walzwerk A. 0. makes tubes and parts for electrical installations.
SchmirgelRottluft
(Weideweg)
The Schmirgel and Corundewerke Chemnitz A. G. makes aluminium oxide and silicon carbide for grinding wheels.
Chemicals and Explosives
H. Th. BBhme A. 0.Neefestr.
The factory belonging to this company is known as the BBhme Fett Chemie G.nub.H. and manufactures pharmaceutical and other chemical products.
Schlossstr. ) Lothringerstr. ( Alfredstr. |
Textiles, Rayon Pulp and Paper Williau ,;ans3en A. G.
Mafrasa A. G.
Mafrasa A.G.
The above are three of the large number
of hosiery manufacturers in Chemnitz.
Limbacherstr.
Gabelsbergerstr.
Theaterstr.
Dresnerstr.
Rudolf Kinder Anton Kurt Fuchs s ' Co. Hermann Hoffmann
The above are spinners and cotton doublers and are a selection from the large number of similar firms in Chemnitz.
C. Solbirg a. G.Dorfstr.
Josef WittSchulstr.
The above firms are worsted spinners.

CLAUSTHAL-ZELLERFELD (Hanover)
51° 48' N. 10° 20' E: 450 miles: (11,000)
Clausthal is a small torn, in the Harz district of the Province of Hanover, 30 m. South of Brun. wide. It ha3 a number of small firms engaged in the raining and fabricating of lead, the most important of which is given below.
Hon-Perrous petals
öberhauzer Berg- u.Clausthal (3)
Hüttenwerke (Preussag)
Owned by the Preussische Bergwerks- u. Hutten A.G., this firm has an annual capacity of
15,000metric tons of crude lead and 15,000 metric tons of refined lead.

OOBLHKZ (See ;i0HL2H2)

COBURG (Bavaria)
50° 15' N. 11° E: 490 miles: (29,500)
formerly the capital of a minor principality Coburg's industries are on a small scale comprising textiles, biscuit making and porcelain. Only the railway repair shops are worth noting.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsCoburg(3)
These medium-sized repair shops are mainly engaged on the repair of goods wagons.

COLOGNE (see KÖLN)

COSEL (see KOSEL)

COSWIG-ANHALT (Anhalt)
51° 55' N. 12° 30' E: 540 miles: (13,000)
Coswig is a small industrial town on the northern bank of the Elbe halfway between Dessau and 7,'ittemberg. (This is not to be confused with Coswig in Saxony). There i3 a small inland harbour, same roarufacture of matches and of paper and, in addition to the firm mentioned below, two chemical factories of lesser importance.
Chemicals and Explosives
Sprengstoff A.G.Coswlg(3)
The 7/estfalisch Anhaitische Sprengstoff A.G. are makers of nitro-cellulose oowder and mining explosives. The works has been reported to have a small sulphuric acid plant.

COSWIG (Saxony)
51° 10' N. 13° 30' E: 595 miles: (9,500)
This ™n irdustrial town lies on the N. bank of the Elbe halfway between Dresden and Meissen (it is not to be confused with Coswig in Anhalt). In addition to the important engineering works mentioned below there are a number of similar engineering firms.
Engineering and Armaments
Kirchbach'seheCoswig(2)
The äirchbach' sehe T/erke A.G. specialise in the making of brake linings, clutches and propellor shafts, and are reported to supply a large proportion of Germany's requirements of these products.
Leather
Kotitzer Ledertuch A.G.Coswig(-)
This firm specialises in oil cloth, leather doth and leather for uppers. It is a factory of some importance in this branch.

COTTBUS (Brandenburg)
51° 45' N. 14° 20' E: 620 miles: (55,600)
This is a very important railway Junction and, next to Berlin, the most inroortant Junction on the routes from YJ. and Central Germany to the Eastern frontiers. Six main lines ccme together near the centre of the town. There are large marshalling yards and an important railiy repair shop. There are a mmber of cloth factories, not one of which is of outstanding 3ize but which together made this town a valuable part of the German textile industry prior to the war.
There are also a number of mamfacturers of carpet and sail doth.
A more recent development is the erection here of a large aircraft works of EockekVulf.
Transportati on
Railway CentresCottbus(2)
In the S.Y7. quarter of the town and inxnediately to the ',7. of the main railway station, there is a Junction of four main lines approaching Cottbus fran theand S • , large marshal ~H pj yards and
goods yards and adjacent as also are the extensive railway repair ships. To the E. of the town is another railway Junction where the lines diverge to Frankfort/Oder, Posen, aid Breslau.
Gustav KnaokstebtCottbus(3)
This firm makes railway switch gear, signals and other railway accessories.

CRIMMTSCHAU (Saxony)
50° 50' N. 12° 25' E: 545 miles: (28,000)
This town , which is on the River Pleisse 25 miles E. of Chemnitz , has a number of textile works and makers of machinery, none of which is of great individual importance*

CUXHAVEN (Hanover)
53° 50' N. 8° 40' E: 410 miles: (30,000)
Situated at the mouth of the Elbe , this port owes its development
mainly to the Hamburg lines which disembark their passengers here
vessels and there are numerous naval an artillery depot*

DANZIG
54° 20' N. 18° 40' E: 800 miles: (260,000)
The city of Dar.zig is on the river Vistula four miles from its mouth.Frori Danzig the Vistula flows northwards into tne Baltic.
Keufalavmsser the outer port of Danzig, is on tne left bank close to the mouth of the river.

In the northern quarter of Danzig proper, along the banks of the Vistula, are the important Schichau and Danziger '.Verft ship building yards. ' A cut-off in the river Vistula, known as the Kaiserhafen and about li miles long, stretches from the Eastern end of the ship building area across a bend in the Vistula, which it rejoins halfway between Danzig and the river mouth. The port of Dar.zig with its ship building and ship rerairing activities, extends alongside these two waterways.
The principal docks are in the Holm, the island formed by the Kaiserhafen and the bend of the Vistula.
The town itself is divided by the stream of the Hottlau, a tributary of the Vistula. The north-west quarter constitutes the old city, with the main railway station on its western border. Two branches of the railway run from the main station west of the river Vistula to Neufahrwasser. A separate branch leaves the main line south of Danzig, encircles the city to the east, and serves tne ports or. the Kaiserhafen and the Holm Island as well as the railway rerair shops on the right bank of the river.
There are a number of large flour mills and various industries in the central city area and in the f'iederstadt (the south-east quarter of the town) , but it is a3 a ship and submarine building centre and as a naval and submarine base and arsenal that Danzig occupies a position of
major importance.
T ransnortat ion.
Marshalling TardaKaiserhafen(3)
Railway Repair uhopsKaiserhafen(2)
These extensive yards and installations are on the right bank of the Vistula near to the Houthern end of the Kaiserhafen. The railv/^ siding3 serving the quays and locks of the port area radiate from here. It is estimated that 2,000 workers are employed in the repair ...ops which before the war were the chief locomotive and rolling stock works supplying the roiish railways. Ground intelligence su, pests that in 1942 about 1,800 workers wer- • loy< and that this plant was principally engage-, or. repair and maintenance of inain line locor.: vss.
Goods -StationOlivaer Tor(3)
Imeäiately north of the main rr Iv.ay station are large marshalling and goods ards from which the branch lines radiate to the Dchichau and
the Danziger .Verft ship building yards.
Repair dhopsVerft gas se(3)
The railway repair works of the -anziger .'erft and Eisenbahnwerkstatten a.G. are between the
Olivaer Tor roods yards ana Danzif,er ..erft ship building yards.
Reuair shopsBroschkischerweg (3)
The railway continues fron-, the Clivaer Tor along the left bank of the Vistula to Leufahrwasser. The railway repair shops of the ,'faggonfabrik Danziger A.G. are on this line int-ediately fceyor.d the Schichau ship building yards.
j-arshalling YardsLauenthal (3)
There are also large Marshalling and goods yards along the second line connecting Danzig and heufalirwasser which runs parallel to and about or.e mile to the .Vest of the Vistula.
Goods St ationLeegetor (3'
A smaller goods yard in the southern part of the town.
Public Utility Services.
Gas worksDanzig(3)
There are two municipal gas works, or.e in the northern quarter of the town on the left bank of the Mjttlau, close to its Junction with the Vistula, and the second in the southern end of the town near to the Leegetor goods station. Their combined output in 1536 was about Ö3C million cubic feet.
electricity A'orksBleihof(3)
The municipal power station is inside the town area or. the right bank of the iiottlau.
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Petroleum StorageSchellmuhl (3)
The storage tanks of the former Baltisch Amerikanische 01 Co. are on the left bank of the Vistula north of the city. They have capacity for 10C,000 tons.
Oil StorageDanzig(3)
There are a number of oil tank installations in the southern part of the town along either bank of the "ottlau. These have an estimated total capacity of 70,000 tons.
Oil StorageNeufahrwasser (3)
Along the left bank of the Vistula inmediately south of Leufahrwasser and distributed over the open ground to the west of the river there are a number of oil storage tanks.
Ship Building
SchichauwerkeDanrig (l)
Those largo ship building yards are built along the left bank of the Vistula immediately north of the oity. There are six main slipways, three of them 700 feet long. The yards are equipped for the construction of large merchant ships and tankers and all kinds of ship repair. They build submarines, aral in 19W were reported to be completing three monthly. They have also undertaken oonstrujtion of floating docks and three of these, each with lifting capacity of 20,000 tons, were turned out during the early months of 191'3'
Danziger WerftDanzig (l)
The second large Danzig ship building oonem is also in the northern part of the oity further upstream from and almost adjacent to the Schiohau works. The yards of the Danziger Y/erft A.G. are on both banks of the Vistula, the area on the southern bank being the larger of the two. Their capacity is similar to that of Schiohau and they are also constructing submarines. Assault craft have been reported to be a speciality of these yards.
Wo Jan SchiffswerftTroyl)
Klawitter SchiffswerftStrohdeioh;
Those are two minor ship yards probably engaged on building and repair of small ooastal vessels. Klawitter is on the tongue of land on the right bank of the Uottlau where it Joins the Vistula, and Wojan is on the opposite bank of the Vistula near the suburb of Troyl.
Naval BaseDer Holm(l)
The chief naval establishment and arsenal are on the Holm Island, where there are two large and several smaller docks. The submarines using this harbour are mcored along the bank of the Kaiserhafen where two or three large ships are permanently moored to serve as living quarters. There are a large nunber of bull dings on the Holm serving as naval supply sheds and oil storage. Close to the south end of the Kaiserhafen several buildings of cement have been constructed on the Holm whioh are thought to be submarine pans or repair installations.
Chemieals and Sx-ploaivea
Milch A.G.Schellmuhl (-)
The Chemische Fabrik Milch A.G. is a subsidiary of the A.G. für Chemische Produktion in Stettin. Their products are fertilisers.
Foodstuffs
Otto Wildea.d. Gr. yiihle (_)
The Grosse Mühle Danzig Otto Wilde A.G. has grain silos with a capacity of 150,000 tons and a large flour mill situated in the central city area.
Speiser & Co.a.d. Schneidemühle (-)
A flour mill situated in the city area.
H. BartelsBaunbachallee (-)
A flour mill in the suburb of Langfuhr.

DARMSTADT (Hesse)
49° 50' N. 8° 40' E: 400 miles: (110,000)
Darmstadt is the chief administrative town of Hesse. There are two important ohemical works and a number of manufacturers of machinery. Most of tne industries are grouped to the West of the town near to the main railway station but the larger of the two chemical works lies to the North of the city. The municipality also includes the outlying suburb of Eberstadt, one mile to the south. Darmstadt is on the main railway line from North and Central Germany to Basle and Switzerland. It is the Junction for several lines leading to the Upper Rhine Valley and Württemberg.
Transportation
Marshalling yards (WERKII)Darmstadt(2)
On the west of the town and immediately north of the railway station are important marshalling and goods yards and railway repair shop.
Repair Shops (WERK I)Darmstadt(2)
Large railway repair shops are situated in the northern quarter of the town.
Railway JunctionsDarmstadt(3)
North West of the town and between the Nord- and Kaupt-Bahnhflfe are the Junctions of the various lines which meet in Darmstadt.
Aircraft and Acre Engines
Botsch 4 Co.Landwehrstr.(3)
This firm specialises in the manufacture of glider aircraft.
Engineering and Armaments
Venuleth 4 SllenbergerA. G.Landwehrstr.(3)
The Masohinenbauanstalt Venuleth 4 Ellehberger A- G. is a factory of some importance making agricultural machinery and machinery for the ohemical industry.
jAHiöTADT ( contd ]
MotorenfabrikKirachenallee(3)
c. Thfirs

:ae tcia eticil oeludei ilUdt 54sle ix the
The Motorenfabrik Darmstadt A. G. are now reported to be ,making diesel engines.
This firm belongs to the Demag of Duisburg and is said to have employed some 800 workers in 1942.
Carl SchenokLandwehrstr.(3)
This firm makes industrial weighing machines, weighbridges, screens and vibro-conveyors. They are leading specialists in the testing of metals for vibrational and torsional stresses, and in constructing machinery for carrying out such tests.
Eisenwerk EberstadtEberstadt(3)
The Eisenwerk Eberstadt Adolf Riesterer makes grinding machines and stone saws.
Goebel A. G.Womewegstr.(-)
This firm made printing anti paper cutting and folding machines before the war.
0)
Chemicals and Bxolosives
E. MerckFrankfurterstr. (1)
It is believed that this works is now concentrating on products of direct war interest at the expense of its production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals, the most important of these products being hydrizine (used in explosives) and confounds of hydrogen peroxide.
Merck's pre-war products can be divided into three sections
1.Pharmaceuticals and fine chemioals produced by Merck from basic raw materials. This includes
(a)ascorbic acid, dextrose, lactic acid - from staroh.
(b)alkaloids fron, natural plants, mainly from the Dutch East Indies, some exoeptions being opium from Turkey, ephedra from Spain, and cocaine from Peru.
(o) tannic acid from galls, from N. E.I.

/ (d)
(d)hormones from glandular products obtained from Darmstadt and Frankfurt slaughter houses.
(e)metallic salts, including mercury and bismuth from Spain.
(f)Titamin D from ergosterol, made from yeast purchased locally.
2.Pharmaoeutioals and fine chemioala produced by Merok from purchased intermediary produots:-
(g)barbiturates, i.e. Luminal, Veronal,
Veramon, Phanodorm, produced from intermediates purchased from the 1.0.
(h)salicylic acid.
3.Chemical products bought, purified, and re-sold by Merok:-
This section includes a large variety of products including aome which Merck also manufacture themselves from basic raw materials, i. e. lactose metallic salts.
Solvents were purchased mainly from Alexander Walker, Munich.
The following are approximate pre-war production figures of sane of the more important Merck specialities
Luminal2,000 kilos per month
Veronal1,100ftftft
Phenodorm1,200nftft
hydrogen peroxide2,000ItftII
Vigantol (Vitamin D)2,000ftftft
Cebion (asoorbic aoid-Vitamin C)800ftftft
Betabion (Vitamin B)400ftftft
Dextrose4,000ftftft
Lactic acid and salts10,000ftftft
Agricultural insecticides10,000ftftft
Salicylates10,000ftftft
Iodides and Bromides4,000ftHft
Glyoerophosphates800ftftft
Merck also shared with C. A. F. Kahlbaum G.m.b. H. , Berlin a virtual monopoly of the production of analytical reagents supplied to institutes and laboratories for research and testing purposes.
In August 1938 the staff of Merck consisted of about 4,000 people as follows:- 150 chemists, 150 qualified engineers, 1,500 girls for packing, etc. , 600 clerks, 2,600 workmen.
Weiter-(2)
RShm ' Haas A.G.
sttdterstr.
Thii ohemical factory epeoialiaed formerly in ohemioala for uae in washing preparation and for the oil and varnish industries. The firm is also an important produoer of toughened glass and has a seoond factory in Oberramstadt five miles 3outh East of Darmstadt. Approximately 1'000 workers were employed in the Darmstadt faotory before the war.

DATTELN (Westphalia)
51° 40' N. 7° 20' E: 320 miles: (21,000)
Datteln is an important Junction on the German inland waterways system where the Lippe-Seiton oanal Joins the main Dortmund-Bna oanal. Immediately South of Datteln is the Emsoher-Lippe mine and ooking plant.
Transportation
Canal JunctionDatteln(2)
Thia is one of the most vital Junctions of the Ruhr waterways. The Lippe oanal, leading from Lippstadt through Hamm and Lflnen, here Joins the main Dortmund-Bna oanal. The small inland port of Datteln has maqy silos and storage sheds built round the oanal Junction.
Solid Fuels
Emaoher-LippeDatteln(2)
To the South of the town is the large ooal mine known as the Gewerkschaft des Steinkohlenbergwerks, Emsoher-Lippe whioh belongs to the Krupp concern. There are five shafts. Output of coal in 1937 was 1,766,000 tons. The two ooking plants containing 190 coke ovens have an annual dry-ooal capacity of 885,000 tons and form one of the souroes of supply for the long-distance gas system.
Deggendorf is on the left bank of the Danube between Regensbur'' aT~>d passan. It is a. tourist resort for visitors to the Bayerischer Y/ald, and has normally little industrial significance, but the ship building yards on the Danube are now reported to be very active
Ship Building
SchiffswerftDeggendorf
The Deggendorfer Werft & Eisenbau G.m.b.H. is now reported to be constructing 2,000 h.p. steam paddle tugs and small screw tugs run on producer ga3. Submarine parts are also said to be produced. The yards have a river frontage of 1 ,200 metres and sane 700 workers were employed here in 1943

DEMMIN (Pomerania)
53° 55' N. 13° E: 580 miles: (16,000)
This town is on the river Feene which is navigable up to this point. There is a sugar factory and some small shipping activity but the Demnin is chiefly a market town.
ure ire v
industrial caaplex, and is owned by Gräflich Schaffgotsch'sche Werke G.nub.H. of Gleiwitz. The station was originally built to supply steam and electricity to the adjoining coke ovens. When the synthetic oil plant was

Deschowitz, the German name of which is Odertal, lie3 or. east bank of the river Oder, about 18 miles south-<3t of Oppeln and about 25 miles west of Gleiwitz. Industry here is dominated by the Schaffgotsch'sehe works consisting of the important Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil plant, and the adjoining coking plant and power station.
A sizeable workers colony has been built, and the population is now believed to be about 15,000.
Public Utilities
Schaffgotsch'sehe power station.Deschowitz(l)
The power station lies in the Northern section of the
Solid Fuels
Schaffgotsch'sche Werke
East of Deschowitz (2)
constructed, the capacity was greatly increased, and is now estimated at 75 JOT. South-west of the generating station there is a large open air substation containing three transformers and 12 switches. Supplies to the associated works are believed to be by low and medium voltage underground cables. A high voltage long distance overhead transmission line connects to Blechharmer North. Two other similar, lines leave the sub-station and one is believed to connect to Kosel and the other to Oppeln.
G.m.b. H. There are 120 ovens having an annual estimated dry coal capacity of 840,000 tons.
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Schaffgotsch'sche synthetic oil plant.
Deschowitz
(2)
Situated Just to the east of Deschowitz, the coking plant is owned by Gräflich Schaffgotsch'sehe Werke,
The Schaffgotsch'sehe industrial complex is situated Just to the east of Deschowitz and adjoining the Oppeln-Ratibor railway line, and covers about \ square mile. The power station occupies the northern section, and the coking plant the central section of the complex (for both of these,see above).
This Fischei>-Tnopsch synthetic oil plant is owned by Schaffgotsch'3che Benzin G.m.b.H., and has an estimated capacity of 110,000 tons of oil products per annim. It is believed that oil is conveyed by pipe line from Deschowitz to the port of Kosel on the river Oder, and thence to the Mittelland Kanal. 2/3,000 workers are said to be employed in two shifts at the synthetic oil plant alone.
137
DESSAU (Anhalt)
51° 50' N. 12° 10' E: 530 miles: (200,000)
Dessau is the chief town of the State of Anhalt and ia now mainly important as a headquarters of the Junkeis concern, which has four seoarate works and an airfield close to the town.
Dessau is situated on the railway line between Magdeburg and Leipzig, one of the main railway connections between N.W. Germany and Saxony. The Administrative area includes Wallwitz, one mile north of tne town centre and on the river Elbe, and Rosslau, an outlying suburb on the northern bank of the Elbe.
Transportation
Railway JunctionDessau(3)
Prom Rosslau a branch leads to Wittenberg (on the main line from Berlin to south-west Germany) and from Dessau a branch leads to the main Magdeburg-Halle line and through Bernburg to Western Germany. There are goods yards and s small marshalling yard immediately north of the main railway station.
Railway Repair ShopsDessau(3)
On the southern outskirts of the town is a railway repair shop which is noted on pre-war maps as a repair shop for electric locomotives.
Liquid Wuels and Substitutes
HydrierwerkeRodleben (3)
This works was formerly known as the Tetralinwerke. It is believed still to be producing tetralene and similar solvents, and also ethyl alcohol; both products are obtained by synthetic process from brown coal via water gas.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
JunkersAirfield (1)
The parent works of the Junkers Flugzeug and Motorenwerk A.G. are adjacent to the large Junkers airfield which is immediately to the west of the town, and extend northward from the railway line Dessau-Köthen to the road from Dessau to Klein Kflhnau. The villages of Klein Kflhnau and Alten are respectively at the northwest and the south-west corhers of the airfield. The engine works, making both Diesel and petrol engines, are immediately east of Alten and separated from the airfield only by the railway line. The airframe works adjoin the eastern portion of the airfield. These works are used mainly for the construction of aircraft and aero-engine prototypes which are tested on the adjoining airfield. One of the chief activities

of the Dessau works is to construct a number of each approved design, sufficient to enable the process of serial production to be worked out in detail. The actual serial production is then undertaken by other aircraft works. Another major activity here is the large scale manufacture of airscrews and particularly hubs. It is believed that approximately 35?S of the total German output of the latter are turned out here. In 1942 Junkers Dessau were believed
to enploy nearly 10,000 workers.
Ship Building
Sachsenberg
Ros3lau (2)
The ship building yards of the Gebrüder Sachsenberg A.G. are on the north bank of the Elbe in the outlying suburb of Kosslau. They specialise in li$vt high-speed craft such as "E" boats, small torpedo launches, speed boats and river craft and they are also builders of dredgers.
Engineering and Armaments G. Folysius A.G.
Brauerei at r. (3)
These works now belong to the Junkers concern.
They are situated on the railway between the town and the Junkers aero engine works. They are now in use as an arms factory and are believed to be making machine guns for aircraft, also A.A. guns.
Government Factory.Gr. Kubnau(-)
A government faotory is reported to have been constructed at Gr. Kühnau, 1,300 yards northwest of the Junkers airfield, and is said to produce electron metal for aircraft and armaments. Confirmatory evidence is not available, but it is thought that thiB factory is more likely to be engaged on magnesium fabrication.
Hugo JunkersJunkerstr.(3)
The Kaloriferwerk Hugo Juikers G.m.b.H. specialise
in heating, air conditioning and ventilating plants,
also in heating and cooling apparatus for the chemical industry. It is believed that at least one department of this relatively small factory has been converted to the manufacture of fuel injection punps.
Junkers & Co.Junker3str. (3)
Junkers and Co. G.m.b.H. which was formerly a joint undertaking with the Kaloriferwerk Hugo Junkers, now belongs to Robert Bosch of Stuttgart.
The factory's pre-war products were gas waterheating apparatus.
BamagDessau^
The Berlin-Anhaltische Maschinenbau A. G. , the Dessau works of the Bamag -Meguin A. G., construct heavy engineering plant and before the war were mainly engaged on machinery and equipment for the gas industry. They are now reported to rave taken up the manufacture of naval and A.A. guns in at least one of the departments.
WaggonfabrikAlbrechts tr.(3)
The Dessauer Waggonfabrik, which belongs to Orenstein and Koppel, makes railway waggons and coaches and, before the war, employed approximately 1,000 workers.
Chemicals and Explosives
Dessauer Werke fur Zucker undRosslau(3)
Chemische Industrie A.G.
This works is one of the largest German suffer refineries. They also:
(a)Make their own refining agents, e.g. strontium salts,
(b)Recover by-products frcm sugar refining residues,e.g. potassium salts.
!c) Make cyanide frar. the Schlempe (residues), d) Make small quantities of chemicals derived from sugar, e.g. Erythritol.

DETMOLD (Lipoe)
51° 55' N. 8° 55' E: 390 miles: (20,000)
Detmold is the administrative centre of the small state of Lippe. There are some furniture factories, lithographic establishments and a small biscuit factory but no industries of importance.

DILLINGEN (Saar)
49° 20' N. 6° 45' E: 340 miles: (14,200)
Dillingen is on the main line from Tip er to Saarbrücken and is five miles north-west of Saarlouis. It is the Junction for a branch line leading from the valley of the river Prims to Neunkirchen, There are a few small foundries and makers of machinery, but the town is mainly important for the large steelworks described below:
Iron,
A.G. der Dillinger Hüttenwerke
Dillingen
The coke ovens attached to the firm's steel plant number 148, and have a maximum rated dry coal capacity of 667,000 tons per annum.
Steel and Ferro-Alloys Hüttenwerke
The A. G. der Dillenger Hüttenwerke have important steel works and rolling mills. There are four blast furnaces, six Martin furnaces, two cupolas, and a large rolling mill. Before the war 6,000 workers were employed and the capacity was 400,000 tons of pig iron and 600,000 tons of steel per annua.
Dillingen

DLNSLAKEX (Rhineland)
See under DUISBURG

DITTERSBACH (Silesia)
See under Waldenburg

DOBELN (Saxony)
51° 15' N. 13° 5' E: 570 miles: (25,000)
Dobeln is a small manufacturing town in the valley of the river Mulde 30 miles West of Dessau. It contains a nunber of minor factories making machinery, metal foundries and also a sme.ll tobacco and cigar making industry. None of these are of individual importance.

DONATTWORTH (Bavaria)
48° 45' N. 10° 50' E: 520 miles: (5,500)
Er.r.inecx'ing and Armaments
Ifeschinenfabrik Donauwörth
Donauworth
(3)
Donauworth is on the left bank of the Danube 20 miles North of Augsburg. The main line from Frankfort/Main to Munich crosses the Danube here and branch lines lead West to Ulm and East to Ingolstadt. The town has little industry in peacetime but the plant mentioned below has increased in importance during the war.
A factory was reported in 1942 to be employing a large number of workers on the manufacture of trench mortars. This is probably the Maschinenfabrik Donauwttrth Gm.b.H., in peace time the only engineering work3 in the town and said to have been converted to armaments production.

DORMAGEN (Rhineland)
51° 5' N. 6° 35' E: 295 miles: (4,000)
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper I. G. Farbenindustrie
Dormagen
(3)
Dormagen is on the main line West of the Rhine halfway between Köln and Neuss. It has no important industries other than that mentioned below.
The 1.0. have a factory at Dormagen Taking cupranmonium rayon and staple fibres. The capacity in 1959 was 24 tons per day.

DORTMUND (Westphalia)
51° 30' N. 7° 30' E: 325 miles: (640,000)
The area covered here extends in the North from Henriehenburg to Bergkamen including Waltrop, Lippholthausen and Lttnen, covers Kamenand Holzwickede in the East; Horde to the South; and Westrich, Bodelschwingh and Ostrich in the West. The map showing these boundaries is inserted at the end of this book.
Dortmund with 550,000 inhabitants is the largest and most easterly town in the Ruhr. It is one of the chief centres of heavy industry in Germany and besides the large steel works is full of smaller concerns engaged in engineering of all kinds. The town's geographical position at the eastern extremity of the Ruhr, at the terminus of the Dortmund-Sms Canal, and in the centre of the Westphalian coal fields make it one of the busiest commercial centres in Germany•
Although most of the marshalling yards in the Dortmund district are relatively small it is, next to Duisburg, the principal transport centre of the Ruhr particularly for through traffic to Central, North and Eastern Germany. The harbour situated at the terminus of the Dortnund-Ems Canal is of particular, importance.
Dort-.und proper has only one power station which though large is of local importance only. Though there are several electric power plants in the vicinity of the city they are all privately owned concerns of comparatively s.mall capacity and concerned only with the pits or works to which they belong. Gas is obtained fron the Ruhr Gas Grid. There is an important V.E.W. station at Lttnen with a capacity of 135 MW.
There are two important industrial area in Dortmund. The first lies on the western side of the t own and contains the very important harbour and two marshalling yards and south of the harbour, the large steel works of the Dortmund Httrder Httttenverein A.G.
The second area lies to the north east of the city and consists of the huge Hoesch steelworks, the Hoesch-Bcnsin G.m.b.H. Fischer-Trqpsch plant and a marshalling yard which envelopes the north western side of the steelworks; also within this area is the Minister Stein concern with coke ovens, a by-products plant, and the power plant.
Scattered throughout the town are numerous plants of secondary importance, the majority of which are engaged on engineering.
At HCrde, to the south-east of Dortmund lies the Dortmund Httrder Httttenverein, a subsidiary of the Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. and in its western portion the coking plant. In the north there are two important concerns; at Kamen a Fischer Tropsch plant, and west of Lttnen on the Seiten Canal the Lippewerk of the Vereinigte Aluminium Werke A.G.
Outside Dortmund there are numerous coke oven plants including "Hansa", the second largest in Germany, and several colliery concerns.
To the extreme North West of the area is the shy-lift and the shaft-lock at the junction of the Dortmund-Eins and Rhein-Heme canals.
/Transportation
Transportation
The harbour is the terminus of the Dortmund-Eras canal which is the link between the Westphalian industrial area and the North Sea. The canal has been rebuilt to be navigable to vessels of 1,500 tons deadweight but as the Henrichburg locks is restricted to vessels of 1,000 tons, no vessels of greater tonnage can penetrate to Dortmund. There are the usual quays and harbour facilities which extended to within 1 m.
North East of the main station. The volume of goods handled in 1938 amounted to 4,000,000 (inwards) and
1,400,000(outwards). Adjoining the harbour to the west lies the Verschiebebahnhof (see below).
Henrichehburg LocksHenrichenburg(2)
The shaft look and the ship-lift are situated at the junction of the Dortmund-Ems and the Rhein-Heme canals, and are 9 m. North West of Dortmund main station. The lift is capable of raising vessels of 1,000 tons deadweight.
Canal EmbankmentWaltrop(2)
The embanked stretch of the Dortmund-Ems canal is situated 7^ miles N. N. W. of Dortmund main station and 2~ East of the Henrichburg locks. The oabanknent extends just over mile, in length.
Marshalling YardDortmunderfeld(3)
Situated 1 mile South West of the main station, the yards have an estimated capacity of 3,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling YardDorstfeld(3)
Situated 2 miles West of Dortmund main station, the yards have an estimated capacity of 2,500 wagons per 2U hours.
Marshalling YardDortmund(2)
Known as the "Verschiebebahnhof" the yards, nearly 2 miles in length, adjoin the canal terminus (see "Dortmunder Hafen" above), and have an estimated capacity of 4,800 wagons per 24 hours. There is a large workshop at the South end of the yards.
Marshalling YardDortmund-Stid
These yards lie 1 mile South East of the main station and adjoin Dortmund-Süd station. They have an estimated capacity of 2,400 per 24 hours.
Marshalling YardDortmund-Eving(3)
Situated 1; miles North East of Dortmund main station, adjoining the Hbeach steelworks, the yards have an estimated capacity of 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
/Marshall ing yard.
Marshalling yard
Holzwickede (3)
The yards lie 7 miles E.S.E. of Dortramd main station and have an estimated capacity of 2,400 wagons per 24 hours.
Public Utility Services
Lunen Power StationLunen(l)
Situated miles N.N.E. of Dortmund the station is owned by Steinkohlen-Elektrizitates A.C. The main purpose of the station, which consists of 5 turbo-generator sets and has a capacity of 135 MW., i3 to supply the Lippewerk plant of Vereinigte Aluminium Werke A.G. which i3 £ mile Forth West., emd consimes 1,000 million kWh. per annn. It is also connected to the grid.
The opi-air substation, which i3 owned by V. E. IV., is to the North of the station and contains three transformers and nine high-voltage switches. Two double-circuit lines, probably operating at 110 kV., lead respectively West towards Castrop-Rauxel, and East towards Kamen: a third line connects to r&ls, and a fourth to Stockiri.,
V. E.W. power stationDortmund (l)
ft
Owned by Vereinigte Elektrizitätswerke Westfalen, the station is situated in the east of the city.
There are 6 turbo-generator sets 'with an estimated capacity of 116 MW. The station is connected by several 10 kV lines v/ith Kruckel and thus linked UP with the 110 kV grid. There are no longdistance supplies.
Qartrnunder Union Power Station.Dortmund (3)
Owned by Dortmunder Union Brückenbau, the power station is sitmted about 1 mile South-West of Dortmund main station. It supplies power to the Dortmunder Union and Rothe Erde iron and steel plant. The capacity is believed to be 47 MW.
Hürde Power StationHürde(3)
Attached to the Horde steel works, the capacity is believed to be 47 MW.
Minister Stein Tower StationEving(-)
Situated adjoining the colliery, 2 miles North of Dortmund, the power station is owned by Gel3enkirchener Bergwerks A.C. It has an estimated oapacity of 11 MW. and supplies the adjacent colliery and coking plant (see under "Solid Riels"), and also the steelworks of the Dortmund group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.C. (see under "Iron and Steel").
Gneisenau Power StationDerne(-)
Situated 4y miles North-East of Dortmund, the power station is owned by Karpener Bergbau A.G.
There are two generating sets having an estimated
/capacity
capacity of 15 MW. The station also supplies steam to the Gneisenau coking ovens (see under "Solid Fuels")
Dorstfeld 2/?> Power StationWest of Dortmund (-)
The power station is owned by Essener Steinkohlenbergwerke A.G. and is situated South East of Dorstfeld.
Pit 2/}, 2 miles South West of Dortmund main station.
Power is supplied to the coke oven plants adjoining, at Oespel, and to the Dorstfeld colliery (see under "Solid fuels"). The capacity of the station is estimated at 11 MW.
Monopol Power StationKamen(3)
Owned by Essener Steinkohlenbergwerke A. G. the plant is situated adjoining the colliery, 9i miles northeast of Dortmund main station. There are 5 steam turbines with an estimated capacity of 40 MW. The plant serves the Monl colliery (see under "Solid Fuels"), and the synthetic oil plant at Ber^camen (see under "Liquid Fuels").
Municipal Gasworks.Lindenhorst(3)
Owned by Dortmunder Gaswerk A.G. The gasworks are situated 1§ miles east north-east of Dortmund main station. The station sold 1,000 million cubio feet of gas in 1936. Gas is supplied mainly by the Dorstfeld coking plant.
Kaiserstuhl Power StationDortmund.(3)
Situated within the Hoesch A.G. steelworks complex, the power station works in conjunction with the colliery, coking plant, and the steelworks. There are 5 generator set3 having an estimated capacity of 33 MW. (See also under "Solid Fuels" and under "Iron and Steel").
Hoesch Benzin Power StationWarabelerholz (3)
This power station is owned by and supplies power to the Hoesch Benzin synthetic oil plant, (see under "Liquid Fuels"), It lies about 2j miles north-east of Dortmund main station, and just ea3t of the steelworks. The capacity is estimated at 18 MY/.
Fuels
Grimberg coking plantBergkamen(2)
Owned by Essener Steinkohlenbergwerke A.G., the plant is situated 10 miles N.N.E, of Dortinund station. There are 128 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 970,000 tons. The plant operates in conjunction with the company's Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil plant nearby (see under "Liquid fuels”).
Minister Stein coking plantEving(2)
Situated adjoining the colliery, 2 miles North of Dortmund main station, the plant is owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G. There are 130

ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 1,000,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid. The plant has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities").
Dorstfeld coking plantW. of Dortmund (3)
Owned by Essener Stoinkohlen-bergwerke A.G., the plant is situated at the Dorstfeld colliery, pit 2/3, and lies 2 miles West of Dortmund station.
There are 120 ovens working which have an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 408,000 tons. The plant has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities") and gas is supplied by long distance pipe line to Dortmund town. It is believed that 40 additional ovens were under construction in 1943.
Tremonia coking plantS.W. of Dortmund (3)
Owned by Gelsenkirchener'Bergwerks A.G. , the plant is located 1 mile South West of Dortmund. There are 95 ovens which have an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 300,000 tons.
Hansa coking plantHuckarde(l)
This is the 2nd largest coking plant in Germany, it is owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G. and is located 2' miles North West of Dortmund main station. There are 290 coke ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 2,005,000 tons.
Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.
Waltrop coking plantWaltrop(3)
Owned by Bergwerksgesellschaft Hibernia, the plant is located 7 miles N.N.'W. of Dortmund main station.
There are 125 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 285,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.
Oespel coking plantOespel(3)
The plant is situated 4 miles South West of Dortmund main station and is owned by the Essener Steinkohlenbergwerk A.G. There are 45 ovens haying an estimated annual dry ooal capacity of 200,000 tons of dry coal per annum. Power is supplied from the Dorstfeld power station(see under "Public Utilities"), and gas to Dortmund town by the long distance pipe line, augmenting the supply from Dorstfeld coking plant.
Westhausen Coking PlantWesthauson(3)
Owned by Gelsenkirohener Bergwerks A.G. the plant is situated 4 miles North West of Dortmund main station.
There are 80 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 370,000 tons.
/Victoria coking plant
Victoria coking plant
Lunen
(3)
The plant La located adjoining the Victoria colliery, 8 miles North East of Dortmund and 1 mile East of Lönen. It is owned by Harpener Bergbau A. G. There are 170 ovens with an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 450,000 tons. (Colliery, see below).
Gneisenau coking plantDeme(2)
Owned by Harpener Bergbau A. G, the plant is situated at Gneisenau colliery, 4j miles North East of Dortmund station. There are 130 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 1,046,000. Power is supplied by the Gneisenau power station (see under "Public Utilities").
Kaiserstuhl coking plantDortmund(2)
The plant lies in the centre of the Hoesch A.G. steelworks, about 2 mile3 North East of Dortmund main station. There are 383 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 1 ,500,000 tons. (See also under "Iron and Steel" and "Public Utilities"),
HÖrder Hüttenverein coking plantHörde(3)
Owned by Dortmund Mörder Hüttenverein the plant is adjacent to the blast-furnace works, 2j miles S. S.E. of Dortmund main station. There are 195 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 620,000 tons. Gas supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.
Minister Achenbach coking plantBranibauer (3)
Owned by Gebrüder Stumm G.m. b.H. The plant is situated adjoining the colliery, 5? miles North of Dortmund main station. There are 102 ovens having an annual estimated dry coal capacity of
420,000tons (Colliery, see below, and see also under "Liquid fuels").
Dorstfeld collieriesW. & S.W. Of Dortmund (3)
Pit 1/4 is located 2 miles West and pit 2/3 2 miles South West of Dortmund main station.
The colliery is owned by Essener Steinkohlenbergwerke A.G. The output of hard coal in 1937 was 1 ,259,000 tons. The compnay has its own power station adjoining Pit 2/3 (see under "Public Utilities" ).
Monopol collieryKamen(3)
Situated 9j miles North East of Dortmund main station near Kamen, it is owned by Essener Steinkohlenbergwerke A.G. ; in 1937 the mine produced 2,162.000 tons of hard coal. It has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities").
/Minister

Minister Stein oollieryEving
Owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A. G, the colliery is situated 2 miles North of Dortmund. The output of hard coal in 1937 amounted to 2,000,000 tons. The company's coking plant lies adjacent and has its own power station, (see under "Public Utilities").
Fürst Herdenburg collieryN. of Dortmund
Situated 2g miles M. of Dortmund near the Ems canal, the colliery is owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G., and in 1937 produced 1 ,362,000 tons of hard ooal. The colliery has its own harbour on the East bank of the canal.
Gneisenau oollieryN.E. of Dortmund(3)
The colliery, which includes the Scharnhorst colliery, is owned by Harpener Bergbau A.G and is located West of Dortmund-Derac station.
In 1937 the combined output amounted to
1.580.000tons of hard coal. The collieiT' has its own power station at the Gneisenau Pit (see under "Public Utilities").
Ickern oollieryN, W. of Dortmund
(See under "Castrop-Rauxel").
Victoria collieryLünen(3)
Owned by Harpener Bergbau A. G. The colliery is situated 8 miles North East of Dortmund main station and North of the R. Lippe, 1 mile East of Lünen.
The output of hard coal in 1937 amounted to 1,156,000 tons.
Kaiserstuhl 1/2 collieryDortmund(3)
Owned by Hoesch A.G. the colliery is situated in the centre of the steelworks complex about 2 miles North East of Dortmund main station. 1 ,560,000 tons of hard coal were produced in 1937.
Minister Achenbach collieryBrambauer(3)
Owned by Gebrüder Stumm G.m.b.H. the colliery is located 5i miles North of Dortmund station. In 1937 the output of hard coal amounted to 1,692,000 tons. The colliery has its own harbour, 1 mile South West on the Dortmund Ems canal.
2ollem 1/2 collieryKirchlinde(3)
Owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A. G. the colliery is located at Kirchlinde, 3^ miles West of Dortmund.
In 1937 the output of hard coal amounted to
1.170.000tons.
/Liquid Fuels
/believed
Liquid Fuels
Hoesch Benzin G.m.b.H.
Wambelerholz (2)
The synthetic oil plant is situated 2' miles North east of Dortmund main station, and adjoining the Eastern boundary of the Hoesch iron and steelworks The Fischer—Tropsch process is used, the works having an estimated capacity of 90,000 tons of oil per annum.
Storage capacity is estimated at 20,000 tons.
The plant produces petrol, gas-oil and lubricants, and is believed to employ some 450 workers.
The works has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities").
Chemische WvTke Essener Stein Kohle A.G.
Bergkamen (2)
This Fischer Tropsch synthetic oil plant is situated 10 miles N.N.E. of Dort .und main station, adjoining the Grimberg coking plant (see under "Solid fuels"). The plant covers 90 acres and has am estim ted capacity of 100,000 tons of oil per annum, and storage for 16,000 tons. The plant produces petrol, gas-oil amd lubricamts.
Schmitz oil plant
Schmitz Westfälische Mineralftl und Asphalt Werke is situated ljr miles North West of Dortmund main station. The plant produces low grade lubricating oils from petroleum residues. Through out capacity is believed to be 20,000 tons per annum.
Oil Storage Tanks
The whole of the street called Tankweg is concerned with oil storage and is owned by various firms. The total storage capacity is estimated at about 5,000 tons, of which 1,000 tons capacity is owned by Rhenania Ossag A.G.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloys
Hoesch Steelworks
N.W. of Dortmund.
Tankweg
Tei 2cra
(3)
(-)
toorth Bast (l) Dortmund
The "Bisen und Stahlwerke" of Hoesch A.G. occupy nearly 1 square mile and are situate.d 1 mile North east of Dortmund main station.
There are 7 blast furnaces having an estimated annual capacity of 1,000,000 tons of pig iron;
4Thomas converters and 8 open-hearth furnaces having a crude-steel capacity estimated at
1,250,000tons per annum. Electric steel is also made. There are rolling mills etc. which turn out the normal extensive range of products.
There is also a continuous strip rolling till, which is one of the only two in Gernany - the other being at Dinslaken. The works are
believed to employ 20,000-22,000 workers.
sich (2,
The company has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities"J.
Werk DortmundWest Dortmund (l)
Owned by the Dortmund-Hürden Küttenverein A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. The works are situated Just West of the main station and extend North to the canal harbour. There are 5 blast furnaces with an estimated annual capacity of 850,000 tons of pig iron; 6 25-ton Thomas converters and 5 open-hearth furnaces having an estimated annual capacity of 1,000,000 tons of crude steel. The rolling mills, capable of handling the whole of the steel output, produce bars, sections, girders, rails, sheet piling, universal plates and sheets. There are forges and a steel foundry which produce all types of steel castings. Large quantities of steel are supplied to Dortmunder Union Brllckenbau-A.G. works (see under "Engineering"). The works were originally known for their bridge building, but this has been transferred to the Brückenbau works.
i
ifi.
The formerly associated foundries are now separate, subsidiary (see "Rothe Erde" below). Between 12,000 and 15,000 workers are reported to be employed.
The plant has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities").
Werk HürdeHürde(l)
Owned by the Dortmund Hürder Kßttenverein A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G., the works are in two quite distinct parts about j mile apart, the first comprising the blast furnaces and coke ovens lies 3 miles South of Dortmund railway station, and South of the Dortmund-Unna railway line; the second area containing the rolling mills etc., is g- mile further East, and North of the same railway. There are 5 blast furnaces having an estimated annual capacity of 750,000 tons of pig iron; 5 25-ton Thomas converters and 10 open-hearth furnaces with an estimated capacity of 1,000,000 tons of crude steel per annum. The nearby rolling mills, capable of absorbing the whole of the steel output, produce bars, sections, rails and plates, and are also reported to produce frames and pressed parts for motor vehicles. The ship-plate mill is of recent construction. The works are belived to employ about 18,000 workers.
Rothe ErdeDortmund
Tremoniastr. (3)
c
Eisenwerk Rothe Erde G.m.b.H. is situated 1 mile South west of the main station. The company was formerly associated with Dortmund-Hbrder Httttenverein but is now a separate subsidiary of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. The plants have large foundries and a railway equipment shop.
/Non-Ferrous Petals

Kor-Perrous Metals C. W. Kays er
S.W. of
tiunen j(2)
C
Hüttenwerke C.W. Kayser A. G. is situated 6y miles North north east of Dortmund main station. The works are engaged on^electrolytic copper refining and have an estimated capacity of 15,000 tons per annum. There is also extensive equipment for dealing with scrap.
Lippewerk
Lippholthausen|( l)
tarn
Owned by Vereinigte Aluminium Werke A.G., this is the second largest aluminium producer in Germany and accounts for 17 per cent of her total output. The works produces aluminium from bauxite andl has an estimated annual capacity of 45,000 tons of aluminium. There is also a full-scale plant for the manufacture of alumina fron local clay, but this plant is not now operating.
Engineering and Armaments Brflckeribau - A. G.
Dortmund
(3)
Dortmunder Union Brifckenbau - A.G. works are situated immediately West of Werk Dortmund steel works, and about 1 milo West of the main station. The -works specialises in bridges of all types but also makes a variety of structural steel products. Steel is supplied by the adjacent steelworks (Werk Dortmund).
Edelstahl
N. Dortmund (3)
Deutsche Edelstahlwerke A.G. have a small works in Sunderweg about mile North of the main station, which makes special steel magnets.
N.E. Dortmund (3)
Maschinenfabrik Deutschland
Situated immediately South of the Eving marshalling yard, Maschinenfabrik Deutschland A.G. is owned by the Hoesch concern. It is believed to be producing mining machinery and some machine tools.
C. H. Jucho
Wambel.
(3)
Dortmunder Bruckenbrau C. H. Jucho have one works adjoining and south of the railway 2^ miles Ea.3t of Dortmund main station, another works is situated about 1 mile East of the station. The firm are makers of bridges and similar construction.
Dortmund
Maschinenbau & Bahnbedarf
Maschinenbau & Bahnbedarf A.G., formerly owned by and known as Orenstein & Koppel, are reported to have 3 works in Dortmund: (l) 2 miles W.S. W.,
(2) l-£ miles N.N.W., and (3) lj miles N.E. of the main station. The firm is a well-known maker of railway rolling stock including narrow-gauge stock.
/They
They had a pre-war capacity of 1,700 standard 20-ton wagons per annum.
Wagner & Co.Dortmunderfeld
Situated adjoining the railway marshalling yards, Wagner & Co. Werzeug-Masohinenfabrik G.m.b.H. make tyre and wheel mill equipment, planing machines, presses, punches, and shearing machines. There are reported to be about 700 workers.
pholthaiae.:Concordia Elektrizit&ts A.G.Dortmund

Owned by Acoumulatorenfabrik, of Berlin, these works make machines for accumulator manufacture and also underground portable' lamps.
Brown Boveri & Co.N. Dortmund
This branch of the famous firm is situated 1 mile North of Dortmund main station, and specialises in heavy electrical equipment of all kinds.
"Weatfalia"LBnen
Situated at L&nen, ?£ miles North East of Dortmund, "Weatfalia" Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte make chain and rope haulage equipment.
Fr. DelzerDortmund
Maschinenfabrik Friedrich Delzer K.G. are producers of ventilation vans and similar equipment for mines.
Sohluchtermann & Kremer-Baum A.G.Dortmund
Kornebachstr.
The firm are manufacturers of coal-cleaing and ore-dressing plant and other mining machinery, and are reported to employ some 1,600 workers.
Holstein & KappertWambel
Juchostr.
Situated 2J; miles East of Dortmund main station, the Holstein & Kappert Maschinenfabrik Phoenix G.m.b.H. were engaged before the war on agricultural machinery and implements.
There were 550 workers. They are now probably engaged on repairing A.F.Vs. Immediately adjoining to the North is a repair workshop, reported to be staffed by Fr. Krupp of Essen, and to be engaged on A.F.V. repairs.
Maschinenwerk Hermann MeierDortmund
Saarlandstr.
This small works is situated about 1 mile South of the main station and is reported to be making galvanised sheets, including corrugated sheets, and similar products.
/Hammerwerk
E. Dortmund (-)
Hammerwerk Hoesch
Owned by the Hoeach steelworks concern, these hammer
and press shops are situated a few hundred yards south of the main
Hoesch works complex adjoining the railway.
Chemicals and Explosives
Russwerk Dortmund G.m. b.H.Lutgeheidestr, (3)
The firm produces carbon black from raw materials obtained from coking plants and its capacity is estimated at 3,500 tons per annum.
Vereinigte SauerstoffwerkeN, Dortmund(-)
The plant is situated about 1-y miles North of Dortmund at the Northern end of the harbour.
The works are owned by I.G. Farbenindustrie and produce acids, oxygen etc,
Danco tfetzell <£ Co, A.G,N, Dortmund (-)
Vereinigte Asbestwerke Danco Wetzell & Co,
A.G. are situated about lj miles North of Dortmund main station and East of the harbour.
The works produces asbestos millboard and asbestos textiles.
Foodstuffs
Kühlen iVerkeN, Dortmund (-)
The Dortmunder Kühlen-rerke a.G. are located in Kanalstr, about 1'> miles North of Dortmund main station. There are grain stores having an estimated capacity of 35,000 tons.

DREETZ (Brandenburg) 
52° 50' N. 12° 25' E: 560 miles: (1,250)
Dreetz is a small village approximately 25 miles North Jest of Nauen on the main line from Berlin to Hamburg.
Chendoala and Explosives
Explosive Jorks.Dreetz
The ownership of this factory is unknown, but its layout bo exactly corresponds to the factory at Klietz that it is probably also a Dynamit plant. The factory has been constructed since the war, and was first detected by photograph reconnaissance. A single ground report has confirmed that it was virtually complete in November, 1943' The factory is about two-f thirds the size of that at Klietz, and is plainly engaged on the same activities.
It is situated in the Rorst-Grunau, north west of Berlin.

DRESDEN (Saxony)
51° 3' N. 13° 45' E: 600 miles: (640,000)
Dresden, the capital of Saxony, is situated on both banks of the rive Elbe, and stands at approximately 350 feet above sea level. The loft bank, with the Altstadt, or old town, as nucleus is the larger of the two parts; in it are found the commercial oentre, the residential area and public buildings, and some industries, mainly in its S-Suburbs.Neustadt, on
the right bank, and its suburbs contain industrial centres and administration.
pgRsniw (Continued)
In peace time tobacco, ohocolate and confectionery manufacture played a large part in Dresden's industrial activity; there are also a large number of light engineering works and makers of machinery which are nor/ engaged on all kinds of war production, many of which are too small to be listed individually. Several important factories are making electric motors, precision and optical instruments and chemicals.
The munitions workshops in the old arsenal occupy an extensive area to the North of Neustadt, along the railway to Klotsche, in the industrial region which extends past the aerodrome to the Dresdner Heide. In the Heide, a large heath, munitions are reported to be stored in quantities.
Dresden is an important railway centre. The main connections between South and East Germany and the direct line from Berlin to Prague and Vienna pass through Dresden whence several branch lines lead to Leipsig and other parts of industrial Saxony. The river harbour is of considerable importance to the freight traffic of the Elbe.
To the SW. of the town in the valley of the Weisaeritz is the industrial town of Freital (dealt with under its own heading) and a small coal field which supplies the light industries that have been developed in Dresden.
Along the northern bank of the Elbe between Dresden and Meissen are a number of industrial settlements which are outside the municipal area of Dresden. These have been dealt with separately under the town headings Radebeul, Coswig near Dresden, and ;.Ieissen.
Transportation
Marshalling YardsFriedrichstadt (2)
The western quarter of the town, South of the Elbe, is known as the Friedrichstadt. There are large railway marshalling and goods yards with considerable storage facilities. Immediately to the South of these yards and separated from them only by a few streets of houses are two subsidiary goods stations, one of which is used especially for coal traffic.
Railway Repair ShopsFriedrichstadt (2)
These repair shops, which also include a section concerned with the maintenance of locomotives, are extensive and of great importance. They are adjacent to the marshalling yards and are built along the bark of the small canalised river Weisseritz.
/Railway
Railway Repair shops
Pieschen
(3)
t
On the northern bank of the Elbe in the suburb of Pieschen there are locomotive maintenance and repair shops and also smaller marshalling yards and a goods station between Pieschen and the railway station Dresden-Neustadt.
Inland HarbourDresden (3)
The inland harbour oonsists mainly of one dock, the Kbnig Albert Hafen approximately 1,200 yards long and 100 yards wide, situated in a tongue of land formed by a bend in the river Kibe in the North West quarter of the city.
Publio Utility Services
Power Station Dresden-WestDresden (l)
Wettiner Platz •
Dresden-West (Dresdner Gas - Waaser-u. Elektrizitätswerke A.G.- DREWAGJ is the principal power station of the Dresden Corporation and is situated in the Altstadt, South of the Wettinerstrasse Railway station.

It has an installed capacity of 64 MW.
It operates on base load, and is supplemented by the A.G. Sächsische Werke (ASW) grid through the substation Dresden-Süd, and by the Niederwartha pumped-storage station, 6 miles distant, which can be controlled from this station. A 100 kV circuit oozmects with theASW grid at Dresden-Süd substation, and cables of 20 kV with the Niederwartha station.
The station feeds s district-heating system and a converter station for supply of power to the city tramways. There are 6 turbo-generator sets, two boiler houses, and 4 indoor substations, 3 of which contain transformers, the fourth, the converter station. Local supplies are given at 10 kV 2 kV and lower voltage.
Sub-Station Dresden-SüdNiedersedlitz(2)
Switching station (DHEWAG) connects Dresden-West with the ASW grid and the Niederwartha pumped-storage station by 100 kV cables to those stations.
Power StationJohannstadt(3)
This subsidiary municipal power station is in the Tatzbergstrasae in the eastern quarter of the town.
Gas WorksReick(2)
The chief munioipal gas works (DREWAG) are close to the Bahnhof Reiok, a southeast suburb of the town. In 1936, 2,500 million cubic feet of gas were sold and
142,000tons of coal were carbonized.
iknie
Jäte rE
Iron, Steel A Ferro-Alloys Metall Giesserei
Doelzschen (3)
Aircraft and Aero Engines M. I. A. G.
Sporbitz
(3)
mi
Oi:.wr
This iron foundry, which employed some 400 workers in 1943, belongs to the König ?riedrioh August- Hfltte A. G. whose principal activity is the manufacture of machine tools at their Karl Lieberknecht factory in Oberlungwitz.
Flugzeugindustrie
Industriegelände
(3)
The Sächsische Flugzeugindustrie G. m. b. H. is believed to be making and repairing aircraft components for the Miag works at Sporbitz.
Engineering and Armaments Seidel A Naumann
Hamburgerstr.(2)
'Sä
The Seektwerke, belonging to the M.I.A.G. Mühlenbau und Industrie A.G. , are situated in Sporbitz, a district in the outlying eastern suburb of Zscnachwitz. They were reported In 1943 to be engaged on the repair of aircraft and aero-engines. They have a metal foundry at Schmiedeberg, a small town 15 miles South of Dresden.
Universelle
The Aktiengesellschaft vormals Seidel 4 Naumann is an important oompany which formerly made sewing machines.
They have turned over to armament production (as was also the case with this firm in 1914) and had more than doubled the number of their workers during the four years preceding the war. Sven in 1938 they were enploying 6,000 workers. They make rifles and machine-guns, pistols, and various small arms components.
Zwickauerstr. (3)

The Universelle Cigarettenmaschinen Fabrik J. A C. Müller and Co. which formerly made machines for the tobacco industry, is now engaged on armaments and is reported to employ several thousand workers. The plant is said to have been greatly enlarged, and shells up to 12 cm. calibre, components for machine guns, automatic rifles, etc. to be among the products.
Ilemens Müller A. G.
Grossenhainerstr.
(3)
This firm previously made sewing machines and employed 900 workers in 1938. They are now reported to be engaged on the making of arms and arms coaroonents.
Ariston-Slka
Chemnitzerstr. (3)
Ariston-Elka Maschinenfabrik A.G. are makers of machine tools.
/Gebrüder Bdssler

Gebrflder BässlerZwiokauerstr. (3)
IThis firm specialises in the manufacture of
electric measuring instruments and gauges.
H. MondeIndustriegelinde (2)
The firm Radio H. Wende 4 Co. G. m. b. H. are important makers of radio transmitters and receivers for aircraft and ships.
SachsenwerkLicht u. Kraft A. G.Niedersedlitz. (2)
Apart from the manufacture of motors and generators, thia company produces electro-units for locomotives, rotary convertors, transformers, high and low tension switoh-gear, arc-welding plaint and is reported also to make electric motors for U. boats.
ScamagBlasewitzerstr. (-)
The Scamag Sächsische Cartonnagen Maschinenfabrik A.G. are makers of all kinds of pressing and forming machines, principally for the manufacture of leather and paper packing and boxes.
SaxoniawerkTrinitatisstr. (3)
The Saxoniawerk Paul Heuer K.G. specialise in the manufacture of gear wheels and differentials.
Curt SchoeneRähnitz-(3)
Hellerau
Makers of fire fighting equipment and vehicles.
Rähnitz-Hellerau is a small garden city 5 miles North of Dresden.
Schleifscheiben A.G.Lohrmannstr.(1)
The SohleifScheibenfabrik Dresden-Reick A.G. are makers of abrasives of all kinds and of grinding machines. In 1939 they enqployed 800 workers but this faotory is believed to have enlarged since 1939 and is now possibly the principal German maker of grinding wheels.
Brflokner KanisIndustrie-(2)
gelinde
i
The Turbinenfabrik B. K. Sc Co. are specialists in small steam turbines up to 2,00 hp. for use in "3" boats and minesweepers. They were reported in 191'2 to be making Lanz steam engines and overhauling "3" boat motors. They have an iiqjortant research plant for developing high-pressure and high-temperature steam installations, mainly for naval use. Some 700-800 workers are believed to be eiqployed.
Zeiss Ikon A.G.
Zeiss Ikon A.G.
Zeiss Ikon A.G.
The Zeiss Ikon ooncern has three and probably important factorise In Dresden. The Icawerk at
/Schandauerstr
Altenbergerplatz ) Schandauerstr. ) (1) Mflgelnerstr.(Reick))
four

och&idauerstr. 72'80 (Alteribergerplatz) specialises in cameras and the Ememannwerk at Schandaueratr. projection apparatus. The factory at M&gelneratr. in the suburb Dresden-Reick has a foundry for non-ferrous castings and a wood- and metal-working plant.
It is believed to supply tools and components required for the other works. It is reported that the factories are now so arranged that the Eraemannwerk assembles all finished articles and that the Icawerk and the Reiok plant are equipped for the mass production of components. The optical glass is obtained from Jena but the Ernemannwerk cuts and polishes and is able to turn out the finest quality lenses. 'U" boat periscopes and searchlight lenses are among the products of these factories. Machinery and workmen from the main Jena works have been transferred to the Dresden works which expanded their output rapidly in the years preceding the war and now employ several thousand workers. A further new factory for torpedo mechanisms is reported to have been constructed during the war in the Grosaenhainerstr to the North West of the oity.
Elbe Werke A.G.Mhgelnerstr. (3)
This firm, which was formerly known as Hermann Hselbig, makes maohine tools, particularly grinding machines.
They are associated with the Gebier Werke of Radebeul.
Hille Werke A.G.Otto Mohr Str. (2)
Makers of lathes, boring and grinding machines, and other machine tools. This firm expanded rapidly in the years preceding the war and were employing some 1,6-0 workers in 193?. They are now reported to be also making A.A. and infantry guns.
Arthur HeckerLudwig Hartaaann Str. (3)
The Arthur Hecker Asbest und Gummiwerke are reported to be making 20,. of Germany's requirements of brake and clutch linings, webbing and friction and fibre Jointing material, and special lining for propellor shafts. These important producers aid the firm of Kirchbach in Coswig bei Dresden, are reported between them to account for more than half the total output of these products.
Postlerit >ierkeZschaohwitz (-)
The Chemische Werke A.G. (Postlerit Werk) are specialists in asbestos arvd rubber washers aid associated products. Their works, which employed some 200 workers before the wer, are in the South East suburb of Zaohachwitz.
Gebrüder Bühler G.m.b.H.Iidustriegellide (3)
This firm has a large works producing machinery for flour mills and grain silos, aid for the sugar, chocolate, chemical and soap iidustries.
Koch & Sterz el A.G.Zwiokauerstr. (2)
This firmincreased its activity shortly before the
w'r and in 1939 was alloying acme 2,000 workers. 'Hie products are electrical instrumenta for industrial( technical and medical apparatua

They are alao makers of X-ray apparatus.
Anton Reiche A. C.Bamberger3tr. (3)
The previous produota of thia firm are moulds and metal paokings for the ohocolate industry.
In peaoe time they alloyed approximately 1,000 workers.
J.M. LehmannPreibergerstr. (3)
This firm previously made machinery and apparatus for the ohocolate, soap, and dyeing industries. They are now reported to be producing A. A. and field guns.
Klauber A SimonInduatriegel'nde(3)
Klauber A Simon (H. Raseaann and P. G.H. Caedeko) alao known as the Infestowerk, are important makers of piston rings and gudgeon pins. They were reported in 1942 to be carrying out large orders for reconditioned motor oars.

DUDWEILER (Saar)
49° 15' N. 7° E: 350 miles: (26,000)
Uebigau Werft G. m. b. H.Uebigau(3)
The Uebigau Terft Crra.b. H. builds river oraft, dredgers, tank landing and assault oraft and tug-boats. Their yards are on the North bank of the Elbe opposite the Dresden inland harbour.
Chaoioals and Explosives
Gehe A Co. A.G.Leipsigerstr. (3)
This firm, which manufactures pharmaceuticals and drugs, employed some 700 workers before the war. It has been reported to be producing poison gas.
SerumwerkZirkus Str. (3)
The Stohsisohes 3erumwerk A.G. has laboratories for the production of all kinds of serums and vaccines. They also make insulin.
&Lingner forks A.G.Nossenerstr. (-)

This is the parent factory of this concern iTpand makes a wide range of disinfectants and
chemical products including the mil-known Odol mouthwash.

DUISBURG (Rhineland)
51° 25' N. 6° 45' E: 300 miles: (437,600)
The area covered Ilea in the Western extremity of the industrial distriot of the Ruhr.
It is traversed from South to North by the Rhine, on the 'Test of which is flat lightly-wooded oountry with scattered villages and small towns, lying at the general level of 75 to loo feet above sea level. On the East of the Rhine the country is much more thickly populated and rises eastwards to about 200 feet, except in the gap through which run the River Ruhr and the Rhine-Herne oanal. To the North and South are extensive forests.
Duisburg is by far the largest town in this distriot with a population of nearly 440,000 (including Hamborn). It lies on both sides of the mouth of the river Ruhr and includes the townships of Ruhrort, Hamborn, Wanheimerort, Hückingen, Rheinhausen, Wedau, Grossenbaum and Dinslaken.
Duisburg owes its industrial inportanoe and prosperity to the presence, in its immediate vicinity, of hard coal in very considerable quantities. This has accounted for the development of iron and steel, heavy engineering, and other industries and brought about the necessity for construction and repeated expansion of the Duisburg-Ruhrort Harbour situated at the mouth of the river Ruhr.
Duisburg's situation at the confluences of the rivers Rhine and Ruhr and in the centre of the western concentration of the Ruhr industrial area gives it great importance from the point of view of transportation. Its main olaim to fame is that it is here more than anywhere else in the Ruhr or Rhineland that the transfer of goods from rail to water or water to rail takes place, and it is this factor that has made Duisburg the greatest inland waterway harbour in Europe.
The railway network at Duisburg has been constructed primarily to provide ample facilities to deal with the rail traffic originating from, or destined for the waterways} this function is fulfilled by the extensive marshalling yards at Ruhrort Helfen Neu Sohultenhof, which handled about 14 million tons of traffic annually before the w 'r. a second - and scarcely less important - funotion of the system is to aoocomodate the North-South and the West-East flow of land traffic; this is achieved by the marshalling yards at Duisburg main station, and, amongst others, these at Oberhausen Vest in the North-East (see under 'Oberhausen"), at Wedau to the South-East, and at Hohenbudberg on the left bank of the river Rhine (see under "Uerdingen").
In addition, Duisburg lies on the Rhine-Herne Canal, which leaves the Rhina at this point and Joins the Dortmund-Sms Canal near Datteln and thus links Duisburg by waterway with the North Sea at fänden and the Mittelland Canal at Bevergern. There are two harbours to deal with the waterborne traffic, which oonsists in the main of coal, ooke, and finished iron aikl steel goods (outwards): iron-ore, grain and timber (inwards); the harbours are also important for storage reasons.
There are no particularly important electrical power plants in this ares. The Town Power Station has a oapaoity not exceeding 50 Mf and is oonneoted to the main R.W.E. grid system through Brauweiler.
The principal industries are mining, the conversion of coal into ooke, gas and the usual by-products, iron and steel maisifaoture, and heavy engineering The ooal and iron and steel industry is almost entirely in the hands of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. and its subsidiary panies, the Gelsenkirohener Bergwerke A.G. which (erstes some of the largest pits and ooke ovens, the August Thyssen Bitte A.G' which operates four great blast furnace plants, the Deutsche Eisenwerk A.G. which is responsible for blast furnaces at Hambom, the Deutsche ffthrenwerk A.G. and Bandeisenwalswerke A.G. (which controls the rolling mills at Dinslaken) and the Eisenwerk Wanheim G. nub. H.
These numerous and highly i^>ortant industrial plants are spread over an extensive area stretching from the South West mainly along the East bank of the Rhine to Dinslaken in the North and extending East to the boundaries with Oberhausen and Mulheim.
Transportation
Inland PortDuisburg-Ruhrort (1)
The inland port is the largest in Europe and covers an area of 632 hectares. The harbour forms the intermediary between railways and waterways, its primary activity being the dispatch of a large portion of the output of the Westphalian ooal fields. There ere numerous ore depots, and the harbour also handles grain. By its position Duisburg-Ruhrort has beoome a natural Junction for the Lower Rhine and Westphalian railways.
The port lies at the mouth of the River Ruhr, which is navigable for large oraft to approximately 1 mile above Mülheim, and by smaller barges as far aa Witten. The Duisburg-Ruhrort harbour is also the terminus of the Rhine-Heme canal. The volume of goods handled in 1938 amounted to approximately 14,700,000 tons (inwards) and 16,500,000 tons (outwards).
Marshalling TardWedau(2)
The Northern end is about 2$ miles South South East of Duisburg station, then the yards extend South South East for a distance of approximately 1^ miles, its capaoity is estimated at 7,200 wagons per 24 hours.
Twin locks, 1st setRuhrort(3)
The first set of twin locks on the Rhine-Herne canal are situated South of Ruhrort harbour 1-j miles North North East of Duisburg station.
Railway WorkshopsWedau(3)
The Reiohshahnausbesserungswerke are situated 2 miles South South East of Duisburg main station and are engaged on the repair of goods wagons. There were 1,400 workers employed in 1937 hut this number is now believed to be considerably higher, possibly 3,000k
Railway Junction
Duisburg
(3)
These Junctions are located about 2 miles North East of the main station, and include the group of five railway bridges over the Sohiffahrtskanal a further y mile to the North East.
Marshalling yard
Duisburg-Hafen Neu Schultenhof
(2)
re ipm IJilSlj iteoj
These yards extend 3 miles in length East to West and are situated 2 miles North of Duisburg main station, their capacity is estimated at 3,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling yard
Duisburg main station
(3)
rrt [i,
The yards have an estimated capacity of 3,600 wagons per 24 hours, and lie to the East of the passenger station and are about l£ miles in length.
Railway Workshops
Hamborn
(3)
Owned by Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. the shops are situated 3j miles North North West of Duisburg main station.
Publlo utility Sorvioes Pumping station
Beeckerwerth
(3)
Situated 3 miles North West of Duisburg main station, about i mile from the bank of the Rhine. These works drain 3,214 hectares on which stand many large and irq>ortant industrial o one eras.
Punping station
Sohmidthorst
(-)
Situated 3 miles North of Duisburg main station, the pumping station drains 469 hectares of the surrounding district.
Pumping station
Schweizern
(-)
Situated 3$ miles North of Duisburg main railway station and li East North East of Schmidshorst pumping station. These works drain 348 hectares of the surrounding dlstriot.
Duisburg
Town Power Station
Situated 1 mile West of Duisburg main station. The üinioipal power station has s capacity of 35 MW. The town gasworks adjoin to the South East. Power is also drawn from the R.W. E. 220 kV system via a sub-station on the West bank of the Rhine.
1 mile West of Duisburg main station and immediately South East of the town power station, the Municipal gasworks produced 850 million cubic feet in 1936 end bought a further 6 million cubio feet from the Thyssenssohe Gas-und Wasserwerk system
A.Thyssen Hütte Power Station
Hambom-Al sum
This power station is part of, and looated in the centre of the August Thyssen Hütte steelworks, A-Jr miles North West of Duisburg main station. It is of the thermal type and ita capacity is believed to be 80 MW., derived from 20 gas-driven generators and A. steam-turbine driven generators.
Thyssensohe Gas-und Wasserwerk G.m.b.H
Hamborn
The works are situated 3j miles North of Duisburg main station. Long distance gas is made for supply to 29 localities and 2 companies, and in addition surplus gas is treated from 4 important coking plants.
The works has an annual gas capacity estimated at 239,232,000 oubio metres.
Niederrheinische Gas- und Wasserwerke G'm.b.H
Dui sburg-Hambom
Theee gasworks are reported to have sold 167 million feet of gas in 1936, drawn from the Ruhr Gas grid.
Pr. Alfred Hutte power station
Rheinhausen
The power station is situated within the steelworks complex and is owned by Pr.
Krupp A.G Generating seta include a 35 MW set, and the total oapaoity is now belie:ad to be 47 MW. (See also under "Iron aui Steel". )
Hfltte Ruhrort-Weiderich power station
Ruhr or t-Me iderioh
The station is situated 2£ miles North Vest of Duisburg main station at the steel-works (see under "Iron and Steel"). There are really two separate stations for A.C. and D.C.,snd the capacity is believed to be 32 MW.
Hüttenbetrieb Meiderich power station
Meiderich
Situated at the steelworks of the same name, 3^ miles North of Duisburg main station. The capacity was 21 MW in 1926 and is now believed to be 28 MW. (See also under "Iron and Steel".)
Heinrich Bierwes power stationHückingen
(3)
(3)
The station is owned by Mannesmannrohren-Werke A.G. and supplies the adjoining steelworks There are three generators (10, 5 and 1 MW) having a capacity of 16 MW.
Surplus power is delivered to the grid.
Kupferhütte power stationHoohfeld
The power station is situated within the Duisburger Kupferhütte ccmples (see under "Non-ferrous metals" and also under "Ghemioals"). Installed capacity was 5 MW but this was increased by a 12 MW generator set in 1933; the present capacity is therefore 17 MW.
Thyssen power stationDinslaken (3)
This reserve power station is situated at Bandeisenwalzwerke at Dinslaken (see under "Iron and Steel") for which power is normally obtained from the main Thyssen works at Hambom. Its oapacity is believed to be 19 MW.
Solid Fuels
Priederich Alfred HütteRheinhausen (3.
Coking Plant
Situated at the steelworks on the Western bank of the Rhine, the coking plant now oonsists of two batteries with a total of 115 ovens with an annual estimated dry-coal capacity of 540,OCO tons. The third battery has been dismantled. rftie works includes a by-product plant recovering the usual full range of products. Surplus gas is supplied to the Municipality. (See also under "Iron and Steel".)
Neumühl Coking PlantHamborn(3)
The Gewerkschaft Neunuhl coking plant is located at the Deutsche K&iaer colliery ki miles North East of Duisburg station. There are 97 ovens with an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 4.60,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhrgas grid.
Bruckhausen Coking PlantHs'orn(2)
Owned by Galsenkiroheoar Bergwerk A.G. the coke-oven plant Is situated at Ft.
Thyssen colliery. Pit 3/7 (see Beeckerwerth Colliery), 4y miles North set of Duisburg, Biere are 345 oven with an rmiiel estimated dry—coal capacity of
1,870,000tons. The plant takes power and weste gas fron August Bqrssen ifitte, and supplies gas to the Ruhrges grid.
There is a by-products plant. The plant is reported to employ 400 workers and is the third largest in Germany.
Meiderlch Coking PlantHanbora(2)
Owned by Gelsenkirohenar Bergwerks A.G. , the ooke-oven plant la situated at Pr.
Thyssen colliery. Pit 4/8, 3f miles North of Duisburg main station. There ere 386 ovens in 6 batteries with an estimated dry-ooel capacity of 1,720,000 tons. Gee le supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.
ifitte Vulkan Coking plantDuisburg(3)
These ooke ovens are pert of the Vulkan steelworks complex, and are situated on the Seat hank of the river Rhine about 2 miles Test of Duisburg mein station. The plant comprises 32 ovens having an annual capacity of 140,000 tone of ooal. (See also under "Iron and Steel".)

Phoeni x-Wes tend/
This coking plant is owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G. It is situated to the North of and immediate^ adjoining the Hütte Ruhrort-Meiderich steel works and lies 3 ® North West of Duiburg main station.
There are two parts of the plant, £ mile apart; the modern plant (Phoenix) originally comprised 58 Collin ovens built in 1925 and 70 ovens built in 1921.The 58 ovens were rebuilt by Koppers
in 1939.i mile East of the modem plant lies
the old (Rheinstahl) plant originally comprising 130 waste heat ovens, which sere converted to regenerative ovens in the '20s. These two plants now operate together and the combined annual capacity of dry coal is now estimated at 720,000 tons.
Neumühl CollieryHamborn(3)
station. The output of hard coal in 1937 amounted to 1,390,000 tons.
'0R
Phoenix-Westende coking plant
Ruhrort-Me iderich(3)

Beeckerwerth Colliery
Duisburg-Ruhrort (3)
Owned by Gerwerkschaft Neumühl the oolliery is located 4^ miles North East of Duisburg main
Owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G. the colliery is situated 5 miles North West of Duisburg main station. Combined with Pr. Thyssen Colliery, pits 3/7, the output in 1937 was 1,262,000 tons of hard coal, and 2,000 workers were then employed.
Lohberg CollieryDinslaken(3)
Owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G., the mine is located North East of Dinslaken station. In 1937 the output of hard coal was 1,290,000 tons and there were then 1,800 workers.
7r. Thyssen Colliery, Pit 2/5N.W. Hamborn(3)
Owned by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G., the oolliery is situated North West of Hamborn near the Emscher canal. In 1937 the oolliery produced
1,920,000tons of hard coal.
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes/
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
TeerverwertungMeiderioh(l)
The Gesellschaft fur Teerverwertung m.b.h. plant is situated 3 miles North North '-Vest of Duisburg main station, and is reported to process a quarter of tar distilled in Germany. Semi-finished products are collected here and refined, and its pre-war throughput was 500,000 tons of crude tar per annum. It is also believed that several kinds of carbon electrodes are produced.
Rutgerswerk A.G.Wanheimerort(3)
The plant is situated 2\ miles South West of Duisburg main station on the comer of Porst Strasse near the Sud-Hafen. Before the war this plant was known to have an annual throughput of about 100,000 tons of tar.
Iron and Steel
Friedrich Alfred HütteRheinhausen (1+)
Owned by Pr.Krupp A.G., the works are situated on the western bank of the Rhine, 3 miles South South West of Duisburg mein station, between the river and main Krefeld-Duisburg line. The works includes 10 blast furnaces having an estimated annual capacity of 1,700,000 tons of pig iron and 6 basio Bessemer Converters and 9 open-hearth furnaoes having an estimated annual capacity of 1,300,000 tons of crude steel. The 14 rolling mills are capable of absorbing the whole of the steel output. Finished products cover the usual wide range. The company's private harbour i3 nearly 3/4 mile in length and their private powar station has a capacity of 47 Mtf. (See under "Public Utilities"). About 12,000 workers are employed. The works were being extended in 1943
August Thyssen HütteHambom-Alsun 0+)
Owned by the August Thyssen Hütte A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G., the Steelworks are situated Ui miles north west of Duisburg main station. There are 8 blast furnaoes with an estimated capacity of 1,700,000 tons of pig-iron per annum; and 7 basic Bessemer and 4 open-hearth furnaces, with an estimated annual oapnoity of 2,000,000 tons of crude steel. Electrio steel is also made. The plant has rolling mills capable of absorbing the whole of its steel output; the finished products cover the normal extensive range. waste blast-furnaoe gas is supplied to the adjoining Brackhausen coking plant (see under "Solid-Fuels"). The company's private power station

(see under "Public Utilities) is situated in the oentre of the works complex, nd the Thyssen punping station (also under "Public Utilities") i3 situated 1 ndle east of the works. 26,500 workers are ehelieved to be enployed.
Htttte Ruhrort-MeideriohRuhrort-Meiderieh(3)
Owned by the August Thyssen Hütte A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G., these works are situated 2-^ miles north-west of Duisburg main station. There are 8 blast furnaoes having an estimated annual capacity of 1,000,000 tons of pig-iron; and 10 basic Bessemer converters and 11 qpen-^iearth furnaoes with an estimated capacity of 1 ,600,000 tons of crude steel. The rolling mills can absorb the whole of tha steel output and th^hormal range of finished products are manufactured.
For details of the coking plant see ”Phoenix-Westende" (under "Solid Fuels"). The works has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities"). Some 10,000 workers are reported to be employed.
Huttenbe trieb-WeiderichMeideriah(3)
Owned by the August Thyssen group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. The steel works are situated 3^ miles north of Duisburg main station. There are blast furnaoes, with an estimated annual oapaoity of 500,000 tons of pig-iron.
Special products are ferro-alloys and rollers. The works has its own power station (see tinder "Public Utilities")
2,300 workers are reported to be employed.
Heinrioh Bierwes HiitteHuaäcLngen(1)
Located on the Eastern bank of the Rhine A? miles south-west of Duisburg main station, these works are owned by lAimeamannrähren Werke A.G. There are if blast furnaoes with an estimated annual capacity of 750,000 tons of pig-iron; and 4 basic Bessemer converters and 6 open-hearth furnaoes having a capacity of approximately
900,000tons of crude steel per annum.
SLeotrio steel is also produced. The works specialises in tubes for aircraft construction, gun barrels and mine bodies, but the normal range of products is also covered. There are approximately 11 ,000 workers. The works has its own power station, (see under "Publio Utilities").
Hatte VulkanHoohfeld(3)
si
c
These iron work are situated on the eastern bank of the Rhine, 2 miles west south-west of Duisburg main station , and are owned by the August Thyssen Hütte A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. There are 3 blast furnaces with an estimated annual oapacity of
200,000tons of pig-dron. Ferro-alloys are the firm's special product, 5,500 hands are reported to be employed.
to'
k
Niederrheinisohe HütteHochfeld-Süd(2)
Owned by the August Thyssen Hütte A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A. G., the iron and steelworks are situated on the eastern bank of the Rhine 2 miles south west of IXiiaburg main station. There are k blast fumaoes with an estimated annual oapacity of 300,000 tons of pig-iron , and 7 open hearth furnaces with an estimated annual oapacity of 300,000 tons of orude steel. The rolling mills are capable of handling the whole of the steel output. The finished products cover the normal range. The firm is believed to employ 8,500 workers.
Bandeisenwalzwerke A. G.Dinslaken(1)
Formerly known as "Werke Thyssen". This rolling mill plant isrow owned by the title firm, a subsidiary of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. The works are situated 9 miles North of Duisburg main station and adjoin the railway immediately south east of Dinslaken station.
There is a large continuous strip-rolling mill, one of the only two known to exist in Germany, the other being in the Hoesch steelworks at Dortmund.
In addition to the products of the above mill (strips, tubes, etc.) the works produce steel cylinders, sections, pipe fittings, hoop iron, eto.
The capacity of the cold mills is estimated at
100.000tons per annum, and that of the hot mills at
200.000per annum. There are reported to be 2,500 workers. The works has its own power station (see under "Public Utilities").
.id ui

DUISBURG (Contd)
Stahl- und WalzwerkeHückingen
Groaacnhaum A.G.
Formerly tha Hahns (die Werke A.G., the works are now owned by Marmesnamrohrei'- Werke A.G.
They are situated 4 alles south of Duisburg main station on the ™ln railway n~> to IXisseldorf. There are 5 open-hearth furnaces having an estimated annual capacity of 160,000 tons of orude steel per nrwn, The fin produces equipment for iron steelworks eto., and also tubes, in addition to the usual range of products.
Non-ferrous Metals
Duisburger KupferMltteHoohfeld
Situated 1-j sdles South West of Duisburg main station, the works are earned by I.G. Farbenindustrie and saaetines referred to by that name. The works are engaged on oopper smelting (but there is no refinery) and leaching of pyrites cinders; it 1b estimated to produce 10,000 tans of oopper anodes per awr™. High-grade zd.no alloys are also produced. The oaapaiy also does nickel melting and formerly treated the Bou Azzer nlakel-oobalt ores. The productive ~ capacity is estimated to be in the region of 1 ,000 tons of niakel metal per anramu The works baa lta own power station (see under "Public Utilities").
BerzeliusWanheim(2)
"Berzelius" Uetallhfltten Gun.b.H. works are situated on the Bast bank of the Rhine,
4 alles South South West of Duisburg main station, and the firm is a subsidiary of Ifetallgesellsohaft A.G. (Frankfurt aJU.).

The zino distillation plant has 11 furnaces of 216 retorts each; 10 of these furnaces are usually working. Zino capacity is estimated at 33'000 tons per annua. There is also a re-distillation plant which had 5 furnaces in 1939 and which then produced 13,000 tons of high-grade zino. The re-distillation plant was enlarged, possibly to double its aize, in 1939 Residues are despatched to the "Berzelius" plant at Braubach - the Blei -und Silberhfttte Braubach G.m.b.H. The plant also produces lead and the current oapaoity of 5,600 tons per annum is estimated from the 2,500 tons output in 1929. The works also produces silver' tin, and carries out cobalt-refining and zinc die-casting. 1,700 workers are reported to be engaged in all the various activities of the works, (see also under "Chemicals").
V.D.M. (Heckmann)Hoohfeld(3/
This, the C. Heakmann branoh of Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke A.G-., is situated miles South West of Duisburg main station' The works, consisting of brass
and oqpper rolling mills, were the third largest produoers of rolled oopper and copper alloy. There are blast furnaces for treating scrap, slag and residues, and fire refining furnaces for copper with an estimated anzual capacity of 30'000 tons.
A.G. fttr ZinkindustrieHamborn(3)
Formerly W. Grillo, this firm are smelters and fabricators of zinc and are situated 3 miles North of Duisburg main station; current metal output is believed to be in the neighbourhood of its capacity, namely 6,000 tons. The plant also produces zinc alloys, sends, wire, seamless tubes, zinc white, zinc wire, eto.
(See also under "Chemicals and Explosives").
Engineering and Armaments
Demag (Works I)Hochfeld(1)
These works lie on the South bank of the Aussen Hafen, 1 mile West of Duisburg main station. Demag are one of the leading manufacturers of rolling mill equipment, hydraulic forges and presses and haunters, blast- and open-hearth furnaces, converters, electric furnaces; also of mining equipment, excavators, coal cutters, pneumatio tods, conveyors, shaft winding equipment, compressed air locomotives, punps, conpressors, steam turbines; also gas engines, heavy industrial elevators, cableways and cranes. Armaments such as gun barrels, heavy mountings, nd hydraulic equipment for guns are also produoed.
Demag (Works H)Duisburg(2)

The works are situated on the eastern bank of the Rhine, about ^ adle South West of Wortes I, miles South West af Duisburg main station. The works are producing mainly structural 3teel, hut probably now also many of the items eiumerated under Work I (above).
Esch WerkeWanheimorort {3)
The F.sch-Werke Maschinenfabrik und Eisengieaserei K.G. works is situated 1^ miles South South West of Duisburg main station.
The products cf the works include rolling-mill equipment, roller beds, manipulators and other steel works equipment; also coal-cleaning and ore dressing plant and other mining equipment.
Kabelwerk DuisburgWanheimerort (3)
Situated 2 miles South West of Duisburg main station on the eastern bank of the river Rhine opposite Friedrich Alfred Hütte. The works produces rubber-insulated cables and other types of cables and explosives.
Eisenwerk Wanheim G.m.b.H.Wahheim(3)
Owned by Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G., the works are situated on the east bank of the river Rhine,
3ä miles South south west of Duisburg main station.
The products are shell, bomb and grenade cases, crankshafts, etc.
Ewald BeminghausHochfeld(j)
Situated 1$ miles West of Duisburg main station on the Aussen Hafen, the works is believed to be building ship's boilers.
G. RubbertHochfeld(3)
Situated Just under 1 mile West of Duisburg main station, to the East of E. Berninghaus. The firm makes machine tools particularly lathes and grinding machines.
A. TheisenDuisburg{3)
The works of A. Theisen, Fabrikation Gummiisolierter Leitung are located at Hansastrasse, about 400 yards Horth-East of the main station. It is one of the smaller manufacturers of rubber-insulated cable and wire.
Chemicals and Explosives
Chemische Fabrik Curtius A.G.Wanheim(2;
Situated 2^; miles South West of Duisburg main station, this company has an annual capacity for 100/$ sulphuric acid of 130,000 tons, which is probably produced by the contact process, and is one of the chief consumers of pyrites.
Henkel & Cie. G.m.b.H.Hochfeld (3)
Formerly B. M&tthes und Weber A.G. The plant is situated I5 miles West of Duisburg main station, on the Southern aideof the Aussen Hafen. This plant makes the majority of the ghemicals consumed by the Henkel company at Düsseldorf-Reisholz and elsewhere in Germany.
There is another branch at Duisburg proper whose products are belived to be some of those listed above.
A.G. fur ZinkindustrieHamborn (3)

Formerly W. Grillo, the plant is situated 3 miles North of Duisburg main station, and has an annual oapacity of 8,500 tons of 100^ sulphuric acid and 7,000 tons of sulphur trioxider (93$ recovert). Previously used the lead chamber process but is now believed to use the contact process. (See also under "Non-ferrous Ratals").
ifeld (j

DÜLKEN (Rhineland)
51° 15' N. 6° 20' E: 280 miles: (16,000)

DÜREN (Rhineland)
50° 50' N. 6° 30' E: 290 miles: (46,000)
Situated 15 miles East of Aachen, Duren has, in addition to the important works mentioned below, a variety of small industries including paper products and cardboard boxes, several small engineering works, and a sugar factory. It is a railway centre of some importance to the lower Shine district.
Apart from a few mail textile works, Dtlkan has no industry of importance. The town is situated six miles North West of M&noben-Gladbaoh.
Tranaaprtation
Railway JunctionEuren(3)
Hie main line fron Aachen divides at Duren into three branches leading into Düsseldorf,
Cologne and Buskirchen respectively. Two other less i^ortant branches lead north and south frcn the town.
Public Qtility Services
Städtisches Gas WerkDuren(3)
In 1936 this municipal gas works sold 116 million oubia feet of gas.
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
Dure nor Me tall werkeDuren(1)

Situated in the North East outskirts of the town the Euren er Metallwerke A.G. is a large works which expanded rapidly in the five years before the war and in 1939 employed more than 4,000 workers in its works at DTiren, Berlin-Bormigwalde, Berlin-Wittenau and Waren. A wide variety of non-ferrous metal products are made of duralumin, phosphor bronxe, and copper alloy, partioularly sheet, reotangles, pressed and drawn sections and rods, seamless drawn tubes, rolled and drawn wire, forgings, shaped articles, etc. The Durener Metallwerke at Duren is one of the largest works of its kind in Germany and it is believed to produce approximately 7,000 tons of sheet per year.
Carl Cansler^lren0)
This firm manufactures apparatus chiefly of non-ferrous metals, for the chemical industry
They produce a special, form of patented copper wire known as Canzlerdraht

DÜNEBERG-KRÜMMEL (Schleswig-Holstein)
53° 27' N. 10° 22' E: 468 miles: (8,500)
The villages of Dune berg and Krumnel lie to the North West and South East respectively of the small town Geesthaoht (population 8,500). Both villages are of industrial importance on account of the two large works of the Dynamit A'-G. which are situated there.
Dynamit A.-G.Duneberg(1)
This factory is operated by Dynamit A. G. , and is quite near the Krümmel factory, with which it is associated. In the last war the Düneberg factory was Germany's largest producer of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. Host of this production was sent to the Knimnel factory for the manufacture of powder. There has been very little ground information on the activities of this plant during the present war, and there is no air cover. Such reports as have been received suggest that it has attained at least its former aotivity, and it is probable that it bears the same relation to the KTÜnnel plaint as formerly.
On this basis it may be assumed that the nitrocellulose production is upwards of 38,000 tons per annum, but it would be difficult to guess the nitroglycerine or diglyooldiniträte production, since it is unlikely that Germany will have oonoentrated her production of this class of explosive to so great a degree as in the last war, and at least one new factory engaged in this production has been identified.
/Dynamit A.G.
Dynamit A.-G.Krümmel (1)
Thi' factory is operated by Dynamit A.G, and during the lest wer wes the lsrgest propellent powder feotory in Germany, accounting for nearly one-third of the total German output of oordite, and also accounting for about 10 per cent, of the total German production of Nitrocellulose.
In the peace years this factory was allowed to oontinue operations, manufacturing small quantities of nitroglycerine (probably for mining explosives); it also introduced, strangely enough, the production of T. N.T, on a small scale (a little over 1,000 tons a year), and engaged in the production of nitrocellulose for oelluloid and synthetic fibre production.
There is very little information regarding the activities of the KrOsmel factory in the present war, but it is clear that a very large labour force is now employed. Apart, however, from a report that its nitroglycerine or diglycol dinitrate production approaches 5000 tons per annum, which is roughly the same as the production in the last war, there is little information as to its output. On the basis of the nitroglycerine or diglycoldinitrate output, it seems likely that this factory has achieved at least its last war importance, and may have considerably exceeded it. This would indicate a nitrocellulose output of about
20,000tons a year. The factory lies on the banks of the Kibe, east of the village of Geesthacht. There is also probably a largs propellant powder plant on this site.

DÜSSELDORF (Rhineland)
51° 15' N. 6° 50' E: 300 miles: (559,000)
The area covered here Ilea on both aides of the river Rhine to the south-vest of the Ruhr district. It includes the city of Düsseldorf with its in suburbs of Derendorf, Oberbilk end Unterbilk, Lierenfeld und Flingern end the townships of Rath, Ratingen, Gerresheim, Erkrath,
Reishols, Benrath, Nievenheim (including Stüraelberg) Heerdt (including Niederkassel and Oberkassel) and Lohausen (including Stockum). The city of Neuss on the western bank of the Rhine is to be found under its own heading and is not included in Düsseldorf. The total population for this area is 559,000 (1940).
The city of Düsseldorf has a population of 528,000 (1940) and is the leading ooanekoial oity of western Germany. Situated on the eastern bank of the Rhine, it has exceptionally good transport facilities both by river and rail. It is furthermore< Germany's third largest inland port, and therefore of particular importance as a transport centre. During and after the last war, Düsseldorf developed considerably and so far as the production of armaments and general engineering is oonsemed, it is as important as Essen or Duisburg. In addition Düsseldorf is the seat of the General Administrative Departments of practically all the important iron and steel, heavy engineering, and armament concerns in Rhine and Ruhr districts.
The distribution of industry ih the Düsseldorf area may be said to lie in 4 main areass-
i)The eastern and southern part of the oity proper. This is a highly concentrated area containing large engineering works, machine tool makers, wire-drawing plant, and the municipal gas and eleotrioity works.
ii)The northern suburb of Derendorf and townships of Rath and Ratingen. Here are to be found extensive marshalling yards and highly important armament manufacturers.
iii)The harbour area on the Rhine to the southwest of the oity with docks, storage and engineering firms.
South of Düsseldorf at Reishols and Benrath. Engineering and chemical works, oil refinery and storage, eleotrioity works, electric resistance wire works, lead and zino fabrioators are all grouped in this area whioh extends in a south-westerly and north-easterly direction and embraces the townships of Nievenheim and Erkrath.

These Important marshalling yards lie to the Northeast of the oity approx, one mile north to the main passenger station. These yards have a capacity of 2,100 wagons per 24 hours.
Railway aiding a.
Rath
North oast of the Dsreodorf marshalling yards, la a large group of railway siding a.No further details
are available.
Düsseldorf
Bahnbrücke.
Directly south of the Düsseldorf harbour is the second of the only two 4-track railway bridges across the Rhine, the other being at Cologne
Unterbilk
Düsseldorf Hafen.
This extensive port lies on the southern bank of a bend in the River Rhine 2 miles west of the main railway station. It is mainly a harbour for piece goods, having in 1938 large warehouses, 49 electric oranes (capacity between 1.5 and 5 tons and one of 25 tons) and a large loading bridge,
82 shipping and forwarding firms are to be found within the harbour area, also B locomotives and 97 goods wagons owned by the harbour railway authority.
The total turnover of Düsseldorf harbour in 1938 was 2,114,000 tons inwards and 934,000 tons outwards,
Reiaholskai.Benrath
This is a large handling quay with 8 oranes and 1,150 m of quayage. It lies on the northern bank of a bend in the River Rhine approx. 5 miles south-east of the main railway station,
Heerdthafen.Heerdt
Situated at the mouth of the Erft oanal on the western bank of the River Rhine approx. 3 miles west of the main railway station, this harbour had, in 1938 large storage areas and warehouses, 3 travelling oranes each of 4 ton capacity, one of 5 ton capacity, and 2 each of 5 and 6 ton capacities, 2 port locomotives and 400 a, of quayage.
Public 0tilltv.
Stldtisohe Elektrizitätswerke.Flingern
The Düsseldorf City Power Station consists of two generating stations sometimes known as Flingern I •nd Flingern II stations. They are situated on the same site snd separated only by the oamon coal storage ground, ,nd by a group of 6 cooling towers.
Of the 9 Turbo generator sets installed before 1938 it is known that 4 are in station I and 5 in Station IX The two most recently installed sets ay have replaced two older sets of smaller capacity.
It is believed that a convertor or rectifier station is attached to station I to supply D.C. to the central part of Düsseldorf.
There ie a common 5/25 kV A.C. substation for both stations.
A.C. supplies are given at 5 W and 25 kV. D.C. supplies are given at 600 volts - probably for traction - and at low voltages, for the D.C. network of the central part of the city.
It is believed that the station is connected by 25 W cables to the Lierenfeld 110 kV substation in the South, and to the Rath 110 kV substation in the North of Düsseldorf. Both of these substations are connected to the 110 kV grid of the F.W.E. company.
There are no long distance supplies.
The installed capacity is 118 1fflf.
Bergisches Elektrizitätswerk m.b.H>Reisholz, (1)
This station operates on base load and supplies are given to the nearby Industrial area of Düsseldorf as well as to the high voltage grid of the R..W.E.
An oil refinery owned by the I&enania Oasag-ccnpany adjoins the station and a small chemical plant, possibly for hydrogen production, is situated among the station buildings. These two plants are probably largo consumers of the eleotrical output of the station.
In 1938 the existing turbo-generator sets had a total oapaoity of 75 MW. It is believed that there were two or three units with a total oapaoity of 15 MW and three or four units with a oapaoity of 15-20 MW each. In 1939 two additional sets eaoh of 20 MW oapaoity were installed by the A.E.G.
The machine house is at present being further extended and it is possible that more generating plant is being installed. (Total installed caapoity 115 MW.)
There is an indoor substation for local supplies which are probably given through medium and lew voltage underground oables. Local supplies are given to the adjacent works mentioned above, and to the industrial area of Düsseldorf.
There is a 110 kST outdoor substation in which at least 2 transformers are installed. Two 110 k7 lines leave the station. 0ns goes to the Erftwerk (Grevenbroioh) aluminium plant of the VAWAG- nd crosses the Rhine ismediately on leaving the station. The other goes to Lierenfeld substation near Düsseldorf.
Stidtisohe GaswerkeDüsseldorf (3)
The municipal gasworks lies adjaoent to the municipal eleotrioity works.
In 1938 the works made 1,900 millionou. ft. end in addition sold (in Benrath only) 65 million ou'ft. bought from Ruhrgas A-G'
There is also the RWE gasworks at Reisholz, which
dra'a gas from Ruhrgas, and sold 70 million cu. ft. in 1956.
Liquid Fuels.
Rhanania Ossag Mineralölwerke A.G.Reisholz
This benzine re-running plant lies at Reisholz, a S.E. suburb of Düsseldorf. Its annual capaoity is believed to bo 65,000 tons and it has a storage capaoity estimated at 30,000 tons.
Iron & Steel A Ferro-alloysLierenfeld
Deutsche Rohrenwerke A.G. (Pbensgen)
Situated one mile S.E. of the main railway station, this works is believed to have an open-hearth steel plant with 6 large furnaces, which are believed to have a total capaoity of 350,000 tens per annum. Tubes of all kinds are its speciality, but universal and heavy plates are also made. The firm has a second tube plant in the suburb of Oberbilk (see inder Engineering A Armaments) and other works in the Ruhr area. It is owned by Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G.
Note:The steel works of KLÖckner A.G.,
Gebrüder Böhler and Stahlwerk Krieger are listed under "Engineering and Armaments".
Non-Ferrous Metals/
Nan-Ferrous Metal
Stollberger Zink A.G. für Bergbau & Zink'fl&ttenbetrieb
2j udles North (2) at Nievenheim
fcmi
Si;
This works consists of a roasting plant withHi
11 meohandoal ovens; ore sintering plant,'u
distillation plant, with 13 furnaces and 120to
retorts each; Rotary fumaoes for recoveringcTy
zinc from zinc dust etc. It also has a olayboa
plant for making retorts and condensers.
The capacity of the plant is believed to be 16,000 tons of zinc per annum.ssAessA
The sulphuric acid plant oonsists of 2'nah :!
lead ohanker units, 4 concentration units and
1 contact unit. The oapaaity is believed tol)5st
be i'2,500 tons of 10< sulptairio acid per year.' Sotoj
In 1937 the plant had an outjwt of 3^,600 tonsi'
of 3% sulphur trioxide.eq
ia
Engineering and Armamentsapi
wi1
toe
D^o
Rhainaetall Boraig A.G.
1 ) Derendorf(1+)
1 ) The Derendorf plant of this firm covers an extensive area along the western side of the railway directly north of the Derendorf nrshalling yards. It is believed to bo ei^aged on the production of finished guns and shells, aerial bombs, and naval mine components. Also the maohinlng of gun barrels, finished mountings, shields, breeoh blocks, carriages, cradles, hoists, liners, naval gun turrets, amnunition carts, steel helmets, crankshafts and light metal goods. More than 30,000 workers are believed to be employed.
2) The Rath plant lies approximately 1-J miles Bast of the Derendorf plant and approximately 3 miles North East of Düsseldorf main passenger station. It oonsists of steelworks estimated to be producing 160,000 tons of special steel per arovim and an engineering section producing gun-barrel forgings, armour plate for tanks, tool steel, drop forgings, turbine rotors, reinforcement iron, alurnlndun alloy forgings and wire eto. This plant is one of Germany's principal consumers of ferro-alloys. Workers are estimated to ninioer some 6-7,000.

2) Rath(1)
Mannesmannrohren-Werke A.G./
Mannesmannrohr en-flerke A.G.Rath(1)
Situated 3g- miles North of the main railway station, this extensive plant produces iron and steel tubes, ohrcmium-oolybderua tubes, submarine mine oases, tank mine oases, sheila, bcnibs, welded boiler drums, high pressure cylinders for submarines, eto., and inoediary bombs, 24,000 workers are believed to be employed.
Sohiess A.G,1) Oberbilk(1)
(vormals Sohiess Defries A.G.)2) Heerdt(3)
1)This works lies along the railway directly North Hast of the main station. It is a leading German producer of machine tools, copper alloys, magnetic mines, ordinary steel mine bodies, bombs and shells of the heaviest calibre, and bomb and shell components. In 1937 approximately 2,200 workers
were employed at the Oberbilk factory mainly on machine
tool manufacture. It is believed that in
1940 some 3,500 workers were engaged on
machine tools and a further 3,500 on bombs,
shells and mines. According to ground
intelligence a further increase in the number
of workers took place after 1940.
2)The second works of Sohiess A.G. lies at Heerdt on the ?/estern bank of the river Rhine.
It is believed to be engaged on components supplied to the main plant in Düsseldorf proper.
Stahlwerk KriegerOberkassel (3)
Controlled by the Ruhrstahl A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. this works is situated in the suburb of Oberkassel on the Western bank of the river Rhine approximately 3x miles North-West of Düsseldorf main station.
The engineering section of the plant specialises in castings, rolling wni 11 equipment and drop forgings. The steel plant (open hearth and electrio steel) has an estimated annual oapacity of 80,000 tons of crude steel. Some 1 ,800 workers sire believed to have been ecqployed in 194-3,
Gutehoffnungshütte Oberhausen A.G./
Gute hoffnungahäütte Oberhausen A. G.Flingern(l)
This plant lies approximately l^ miles North-North-Rast of the main railway station. It is mainly composed of engineering section' specialising in electrio steel castings, forgings, wheels,and tubes, and is believed to have a considerable output of heavy bomb casings. The steel section of the plant has an estimated annual capaoity of 100,000 tons of orude steel. It has been reported that in 1943 nearly 30,000 workers were employed at this works which also includes a minber of departments operating on behalf of the G.H.H. subsidiary company, Sohlosmann A.G, These departments are believed to be mainly engaged on the manufacture of hydraulic presses, and rolling mill equipment which are sold under the qame of Schloemann.
Klookner A.G.Oberbilk(2)
The Düsseldorf branch of this Ikrisburg film lies approximately § mile East of the main railway station. The plant comprises an open-hearth steel-works with 4 fifty-ton furnaces, a cold-rolling mill, and wiredrawing plant. It is estimated that 100,000 tons of crude steel are produced annually and every type of wire, including rope, net, and barbed wire, is manufactured. This works is one of the leading wire-drawing plants in Germany.
Gebrüder BHhler & Co., A.G.Büderioh-Heerdt(1)

The extensive works belonging to this firm are situated approximately 4 miles North-West of Düsseldorf main station on the Western bank of the river Rhine. They are reported to be engaged in the production of alloy-steels for all purposes, spring steel, magnets, crankshaft forgings for aero-engines, and heavy shell. Sane 4,000 workers are believed to be employed.
Haniel & Lueg G.m.b.H.
Flingern
(3)
He
This firm occupies part of the site of the Gutehoffnungstxitte Oberhausen A.G. It is believed to be engaged on the production of mining machinery, oil borers etc. 1,000 workers were employed in 1940.
Demag A.G./
1ft
14
'

Dmag A.G.Benrath (3)
.tit
The Benrath work' of Demag are eituated along the Eastern aide of the main Düsseldorf-Opladen railway line approximately 1 mile from the river Rhino. The manufacturing programme of these works includes the mams-faoture of slewing aranes, overhead travelling and giant orar.es, loading bridges, excavators, and standard steam aranes. Also speolal factories for structural steelwork, steel buildings and bridge building
Press u, Walzwerk A.G.Reishols(3)

Situated about k miles South East of Düsseldorf main station, this firm is engaged on the production of pressed and rolled steel goods, boiler bodies, railway materials and shell
It has 3 basic steel furnaces with an estimated annual oapaoity of 30,OCX! tons.
A.G.der Oberbilker StahlwerkeOberbilk(3)
Im 1923, this firm was leased to the Press u.
Weltwerk A.G., Reisholz, and it is believed that it is engaged on production similar to that mentioned above. The works cover a fairly extensive ar%4djaaent to the east aid' of Düsseldorf main railway station.
;a
Düsseldorfer Waggon-FabrikLierenfeld(3)
This plant lies lj miles due East of the main railway station. It produoes tractors, trailers, and about 2,000 railway wagons per annua. in 1938, some 700 workers were aqployed.
Hein, Lehmann A Co.,A.G'Oberbilk(3)
This is a firm of constructional engineers believed to be employing 1,600 workers.
I,
Constructional atsel, railway sleepers, lines and cranes eto., are produced. The works lie approximately i mile South East of the main passenger station, adjacent to the Lierenfeld goods station.
Deutsche Carborundum Werks G.m.b.H>Benrath(a)
lying miles 3outh East of Düsseldorf, this firm produces silicon carbide, grinding wheels and abrasives. It is believed that this firm ranks fifth in importance among the German manufacturers of grinding wheels' It probably accounts for the bulk of its own requirements of silioon carbide.
Schenk u. Liebe-Harkort A.G./
Schenk u& Liebe^-H&rkoi-t A' G'
Heerdt
(3)
Situated in the suburb of Heerdt approximately 3 miles North Test of Düsseldorf rain station on the West bank of the river Rhine, this firm manufactures blast-furnace and equipment, suoh as automatio charging plant, cranes, eleotrio cranes, presses and wire-working machinery etc.
600 workers are believed to be employed
J. G. Schwietske MetallwerkeR'th
This firm, 3 miles North of the main railway station, is engaged on the production of centrifugal castings, torpedo tubes, and other torpedo components.
(2)

Deutsche Delta Metallwerk A.G. A. Dick Sc Co.,
Flingern (3)
Approximately lj miles North East of Düsseldorf, this works has brass rolling mills and is engaged on the production of sheets, bands, profiles, rods, pipes, wires, drop forgings, forged parts, etc.
Malmedie A Co,
Lierenfeld (3)
lying 1-J- miles East of Düsseldorf main station, this firm manufactures wire-working maohines.

Fischer A. G.für Blechverarbeitung
Manufacturers of steel sheet produots, this firm employs some 400 workers.
Elektrometall Sohniewindt,
Pose u.Marre
Düsseldorf (3)
Erkrath
(3)
This firm is one of the leading German producers of eleotrio resistance wire and nickel chromium wire.
Dürrwerke A.G.
Ratingen (2)
Prior to the war this factory eaployed 800 workers on the manufacture of boilers and associated products. According to unconfirmed ground reports the factory was enlarged in 1943 and o cnverted to nuw heavy tanks' The reports suggest that several thousand workers were e^jloyed in 1943.
It is known that the plant was fully active from 1938 on and that it was chiefly engaged on Government contracts.
Jagenberg Werke A.G./

Jagenberg Werke A.G.Oberbilk
This mirks lies l£ miles South of the n<n station and is engaged on the production of paper-working machines. 1,250 workers were employed in 1940.
C&lor-Emag Elektrieitats A.G.Ratingen
This firm is situated in the outlying suburb of Ratingen Just North of a group of railway-sidings. It is a manufaoturer of insulators, switch gear, dynamos, and electric motors.
Wotan 4 Zinmormann-Terke A.G.Düsseldorf
This firm employs 500 workers on the production of welding, grinding, and planing machines.
Vereinigte Keaselwerke A. 0.tiusseldorf
Covering an area of 13,000 square metres on a site 24,000 square metres, this firm manufactures boilers and constructional machinery.
700 workers are reported to be employed.
Rheinisohs Metallwarenfabrik A.G.Öusseldorf
Steel for projectiles and forged parts for motors and aircraft are produced by this firm.
Maschinenfabrik Rheinland A.G.
(V. K, P. )Düsseldorf
This firm was engaged onthe production of
ball bearing axles for road vehioles, but is believed to have been closed since 1929
GebyGder LoewoDüsseldorf
Accessories for machine tools including lathe heads and spindles are produced by this firm.
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Paul Porkhardt K.GDüsseldorf(3)
In 1939 some 550 workers were enployed by this firm on the production of machine tools.
Dr. Ing. R. StotsLohausen(-)
This faotory makes foundry plant - mainly oupolas.
Hasenolever Maschinenfabrik A.G.Düsseldorf(-)
Manufacturers of cableways, conveyors, wagon dischargers, rail laying machines. In 1938 they employed 300 workers.
A. Ehrenreich & Cie./
A.Ehrenreioh A CiHeerdt-Oberkaasel(3)
Situated in the suburb of Oberkaasel on the yfestern bank of the river Rhine, this works manufactures propeller shafts, and universal Joints.
Habersang 4 Zinsen G m, b. H.Cberbilk(“)
Employing 300 workers, this works produces machine tools.
Deutsche Drahtwalzwerk JUG,Düsseldorf(-)
This firm is a subsidiary of Mannesmannröhren-Werke A.G. , and is engaged on the produotion of steel wire.
Senssehbrenner G.m.b'H.Oberkassel(3)
Situated near the Western bank of the river Rhine, this firm siauufaotures casting machines, ladles, and ladle oars; also steel furnace and equipment.
Walzmasohlnenfabrik
August Schmitz G'm. b. HUnterbilk(3)
These maxaifaoturers of rolling mills and their equipment, are situated ly miles South-West of the main railway station'
Westdeutsche Werkzeugmaschinen JUG.Benrath(3)
This factory makes electric welding apparatus and machine tools.
Gustav Zlassermann
Maschinenfabrik G.m.b.R.Rath(3)
Situated in the Northern suburb of Rath, this firm is engaged on the production of foundry moulding mao hi nos.
Trebelwerk A. Lambert G.m.b.H.Rath(3)
This small works specialises In the manufacture of grinding wheels'
L.Soest A Co.,Reisholz(3)
Situated 3i miles South East of the main station, this works is engaged on the production of heavy tool-waaking machines, machine tools, and is reported to employ some 650 workers. It was taken over by Schloss JUG. in 1938.

Rohde & Dörrenburg/
Rohde 4 ti&rrenburg
Düsseldorf
Uanufaoturers of twist drills, resmers, milling cutters, sad twist drill grinders.
Biller Sc duller
Jfiokel-Pabrik JUG.
Düsseldorf
Fabricators end rolled nioksl for anodes, sheets, rods, bars,end tubing. No details of the oapaoity are available.
Maschinenfabrik Sack G.a.b.H.
Batingen
Engaged on the production of rolling mill equipment.
Chemicals and Explaaivea/
Kenkel & CieReisholz(3)
Ml'
lilopi
Situated 3? miles South East of Düsseldorf main station, the chemical works of Henkel & Cie (incorporating Kenkel G.m.b.H. on the same site) are the largest manufacturers of soap and the second largest producers of sodium perborate, and glycerine, in Germany. In May 1943 this plant v.ns reported to be employing more than 3,000 workres.
Thorrpson-V/erke G.m.b.H.Oberbilk(3,
Manufacturers of soap powder and miscellaneous chemicals. Plant lies exactly 1 mile East of main railway station.
Rutgerswerke A.G.miles north (3)
of Nievenheim
This is one of the largest wood impregnating plants in Germany.
Rubber
Pahlsche Gunmi u. Asbest-GesellschaftRath(3)
"Pagnag" m.b.H.
Fibre and asbestos joinings, sheets, hose (reinforced), particularly rubber lined asbestos products, and possibly fuel tanke are manufactured. '.Veil-equipped modem factory employing 4-300 workers before the war.
Düsseldorfer Gummiwerk
Theiler and Seeberger G.m.b.H.Heerdt(3)
This firm employed 400-300 workers in 1938 when they were principally engaged in producing rubber soles and heels reputedly at the rate of betweai 50 and 60 tons per month.
Erwin PfefferDüsseldorf(3)
This company is a government-licensed re-treating concern with capacity to process 1,000 motor tyres per month.
Foodstuffs
Rheinmühle A.G.Benrath(-)
This plant consistsofflour mills, grain storage,
cold storage Installations. Milling capacity is
12,000tcai3 per annum and the total storage capacity is believed to be 1 million cubic feet.
Simons MühleHafenbeckenI(-)
Düsseldorf
This plant consists of a flour mill and grain silos.
RheinmflhleHafenbeckenII(-)
Düsseldorf
Rheinmflhle consists of flour mill and silos.
Hafenbecken
Simona Mflhlo
Düsseldorf
This plant consists of a flour mill and grain silos.
BheinmahloHafenbecken
Düsseldorf
Rheinmflhle consists of flour mill and silos.

EBSRSWALE (Brandenburg)
52° 50' N. 13° 50' E: 600 miles: (39,000)
Eberswalde is situated on the railway line from Stettin to Frankfurt (Oder) It is important as a connecting link between Berlin and Stettin owing to its location on the Hohenzollern Car '1
?riti
This oanal leaves the Havel at Oranienburg and flo.vs past the northern districts of Eberswalde to Join the Oder at Niederfinow. A large ship-lifting lock connects the levels of the canal and the Oder. The to n iB chiefly important for its large brass and copper works.
There are also engineering plants, rrepair shops, and a chemical
factory.
Transportation
ReichsbahnausbeaserongswerkeEberswalde(3)
Mfcri
These large railway repair shops are in the West part of the tov.n and are believed to employ Borne 2,000 workers on the repair and maintenance • of passenger and goods wagons.
Shiplifting LockNiederfinow (2)
Situated some 3 miles East of the town this lock was the first of its kind to be built.
The process of lifting ships bodily from one level to another dispenses with several locks and shortens the time required for the change of level, by about six hours. This lock can accommodate vessels up to 1,000 G.R.T. and is believed to be the largest of its kind in the world.

Public Utility Services
Märkisches Elektrizitätswerk A.G.Finow(1)
The installed capacity of this thermal power station is believed to be 66 MW. Th$ 100 MT substation is a focal point for the 100 kV transmission lines which run from the Berlin area to Northern Germany, Two 100 kV long distance lines run to Güstrow via Liebenwalde, one to Pasewalk, West of Stettin, and one to Strausberg, East of Berlin. One line, probably 50 kV runs to -Angermunde.
"iiir
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
Hirsch-Kupfer £ Messingwerke A.G,Finow(l)
These are one of the largest producers in Germany of rolled copper and brass and other copper alloy products. They also produce aluminium sheet, rectangles, discs, sections, rods, tubes and wire on a large scale and are believed to employ several thousand workers.

Eberawalde (2)

This firm is reported to employ some 3,000 workers on the manufacture of light-metal castings and steel castings for aircraft construction as well as gear boxes for use
in tanks and other military transport, lifting and conveying appliances, oranes,etc.
Franz Seiffert A.G.
Eberswalde (3,
The main factory of this company is situated at Eberswalde on the Hohenzollem Canal and

there is a branch works at Bochum, At Eberswalde some 1,200 workers were employed
in 1940 on the manufacture of high-pressure tubes.
fa' Ö
Chemicals ani Explosives Sobering A.G.
Fines
(3.
Ardelt Werke G.m.b.H.
Berlin. It is one of the only two synthetic-
Situated on the Hohenzollem Canal at Fines this is a branch factory of Schering A.G.
ID
Textiles and Paper
Paper Factory - Siemens
Finow-
Wolfswinkel (3)
camphor factories in Germany, the other being the Rheinische Kampfer G.m.b.H. at Düsseldorf which is also owned by Schering. Other products of this works are agricultural insecticides, borax and boric acid and formic acid.
A large factory, owned by Siemens-Schuckertwerke A.G It produces paper both for electrioal and general purposes, and it occupies an area of 146,600 sq.ft, and is situated some 3 miles East of Eberswalde.
Rubber
Eberawalde (3)
Rubber Factory - Hochwald
Autoreifen-Hochwald, are a Government licenced retreading firm with capacity to treat 1,200 car and truck tyres per month.

EBINGEN (Württemberg)
48° 15' N. 9° E: 470 miles: (25,000)

Gottlieb Guhringkbingen
This firm is reported to employ some 000 workers and to manufacture all types of boring and some other machine tools.
(3)
Mavis er Werke A.G.
Ebingen
(2)
This is a branch factory of the well-kncarn Mauser Werke A.G. of Oberndorf. It is believed to specialise in the production of rifles and machine guns and is reported to employ some A,000 workers.
5

Situated some 15 miles Northwest of Lake Constance, Kbingen's chief importance lies in its engineering and textile works, C^ing to industrial expansion, the town's population is said to have increased during the past three years by more than 5,000. Apart from those mentioned below, Ebingen contains a number of smaller factories but none of these is of individual importance.
Textiles, Rayon. Pulp and Paper
Schwäbische ZellstoffEbingen(3/
This firm produces woodpulp and viscose staple fibre. The output of staple fibre is believed to be 10,000 tons per annum.

EHRANG (Rhine province)
49° 50' N. 6° 50' E: 320 miles: (4,800)
Ehrang is a small town situated near the left bank of the River Mosel some aix miles north of Trier. It is an important railway Junction - the main line running north-south from Cologne to Saarbrücken crosses the line running northeast-southwest fro' Koblenz to Luxembourg - and it is a vital centre for the carriage of goods between the Rheinland and Prance. The important marshalling yard and the Klocknerwerke branch foundries at Quink are referred to below.
Transportation
Marshalling yardEhrang(2)
to'

The marshalling yard is situated south of the railway Junction. It had a capacity of 1'.,000 wagons per 2U hours in 1938,and included a depot for 76 locomotives with 3 turntables, and large storage and reception sidings. The yard iB one of the main sorting places for French and Lorraine iron ores and other raw materials in transit to the Ruhr and one of the vital yards for the carriage of industrial material between France and the Rhineland.
sulltr
Ehrang
(3/
The highly important firm of Klockner-Werke A.G-., whose headquarters are in Duisburg,have a branch works at Quink, a small village 1 mile north of Ehrang. The works comprise an iron foundry, enamel works, a light-metal foundry, nickel plating plant, and a brick works. There is also a plant which specialises in the manufacture of furnaces.

EILENBURG (Saxony)
51° 30' N. 12° 40' E: 550 miles: (20,000)
Transportation
ReichBbahnausbesserungswerke
Eilenburg
(3)
Eilenburg is situated on the river Mulde some 15 miles north aast of Leipzig. The principal industry of this small town is celluloid and celluloid products. There are two main factories, listed below, both of which are owned by the I.G.concern and are now reported to be engaged on tha manufacture of explosives.
OC)

Chemicals and Explosives Deutsche Celluloid A.G.
Ziegelstr,
(3)
Prior to the war this factory employed some 800 workers on the manufacture of fire-proof celluloid goods, end photographic films. Intelligence reports suggest that parts of the factory have been converted and are now making explosives on a considerable soale.
I.G.Parbenindustrio
Eilenburg
(3)
Formerly known as the Deutsche Cellulose Fabrik, this branch of I.G.Farbenindustrie specialises in the manufacture of cellulose, gun cotton, and nitro-cellulose-film. Some 1,300 workers are employed here and their monthly output of nitrocellulose is believed to be approximately 1,230 tons.
These railway repair shops are engaged on the repair and maintenance of goods wagons.

EISENACH (Thuringia)
51° N. 10° 20' E: 455 miles: (50,000)
Eisenach is on the main line from Berlin to Frankfort/Main.iyeferj
It has a considerable industry including the important aero-engine and M.T.works of B.M.W. mentioned below. The industrial quarter is mainly grouped in that part of the town which lies North of the railway.
Transportation
Eisenach
South East (3)
Marshalling Tard
E
Htleiet
'nu: (teynt jfrhrri
On the Eastern side of the railway station there are marshalling yards, a goods station and a small railway repair shop.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Bayerische Motorenwerke A.O,Eisenach(l)
This firm has its parent works at Munich and the Eisenach works was formerly known as the Dixi-Werke, makers of small automobiles, delivery cars,and other transport.
After the acquisition of the Dixi company hy B.M.W. a considerable expansion of the works was undertaken and a subsidiary factory opened at Stockhausen near Eisenach. It ia believed that a third factory, built Just to the North East of Eisenach since 1940, is also owned by B.M.W. Ground reports suggest that the new plant is exclusively engaged on the manufacture of military transport, including
A.F.V's, and is supplied with components by the Stockhausen works. The latter is believed to supply components also to the main Eisenach works, the chief activities of which are the manufacture of aero-engines, engines for military transport, gears and gear-boxea, and a small range of engine components which are believed to be supplied to other B.M.W. works. It is believed that the Eisenach group of B.M.W, plants together employ some 7,000 workers.
Engineering and Armaments
Gebrüder GommerEisenach(3)
These works are situated South of the main
B.M.W. plant and are believed to produce mine oases, shells, mines and components for mines.

EISENBERG (Thuringia)
50° 58' N. 18° 54' E: 520 miles: (11,000)
(3)
Eisenberger TrockenplattenfabrikEisenberg
The Eisenberger Trookenplattenfabrik Otto Kirschen A.G is one of a small number of German firms making photographic plates and films,

EISSRFKLD (Westphalia)
See under Sieges,

EISLEBEN (Saxony)
51° 30' N. 11° 30' E: 500 miles: (24,000)
Eisleben which is 20 miles West of Halle, is the centre of an important copper-mining district.
ai
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication Mansfeld A.G.
Eisleben/
Mansfeld
(1)
The Eisleben/Mansfeld area is by far the most important concentration of copper production in Germany. It is believed that with the installation of new equipment and plant, the productive capacity of the Eisleben/Mansfeld plants had by the outbreak of war been stepped up to as much as 30,000 tons of copper per annum out of a total German production of new copper of 33,500 tone per annum.
The Eisleben/Mansfeld production is distributed over the following works, the individual output of whioh is not known: -
a)Mansfeldsoher Kupferschiefer Bergbau A.G.
at Mansfeld near Eisleben,
b)Kui'-Hessisohe Kupferborgbau G.m.b.H.
Hosel near Mansfeld,
o) Studiengeeellschaft Deutscher Kupferbergbau G.m.b.H. at Liedersdorf and Sotterhausan near Mansfeld.
The Mansfeld company operates two mines at Eisleben and others nearby are at Krughfltte and Clothildenschacht.
The company has a smelting plant at Eisleben and a smelting plant and refineries at Hettstedt with a total capacity of 30,000 tons per annum of which 25,000 tons is electrolytic refining and
5,000tons fire refining. The smelting plant at Eisleben treats only ores produced from the Mansfeld mines and has no provision for refining.
The smelters and refineries at Hettstedt treat the blister copper from Eisleben, copper ores and mattes from Mansfeld, Liedersdorf, and Hasel as well as copper scrap.
The Mansfeld plants at Eisleben and Hettstedt fabricate virtually the whole production of the Mfcnafeld refineries. They have an output of approximately 25,000 tons per annum of copper sheet and wire, the bulk being in the form of copper sheet.
Elbing is an important Baltic port where the Schichau ship-building concern have extensive yards. It is on the main railway lines from Berlin and Stettin to Königsberg, Riga and the Eastern front. The town has an important engineering ana shipbuilding industry and has gained considerably in industrial importance since 1939 owing to its large submarine building yards.
Public Utility Services
Power StationElbing North (2)
This is a thermal station supplying the town and dock areas and has a capacity of UB MW.
Nft. artlas i i prt
ELBING (Saat Prussia)
54° 10' N. 19° 25' E: 835 miles: (81,000)
53
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Wittowsky G.m.b.H.Elbing North (3>
This firm is believed to specialise in the manufacture of ply-wood components and sections for aircraft.
jg
-it.

Ship Building
F.Schiohau G.m.b.H.
Elbing North (l)
tte f "‘an]
These highly important ship yards specialise in the building of submarines, torpedo boats, and destrqyers of the Elbing olass. They lie to the North of the town on the banks of the Elbing river. The site of the yards includes a small electric power plant and foundries.
The latter also serve the locomotive and engineering worxs mentioned belwr.
.C
Engineering and Armaments
t>l
Si
It was built in 1927/8 for ultimate capacity of 50 MW. One generating set of 24 MW was insta'lled in 1937 to supplement the three originally installed sets totalling 24 MW.
F.Sohichau G.m.b.H.Elbing
South East (2/
In the South East quarter of the town the Schichau concern has a large works chiefly engaged on the manufacture of locomotives. Other products include general machinery, boilers and steel bridges.
BÜssing-N.A.GElbing South (2)
&
V.
These works which formerly belonged to the Maschinenfabrik Komnick G.m.b.H., produce heavy lorries and other types of military transport on a large scale.

EMDEN (Hanover)
50° 20' N. 7° 10' E: 340 miles: (35,000)
Emden, situated on the right bank of the Ems estuary opposite the Dutch coast, is the most westerly of the German North Sea portB and the nearest to England. The surrounding country is flat, and low-lying, intersected by canals and almost entirely devoted to agriculture. Apart from its harbour and associated industly, Emden and the sunrounding district is not industrially significant. Its position, however, as a terminus of the Dortmund-Ems Canal and the Ema-Jade Canal connecting Emden with Wilhelmshaven makes it  valuable service port for the Ruhr, particularly in the handling of Swedish iron ore for which it is specially equipped. It is also important as a naval station, a base for mine-layers and mine-sweepers, and for its facilities for shipbuilding and ship repairs.
There are four main harbours, the Outer Harbour, the inner Harbour, the New Inner Harbour, and the Industry Harbour, Of these, only the Outer Harbour is tidal, the others being entered from the sea, either via the lock at the entrance to the New Inner Harbour, or through that at the northern end of the Outer Harbour. The Outer Harbour is capable of accommodating the largest sea-going vessels at its quays.
!r

ELMSHORN (Schleswig-Holstein) 
53° 45' N. 9° 40' E: miles: (18,000)

Klmahorn is a Junction on the railway fron Hamburg to Kiel and Bsbjerg. Its chief industries are leather tanning, engineering, textiles and food-stuffs, but none of the factories are of individual importance.
ELBERFELD See under WUPPERTAL E L S N I 1 See under Torgau.

The New Inner Harbour, in which is handled s large proportion of Emden's traffic, is reached by the large ooean look (260 m. long by 40 m, wide). On the south of this harbour ia the Ore and Iron Quay; ooal and coke are also dealt with at this quay.
Adjacent to the New Inner Harbour on the north is the Industry Harbour with the Nordseewerke shipyard and a briquette factory.
The harbour equipment includes a great variety of cranes, and good railway connections to the quays enable loading to be effected direct from truck to ship without the need of intermediate storage.
Emden Is supplied with electricity on the grid system. A grid 'nd transformer station is situated at the eastern extremity of the Industry Harbour. A small power plant on the east quay of the Inner Harbour, at its southern end, supplies power for dock installations.
Emden has no important local industries. Its value lies rather in its trade, which causes £he port to rank high among German seaports. It is the import and export harbour for bulk goods to and from the eastern and oentral Ruhr, notably serving this district with suppliesof iron ore from Sweden. There is also an aotive trade in agricultural produce, cattle, timber, coal and coke, while it was in peace time an important base for the deep sea fishing fleet. On the east quay of the Outer Harbour are large grain warehouses and silo. Submarines and small surface craft are constructed at the Nordseewerke.
S'r relay fn mu fa 'Ml lilt
Cdl'wi
Transportation Port Area
Emden South (2)
Enden has four main harbours. These are the Aussen-Hafen, Binnen-Hafon, Neuer-Binnen-Haffen, and Industrie-Hafen. A new submarine harbour has been constructed on the south side of the Industrie-Hafen. The only harbour directly accessible from the sea is the Aussen-Hafen, the remainder being reached by means of locks. The largest of these is the Ooean Look at the entrance to the Neuer-Binnen-Hafen which ia 260 metres long by i0 metres wide. Iron ore, ooal and coke, are dealt with at the quays situated on the South side Of this harbour. The Dortmund-Ems and Ema-Jade Canals terminate in the Eastern quarter of the town and are connected by a third canal kncwn as the Verbindungs-Kanal.
feildh

Marshalling lards
Bmden South (3/
Mur
Ship Building
Nordseewerke G.m.b.H.
Smden
(2)
This is an important ship building yard belonging to the Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. of Düsseldorf. There are four slipways capable of building large ocean-going vessels, and a floating dock of 5,000 tons oapaoity. Up to six submarines have been reported as under construction in these yards simultaneously. Naval auxiliaries and freighters are also built here.

EMMENDINGEN (Baden)
48° 10' N. 7° 50' E: 425 miles: (15,000)
Emmendingen lies on the railway from Basle to Karlsruhe. Its industries include machine, leather and cigar factories, but apart from the one plant listed below, none of these is of individual importance.
Engineering and Armaments Wehrle Werke A.G.
Bismarkstr. (3)

This factory formerly manufactured machinery and applianoea for breweries. It is now reported to have installed a number of machine tools and to be making tank and submarine components.

The marshalling and goods yards lie to the North of the main railway station.


EMMERICH (Rhineland)
51° 50' N. 6° 51' E: 275 miles: (17,000)
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Deutsche Gasolin A.G.Emmerich(2)
This oil refinery has distillation facilities and a cracking plant. The annual oapaoity is ,believed to be approximately 60,000 tons. In
19A0 the plant was severely damaged by the K.A.F. but is believed to have been fully aotive again in July 1943. The Deutsche Gasolin A.G. has another refinery at Dollbergen, near Peine, and in 1938 some 2,000 workers were employed in the two works.
Ennerich, situated on the right bank of the Rhine, lies on the railway from Western Germany to Hollaai and is well known as a Customs station for Rhine rirer traffic. Its only factories, apart from those listed below, are a small number of wine and spirit distilleries and a few small engineering plants.

Pood-3 tuffs
Oelwerke Germania G.m.b.H.fienerioh(-)
This vegetable oil hardening plant is reported to have olosed down in 1943.

EMSDETTEN (Westphalia)
52° 10' N. 7° 40' E: 335 miles: (18,000)
Emsdetten, on the river Ems, lies some IO miles West of Osnabrück. Apart from a small textile industry ohiefly engaged in Jute pinning, it contains no industries of importance.

ERFURT (Saxony)
51° N. 11° E: 485 miles: (148,000)
Erfurt lies on the railway lines from Berlin to Prankfort/Ein •ad Berlin to Schweinfurt and wSrsburg. It is ohiefly noted for its boot arid shoe industry but there are a number of well known engineering plants specialising in the manufacture of small arms.
Transportation
Railway Marshalling TardaBrfurt(3)

These marshalling yard are situated to the east of the town and in 1939 had a oapacity of 2,600 wagons per 24 hours.
Public Utility Servioea
ßadowitzmtr. (2)
Stidtisohe Elektrizitlts-Werko
Aircraft and Aero Engine
Flugieugreparatur Werk Erfurt
Erfurt
(3)
The principal power station, is situated to the South of the main railway station. It has a capacity of A4 MW.
Situated at Erfurt aerodrome, which liea to the Bast of the town, these workshops are engaged on the repair and maintenance of aircraft and aero-engines.
Engineering and Armaments
"Erma"Zietenstr.(3)
The "Erma" Erfurter Maschinen und T. erkzeugf abrlk B.Geipel G.m.b.H. is believed to be engaged on the manufacture of rifles, pistols, machine guns and their components. They are reported to employ some 850 workers.
•Gauds' Werkseug undMaschinenfabrikZietenstr.(3>
Some 1,600 workers are reported to be employed by this firm on the manufacture of automatic pistols and machine guns.
J.A.Jshn A.G.Schwerbomerstr.(3)
This company, which has branch factories in S Carolina via, formerly specialised in making cooling, heating, and cleaning installations.
It is now belisved to be engaged on the manufacture of small-arras components, and to employ some 1,000 workers,
"Make' Masohinenges. nub.H.Reiohartstr. (3)
Formerly engaged on the manufacture of vacuum pumps and their accessories, this company is now believed to make apparatus and equipment for the new explosives industry,
Olympia A.G,Mainzerhof plate (2)
Before the war this firm made typewriters and other office machinery but they are now reported to employ some 2,000 workers on the manufacture of small arms and small arms ammunition.

(15,000)
Eduard Lingel
Steigerfarat (})
This is one of the largest shoe faotprles In Germany and is no believed to be making boots and shoea mainly for any use.

miHSClf 1CI (Westphalia)
See under Oer-irkecsohwiokBeck! 1 ngfaausaa.

ERLANGEN (Bavaria) 
49° 35' N. 11° E: 510 miles: (33,000)
Erlangen la a small university town on the railway from Nürnberg to Bamberg and is situated on the Ludwigs Canal which connects the river Main with the river Donau. It has a small clothing and metal vorking industry in addition 'to the important Siemens works mentioned below.

Engineering and Armaments
Siemens-Reiniger Werke A.G.
Erlangen
(2)
Atilt:
Leather
Schuhfabrik Baas A.G.
Erfurt
(3)
This factory la reported to employ 1,000 workers on the manufacture of boots and shoes and to be one of the big suppliers to the German forces.
The Erlangen Works of the Siemens Reiniger Werke A.G. (a subsidiary of Slemons A Halake) were formerly the Reiniger Gebbert A Sohall A.G.
They are important makers of X-ray apparatus, all kinds of electrical therapeutio appliances, and dental equipment. Siemens Reiniger have a second factory in Rudolstadt in Thuringia and before the war employed some 4,000 workers.
They are ttfe leading German suppliers of this type of medical equipment.

ESCHWEGE (Hesse-Naasau) 
51° 10' N. 10° E: 440 miles: (15,000)
Eschwege lies an ths river Werrs some 12 miles Bast of Kassel. It has a variety of industrial establishments, including textiles, ohemioale, soap, and leather. None is of individual importance.

ESCHWEILER (Rhineland)
50° 50' N. 6° 15' E: 200 miles: (34,000)
The town of Eschweiler lies approximately 9 mile North East of Aschen and approximately 50 miles South West of Cologne. It is in the centre of the Inde Valley where coal, iron ore and sine are found. Industry in Eaohweiler la mainly concerned with coal mining , and some engineering. The most important industrial concerns are given belwr.
Public Utility Services
Kraftwerk Zukunft A.G.Eschweiler (1)
Controlled by R.W.E. and the Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein A.G., this thermal power station lies approximately lj miles north east of the town of Eschweiler and adjacent to the Zukunft coal mine, (see under Solid Fuels.) It has an estimated capacity of 100 MW. There is also a switchhouse and an outdoor substation. A 5 W and i 25 W line provide power to the hearby briquette works (see under Solid Fuels) and the carbide works (see under Non-Ferrous Metals), four 35 W lines supply power to Aaohen, Düren,
Nothberg and Heimbaoh respectively, and there are two long distance lines, one of 220 kV and one of 110 kV, to Fortuna end Aaohen reBpectively.
Kraftwerk KohlscheidKohlaoheid (3)
This is a email thermal station owned by the Esohweiler Bergwerks-Verein A.G. situated at Kohlaoheid approximately 6 miles west of Eschweiler. Its estimated capacity ia 35 HW. Together with the Alsdorf station the 1937 output was 222 million KWH.
Solid Fuels
Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein A.G.Nothberg(2)
The Nothberg mine (3 shafts) and coking plant of this company lies approximately j mile south east of Esohweiler. The coking plant has 120 ovens and has an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 512,000 tone.
Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein A.G.Eschweiler(3)
Formerly Bra\xikohlen-Industrie A.G.Zukunft, this mine has open pita north of the Zukunft Power Station and a briquette works immediately east of the power station. The brown coal and briquette production in 1937 was 3,895,000 tone and 919-000 tons respectively.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloys
Eschweiler
Weisweiler
Gesellschaft fur
Elektrometallurgie
Since 1938 this company has been a subsidiary of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. and the Hermann Goring combine. It is a ferroalloy plant lying immediately south of the Zukunft power station. Its estimated annual oapaoity of ferro-alloys, including terra/silicon, ferro/chrome, ferrc/molybdenum, terra/vanadium, totals 30,300 tons. Calcium carbide is also produced.
Engineering and Armaments
Eschweiler-
Aue
Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein A.G.
Approximately one mile south south west of Eschweiler, this company owns 4 plants:
1)Concordiahutte producing foundry iron.
2)Werke Aue with rolling mills producing atrip-iron, tubes and rods, also gas
and water pipes, screws, plates and bolts.
3)Abteilung Stahlbau manufacturing steel constructions.
4)Werk Ermag with 2 basic Siemens-Martin furnaces and tube works producing seamless tubes and other types of tubes for industrial purposes,
Pelten A Guilleaume-
Eschweiler Draht A.G.Esohweiler
These works, owned by Pelten &. Guilleaume Carlswerk Eisen luStahl A.G., consist of iron and ateel wire-drawing plant and rolling mills and produce, in addition to cables and wire, chains and metal drums.
Iynenwerke K.G.Havermihle
This is a small works manufacturing cable and wire producta ind accessories.

ESSEN (Rhineland)
51° 25' N. 7° 00' E: 310 miles: (1,139,000)
General
The area covered by this report is in the central part of the Ruhr; it consists of undulating country varying fron 100 to 400 ft. above sea level with some wooded area to the north and south. Essen includes within its boundaries a number of sprawling suburbs with a total population of 670,000; the original town and surrounding villages hare long since outgrown their boundaries and industrialisation has given the area a character not unlike that of an English mining district.
SsBen is the great armaments centre of the Ruhr. Its reputation as Germany's greatest armaments arsenal ("Die Waffenschmiede des Reichs" as the Germans call it) originates from World War I in the course of which the famous Friedrich Krupp works expanded on a scale unprecedented in hiatqry•
In 1917/18 a peak figure of over 150,000 workers were employed by the Fr. Krupp i.G. undertaking, some 80,000 of whom worked at the main plant at Essen.

Axvamanta seotiona of the main works at Kasan35 000
Heavy engineering aeotiona of the in works
at Eaaen.40,000
Krupp Gruaon Works at Magdeburg
(armaments and heavy engineering)35,000
Coal mines, iron-ore mines, ooke-oven plants, synthetic oil plants,eto. situated at
various places ig Western Germany18,000
Friedrich Alfred Hutte steelworks near Duisburg12,000
Priedrioh Krupp iron and steel works, Essen,
(situated several miles West of the in works).5,000
Krupp Germania Werft, Kiel, (shipbuildingyards)10,000
Administrative staff at the various works, holding and financing ocnpanies, distribution centres, trading companies, eto.20,000
It 's estimated in 1942 that the total ms'er of workers and plpyeea operating in th various Krupp works was 175,000. This naaber was divided roughly aa follows:-
175,000

At the southern boundary of the d is trio t is the Elver Ruhr, which is navigable by aller barges fron Duisburg to Witten,east of Essen. Across tbs oentre of the ares run the &asoher Canal and the Rhine-Heme Canal. The fomar is used for drainage purposes and runa from Walsvat on the Rhine to Dortmund. The latter ia an important connecting link between the Rhine and the Dor tmund-Ema D“nal; along it passes traffic whioh baa ocoe down the Rhine and ita tributaries to Duisburg-Ruhr art and by its junction with the Dortmund-Ems Canal the traffic peases on to the Mittelland Canal and ao to the great towns of north Germany. Damage to any of tha three looks would therefore have a serious effeot on the industrial life of a great pert of the oountry. It will he observed that many of tha Important industries of this district lie oloae to ocr on the oenal harbours.
li1'1"The area is provided with large marshalling yards and a network
1of railways, so intsroonnaoted that it is difficult to piok out
oh1those of outstanding Importance. It is probable, however, that
mW5'the Osterfeld Marshalling Yard (see under "Oberhausen") handles s
liailarge proportion of the traffio between Duisburg and northern Germany.
The other target ted yards in this area probably serve inly as gtHlooal yards.
vd
t{Tha most important eleotrical objective in this area is the
JEaaen-Karnap 220 MW. R.W.E. electrio power station situated a
„few miles north of Essen. This ia the moat important power plant
in the Ruhr industrial area. There is also a 45 MW. R.W.E.
tation in Essen itself.
Although^
ESSEN (continued)

A1though it is hardly possible to distinguish any areas as industrially more important than others, ‘because any attempt to do so would leave out of acoount some very important targets, it may be said that the principal group of targets covered by this report lie within the area of Essen proper, and stretch north-westwards from Issen-town to the Rhine-Heme Canal.
It includes the steel woritB of Friedrich Krupp A.G. as well asfc
the vast arms, locomotives and general engineering works of that
firm, besides large coal mines and coke-oven plants; the zinc
smelters of A.G. des Altenbergs fflr Bergbau and Zinkhfltteribetrieb
at Borbeck; the plastics works of Presswerk A.G.; the very
important chemicals and non-ferrous metals works Th.Goldschmidt
A.G. (now inactive, see under Non-Ferrous Metals); and finally
the important railway traffic centre Essen-Verschiebebahnhof.
During 1943, the town of Essen wan largely devastated.
Extremely, severe damage was inflicted on the Friedrich Krupp works and it was thought that by the end of July 1943, output had been reduced to one third of capaoity. Since then, some reconstruction has taken place, and by the end of 1943 output was reckoned at l&jL of pre-raid capacity.
The works of Theodore Goldschmidt A.G. were also severely damaged and are believed to be inactive (see under Non-ferrous Metals).
Transportation
Hallway traffic oentre.
Hasan.
(3)
Marshalling yards.
Kupferdreh
(3)
This oantra also known aa tha "Versohiebebahnhof" ia loosted adjoining tha main station tha g re a tar part being on the Eastern aide of it. Tha yards had a capacity of 2,600 wagons par 24 hours in 1938.
Marshalling yards.
Printrop
(2)
These yards 11s on tha southern bank of tha riwer Ruhr and extend for about l£ miles S.E. of Kupferdreh. They had a oapeoity of 2,600 wagons per 24 hours in 1938.
Krupp's Harbour.
Rhein-Harne Canal
(3)
The yards are looatad in tha N.W. ooraer of tha Hasan district, about 5x miles N.W. of Essen main station. They had a oapeoity of 5,400 waggons par 24 hours in 1938.
8 '••'•? a-ferrrJ
Pajbllo Utility Services. R.W.E. power station.
Easen-Ka map.
(1)
Tha private harbour of the Krupp oonoern, which leads off tha Rhine-Herne Canal, is situated immediately north of the blast furnace ocnplex at Borbeok. The harbour has a length of 768 yards and a width of 65 yards and provides the means of bringing iron materials to the plant. (See also under "Iron 4 Steel").
The station owned by the Rhelniaoh-Westfaliaohea Elektrizitätswerk A.G. lies on the Northern bank of the Smsoher Kanal Kz miles north of Essen main s tation.This is the most important power
station in the Ruhr industrial area. It was under construction at the outbreak of the war, and ia believed to have been completed by the sunner of 19A3. It is hard-coal fired but brown ooal can also be fired. The coal-storage ground liee on the opposite eide of the Emsoher canal and between it and the Rhein-Herne canal. There ie e single boiler house adjoining the machine-house in the oentre of the plant. The 4 turbo-generator sets have a total installed capacity of 220 MW. A row of 6 trenaforwera adjoins the generator hall, forming part of the open-air substation which also contains gas blaat switches and auxiliary equipment.
The Important 220 kV line from Leithe to Hamborn has been looped into the station but no other overhead lines appear to be oonneoted. Probably
a considerable pert of the output of the station is supplied locally by underground oables. There mey Also be a connection to Bottrop-Welhei'.
Rupferdreh poser station.Kujferdreh (3)
Owned by Bergisohe Elektrizitätswerke A.G. This station is situated Just East of the Kupferdreh marshalling yards and 6 miles S.E. of Essen main station. There are 3 generating sets with an estimated oapeoity of 34 MW.,
Viktoria Matthias power station,Borbeok(3)
Owned by Friedrich Krupp A.G.. this station is situated at tha Borbeok plant, about 3? miles N.W. of Essen main station. The plant is fired by blast-furnaoe gas and tar oil. There are 3 generating seta having a total estimated oapeoity of 42 MW. This station supplies the Borbeok steel plant.
Amelie power station.Essen(3)
Situated on the mine within the Krupp oonplei end south of Altendorf er Str. There are 3 generating sets with an installed oapeoity of AO MW.
Kruppsohe Wasserwerk.Lake Balde nay(3)
Owned by Friedrich Krupp A.G. The works are situated on tha north bank of the river Bohr, 3 alias south of Essen station and £ nils N.E. of the Baldeney power station.
There ere 4 generating sets with an estimated oapeoity of 34 MW. This station supplies ell the water for the entire Krupp iron end steel works end the engineering works, and ia believed to be the only available source of supply.
Baldeney Reservoir.(3)

3 miles South of Essen, the reservoir is the source of
drinking water for tha Hhenish-Westphalian industrial area. At the western end, on the weir, is the Baldeney Power Station having an installed oapeoity of 9 MW.
Städtische GaswerkeEssen.(2)
Situated in Essen proper on the north-east border of the Friedrich Krupp complex, this municipal gasworks obtains its supplies from the Ruhrgaa grid and the Thyssen grid, and ten Independent ooka-oven plants.
In 1936, purchases and sales of gas amounted to 1,630 million aubio feet of gas.
There are believed to be several other aaall gasworks in the Es Ben area, notably at Borbeok, Kupferdreh,

Steele and Frillendorf.
Solid Pnela
Bn Coking PlantN.W. at Eason
The plant la situated adjoining the Kadi oolliery, 3 Biles N.W. of Bason main station.
It is owned by Hoe a oh A.G. and there are 136 arena with an estimated nr.nl dry ooal capacity of 900,000 tons.
Wolfsbark Coking PlantBorbeok
Owned by Gebrftder Stuns G.BL.bH. the plant is situated 2jp miles N.W. of Essen main station, and Just East of Borbeok station.
There are 170 crreno haring an estimated anr^al dry ooal oapaoity of 455,000 tone. Gas is supplied to the Ruhrgas grid.
Friedribh Ernestine Coking PlantN.E. of Essen
Owned by Direktion der Stinnaa'sahen Zechen, the plant is located 2 alles N.E. of Essen main station. There are 60 arena haring an estimated annual dry ooal oapaoity of
450.000tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhrgas grid.
Helene Coking PlantN. of Essen
Owned by Priedrioh Krupp A.G. the plant is situated 2 miles North of Essen main station.
There are arena with an estimated annual dry ooal oapaoity of 317,000 tons.
Ikisaher Coking PlantN.W. of Essen
Owned by Hoes ah A.G. the plant is situated 3? miles N.W. of Essen main station. There are 110 orens haring an estimated annual dry ooal oapaoity cf 308,000 tons.
Amalie Coking PlantAt Krupps
Owned by Priedrioh Krupp A.G. the plant is situated within the Krupp complex south of Altendorfbr stru. 1$ miles N.W. of Essen main station. There are 82 arena haring an estimated annul dry ooal oapaoity of
237.000tons.
Zollrerein 1 /2 Coking PlantN.E. of Essen
Owned by Gelsenkirahener Bergwerks-A.G. the plant is situated 2^ Biles N.E. of Essen main station. There are 34 orens haring an nraai estimated dry coal oapaoity of
210.000tons.
Hubert Cokix PlantFrillendorf(3)

Owned by ifanneaaannrohren-Verke A.G. the plant ia located at the Hubert oolliery, at Frillendorf,
2 miles N.E. of Essen nein station. There are 80 old arena working, having an estimated unreal dry ooal oapaoity of 188,000 tons. 2 additional batteries af 40 ovens each were being reconstructed at the end of 1943
Salner-Neuaok Coking PlantAt Kropps(3)
Owned by Friedrich Krupps A.G. the plant is situated at tha SAUer-Neuaok oolliery, and within tha Kropps oomplex 1 mile Vest of Essen mn-te station. There are 67 orens having an estimated anreal dry ooal oapaoity of 177,000 tons. The plant has its cam power station (see under "Public Utilities").
Wilhelm Coking PlantH.B. of Essen (3)
Owned by Mannesnermrohren-Verko A.G. the plant is situated at the Wilhelm oolliery adjoining the goods station, 1z miles N.E. of Essen main station. There are 60 ovens having an estimated animal dry ooal oapaoity of 133'000 tons.
BorrLfanius CollieryKray(3)
Situated North of Kray station the oolliery is owned by Geleenkl rohener Bergwerks-A.G. The output of hard ooal in 1937 amounted to
1,050,000tans.
Ball-Basaher CollieryN.N.V. of Essen (3)
Situated 3j miles N.N.V. of Essen main station, the oolliery is owned by Hoesoh A.G. The output of hard ooal amounted to 1 ,489,000 tons in 1937
Frlts-Hoinrich CollieryN. of Essen(3)

by Hoesoh A.G. the oolliery is situated adles North of Essen main station.
1 ,3^5,000 tons of hard ooal were produoad in 1937, when there were 2,800 workers employed.
Karnap
Mathias Stimes Colliery
Owned by Direktion der Stinnssehen Zeahen, the oolliery is situated Just North of Kssen-Karnap station and 5i miles North of Essen main station. The output of hard eoal in 1937 amounted to
2,500,000tons.
Königin Elizabeth Colliery
(3)
(3)
Owned, by MarmesmannrBhren-Werice A.G. the oolliery is situated East of 3 a a on near Kray. The output of hard ooal was 1,040,000 ton in 1957
König Wilhelm CollieryBorbeok
This oolliery is located North of Essen^orbeck station; it is earned by Gebrüder Sturm G.nub.H.
In 1937 the output of hard ooal amounted to
1,033,000tons.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloy^/

Iron and Steal and Ferro-Alloy Fr.Knpp A.G.
Borbeok(2)
Th Iron md steelworks of the Friedrich Krtpp A.G. are situated A miles north west of Kssen main station on Idle Hhein-Heroe Canal at Borbeok. This modem plant contains 2 blast furnaces of the latest suspended type having an estimated annual oapaoity of 300,000 tons of pig iron. There are 5open-hearth furnaces with an estimated annual capacity of 400,000 tons of crude steel. The steelworks have cast ingots of up to 230 tons. There are also rolling mills, etc.
Raw materials are brought to the company's private harbour, just north of these works,on the Rhein-Heme canal (see also under "Transportation."). Power is supplied to the works by the Krupp power station at Borbeck (see under "Public Utilities").
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
GoldschmidtEast Essen(-)
The site of the works of Theodor Goldschmidt A.G. is situated £ mile west of Essen main station, Just south of the railway line.
They formerly produced lead and tin, bearing nstal, welding materials and sulphuric acid end were large producers of inoendiary bombs.
The works has been completely gutted and is now believed to be inactive.
Karl HanmKupferdreth(-)
Rührenwerk Kupferdreth, Karl Hamm, ia situated on the south bank of the river Ruhr about 4$ miles south east of Essen main station. The firm are makers of lead pipes.
A.G. des Altenbergs für Bergbau
und ZinkhüttenbetriebBergoberbeck (3)
A subsidiary of the Stollberger Zink A.G. für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb, this zinc distillation plant is situated 3 miles north west of Essen main station and has an estimated annual oapaoity of 30,000 tans of metal. (The output in 1938 was 28,700 tons). It is also estimated that the works has a oapaoity of 34,000 tans of sulphuric acid. The nuriber of 'workers is believed to be about 1,600

KMHHKBRING AND ARMAMLN.. FR. KRUPP A.ft.
ESSEN (1 )
The engineering and annamo/. -a works of FRIEDRICH KKUH> are situated in the Western half of ESSEN itself. These works are fcuilt on a site of more than 2,130 acres, of which nearly 300 are covered by factories and workshops, the area being approximately 2 miles long and a mile wide.
There are 11 open-hearth furnaces, having an estimated annual oapaoity of 400,000 tons of orude steel. Pig iron and crude steel is also sent to these works from the B0RHECK iron and steel works.
Electric steel is also made. In the S.W. area of the plant, lies the section producing WIDIA (tungsten—carbide), which is used for the tips of tools, cores of armour-piercing ammunition, etc.
The finished and semi-finished product' of these tremendous works cover an extensive range, only the more important of which can be mentioned here.
The northern part of the works contains one of the largest locanotive shops in Europe, which consists of a simple building having 19 parallel bays, with a total floor space of over 88,000 square yards.
There is a tyre-rolling plant covering 34.000 square yards, which has an annual production estimated at 315.000 tyres and
120,000wheel centres.
The numerous forges are capable of producing the largest forgings for guns, including the heavier naval types, parts for turbines and locomotives, and also smaller forgings such as components for motor vehicles and aircraft. The hammer and forging shops contain 120 steam hanmers and 11 steam hydraulic presses. In the largest forging shop there are presses of 200, 4-00, and 500 tons capacity, and one large press of 1,500 tons capacity, which is served by two 400-ton cranes manipulating the ingots, while another two 100-ton cranes handle the necessary toolB. '
Amongst the many rolling mills are those containing drawing and flanging presses of various capacity, aggregating over 8,000 tons.
There are several foundries for iron, malleable iron, rustless end heat-resisting castings and non-ferrous castings in brass, bronzes, and aluminium.
Besides these, there are numerous other shops engaged on general engineering.
The number of employees engaged in the heavy engineering and armaments section of the works was estimated at 75,000 in 1942.
The harbour on the RHEIN-HERKE canal is described under Transportation", the power station and waterworks under "Publio Utilities", the coking plantß and collieries under "Solid Fuels", and the Borbeck plant under "Iron and Steel". A note on Krupp's generally is to be found in the introduction to "ESSEN", which covers the question of bomb damage.
Bude r.iS sehe/
Buderussohe Eisemerke

Situated 3 miles East of Essen in the suburb of Kray, this works manufactures cast pipes, baths, hardware and enamelware.
Ausführungsreahte Maschinenbau
A.G, Union, (Demag)
H Neuenburg, Bergwerksmaschinehbau TCmil Wolff Maschinenfabrik G.m.b.H.
Skip Compagnie A.G.
These firms axe four of several in Essen all engaged on the production of shaft winding equipment and mining machinery in general.
CHEtgGAIS •
Carbddwerk W. Vogelsang &.m'b.H.Steele
Situated 6 miles South Bast of Essen in the suburb of Steele, this works is believed to have a capacity of 6,000 tons per annul of calcium carbide.

ESSLINGEN See under Stuttgart 

EUSKIRCHEN (Rhineland)
50° 40' N. 6° 50' E: 310 miles: (16,000)
to th?v" He dAreCt railway Une from Cologne via
WesJf eSd tole'd from Euskirchen touren (
West) and to Bonn (to the East). It has a small textile and engineering industry.

Trier to the

FALKENSEE (Brandenburg)
52° 35' N. 13° 5' E: 570 miles: (25,000)
Falkensee, though a. separata niuiiio pa: ..Ity, almost adjoins th® outer suburbs of Berlin, being inmodiately west of Spandau. Apart from the factory nantioned below there are no industries of individual importance.
Engineering and Armaments
Berlin-See gef elderFalle enaee(3)
The Berlln-Seegefelder Industrie A.G. are nanufao-turors of high pressure steel containers. They were employing some 700 workers in ±939'

FALKENSTEIN (Saxony)
50° 30' N. 12° 20' E: 55° miles: (16,000)
Falkenstein is situated in the S.W. part of Saxony and has a number of textile factories. It speoialises in ourtain and lace manufacture. These firms are of little individual isportanoe.
Textiles, Bay on. Pul-p and Paper
Gardinen WebereiFalkenstein(-)
The Falkensteiner Gardinenweberei u. Bleicherei vom. Georg Thörey manufactured curtains before the war and employed some 2,000 workers. Nothing is knom regarding the firm's present activities.
Dresdner Gardinen A.G.Falkenstein (-)
v
This is one of three ourtain and lace factories belonging to the Dresdner Gardinen u. Spitzen Manufaktur A.G. of Dresden.

FALLERSLEBEN (Hanover)
52° 25' N. 10° 10' E: 470 miles: (39,000)
Fallersleben, which is 16 miles N.B. of the town of Brunswiok, until 1935 had not more than 3,000 inhabitants. It was ohossn as the site of the Peoples Car factory - Volkswagenwerke - and developed rapidly and simultaneously with the erection of the great automobil' works. Since 1940 a number of workers' oolonies have been built in the vicinity of the works mainly for the purpose of housing prisoners of war, and labour imported from occupied countries.
Public Utility
Electricity WorksFallersleben (2)
The Power Station is owned by the Volkswagenwerke
G.m.b.H., and is situated at the eastern end of the works, on the Mittel} and Canal, and the min Hanover^-Berlin railway. The plant is designed for duplication or even triplication, but it is possible that the generating station is not in use, and that the works is obtaining lt3 electrical requirements from outside sources. There is a single boiler house and a single generator house. The generator house is reported to contain 63 M.W. of generating plant capacity, but details of the sets are not known.
A medium voltage line connects via Weferlingen to the important 220 kV substation at Hasbke between Brunswick and Magdeburg.

Engineering and Armaments Volkswagen werke
Fallersleben (2)

The Volkswagenwerke G.nub.H. belonging to the Hermann Goring concern was originally intended to mass-produce an austerity-type automobile designed by Dr. Porohe, a former chief engineer of the Daimler-Benz A.G. at Stuttgait-Unterfftrkheim. At the outbreak of the war the Fallersleben plant was still under const ruction, and it has never been utilized for its original purpose. However, much of the original installations are now employed on the large scale manufacture of a military version of the "Peonies' Car" in both the normal and anphibioua types. Another major activity of this works is believed to be the repadr of aircraft fuselages and possibly also the manufacture of components. Ground intelligence suggests that at least one section of the works is engaged on the machining of bombs up to 2,000 kg. It is believed that approximately 15,000 workers are employed at Fallersleben.

FERNDORF (Westphalia)
50° 55' N. 8° E: 355 miles: (2,800)
Ferndorf is four miles north of Siegen and has no noteworthy industries other than that mentioned below.

&>gLnearing and Armaments Stahlschmidt
Femdorf (3)
The Albert Sohaub-Eberh. Stahlschmidt G.nub.H. are known as manufacturer of boilers. They are now reported to be building gas-producer shells for arny use.

FINKENHEERD (Brandenburg)
54° 20' N. 14° 30' E: 630 miles: (3,000)

Thermal Fewer Station
Near Frankfort - a.d. -Oder.

(1)
This important thermal power station tis owned by the liärkisches Elektrizitätswerk A.G. (M.E.W.)
Berlin, and has an installed capacity of 232 M.W.
Begun in 1921, it has been frequently extended, and there is space for an ultimate capacity of 2'00 li .'if.The station supplies power to Brandenburg
province, Berlin, Lower Siberia, Grenzmark,tyj
Pomerania, and 1-ieoklanburg-St relit z.
It is situated on the brown coalfield 5 miles south of Frankfurt a.d. Oder, on the Brieskcrw Lake, a stretch of water running south from the Oder, sharp north of the point where the lake is Joined to the Fried rich-Wilhelm Kanal.
There are 3 boiler-houses and a fourth nay have been built when the station's capacity was increased in 1940. There are 7 turbo-generator sets; the seventh with a capacity of 50 H.W, was installed in 1940. An important substation containing the 6/50 kV and the 6/110 kV transformers, and the switchgear, is attached to the station. One 50 kV double-circuit line connects to Frankfurt a d. Oder, two 110 kV. double-circuit lines go to Fürstenwalde, thenoe to Berlin. 2110 kV.
double-circuit lines go to Guben, and one to Landsberg.

FINNENTROP (Westphalia)
51° 10' N. 8° E: 350 miles: (1,500)
Finnentrop is one of the nanysmall industrial towns situated along the valley of the river Leine between Hagen and Siegen. Apart from that mentioned below there are no factories of individual
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloys
Netter u. Jakobi
Finnentrop (3)
The Netter u. Jakobi Werke K.G. of Frankfort/^ain have a large sheet rolling mill in Finnentrop where 1,000 workers were employed in 1939.

FINSTERWALDE (Brandenburg)
51° 35' N. 13° 40' E: 595 miles: (17,000)
industrial establishments in addition to those mentioned below, such as
Finaterwalde, which is 25 miles west of Cottbus, has a number of
bicycles, cloth, furniture and soap factories. No one of these is of individual note.
Engineering and Armaments
ReicheItFinsterwalde (3)
The Reichelt Uetallschrauben A.G. are makers of screws, nuts, bolts, and machine tools. Between 1933 &nd 1939 they increased their nunber of workers fourfold and were anploying soma 2,000 at the outbreak of war.
KJellbergFinsterwalde(3)
The KJellberg Elektroden u. Maschinen G.m.b.H. are makers of arc-welding plants, dynamos and connector sets, as well as welding transformers and electrodes.

FLENSBURG (Schleswig-Holstein)
54° 43' N. 9° 25' E: 460 miles: (66,000)
Flensburg is at the inner end of a deep fjord of the Baltic and lies close to the German Danish frontier. It is on the main line between Germany and Denmark and is a Junction for two branch lines leading West to the North Sea coast and East along the Baltic coast to Kiel. It has a considerable industry including several small engineering works and foundries. Its principal importance is, however, due to the shipbuilding yards, now engaged largely on submarine construction.
Railway Junction
Flensburg(3)
The junctions of the branch lines are to the South of the town and there are marshalling yards close to the main railway station.
The chief goods yards are in the harbour area in the North East part of the town.
Public Utilities Services
Gas WorksFlensburg(3)
The Gaswerk Flensburg G. m. b. H made 280 million cubic feet of gas in 1936
Schiffsbau A. G.Flensburg(1)
The Flensburger Sohiffsbau JUG. formerly a comparatively small undertaking building river craft and coasting vessels, was
developed rapidly during the years 1934 to 1939 and the number of workers engaged increased ten-fold to approximately 2,300.
The company has two yards, the larger of which, known as the Neue Werft, ia on the West bank of the fjord and to the North of the town. This is reported to bo solely engaged on submarines and can undertake construction of 8 submarines at one time.
The Alte Werft, situated in the town and opposite to the port, employs some 800 worker and builds small freighters and •river craft.
Engineering and Armaments
Gebrüder KlausFlensburg(-)
Before the war this engineering inn, which has its own iron foundry, specialised in dairy machinery.

FORBACH (FORBACH)
48° 40' N. 08° 23' E: 425 miles: (2800)
The village of Portoh 27 miles S. of Karlsruhe, in the Black Forest, Is situated on the river Murg, a tributary of the Phi,. and on the railway line Karlsruhe-Raatatt-Freudenstadt. It is the oentre of the Forbaoh or Murg-Sohwarsenbaoh hydro scheme, described below 1
Publio Utility aerrioesi
Power StationsForbaoh(3)
The Forbaoh hydro-eleotrie power scheme is owned by the Badenwerk A.G.Karlsruhe and has a total installed capacity of 67 MV.
It oonsists of 2 stations, Murg (25 MV) and Sohwarsenbaoh (40 MV) and 2 small stations of 1 MV each.
The scheme uses the water power reserves of the Rivers Murg, Sohwarsenbaoh and Raiunsaoh in the Black Forest, approximately 30 miles 3. of Karlsruhe. Two reservoirs were created for daily storage and far supply of water to the 2 main stations which stand on sluice weirs built across the rivers and contain a total of 8 turbo generator sets. The small stations oontain one turbo generator set each.
The greater part of the output of the plant is transmitted over a 110 kV double circuit line to the Scheibenhardt sub-station at Karlsruhe, where connection is made to the main 110 kY. transmission system.
Small supplies are ,xven locally on a 20 kV line. Theoutput of the scheme is
about 120 million kVh. and it is used mainly for peak load and standby purposes.

FORST (Brandenburg)
51° 45' N. 14° 40' E: 635 miles: (38,000)
Situated 12 miles East of Cottbus on the main line from Cottbus to Silesis, Forst is s railway Junction of looal importance end has a considerable textile industry. There are also several firma making textile and laundry machinery.
Transportation/

PORST (Cont'd.)
T ranaportati on
Railway Repair ShopsPorst (3)
Thsse are ohiefly engaged on the repair of goods wagons.
Liquid Puela
Synthertio Petrol/Stomge DepotPorst(-)
Although a synthetic petrol faotory, with largely underground buildings, is reported to exist in the woods to the east of Porst, it would appear to be more likely that a fuel storage depot has been built here. The area is said to extend from the Forst-Somnerfeld road to the Porst-oagen railway line.
Textiles. Rayon. Pulp and Paper
Haensel 4 Co. A.G.Porst(-)
This is one of a largo number of spinning, weaving and doth making faotorios in Porst. Haensel 4 Co. specialised in weaving horsehair fabric before the war.
——
"FORTUNA" (Rhineland) see under Bergheim.

FRANKENBERG (Saxony)
50° 55' N. 13° E: 570 miles: (15,000)
This town, which is 6 miles N.E. of Chemnitz, has textile and tobacco industries, but no factories of Individual importance.

FRANKENTHAL (Palatinate)
49° 35' N. 8° 20' E: miles: (27,000)
Frankenthal, which isinthe BavarianPalatinate, is a largely
industrial town 5 sales N.W.ofLudwigshafenon the main railwayline
halfway between Ludwigshafenand Wonas. Itis 1. miles from theleft
bank of the Rhine, with which it is connected by a canal. Prankenthal is well known as a centre for the manufaoture of compressors, pi'?>a, turbines and other engineering products, and as the seat of one of the largest German beet-sugar refineries.
Engineering and Armaments.
BalckePrankenthal (3)
The Prankenthal works of the Maschinenbau A.G.
Slein
fc'
S
Balcke, of Bochum, specialise in the making of

pm®a and conpreasors.They are believed
Klein, Sohanzlin & Becker. A.G. Küirvle, Kopp and Kausch A.G.
and
Frankenthal (l)
to be inportant producers of submarine pumps. Prior to the war Balcke employed about 800 workers at their Prankenthal plant.
The KSB factory is a well known maker of pumps and compressors as well as of machinery for the ohemioal and teoctile industries. In 1939 the firm employed some 2,000 workers.
The KKK works are well known builders of turbines, industrial ventilators, air purification plant, evaporators and a variety of apparatus for the ohaaioal industry. In 1939 they employed more than 1,000 workers.
(•)
Both the KSB and KKK works have been enlarged since 1939, and are now believed to be working in olose association with eaoh other. It is possible that the nearby engineering works of Sohnellpressenfabrik Albert, whioh was largely inaotive prior to the war, haB been incorporated into this industrial ccnplex.
According to reliable ground intelligence, the KSB and KKK works together now onploy more than
Gusswerke A.G.
Wormseratr.
(-)
5,000workers and are partly, if not mainly, engaged on the manufacture of parts of new weapons or appliances for such weapons.
This company belongB to Brown Boveri A Co. of Mannheim and is believed to specialise in the production of steam oylinders.
Food Stuffs
Frankenthal (-)
Zuckerfabrik
The Frankenthal faotoiy of the Süddeutsche Zucker A.G. is one of the largest beet sugar refineries in Germany with an annual output of 160,000 tens.


FRANKFORT-ON-MAIN (Hesse Nassau)
50° 10' N. 8° 40' E: 395 miles: (570,000)
General
Tha area, ooverod hereunder 1 no Indes tha town of Frankfort/kein proper as veil as tha outlying suburbs HBchst, Griesheim, Hied, RAdelhaim, Heddernheim, Praunheim, Wochenheim, Mainlcur, Cher rad, and Niederrad, together cornering an area of 49,000 acres.
The nearby town of Off enhn nh/kain, lying within the borders at the province Hesse, is dealt with separately under Offenbach,
Frankfurt is the oomeroial, industrial and cultural metropolis of the Upper Rhineland, an important transport centre, and since 1933 also important as a military training centre with a large mnbar of new and extensive barracks situated around the Friedberger Warte in the suburb Praunheim to the North of the town.
CcniTri nations
Frankfort is an iaqportanl railway junction on the lines from Berlin to Basle, from Cologne via Nürnberg to Vienna, from Hamburg and Kassel and from Dresden and Leipzig to Frame and Switzerland, The river Main is sufficiently dredged to take heavy barge traffic several hundred miles up the river, thus eking Frankfort one of the leading inland {torts on the Rbeiiw Main^Oanube canal route.
Industry
The largest industrial plants in the area are the ohawrl oal works of I.O. Farbenindustrie at HBchst and Grleshein-on-Main some 5 miles west of the town. Within the built-up outskirts at Frankfort proper are the Adler Werke, important manufacturers of motor vehicles military transport, and imnedlately adjacent the large works of Alfred Teves which in pre-war days produced the well known ATE refrigerators and were also the leading maaxf&ofeirers in Germany of Loakhead brakes nfl piston rings. The Teves works have been enlarged considerably durirg the last four years and have replaced refrigerator production by the amwfaoture of retractable undercarriages for aircraft and a variety of other aircraft oaqpoaenta.
At Heddernheim, a North-3aatem suburb, la the i^>ortajrt non-ferrous metal works of the Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke formerly well known under the neme of Heddernheiaar Kupferwerke, To the war industry this plant is of particular importance as a prominent producer at air-screws.
 
Many other factories, the production of which is solely confined to the supply of Germany's war machine, are located within this town. Among these special war products are aircraft and motor-vehicle instruments, detonating apparatus for naval mines, precision measuring instruments, special electrical gear, including range finding apparatus for the Navy, small-arms-ammunition and so forth. Frankfort has also large grain stores, flour mills, power stations, and oil storage plants.
In addition to the huge ohesiioal plants at Griesheim and HBchst, more than twenty other chemical factories are located, within, or in the lamed i a to vicinity of the town. Frankfort is often referred to as the centre of Germany's chemical industry. This ia partly due to the fact that the I. G. , Germany's great ohemical trust, have their administrative headquarters here in the so-called I.G. Hochhaus. This is a very modern office building in the western section of the town where more than
3,000officials, are housed. In addition Frankfort is also the headquarters of the "Degussa" Chemical concern (Deutsche Gold A Silber 3oheideanstalt) another important chemical trust and of the Metallgesellsohaft A. G. , a large chemioal and non-ferrous metal concern.
Principal Industrial Areas
Mithin or immediately adjacent to the built-up area of the town are a number of industrial targets of primary importance situated in two distinctly separate areas
Area "A" - Stretching South from the Main Goods Yards to the River Main includes such important targets as the Adler Merke A.G. (vorm. Hch. Kleyer), building M. T. , A.F.V.'s and A.F.V. components, M.G. and small-arms components; Fritz Gerner, making oomponents for Messerschmitt fighters; Alfred Tevea making M. T. and a/o components, piston rings, brakes, propeller shafta, valves eto. , V. D. 0. Taohometer making a/o and AJ. T. instruments; Hartmann uni Braun making a/o and other instruments, gauges, etc. ; and a number of small engineering works, as well as Peters-Union (Continental) aiaking tyros and tubes and other rubber manufactures; as well as the three factories of I. A C.A. Sahneider, largest slipper manufacturers in Germany. Also within area "A” is an important 53 MW power station.
Area "B" - which stretches from the Marshalling Yard-Qst to
the river Main, lnoludes the East Harbour, Gaswerk-Ost; Messer A Go. , making welding machines; a petroleum receiving depot, flour mills and grain storage plants; and the large works of Voigt A Haffner A. G. making switchgear and special electrical equipment. Roughly i mile North-West of area "B" is the important plant of Naxos Union one of the leading German makers of grinding wheels.
Transportatl on
Railway Rapair ShopsNied(1)
These very large railway repair shops are believed to be enployed exclusively on the repair of locomotives. Reports suggest that seme -4, 000 - 51000 workers were employed in two ten-hour shifts in
1943.
Railway Repair ShopsFrankfort-West(2)
Reports suggest that this works, which is engaged on the repair of passenger ooaohes and goods wagons, was less active in 1943 than in 1941 when 2,000 workers were employed.
HauptgdterbahnhofFrankfort-West(2)
These railway goods yards are situated in the western part of the town adjacent to a large marshalling yard.
The area also includes the Reichsbahn customs house and a large number of storage depots with extensive facilities.
Railway Marshalling YardsFrankfort/Ost(3)
These yards are situated to the North of the East Harbour. In 1939 they had a oapaoity of 2,700 wagons per 24 hours.
East HarbourFrankfort/Ost(3)
The East Harbour was the larger aid best equipped of Frankfort's two inland ports. In 1939 the area included a gas works, grain silos, oil storage depots and many storage plants for general merchandise but it was mainly Used for the handling of the coal requirements of the town. During the past six months, many of the harbour installations and facilities have been destroyed by the R. A.F.
•
West HarbourFrankfort(3)
This part is mainly for the handling of grain, flour, other foodstuffs and general merchandise. The main facilities are the storage capacity of 100,000 tons.
-fest 
Ci'
Public Utility Services
Sttdtisches Elektrizitttswerk
This munioipal thermal power ia situated on the river Main in the Gutleut Strasse, to the 3. W. of the central district of Prankf ort/Ma in.
Built originally in 18%, it haa been auooesaively extended, but the plant is old and the oapaoity ia insufficient to,meet the requirements of the oity, so that a supplementary supply is Imported from the Preuasiaohe Elektrizitlta A. G. (Preag.) and the R.W.E. Its installed oapaoity ia 58 MW.
There are 35 kV. lines connected to the Osthafenplatz, Sohillerplatz and Bookenheim switching stations, arvi a further cable ooiineots to the Griesheim hydro station. There are 100 kV. double circuit lines which link the station via Wölfersheim to Borken, and to Dörnigheim, thus linking up via Dettingen and Ascha^enburg with the Bayernwerk grid and via Kelsterbach with the 220 kV. grid of the R.W.3.
Kelsterbach
Frankfort
5 miles 3.W. of Frankfort
(2)
(2)
This large sub-station is situated in wooded country, approximately 5 miles 3.W. of Frankfort. It is a focal point in the high-voltage transmission system, lines diverging northwards to feed into each end of the Ruhr Industrial area, and southward to oolleot surplus output fro the water-power stations on the river Rhine and in the mountainous districts of Bavaria and Austria.
The sub-3tation has two 380/220 kV. double-oirouit lines to Koblenz and Rheinau respectively, one 220 kV. line, believed to be a double-oirouit line, to Kreuztal, and four 110 kV. lines to Asohafferiburg, Erzhausen, Wölfersheim,and Höohet/kain. The plant has two 4-8 MW. transformers for 220/110 kV, 2 sets of three single-phase reaotors, and three Petersen coils.

Oil storage plantsFrankfort/Ost
A little upstream of the Fast Harbour is a large petroleum receiving depot consisting of 58 large tanks with a reported total capacity of over
200,000tons. Prior to the war this depot waa used Jointly by the various well-known distributing companies D.A.P.G., 3hell, Benzol Verband,
Rhenania Osgag etc.
Non-ferrous metals
Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke A.G. Heddernheim (Heddernheimer Kupferwerke)
This target is the airscrew, aircraft components and non-ferrous metal works of the Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke A.G. (V. D.M. ) (Heddernheimer Kupferwerke) situated about y mile North of Heddernheim, a suburb of Frankfort/
Main and about h miles North by West of the centre of that city.
It occupies a triangular area of about 600 acres on the West side of the marshy ground which here forms a broad belt to the West of the river Nidda.
This works has been considerably expanded in recent years, particularly since 1939, and the total number of workers employed is now thought to be not far short of 10,000.
/ Owing
The V.D.M. was originally engaged mainly in the production and fabrication of copper and copper alloys and produced sheets, strips, rods, sections, castings, stampings, extensions, tubes and wire in copper, bronze, brass, copper-nickel etc. These products included many specialities such as locomotive boiler tubes, condenser tubes, vessels for chemical plant, welding eleotrodes, bearing alloys, detonators etc. and also fine copper wire for use in electrical apparatus.
Owing to its greet sxperienoe in the working of non-ferrous metal a it was inevitable tha when the light elloy industry began to be developed V.D.M. shoun d play a leading pert in it.
Products
In addition to its production of copper and oopper-alloy Semiproducts Heddernheim is believed to be producing a large range of semi-products in light alleys for use by aircraft manufacturers and other armament manufacturers and an important range of specialized aircraft components. The semiproducts include sheet and strip, tubes, pressings and stampings, extruded sections, and castings. The special aircraft components are known to include airscrew hubs and all metal variable pitch airaorews, retractable undercarriages and oleo legs, wheels, shock-absorber devices and control gear. Examples of V.D.M. products in military equipment are also known, and the company ia almost oertainly also making light-metal fittings for submarines.
Capacity
An up-to-date estimate for the oapaoity of the Heddernheim works is difficult to produce, especially owing to the difficulty of estimating the extent to whioh copper^fabricating plant in this and other works has been turned over to working on light alloys.
It is known that Heddernheim had one of
the best rolling mills in Germany for
aluminium sheet and strip and produced
about 6,000 tons per year which was
about 10^ of tha country's total former output.
Heddernheim's capacity for the production of extruded sections is believed to have been about if, 000 tons per year or about 25/S of the total German oapaoity. At least 50$$ of the total output was required-by the aircraft industry. It is also (after I.G Bitterfeld) one of tire two most important producers of wrought magnesium -elloy products.
The output of ooiqplete airsorews at Heddernheim at the present time is believed to be slightly above 30$o of the total German production.
Won-ferrous metals (oontinued)
Deutsche Geld-' Silber Scheideaxis talt (eee under Chemicals)
Fechenheim(3)
Fechenheim and (3) Griesheim
Silumin G.m.b. H.
This firm is believed to enrolcy several hundred workers and to produce light metal castings.
Metallgesellschaft A. G.
This is the leading German non-ferrous metal trading concern.
It works in close co-operation with the I, G. Farbenindustrie chemical trust and the Deutsche Gold- und Silber- Scheidesnstalt.
The firm's headquarters are at the F.euterweg in Frankfort and oonsist of general administrative offices with a staff of about 800 and very extended laboratories.
Both the Griesheim and Mainkur factories are relatively small.
They are believed to be engaged on the manufacture of light metal oastings possibly only for experimental purposes.
Aircraft and aerc-engines
Alfred TeveaGustavsburg Str. (1)
and Höchster Str.
The Alfred Taves works has expanded rapidly since 1935 and already in 1939 employed more than 6,000 workers.
In the course of the war further extensions have taken place and it is believed that at the end of 1943 some 10,000 workers were employed.
Teweo is a key firm in the German aircraft, aero-engine, and motor-vehicle industry. It is the leading German maker of valves, piston pins, and piston rings for aero- and M.T.-engines, one of the leading makers of pressure and oil pumps, brakes,
/ retractable
Cl

Alrcraft and aero-cngines i^contd. )
retractable undercarriages for aircraft, crankshafts, radiators, propeller ah&fts, universal Joints, master cylinders for hydraulio actuating devices, piston rings for submarines and a variety of other components for the aircraft and motor transport industries.

Prior to the war Teves was alsoIttaa
well known as a maker of
refrigerators whioh were soldJtf
under the trade name "ATE". GroundJOO
reports suggest that, apart from agri
few small contracts oarried out in
the early part of the war, activity in this lineteuer
has oeaaed.
5a
Vereinigte Deutsche lietallwerkeHeddernheimoj
(Please see under Non-ferrous metale)^
W.
Max Gemera) S. of Rebstock(2)w
aerodrome^
b j Gutleutstr.(2)
Prior to the war this firm was engaged on the construction of gliders and operated a small plant off the Leipziger 3tr. Sinoe 1939 the firm has greatly developed and now operates a very large works in the Gutlent Str. and another works (also reported to be owned by Alfred Teves) Just south of the Rebstook aerodrome. Gemer is now an important link in the Messersohmitt con^lex and supplies aircraft and aero-engine components to Messersohmitt at Regensburg and Brla at Leipzig. It is believed that the Gemer works now enqploy more than 5.000 workers.

Engineering; and Armaments
Nationale Telephon- unda) 134^140
Telegraphemerke G.m.b.H.Hainzerlandstr. (2)
b) Kleysr Str.
The products of this works are telephone e<jiiptaent, automatic and manual exchange^, signalling devices, air raid sirens, safety alarms, safety fuses, electrio and factory time clocks, etc. It is believed that in 1942 some 2,500 workers were employed.
Diskus -Werke A.G.Frankfurt(3)
Before the war this firm employed about 300 workers on the manufacture of precision grinding machines.
Messer & Co. G.m.b.H.Hanauer Land3tr.(2)
This is the leading German maker of acetylene and electric welding plants, cutting machines, and oxygen and nitrogen producing plants.
Prior to the war Messer employed about 600 workers. Reports suggest that this number had been doubled by 1942.
Frankfurter Maschinenbau A.G.Bockenheim(2)
(vormals pokorry and Wittekind)'
This is one of the leading German makers of pneumatic tools of all kinds and is also an infcortant builder of heavy machine tools. In 1939 nearly 1 ,000 workers were eeployed.
IurgiSeckbach(2)
This firm consists of three associated undertakings known as Iurgi Gesellschaft für Wärmetechnik, Lurgi Gesellschaft fttr Chemie and Hüttenwesen, and Lurgi Apparatebau Gesellschaft. These firms are also affiliated o expand es of the Metallgesellsohaft (see tinier Non-Ferrous Metals). They are mainly construction and designing engineers but operate three adjacent factories at Seckbach where Soederberg electrodes, special plant for the chemical and processing industries, gas purification plant eto. are made. Research and development laboratories are at Wauson Str. and Gervinus Str.
lÄagFrarikfort/Ost(3)
This is a branch factory of the llihleribau aid Industrie A.G. at Brunswick. The Frankfort works of .Hag is believed to be solely engaged on the manufacture of Diesel engined tractors, the engines being supplied from the Motoren \7 erke at Mannheim.
A. Fischer A.G.Oberrad(2)
This is one of the leading German makers of carburettors for aero-engines, motor transport and motor cycles.
Heinz WaernerFcohenheim(3)
Prior to the war this firm specialised in the manufacture cf screws, look ruts, and a variety of minor components for the automobile industry.
It i3 reported to be now supplying material to the Gerner aircraft components works.
Adler-T.'erkeKleyer Str.(1)
The Adi er-Werke (vormals Heinrich Kleyer) consists of a group of three factories (Werfe I,
II and III) situated closely together and forming one single target area. It is believed that the production programme of this large plant from the end of 1940 until about the end of 1942 was:- construction and repair of semi-tracked motor vehicles, repairs of tanks, production of engines, production of cocponents, production of torpedo motors, repair of motor transport, mamfaoture of typewriters and bicycle.
Ground reports suggest that the assembly of armoured fighting vehicles and tanks as well as the manufacture of aircraft components were among the firms activities as from the end of 1942 on, but it is believed that, apart from the possible assanbly of armoured fighting vehicles, the new activities are more likely to consist of repair work rather than manufacture,
V.D.O. TachometerKftnig Str.(2)
This firm is believed to employ more than 1 ,000 workers on the manufacture and assembly of instruments for motor vehicles and aircraft. V.D.O. is the leading German maker of speedometers.


Maschinenfabrik vormal a Ph. Mayfarth & Co. G.m.b.H./
j
Maschinenfabrik vormals Ph. Koyfartli & Co, G.m.b.H
Fechenheim (3)
Prior to the war tnis finn was engaged on the manufacture of drilling machines, presses, agricultural machinery and cranes eto. Some 400 wore then employed.
Reportb suggest that nearly 800 workers wore employed in 1943 and that a large part of the. works had been converted to undertake repair of military transport including A.F.V's.
Bauersohe GiessereiMoltke Alice (3)
This is one of th^ leading German type foundries employing some 600 workers in 1939.
It is believed that a large part of the works is now engaged on the manufacture of small arms components and S. A.A.
D. Stempel A.G.Heddeiich Str. (3)
In 1939 this was the largest German type foundry and it employed about 1,000 workers.
Already prior to the war the manufacture of S.A.A. and small arms components was taken up and minor aircraft components were made on behalf of the Fieseler aircraft works at Kassel. No firm evidence is available regarding the firm's war time activities.
Voigt & HUffher A.G.Hanauerland Str. (3)
It is believed that this finn employed a proximately '2,500 workers in 1943 on the manufacture of range-finders, special electrical gear and switch gear for the forces and a wide range of electrical apparatus and appliances. The works was recently severely damaged by the R.A.F.
Harttaanji & Braun A.G.König Str. (3)
This is an important maker of precision apparatus and instruments including firing apparatus for mines, range finders, aircraft navigation instruments, oil and temperature gauges for all purposes, etc.
The works is believed to employ about 2,000 workers.
Loroh, Schmidt <4 Oo.Hanauerld. Str. (3)
Seme 500 woxkers are believed to be employed by this firm on the manufacture of precision machine tools and gauges.
Fellner & ZieglerKreuanaoher Str. (3)
This firm specialises in the manufacture and ereotion of boilers, rotary furnaces as well as plant and fittings for cement and aluminium works.
Gd'ther & KleinmondRödelheim(3)
/J.S. Fries Sohn.
ln 193Ö some 500 workers ./ere employed by this firm on the manufacture of machine tools.
Eli
J. S. Pries Sohn
Pries Str.
(3)
koenus A.G.
Bockenheim (3)
fcjit
This firm is believed to employ about 4-50 workers, nainly on the manufacture of shoe machinery.
Merz Werke A.G.
Rödelheim
(3)
xtr:
This is a well known firm of builders and erectors of cranes, elevators, bridges, and heating and sanitary installations.
(3)
Naxos Union
Prior to the war this firm employed aoout 500 workers on the manufacture of typewriters and other office mac.iineiy.
Its present activities are not known.
Deutsche Vereinigte Schuhmarchinen -Rödelheim
Ges. m.b;H.
This .jnerican owned company is by far the largest shoe machinery works in Germany.
Prior to the war some 850 workers were employed. Reports suggest that large parts of this factory are now engaged on the manufacture of shell casings.
Y/aldscbmidt Str. (l) (and others)

Fontaine & Co'.
Bockenheim
(3)
This firm is associated with the Naxos Union but operates as an independent company.
It is engaged on the manufacture of grinding wheels.


Chemicals and Rrploslvea. Hiag-V er ein.
Main kur
The Hiag-Verein, Holzverkohlungs-Industrie G.m.b.H. are a branch of the Deutsche Gold-und
/Silber

This comjiany operates four factories in the Frankfort area. The main works is at Waldschmidt Strasse/Wittelsbacher Allee and consists of two factories separated by a main road. One of these factories is exclusively engaged on the manufacture of grinding wheels whilst the other and larger works is partly engaged on components for grinding machines and other machines tools which are supplied to the firms branch factory at Seckbach for assembly. A further branch factory of Naxos Union i3 the firm Burkhard & Co. at Rödelheim, makers of small grinding wheels as well as grinding and polishing tools and appliances. It is believed that the Naxoa Union group of factories together employ sane 1,500 workers.
Ixag-Y are in (Contd.)
Silber Scheideaustalt. The Mainkur works is engaged on the production of solvents, aldehydes, ketones and the distillation of wood.
Merz & Co,..ckenheimerld. Str. (3)
This film is believed to employ several hundred workers on the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.
Limner & Co.Niederrad(3)
The Vereinigte Chininfabriken Lismer & Co.
G.m.b.H. are one of the leading German quinine refiners.

Deutsche Gold & Silberaeissfrauen Str.
Soheideanstalt.b) Yfesthafen
This very important chemical and non-ferrous metal firm has a number of large works in different parts of Germany. Their Frankfort works are relatively small but important because they include the firm1 principal research laboratories.
The eissfrauen Str. works includes the firms administrative offices, where in 1939 some 1,200 persona were employed, as well as chemical laboratories and a small production plant.
The Westhafen plant is fairly large and is mainly engaged on the separation and treatment of precious metals. It includes extensive laboratories.
Dr. C. Schleussner A.G.Zsohersheimerld. Str. (3)
and Neu-Isenburg.
This firm is believed to employ some 600 workers on the manufacture of photographic film, plates, and paper.
I.G. Farbenindustrie A.G.Mainkur(2)
These very large works were formerly known as Leopold Cassella, Mainkur. They are important producers of sulphuric acid and dyestuffs as well as of arsenicals and synthetic res.ns.
The dyestuffs produoed here are mainly supplied to dyers of artificial fibres.
I.G, Farbenindustrie A.G.Griesheim(2)
These large woiks were formerly known as the Griesheim Elektron. They are mainly engaged on the production of sulphuric acid, nltrlo acid, fertilizers, caustic soda and chlorine, cyanamide, and industrial gases.
/I.G. Farbeninduat rle
This is one of the principal works of the I.G. trust.
The products known to be produced are heavy chemicals (sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acids, chlorine and fertilisers), intermediates, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, solvents, plastics, Chlorsulphurio aoid (used for smoke screens)j oapaoities of this plant as per 1943 a1"® estimated as follows: -
•Tons per annum
Sulphuric acid300,000
Nitric acid120,000
Chlorine25,000
It has been frequently reported that poison gas and other chemical warfare substances are made here but this has not as yet been definitely ascertained.
Textiles
Deutsche Kleider WerkeBismark Allee
It is believed vnat seme 1,200 workers are employed at this largo Government owned factory on the manufacture of military clothing particularly or. garments for the German Air Force.
Rubber and Tyres.
Continental GumniwerkMainzerld. Str.
This large rubber fabricating plant was formerly known as the Peters Union Gunmiwerke. It now forms part of the Continental combine which has its headquarters and main works at Hanover.
The Frankfort works are believed to employ sane 1,500 workers on the manufacture of tyres and tubes for motor transport and on other rubber goods.
Leather
I. & C. A. SchneiderMainzerid. Str.
I. & C.A. Scimeider together with their affiliated factories Adler & Neumann and Golo Schuhfabrik, all of which are situated within a few hundred yards of each other, are the leading German manufacturers of slippers, industrial footwear and special footwear for the forces. Together they are believed to employ several thousand workers.
Foodstuffs
GrossmarkthalleOsthafen
The basement and sub-basement of this, the largest market-hall in South-West Germany contain a series of very extensive cold storage depots far in exces3of the towns requirenents. Reports suggest that large emergency stores are held here on behalf of the Reichswehr.
Hafennühl!Osthafen
In 1939 these mills had a capacity for milling 600 tons of grain per day.
Adjacent to the mills are two silos, each with a storage capacity of 5,000 tons.
HafenspeicherWesthafen
In 1939 this grain and flour storage depot had a capaoity of 20,000 tons.

FRANKFORT-ODER (Brandenburg)
30° 20' N. 14° 30' E: 630 miles: (86,000)
? i teas: aloeoi J. aprt
Marshalling Yards
Prankfort/Oder is on the main line from Berlin to Posen' Subsidiary railway lines of some importance from Stralsund and Stettin to the N. and from Silesia and Saxony to the S. f>ass through the town. The river Oder is navigable at this point. The industries of Prankfort/Oder are of minor importance.
Frankfort/ (3) Oder
The marshalling yards at Prankfort/Oder have a oapaoity to handle 2,700 wagons per 24 hours.
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper.
GreiffGoepelstr. 22(-)
The Greiff Werke A.G. are dyers and alothing manufacturers. Their works at Frankfurt a. &.
Oder are a branch faotory, the main works of this firm being in Greiffenberg in Silesia.
Foodstuffs
Koehlmann Werke A.G.Kflstrinerstr. (-)
This conoem specialises in the processing of potatoes to yield starch, potato flour, dextrose, and other produota. They are a leading firm in thiB branch and have several factories in N. E. Germany of whioh those at Prankfort/Oder and Sohneidemflhl are the largest.

FRECHEN (Rhineland)
50° 55' N. 6° 50' E: 305 miles: (16,000)
Situated 10 km West of Cologne, Frechen is the centre of a considerable briquetting industry, utilising the large brown coal deposits close to the town. There are no other industries of importance.
Solid Fuels
Brown-coal Mines and
Briquette Works.Frechen(3)
There are a number of these undertakings mining and briquetting the brown coal in the neighbourhood of Frechen. They belpng to the I.G. Farbenindustrie A.G., Rheinische A.G. für Braunkohle, and others. In 1937 3j million tons of brown coal ard 1 million tons of briquettes were produced by these undertakings.

FREIBERG (Saxony)
50° 55' N. 30° 20' E: 585 miles: (38,000)
Freiberg is 30 miles East of Chemnitz on the main line to Dresden and was formerly the centre of a lead and silver mining area now no longer worked.
Ron-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
BleiindustrieBranderstr.(-)
The Bleiindustrie A.G. Vorm. Jung u. Lindig are manufacturers of lead piping and other lead products as well as of apparatus for the chemical industry.
Arthur MeissnerFreiberg(-)
This firm specialises in weighing machines and measuring instruments.
Leathsr
Moritz StecherFreiberg(-)
Maker of sole and belting leather.

FREIBURG (Baden)
48° N. 7° 50' E: 430 miles: (119,000)
/Transportation
Freiburg is on the main railway line leading to Basle &ni i8 a Junction for two important branch lines leading West “wws the Rhine at Breisach into France and East through the Black forest (HBllental), to Donaueachingen and Bavaria. There are various small industrial firms but only those mentioned below are individual importance.
The branch lines diverge fron the main track inside the town area. There are marshalling yards on the South West outskirts near to the Hauptbahnhof and at the goods station close to the Industriegebiet North West of the town. There are also repair shops dealing with both goods and passenger wagons.
Publio Utility Services Gas Works
This municipal gas works made 376
Freiburg (3)
million cubic feet of gas in 1936.

Transportat-on
Railway Junction
Freiburg (2)
This firm of instrument makers which employed some 500 workers in 1940,
is reported to be making radiolocation apparatus.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper.
Acetate A.G.

The Deutsche Acetate Kunstseiden A.G. "Rhodiaseta" in the Industriegebiet at the North West corner of the town is a large rayon factory which employed some 2,000 workers in 1939' It is reported to be making artificial silk suitable for parachutes. The total annual rayon capacity of this plant is believed to bo 3,300 tons continuous filament and 1,400 tons of staple fibre.

Mez A.G,

Prior to the war the Mez A.G. were makers of sewing silks and cottons, end

employed 1,000 workers. They were owned by the Coats concern. Their factory is in the South East corner of the town. Ground reports suggest that the factory is now inactive.

Engineering and Armaments Heilige & Co.

FREISING (Bavaria)
48° 25' N. 11° 45' E: 570 miles: (18,000)

Situated 20 miles North of Munich on the railway line to Landshut and Regensburg, Freising has a small textile industry and an engineering works which normally specialised in brewing machinery and apparatus. There are no factories of importance .

FRIEDBERG (Hesse)
50° 20' N. 8° 40' E: 390 miles: (11,000)

Friedberg is 13 miles North of Frankfort/llain on thejjtjurt:
railway from Frankfort/dain to Giessen. It is the Junction
for three minor branch railways and is an agricultural marketmat to
centre. The well-known health resort Bad Mauheim is 3 miles
North of Friedberg. Apart from the manufacture of photographic
paper by the factory mentionedbelow, theindustriesare not,u
on a large scale. They include a varnish factory, a sugar
refinery, and several small engineering works.

Transportationrf
Railway Repair ShopsFriedberg(3)
These are small repair shops undertaking.
the repair of goods wagons.
Chemicals and Explosivesj
Trapp A MünchFriedberg(3)I
The Trapp und Münch A. G. are important makers of sensitised paper of all kinds for photographic use. This company was acquired in 1932 by the
Mimosa A.G of Dresden, manufacturershfcli'
of similar products.

FRIEDRICHFELD (Baden)
49° 30' N. 8° 30' E: 400 miles: (4,000)
Friedrichsfeld is situated halfway between Mannheim and Heidelberg. Its only industry is the very large earthenwara manufacturing concern mentioned below.
Engineering and Armaments
SteinzeugwarenfabrikFriedrichsfeld (3)
The Deut sehe Steinzeugwarenfabrik für Kanalisation u. Chemische Iralustrie is believed to be one of the largest German concerns making earthenware drain pipes and stone-ware. Thg works occupy a large area and before the war employed several thousand workera. The supply of stone—ware containers and apparatus to the chemical industry is an important part of this firm's activities.

FRIEDRICHSHAFEN (Wurttemberg)
47° 40' N. 9° 30' E: 510 miles: (25,000)
Friedrichshafen ia on the f.jrthern shore of Lake Conatanoa at tha Junction of the railway linen from Lindau and from TJlm rhioh run together oeatwarda fro Friedriohahafan to Baale. It is a railway outre of sons importance.
Industrially Friedrichshafen is probably the nost important town of its sise in Germany. It is the seat of four very large engineering works; the Dornier Werke G' m. b. H. , Maybach Motorenbau kaKH., Luftschiffbau Zeppelin G.m.b. H. , and the Zahnradfabrik Priedriehahafen A. G. These are situated at, or in the ivnediate vioinity of Friadriohanafan proper and are supplemented by a number of small engineering plants scattered throughout the area.
Transportation
Goods StationFriedriohahafen (3)
Thars are goods yards and sidings adjacent to the railway station which are of importer') in view of the large amount of traffio centred on the Friedriahshafen works. There is also a railway repair shop where the maintenance of lmotlves aa well as wagons ia carried out.
Public Utility Sarvioss
Gaa WorksFriedriohshafen (3)
Although these works sold only 108 million oubio feet of gas in 1936 they probably produce muoh more gas now, since the looal induatriee are likely to be large oonsumers.
Aircraft and aero-engines
Dornier Werke G' m. b. H.Loewenthal andl /o\
Allmansweiler )
The Allmansweiler-IjBwenthal plant has been devoted to final assembly, special installations, tests, and possibly repairs of Do. 217.
In August 1943, according to a well-informed source, this unit was the centre for the development of specialised Dornier types such as the Do. 217M, equipped with DB. 603 engines, and a high altitude reconnaissance type. At that time it was assembling 20 Do. 217s per month. Sinoe then all
/ evidenca

FRIEDRICHSHAFEN (continued)
evidence points to decreased activity mi reoent cover of the field shows only 20 to 25 aircraft, including a number of modified types and experimental models. It is doubtful if new Do. 217s are being produced here at present, though repairs and the installation of special equipment may be continuing on a small scale.
Interest in this plant as a target derives mainly from (1) reports that the Dornier organization and this unit in particular are tooling up for produotion of F.W. 190s, (2) reports that oertain Dornier plants in the Friedriohshafen area are engaged in produotion of the Peenemflnde 20, and (3) the possibility that this plant may resume produotion of Do.217 fighters in an effort to make up losses in twin-engine fighters resulting from reoent attacks on German aircraft factories and operating attrition of the GAF.
Dornier Werke G.m.b. H.Manzell
(2)
This plant is the parent works of the Dornier oonplex at Friedriohshafen. A year ago it was engaged in experimentation and development of new Dornier types, the produotion of Do 217 components for assembly at Allmansweiler/lyBwenthal, and possibly some seaplane development and assembly.
The nature and scale of the plant's activities at present oan only be inferred-from the accumulation of existing ground reports. This intelligence ia sunmarized below:
i)There is no evidenoe that seaplanes are being assembled, though the plant probably serves as a seaplane base and may continue to do experimental work on Dornier seaplanes.
ii)Manufacture of Do 217 components may be continuing on a reduoed scale.
The total output of Do 217s in all three ooa^lexes is not believed at present to exceed 20 per month.
/ (iü)
iii)With other plants in the
Friedriohshafen district, Corner at Manzell may contribute in some way to the production of pilotless aircraft. Intelligence . is not conclusive on this point but points strongly to some type of involvement.
iv)This plant may be tooling up for
the manufacture of FW 190 components since it is reported that Dornier is to undertake produotion of this aircraft and Friedrichshafen nas been specifically mentioned.
Engineering and Armaments
Maybach Motorenbau G.m-b.H.Friedriohshafen (1)
While the Maybach plant has been variously reported producing ball bearings, aeroengines, gears, gear boxes, and a multiplicity of other articles, its primary importance lies in the tank-engine field. Virtually all German tank engines are Maybach designed and available evidence renders it probable that upward of 60 per cent, of all German tank engines pass through the Friedrichshafen works. Tha plant also produces about one third of Germany's engines for semi-tracked vehioles.
Engine repair facilities of considerable size and importance are also contained within the Friedrichshafen plant.
Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen A.G.Friedriohshafen (1)
Ground reports and other sources of intelligence Justify classifying the Zahnradfabrik Friedriohshafen as Germany's leading gear and gear-box makers. The relative importance of the firm's several plants is difficult to assess but it may be safely said that the Friedriohshafen branch is one of the leading German gear makers, making its greatest contribution to the A. F. V. field, but being important also in the manufacture of aircraft reduction gear, truck steering gears, eto.

FÜRSTENHAGEN (Hesse Nassau)
51° 13' N. 9° 42' E: 415 miles: (1,500)
Fürstenhagen lies a few miles south of Kassel in s wooded area and prior to the war it was of no industrial importance at all.
Sinoe 1939 a very large unidentified works has been erected here and the large number of workers employed on its construction and on production within the completed parts of the works, are housed in groups of hutments in the Fflrstenhagen area, thus increasing its population to probably more than 5,000.
Chemicals and Explosives
Unidentified factory possibly making explosives (2)

No ground information about this plant has been obtained. Its existence was detected by photograph reconnaissance.
The factory is very large, and its layout is not typical of any known explosives plant. The size, construction and mounding of the buildings suggests very strongly that it is associated with the manufacture of a sensitive high explosive, and there is certainly nothing which can be associated with the manufacture of a solid propellant explosive or with the manufacture of propellant powder.

FÜRSTENWALDE (Brandenburg)
50° 20' N. 14° 5' E: 610 miles: (28,000)
Fürstenwalde is on the River Spree halfway between Berlin and Frankfort/Oder. The Spree is connected by canal with the Oder and PUrstenwalde is well situated for inland water transport. The town has had in recent years a considerable industrial development, and the torpedo works of the Julius Pintsoh concern have given it additional importance sinoe the outbreak of war. The chief industrial plants are mentioned below, including those at Ketschendorf, a settlement whioh lies one mile to the South East.
/iron, Steel and Ferro Alloye
- 25K
Ketschendorf (3)
Iron., Steel and Ferro Alloys Hamnerhfitte
u tec K M itl puts i a itthijea, i j,KC,
(2)
It is reported that a small iron awl steel works known as the Eisen & Stahlwerke Hamnerhfitte has reoently been considerably enlarged and is produoir^ A.A. shells. The plant includes a Bessemer convertor. Same i'00 workers were employed here in 1939.
Non-gerrous Metal Manufacture and fabrication
Chemische Fabrik ISarienhütte
Fürstenwalde (-)
The Chemische Fabrik ISarienhütte G-.m.b.H, specialise in the manufacture of lithopone and zinc paints. They belong to the I.G, Farbenindustrie chemical combine.
Engineering and Armaments Julius Pintsoh
Fürstenwalde (1 )
The Julius Pint sell K.G-. of Berlin have established what are now the largest works of this concern in Fürstenwalde, to the North of the town and on the Northern side of the Berlin-Frankfort/Oder railway. This works has been considerably enlarged in the course of the war aikl further extensions are under construction. It is reliably reported that the works include foundries, turning 3hqps and testing sections, and undertake the marufacture and assembly of complete torpedoes. The torpedo engines are supplied from other factories, and the torpedoes are fully assembled at Fürstenwalde and despatched mainly to Kiel for filling. There is a section devoted to the manufacture of mine casings and another engaged on the manufacture of aerial torpedoes, A separate steel-plate cutting and welding section is belierved to make complete oil tanks for fitting to railway wagons, and intelligence reports suggest that this section also prepares steel plates for U-boats. It is belierved that in addition to the aforementioned armaments a fairly wide range of electrical and general engineering products are made at this works whioh has its own machine-tool fitting shop where alone some 250 workers are employed. The total number of workers enployed by Julius Pintsch at Fttrstexsralde is belierved to be approximately 7,000.
Kabelwerke/
Kabelwerke
Ketsofaendorf (2)

The Deutsche Kabelwerke A.G. belongs to the
Kabelwerke Rheydt A.G. Their works at Ketsohendorf are large-scale oable works equipped to produce
lirwH rrimij oopper , and lead oables of all ki nda
from telephone wire to high-tension overhead cablet. Ketschendorf is one mile South East of Fürstenwalde.
lint
Rubber and Tyres
Schumann
Ketsohendorf(3)
The Berlin Rixdorfer Gunndwarenfabrik Hans Schumann produced light rubber goods for surgical and technical requirements in ] 939. It has been reported that during the last few years this firm has been turned over to the production of tyre-repairing materials, rubber hose and belting.
Chemicals and Explosives
Dr. B. HeckerFürstenealde (3)
The Chemische Werke Fttrstenwalde Dr. B. Heaker and W. Zeidler G.m.b.H. are makers of pharmaceuticals.
They are also important producers of solvents,
particularly turpentines, ethers, and alcohols, also, '
of aldehydes, especially formaldehyde. Ketones,
particularly acetone, are also produced. The actual
capacity of the firm in any of these products is
not available.
Chemische Fabrik vorm, Gebrüder Dollfua Fürstenwalde (-)<
This firm are also producers of solwents. Their manufacture of ketones, particularly acetone, is important but the amount produced is not ascertainable.

FÜRTH (Bavaria)
49° 30' N. 11° 5' E: 510 miles: (81,000)
Fürth is 5 miles W. of the centre of Nürnberg with which tom it is closely associated. Two main railway lines ooning from the H. and W. through Würzburg and Bamberg respectively converge at Fürth before entering Nürzberg. There are two airfi ?lda, the larger of which ia roughly two miles N.N.W. of the teem and the seoond, where an important aircraft factory i3 situated, i o 1 mile W. of the ton'
The most important of Berth's present -iustries is the airoraft factory mentioned belcer, but the town c : 'Aina a great umber of factories, mostly of small individual :_ze, with a big range of products. Glass mirrors are one of Furth'8 mein specialities. Tbs Bayerische Spiegelglasfabriken A.G. is the largest of several aoah mirror mecmzfacturers. Toys, spectacles, and furniture are made by a great limber of fine®. The gold-beatizg, bronze paint, and. metal-foil industries have many factories in Fürth a_rkL there are 5 large-scale breweries which, in peace tine, did a big export trade.
Publio Utility Servioea/

GAGGENAU (Baden)
48° 50' N. 8° 20' E: 420 miles: (8,000)
Gaggenau is 6 miles South East of Hastatt with which it is connected by a branch line. Its importance is due to the presence here of the Daimler-Benz heavy motor vehicle works. The ocher industries, mostly engineering firms, are not individually noteworthy.
 ngincering and Armaments
Daimler-Benz A.G.Gaggenau(2,
This establishment of the Daimler-Benz concern specialised in peace time in the construction of heavy Diesel and motor lorries, omnibuses, fire engines, and ambulances. They en^loyed 5>000 workers in 1936. These works can undertake the construction cf the heaviest types of motor vehicles and are of considerable importance.
They also build high-speed fire engines; it is believed that the fire-engine department has been enlarged since the associated works of Carl Uletz at Karlsruhe was severely damaged by the R.a.F. in 1943.
Gottfried LindnerGaggenau(3y
The Gaggenau branch factory of the Gottfried Lindner A.G. of Ammendorf is a repair works for wagons, trailers, and other heavy motor transport built by this concern.

GARMISCH (Bavaria)
47° 30' N. 11° 5' E: 575 miles: (18,000)
Garmisch, with the adjacent town of Partenkirchen, is well-known as an Alpine health resort. There are no industries of importance.

GEISLINGEN (Wurttemberg)
48° 35' N. 9° 50' E: 485 miles: (16,000)
small industrial town on the main line from Stuttgart to Ulm. In addition to those mentioned below there are a few smaller engineering works and makers of machine tools. Geislingen is also in the area of the Württemberg iron ore deposits, which are referred to below under Iron and Steel.
Iron and Steel
Gutehoffnungshütte Oberhausen A.G.
Altenstadt
(-)
Iron and Steel
Gutehaffnungshütte Oberhausen A.G.Altenstadt(-)
This concern operates the "Karl" iron-ore mine at Altenstadt 3 miles west of Geislingen.
There are no details of the amount produced or the number of workmen employed.
Engineering and Aruaments
Süddeutsches PräzisionswerkGeislingen(-)
This firm make small tools particularly precision tools for the manufacture and Testing of threads.
MetallwarenfabrikGeislingen(2,
Prior to the war the Wurttembergische Metallwarenfabrik manufactured household cutlery, kitchen utensils and a very wide range of fancy metal goods. The factory closed down several sections in 1939 but is now reported to be making components for small arms and precision instruments and to be enqploying approximately 1,000 workers.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Baumwoll IndustrieKuchen(3)
This is the largest of the five factories owned by the Süddeutsche Baumwoll Industrie A.G. and contains 40,000 spindles and 550 weaving stools. Kuchen is approximately 2 miles to the North West of Geislingen.

GEISWEID (Westphalia)
50° 55' N. 8° E: 360 miles: (15,000)
Geisweid is 3 miles N rth of Siegen on the railway line leading ia the valleu of the Lenne to Hagen. It is one of a group of small adjoining settlements at the southern end of the chain of metal industries situated along the Lenne valley. The population figure shown above is an approximate total far Geisweid together 'ith Weidenau which lies between Geisweid and Piegen.

GELSENKIRCHEN (Westphalia)
51° 33' N. 7° 6' E: 310 miles: (333,000)
The region covered - the town of Gelsenkirohen including Buer -is in the administrative area of Essen and lies 7 miles North-East of that City on the Southern bank of the Rhine-Herne Canal. It extends North of the centre of the Ruhr and is approximately 9 miles in length and about 4 miles wide. The in^ortance of Gelsenkirchen lies chiefly in its large hydrogenation plants end its coking industry.
Other industries include the manufacture of iron and steel goods and sulphuric acid. The most important firms are given below.
Transportation
Twin locksRhine-Herne Canal
(3)
The 4th set of twin locks on the Rhine-Herne Canal are situated 3 miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station.
Marshalling yardsSchalke(3i
The yards are situated li miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station. The oapacity of these yards is 2,200 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling yardsGelsenkirchen (3)
These yards extend about 1 mile in length and lie iasnedlately West of the main station. They have a capacity of 2,0C0 wagons per 24 hours.
Public Utility Services
Scholven power stationNorth of Buer (l)
Owned by the Bergwerke A.G., Hibernia, the power station is situated adjoining the Scholven coke-oven plant (aee under "Solid Fuels") North of the railway, 7y miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station. The atation has an installed oapacity of 100 MW, and is interconnected with other stations owned by the same cca^any, of which Bermannagluck (14 MW) and Wilhelmine Victoria (46 KW) are the most important. The total installed generating oapacity of this group of stations la about 200 MW. The group partly supplies the synthetic—oil plant (see under "Liquid Fuels") and the aynthetic-ammonia plant (aee under "Chemicals").
The electrical requirements of the oil plant are estimated at a maximum demand of 150 MW and an annual consultation of 1,100 million Kwh. It is believed that these interconnected stations are linked up to the main tra nsmia si on system at Buer substation, whence one 110 kV double circuit lio® connects to Recklinghausen and another to Herverst Dorsten.
Nordstern power station
Horst
(1)
Seester
Owned by Gelsenberg Benzin A.G., it is a subsidiary of Bergwerks A.G. Hibernia.
The power station is situated to the North of the synthetic-oil plant complex, 4 miles North V/est of Gelsenkirchen main station on the North bank of the Emscher Canal. The capacity of the works is estimated at 150 MW. There is no information as to any connection between the station and the grid.
(See also under "Liquid Fuels"^>

Graf Bismarck power stationNorth
Gelsenkirchen (3)
This power station is situated 2? miles North North West of Gelsenkirchen main station at the Graf Bismarck colliery and is owned by Deutsche-Erdöl A.G. The installed capacity is estimated at 23 MW.
Consolidation power stationSchalke(3)
Owned by Mannesmannröhren-Werk A.G., the power station is situated at Consoliuation 1/6 pit, about lj miles North iiest of Gelsenkirchen station. The installed capacity is estimated at 3t MW.
Schalker Verein power stationGelsenkirchen(3)
Owned by Deutsche Eisenwerke A.G. (a subsidiary of Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G.), the power station is situated within the steelworks complex. It is believed to have an installed capacity of 33 MW.
Municipal GasworksGelsenkirchen(3;
The gas works are located 2 miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station and Just North of Consolidation Pit 1/6. In 1936 the works bought and sold 800 million cubic feet of gas.
Both the Gelsenkirchen and Buer gasworks( men tinned below) draw gas from the Geiserkirchen Bergwerks A.G. and the Ruhrgas A.G.
A further gasworks in this area ia one owned by the R.W.E. at Gelsenkirchen-Ratthausen which buys from the Gelsenkirchen Bergwerks A.G.
No figures relating to its activity are available.
Municipal GasworksBuer(3)
These gasworks are situated 5 miles North .test of Gelsenkirchen, Just East of Hugo R.mine.
Solid Fuels
Nordstern coking plant
North West of Gelsenkirchen (2)
This ia the largest coking plant in Germany and is owned by the Gelsenkirchen Bergwerks A.G. It is situated 32 miles West North West of Gelsenkirchen main station and has 192 ovens having an estimated annual dry ooal capacity of 2,096,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhrgas grid.
Scholven coking plantZweckel(3)
Owned by Bergwerksgesellschaft Hibernia A.G., the plant is situated near the Scholven colliery 7i miles North North .Vest of Gelsenkirchen main station and ^ mile West of the synthetic-oil plant. There are 274 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 1,367,000 ton3.
North nest of Gelsenkirchen (3.
Consolidation l/WT coking plant
The plant is owned by MannesmannrShren-Werke A.G. and is located at Consolidation colliery, pit 1/6, and lies 1-^ miles North West of Gelsenkirchen station. There are 236 ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 1,051,000 tons.
Alma-Pluto coking plant
East of
Gelsenkirchen (3)
Owned by the Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G. this coking plant is situated half a mile East of Gelsenkirchen main railway station.

Dahlbusch coking plant
West South West of Gelsenkirchen (3)
It has 143 ovens and an annual dry coal capacity of 1,035,000 tons. It also supplies gas to the Ruhrgas grid.
Situated ljp miles West South West of Gelsenkirchen main station. Thin coking plant is owned by the A.G.Bergwerksgesellschaft Dahlbusch. It has l60 ovens and an annual dry coal capacity of 760,000 tons.
Westerholt coking plantGelsenkirchen/
Gladbeck
Owned by the Hibernia A.G., this coking plant with 240 ovens and an annual dry coal capacity of 470,000 tons lies 6j miles North of Gelsenkirchen main railway station.
Gelsenkirchen (3)
Consolidation Ul/TV coking plant
Owned by the Mannesmannrohrenwerke A.G. and lying 1' miles North of Gelsenkirchen main station. This coking plant has 80 ovens and an annual dry coal capacity of 470,000 tons. This plant together with Consolidation i/yi is believed to employ sane 5,000 workers.
Hugo II coking plantBuer(3y
This coking plant is owned by the Harpener Bergbau A.G. and has 100 ovens with an annual dry coal oapacity of 330,000 tons. It lies 5i miles North Nest of Gelsenkirchen station.
Graf Bissmrok coking plantGelsenklrohan (-)
Situated 2£ miles North North Veat of Gelaenkirohen main station. This coking plant has 210 ovens and an annual dry ooal capacity of 230,000 tons. It is owned by Deutsche Krdol A.G. This plant has its cam power station of 23 MW oapacity. (See also under "Public Utility Services".)
Westerholt CollieryGelsenkirohen (3)
Lying 2 miles North hast of Buer and owned by Bergwerksgesellschaft Hibernia A.G., this colliery had an output in 1937 of 1,193,000 tons of hard ooal.
Bergmannagluck CollieryBuer(3)
Also owned by the Bergwerksgesellsohaft Hibernia A.G. and aituated North of Buer-Nord station. This colliery had an output in 1937 of 1,164,000 tons of hard coal.
Holland CollieryGelsenkirchen(3)
This colliery lies South of Gelsenkirchen-Wattenaoheid station and is owned by the Gelsenkirchener Bergwerke A.G. In 1937 the output of hard coal was 1,121,000 tons.
Consolidation (including Unser Fritz%
Colliery)Gelsenkirchen(3;
In 1937 this colliery, owned by Mannesmannröhren Werke A.G., had an output cf 2,945,000 tons of hard coal.
Graf Bismarck CollieryGelsenkirchen(3)
jilfcue

Owned by the Deutsche Erdol A.G. This colliery in 1937 had an output of 2,700,000 tons cf herd coal.
This colliery to the South West of Gelsenkirchen had an output in 1937 of 1,000,000 tons of hard ccal. It is owned by A.G.der Berg^rksgesellschaft Gelsenkirchen "Dahlbusch'.
Liquid Fuels
Gelsenberg-Benzin A.G.Horst(l)
This synthetic-oil plant is situated adjoining the Nordstern III mine, 3? miles North West cf Gelsenkirchen main station on the North bank of the ianscher canal, and covers an area of about l60 acres. The Bergius process is used, bituminous coal being the raw material.
Annual capacity is estimated at 400,000 tons of oil products, the chief of which is aviation spirit. Storage capacity is estimated at 87,000 tons.
Hydrierwerk Scholven A.G.North of Buer (l)
This synthetic-oil plant is situated immediately East of the Scholven pits (l and 2) , 7? miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station, and is a subsidiary of Bergwerksgesellschaft Hibernia A.G. The raw biaterial is bituminous coal, and the Bergius capacity
350,000tons. It is reported that aviation spirit is also being produced here.
Iron and Steel and Ferro Alloys
MannesmannrShrenwerke A.G.North
(Grillo Funke Works)Gelsenkirchen(3)
Lying lj miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station, this plant includes 6 Siemens Martin furnaces and rolling mills. Products include steel sheets, bars, and plates, and the annual output of crude steel is believed to be approximately 100,000 tons.
Schalker VereinGelsenkirchen(3)
Owned by the Deutsche Eisenwerke A.G. group of Vereinigte Stahlwerke, the works are situated to the North East and almost adjoining the Gelsenkirchen main station. There are five blast furnaces having an annual capacity of approximately 450,000 tons of pig-iron.
The plant also has an adjacent cement works.
a)Bleehwarenf abrik und /er. in s?e-
Karl Keller.G'
b)MannesmannrBhrenwerke A.H.
These two p?.aras specialise in the manufacture of galvanised sheets and products including corrugated sheets'

Gelsenkirchen
Both the above-mentioned firms manufacture lead articles, and Gebrüder Keotean specialises in the production of rolled lead.
Engineering and Armaments
Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G.^Gelsenkirchen-
(Dortmunder Union Brückenbau A.G.)Schalke
(Werke Orange)
This works, formerly owned by the Vereinigte Kesselwerke, is situated miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station. It produces sheet metal, gas-holders, oil tanks, chemical apparatus, pipelines, railway and road bridges.
F.Kupferbusch & SBhne A.G.Gelsenkirchen-
Schalke
This firm owns two works: Work I lies 1-y miles North West of Gelsenkirchen main station, and Werk II lies adjoining the East of the Schalke marshalling yards. Both manufacture water-heating apparatus and the plant includes iron-foundries and open hearth furnaces.
Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G.
(Huhrstahl A.G.) Gelsenkirchener
GusstahlwerkeGelsenkirchen
This special-steel works manufactures cast steel parts, wheels, and axles.
"Stern" Eisen und Metall A.G.East of
Gelsenkirchen
500 workers were employed here in 1939 on the buying, selling, recovery, as well as sorting and working up of scrap netal. Stern is believed to operate one of the largest individual scrap metal depots in the Ruhr.
Chemicals and üicplosives
This sulphuric acid factory is situated 2 miles North of Gelsenkirchen main station and just East of Schalke station.
The lead chamber process iB used, and the annual output of 1(X$ sulphuric acid exceeds 20,000 tons. The plant probably handles a large proportion of the domestic ore produced by Sachtleben A.G. (Homberg).
GENSHAGEN(Brandenburg)
This small town lies about 10 miles due south of Berlin.
In the course of the last few yearn its population has rapidly increased as a result of the great development of the Daimler—Bens aeroengine works.
Aircraft and aero-engines
Daimler-Benz A. G.Genshagen(1)
This branch of the Daimler-Benz concern acts as the pilot works under the re-arrangement of German aero-engine production.
Air cover shows that there have been many recent additions to the factory including the completion of a very large shop and a block of 20 test beds. The layout is of a very dispersed character, encompassing 57 acres of working space in a 885 acres site.
The production figure for DB-605 engines, which is the engine most widely manufactured by Daimler-Benz, was estimated in August 1943 to be 400 per month, and the plant was then thought to be approaching full oapacity.
It is believed that some 6,000 workers were employed here prior to the war and that this number may have increased to 13,000 by the end of 1943-

GENTHIN (Saxony)
52° 24' N. 12° 10' E: 530 miles: (12,000)
Genthin is a town of considerable industrial activity being 18 ra. west of Brandenburg on the main Berlin-Magdeburg line. Sugar refining, dyeing and paper making are among the principal industries.
Foodstuffs
ZuokerraffinerieGenthin(-)
Zuckerraffinerie Genthin is one of the principal sugar factories in Germany, in 1938 it had a capacity to process about
44,000quintals per day.

Gera, formerly oapital of the small principality of Reuss, is the largest town in Thuringia- Formerly textiles constituted its principal industry but since 1927 Gera's engineering industry haB taken first place and by 1939 employed approximately 10,000 workers. Gera is on the railway line from Weissenfels to Plauen and Eger, one of the through routes from northern Germany to Bavaria. Branch lines lead from Gera W. to Weimar and to Saalfeld and E. to Chemnitz. Included in the administrative area is Tinz, a suburb 4 miles N. of the town oentre.
Publio Utility Services
Gas Works.Gera(3)
In 1936 the municipal gasworks of Gera made 170 million cubic feet of gas.
Transportation
Railway Marshalling yardsGera(3)
In 1939 these yards had a oapacity to handle 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Engineering and Armaments
Moritz Jahr A.G.Liebschwitz(3)
This firm specialises in machinery for the ohemical and textile industries and in 1938 employed some 800 workers. It is in the village of Liebsohwitz 3 miles 3. of Gera. It belongs to the firm of Gebrflder Dix A.G. mentioned below.
Gebrader Dix A.G.Weinbergstr.(-)
Prior to the war this firm made speoial sewing machines for the textile industry and also produced gramophone components and needles. In 1938 some 500 workers were employed.
WesselmannLangestr.(3)
The Wesselmann - Bohrer Co' A' Gw sre makers of machine tools and are believed to employ approximately 1'000 workers' frieir works are in the southern suburb of Zwötsen'
Heinrich LeoTalstr.
This firm makes air oonpressors and industrial storage tanks and are beliered to employ some 800 workers.
In addition to the main works there is a foundry belonging to this firm in the northern suburb of Tins.
Karl WetselKarl Petrel
Str.
The Karl Wetzel Maschinenfabrik und Eisengiesserei are believed to enploy approximately 1,000 workers and to make borers, grinders and other machine tools.
Konrad ModraohWiesestr.
This firm makes all kinds of punching machines and plate shears.
Robert TodtReiohstr.
The Robert Todt Gm.b.H. are specialists in lathes and drilling chucks and have a modern and well-equipped machine-tool factory.
H. JahrKarl Wetsel
Str.
The firm of Moritz Rudolf Jahr A.G. specialises in textile machinery and machinery for the chemical industry.
In 1938 some 800 workers were employed.
Oststr. ) Wiesestr. )
Kurt Htssner
Pr. Aug. Jahr
Two of several small factories making maohine tools, boring machines and lathes.
Chemicals and Explosives
Zsohimn u. SchwarzPohlitz
(Heinriohshall)
This firm, situated one mile e&ct of Pohlitz, hi miles N. of Gera, produces sulphuric acid and sulphur trioxide. Prior to the war their production cf acid was approximately 30,000 tons, and of trioxide
24,000tons p. a. The ocrisumption of pyrites was 22,000 tons p. a. There is no recent information about this plant. The firm own another plant at DOlan referred to under Gouz, Thuringia.
GSRA (continued)
Gera - Greizer
Zwfften
(-)

The Gera-Greizer Kammgarnspinnerei a. G. employed some 800 workers in 1937 and had a wool-combing and spinning plant with 59,000 spindles. No firm information is available regarding the companies' present activity.
Bardzki & OeserAmaral Scheer Str.)
Seidenweberei Gera
Kaiser Vilhelm Str.)
( (-)
The above are two of a number of weaving mills situated in Gera.
tr.

GEVELSBSRG (Westphalia)
See under Hagen

GIESSEN (Hesse)
50° 35' N. 8° 40' E: 390 miles: (48,000)
Giessen is the chief administrative town of Oberhesse and the seat of a University. It is on the railway line from Prankfort/iiain to Marburg and is a Junotion of some local injportance. Tliere are no industries of any consequence.
T ransoort at ion.
Railway Marshalling Yards.Giessen(3)
In 1937 these yard3 had a capacity to handle 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Engineering and Armaments
Schmk & EbeGiessen(3)
This firm is one of the smaller German makers of carbon brushes and holders. Prior to the war they employed 300 to 400 workers.
Rubber <1 Tyres
Poppe & Co.Giessen(3)
Giessener Guntniwarenfabrik
This firm manufactures mechanical rubber goods including solid rubber tyres on a small scale, as well as belting and hose. In 1940 scene 300 to 4°0 workers were employed.

GLADBECK (Westphalia)
51° 35' N. 7° E: 305 miles: (60,000)
Lying at the north-we3t extremity of the Ruhr,
Gladbeck is important chiefly for its coking industry described below.
Solid Fuels
Direktion der Stinnes'sehen Sechen2 miles Southof(3)
Gewerkschaft Mathias StinnesGladbeck.
Prior to the war 2,000 workers were employed at this coking plant, which has 135 ovens with a rated dry coal capacity cf 618,000 tons per annum. In 1937 the Mathias . tinnes coal mines had an output of hard coal of vpproximately
2,500,000tons.
Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G.1^ miles Southof(3)
Graf Moltke CollieryGladbeck
In 1937 one million tons of hard coal were produced at this mine which then employed some 1,500 workers.

GLATZ (Silesia)
50° 25' N. 16° 40' E: 730 miles: (23,000)
Situated approximately 50 miles south of Breslau and within 10 miles of the Czechoslovakian border, Glatz is an one of the main routes through the mountains between Silesia and Bohemia. It was a garrison town. There are no industries of note.

GLAUCHAU (Saxony)
50° 50' N. 12° 30' E: 550 miles: (33,000)
Glauchau is 17 milo3 west of Chemnitz on the railway to Zwickau. The town's main industry consists of a number of small textile factories but the machine tool factory mentioned below is of some importance.
Engineering and Armaments
Wotan & ZiianennannGlauchau
The Wotan & Zimnermann Werke A.G. are makers of grinding and planing machines, lathes, and other machine tools. The number of workers was increased three-fold during the five years before the war to a total of 800 in 1939-
Chaaicala and Explosives
Bernhard Dalichow A.G.Glauchau
Makers of <^es and oleaning agents for the textile industry.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper
SpinnstoffwerkGlauchau
The Spinnstoffwerk Glauchau A.G. after being closed for some yea.3, reopened in 1937 as an artificial silk mill. Approximately 1,000 workers were employed in 1938 and the capacity was reported to be 31 tons daily of viscose rayon.

GLAUS I G See under KÖTHEN.

GLEIWITZ (Silesia)
50° 18' N. 18° 40' E: 825 miles: (120,000)
Gleiwitz is the mast westerly of the three adjacent mining
Gleiwitz (Continued) towns in the extreme south-eastern oomer of Upper Silesia; the others being Hindenburg and Beuthen. The former Polish frontier approaches within 2 miles of the south-eastern comer of the town.
Two of the large Upper Silesian coal nines are in the southern outskirts of deiwitz. The klodnitz Canal, through which water borne traffic can reach the Oder via the valley of the river Klodnitz, connects Gleiwitz and the adjacent coal field with the inland waterway system. There are several large steel and engineering works within the town area close to the important marshalling yards, and these are mainly owned by the Vereinigte Oberschlesische Hüttenwerke A.G. (VOHAG).
In 1939 this concern owned ten large plants in Upper Silesia at Gleiwitz, Beuthen and Hindenburg.
T ransport at i on
Inland PortNeuweide(3)
North-west of the town on the Klodnitz canal there is an inland harbour ifrich was in process of extension at the outbreak of war. Gleiwitz is an important coal trans-shipment centre.
Marshalling YardsGleiwitz(l)
On the eastern side of the town are very large marshalling yards and an extensive goods station whioh are of great importance to the Upper Silesian traffic. These marshalling yards, whioh oan handle 6,800 wagons per 24 hours, are the focal point for the whole network of railway lines serving the various mines and industries in the Gleiwitz, Hindenburg, and Beuthen areas.
In addition to this heavy looal traffic, Gleiwitz is on one of the main railway connections to Poland.
Marshalling YardsSosnitza(3)
South of the main goods yards and of the eastern suburb of Sosnitza is a further system of shunting and marshalling yards.
Railway Repair ShopsGleiwitz(2)
These are large repair shops situated in the eastern quarter of the town, immediately north of the main marshalling yards. Some 2,700 workers were enployed in 1941, and the repair of locomotives as well as other rolling stock is undertaken.
Public Utility Servioes.
Municipal Gas WorksGleiwitz(3)
In 193^ these municipally owned gas works purchased and sold 137 million cubio feet of gas.
Solid Fuels

The Gleiwitzer coal mine belonging to the 3orsig Kokawerke A.G. is approximately 1 mile south of Gleiwitz. This company owns 2 other large coal mines in the Hindenburg area. The Gleiwitz mine has 3 pitheads. A coking and by-products plant is attached. Before the war 2,000 workers were employed, and in 1936 the output was 1,200,000 tons of coking coal. The coking plant has 108 ovens, with a maximum rated dry coal capacity of 657,000 tens per amun. A sulphuric acid plant, mentioned below under Chemicals and Explosives, utilises the high sulphur content of this coal.
Oehringen Grube
Gleiwitz
The coal mines of the Oehringen Bergbau A.G. are near the village of So3nitza on the south-eastern outskirts of Gleiwitz. Some 2,000 workers were employed in this mine in 1938 and the output for that year was approximately 900,000 tons of coal. There are 2 pitheads.
x
Engineering and Armaments

IT
The Vereinigte Oberschlesische Hüttenwerke A.G.
(V0HAG) iß a concern with a capital of 20 million Karks and was formed to unite in one Cartel a large number of the most inportant Upper Silesian iron and steel works. In 1939 there were 10 large large plants owned by the V0HAG in Upper Silesia and a total of some 14,000 workers were employed.
Five of these works are in the Gleiwitz area and are mentioned below. Two large steel works are in the adjacent towns of Hindenburg and Beuthen (Bobrek) and are included under those headings. The remaining plants are in Andreashtitte, Königshuld, and Ualapane, three small towns i. the district east of Oppeln, which are also shown separately.
V0HAG StadtwerkGleiwitz
This plant is in the eastern quarter of the town on the eastern side of the main railway station, and oonprises Siemens Martin furnaces, a foundry, forging and liainner works, rolling malls, and sheet-steel presses for wagon components. The plant turns out railway equipment on a large scale.
V0HAG StahlröhrenwerkGleiwitz
These large works are situated in the Gleiwitz Stadtwald to the north-east of the town and are equipped with rolling and drawing mills for all kinds of steel tubes.

VOHAG HerminenhtttteLaband(3)
In the suburb of Laband 4 miles north-west of Gleiwitz, the VOHAG have a large rolling mill for band iron, rods, and structures. These works also include tin rolling and cold rolling plants.
VOHAG DrahtwerkGleiwitz(3)
riPok lie it 1 irr.sx rri, ft

In the Northern quarter of the town and immediately west of the main railway station are works producing wire, nails, chains, screws, nuts, and springs.
In 1938 some 1,600 workers were employed.
VOHAG BlechwarenfabrikGleiwitz(-)
The products of this smaller plant are pressings and stampings, metal casings and galvanised iron.
Press & StahlwerkeLaband(3)
North of the VOHAG Herminenhtttte a large new plant has been erected during the war on a site measuring about 800 yards eaoh way. It is reported that the production of these works is entirely devoted to bomb casings, in particular the 250 kg. and 500 kg. type. The firm should have started full production at the id of 1942 with the full intended conpl ament of 6,000 workers, but it is believed that the completion has been delayed and that in the early part of 1943 only 2,000 workers were engaged.
KesselwerkISargarethenstr.(3)
The Oberschlesische Kesselwerke B. Meyer G.m.b.H., a firm of boiler makers which employed some 850 workers in 1938, are situated to the north-west of the main railway station. This firm belongs to the Deutsche Babcock & Wilcox A.G.
Weinmann & LangeTosterstr.(-)
Sea
chief
1.3
This firm specialises in armatures and heavy cast-iron and steel fittings for steam, gas, and r/ater pipes.
Chemicals and Explosives
Sulphuric Acid PlantGleiwitz(3)
Adjoining the Gleiwitzer Grube mentioned above under Solid Fuels, is a sulphurio acid plant working on sulphur recovered at the Borsig coking plant. It produces annually 25,000 tons of sulphurio acid.
Rubber & Textiles.
Georg KttllerGleiwitz(3)
This is a Government licensed re-treading plant
with a capacity to process 600 motor tyres per month. It is also engaged on the manufacture of technical rubber goods.

GLOGAU (Silesia)
51° 40' N. 16° 5' E: 700 miles: (30,000)
Glogau, which is 60 ndle3 north-west of Breslau, is close to the Polish border. It is on She railway line from Frankfurt (Oder) to Breslau and is a Junction for four branch lines. It was a garrison town. The industri es wlüch include sugar refining, starch, furniture and clock-making, are of no great importance.
Transportation.
Railway Repair ShopsGlogau(3)
These railway repair shops are believed to be engaged on repair and maintenance of lmotives, coaches, and goods wagons. Groind reports suggest that the works here have considerably enlarged since 1939.
Public Utility Servioes.
Blektrowerke A.G., BerlinGlogau(3)
This is the principal gas works in the Glogau area, and applies the town of Glogau and many nearby inhabited localities. In 1936 the works made 117 million cubic feet of gas

GÖPPINGEN (Wurttemberg)
48° 45' N. 9° 40' E: 475 miles: (30,000)
Goppangen is on the main line between Stuttgart and Ulm and has a considerable industry of which machine tools and textiles are the chief products.
Engineering and Armaments
L. Schuler A.G.Göppingen(3)
This firm is believed to es^loy some 1,200 workers and makes machinery for sheet-steel pressing such as the manufacture of shell and bomb bodies and steel helmets. A branch works of this firm is at Ebersbach 6 miles west of Göppingen.
Gebrüder BohringerGöppingen(3)
Approximately 1,000 workers are believed to be en$>loyed by "this firm which makes lathes, boring grinding and planing machines, and other machine tools.
ff. Speiser
Göppingen
(3)
Before the war well-known makers of agricultural machinery and inplements, this firm ds now reported to be anploying 1,000 workers, and to be engaged on unspecified armaments production.

Robert Bosch

(-)
Göppingen is one of several towns in which the firm of Robert Eosch of Stuttgart is reported to have opened a new works with a view to decentralising production, but there is as yet no firm confirmation of these reports.

Textiles, Rayon. Pulp and Paper
Karela
Göppingen
(-)
The Münchner Strickwarenfabrik Karela G.m.b.E. and the Württembergische Strickwarenfabrik Volkert & Co. K.G. are two of a number of small textile works in Göppingen.
etc !: we • tat <

GÖRLITZ (Silesia) 
51° 10' N. 15° E: 650 miles: (97,000)
Görlitz is in the western part of Silesia close to the industrial region of eastern Saxony. To the 3. it is only 10 miles distant from the Czechoslovakian border. It is on the main line from Dresden to the coal fields of Upper Silesia and is a railway centre of importanoe. In addition to the industries mentioned below there are a number of cloth factories of no individual importance and minor works making agricultural and other machinery.
Tranaportat ion
Railway JunctionGörlitz(2)
The principal line from Dresden through Hirschberg to the Upper Silesian, Polish, and Czechoslovakian coal fields, passes through Görlitz from W. to £.
Two important lines run northwards from the town, one to Cottbus arei Berlin and the other to Sorau and eastern Brandenburg. 3oth of these lines connect Görlitz with the main Dresden-Breslau line 10 miles N. of the town. A further branch line leads southwards from Görlitz to Zittau and Czechoslovakia.
Publlo Utility ServicesGörlitz(3)
Municipal Gas Works
In 1936 the municipal gas works made 257 million cubic feet of gas.
Engineering and Armaments
WUMAGGörlitz(2)
The Waggon & Maschinenbau A.G. Görlitz is an important engineering works making steam turbines, pumps, hydraulic presses, boilers, tanks for water, oil and gas, railway waggons, gun carriages, and other heavy vehicles including motor ambulances. Diesel engines were also among their products but they are now reported to have suspended production.of these and to be concentrating on steam turbines. There are three separate works belonging to this firm, one occupying a large area in the Northwestern quarter of the town, the second 400 yards to the E. of the first ard the third in the Lutherstr. W. of the main railway station. Upwards of 3,000 workers are believed to be employed.
Zeiss WorksGörlitz(3)
A branch of Carl Zeiss of Jena is reported to have been established at Görlitz and to be producing optical instruments on a large scale. It is believed that this has been done by taking over and extending the works
of the Optische und Feinmechanische werke Hugo Meyer at Fichtestr. 2,formerly makers of components for cameras and cinema apparatus,
G. A.FischerBrückenstr.(2)
This firm is an important producer of all kinds of fire-fighting appliances and machinery (excluding fire engines).
Approximately 1,000 workers are believed to be employed,
KosmosCottbuserstr. (3)
The Kosmos Hud, Pawlikowski G.m.b.H. are makers of wood gas generators. They also specialise in conveyors and sifting machinery,
Karl DickowrCottbuserstr. {-)
The Apparate S' Maschinenfabrik Karl Lickow are makers of centrifugal vacuum pumps.
Richard RaupachFischerstr.(-)
The Richard Raupach Maschinenfabrik &
Eisengiesserei G.m.b.H. have their own foundry and are specialists in ceramic and brick making machinery.

GOSLAR (Hanover)
51° 55' N. 10° 25' E: 455 miles: (24,000)
Goslar is situated at the foot of the northern edge of mountains, 25 miles south of Brunswick, on the rich ore deposits of the Harz district. In the vicinity are smelters producing lead, zinc and copper. In the year 1937 the district contributed 41/' of the total Ger-nan lead production.
The chief producer of lead in the district is the Rammelsberg mine, situated 2 miles south of Goslar, which, when working at full pressure, yields an output of lead concentrates amounting to about 30^ of Germany's total production; the copper output of this mine, though principally a producer of lead end zinc, is also considerable. The minirg company owning the mine, the Unterharzer Berg- u. Hüttenwerke, is a subsidiary of the Preussische Bergwerks- u. Hüllen A.G. which company operates other metal mines in Klausthal and Lautenthal through subsidiary undertakings .
The mines are scatterdamong the hills, at Harlingerode to the East, Rammelsberg to the South, and at Klausthal and Lautenthal to the south west. The latter two areas are referred to under their own names.
There are a number of small industries such as textile fancy goods, a chemical factory which is mentioned below, and a factory making office requisites which is some note in that branch. At Langelsheim 5 mile3 to the west is a factory making chemical products.
Unterharzer Berg- u. Hüttenwerke G.m.b.H
Oker
(3)
Non-Ferrous Metals,
This firm, a subsidiary of Preussische Bergwerks- u,
Langelsheim (3)
Hutten A.G, are important metal producers.
The smelting works, 2 miles east of Goslar, have an estimated capacity of 15,000 metric tons of crude and 15,000 metric tens of refined lead.
The actual output of 1542 was reported to be
5,000tons. Their annual capacity for production of crude zinc assessed in 1539 at 40,000 tons and of reuistilled zinc probably rather lower.
Bleiwerk Goslar.Klausthal(3)
The Bleiwerk Goslar G.m.b.H. are important lead fabricators. Their production includes rolled lead, lead pipes and wire, and anti-friction metal.
Hans Heinrich Hütte G.m.b.H.
This firm, situated 5 miles NW of Goslar, had an annual production capacity of 12,000 metric tons of refined lead before the war; it has since been reported to have suspended the smelting of lead ores and to be refining scrap metal on a limited scale.
Gebr. Borchers A.-G.
(See under Chemicals. ) Engineering and Armaments.
(-)
Goslar

This.firm manufacture foundry plant particularly cupolas.

Chenioals &. Explosives
Gebrüder Borchers A.G,
Glockengiesserstr. (2)
Fr. Schinke Maschinenfabrik

This works is a subsidiary of H.C.Stark, Berlin. In 1539 some $00 workers were employed in two departments aj making borax, cobalt, nickel and arsenic compounds and dyes for the pottery industry; and b) producing tungsten powder at an estimated rate of 200 tons per annum. This works is also an important refiner of cobalt the capacity being in the region of 3,000 tons per annum.

GOTHA (Thuringia)
50° 55' N. 10° 40' E: 470 miles: (51,000)

Gotha is on the main Berlin-Frankfurt a. Main railway line and is between Erfurt and Eisenach. It is a junction for two branch lines. The most important industry of the town is the aircraft assembly works described below. The other industries include rubber hose end engineering, and there are also a number of flour mills and a soap factory, none of which is of individual importance.
Transportation
Railway J unctionGotha
The railway station is on the southern edge of the town. An important branch line leads N. from the station via Mülhausen to Kassel and Northwestern Germany. Another branch line leads S. to the Thüringer Wald district. Adjacent to the main railway station are medium sized railway repair shops engaged on the repair and maintenance of good wagons and coaches and believed to employ about 2,000 workers.
Gotha
Public Utility Services Power Station
The ^otha electric power station of the Thüringer ElektrizitRts Lieferung Ges. A.G. was originally a power station of the Gotha tramway system and is now an important station of the Thuringian network whioh supplies current for general purposes and also for the electrified railway leading from Gotha into the Thüringer Wald. It has an installed capacity of approx. 50'GV.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Gotha
Gothaer Waggonfabrik A.G.
This works is situated on the Northeastern edge of the town where it occupies a very large area. The firms' title is misleading as the larger part of this piant if not its entirety is devoted to the manufacture of aircraft components and the assembly of fighter aircraft their connection with which dates from the 1914-18 war when the ^otha aeroplane was one of the chief German types.
The activity of the Gotha plant has expanded more or less steadily since 1934 when some 3,000 workers were employed. By 1937 that number had increased to 4,000 and by 1939 some 4,500 were employed. Further expansion has occured in the course of this war.
Prior to the war a large proportion of this
this plant was devoted to the manufacture of narrow gauge locomotives, trailers and other heavy vehicles. During the early part of this war these activities were continued on a smaller scale end some of the capacity of the

plant that became available is believed to have been employed on the
manufacture of tank transport vehicles. There is reason to believe that most of
these activities were dragged in the course of the last two to three years and that the plant was practically completely converted for the manufacture of aircraft components and the assembly of aircraft particularly the erection of components and the final assembly of Me. 110.
Prior to a raid by the U.S. Air Force in February, 1 %4, in the course of which the works was very severely damaged, its estimated output was 75 Me. 110 per month.
Engineering and Armaments Theodor Ehrlich
Gotha
(3)
The works also supplies wing sections, fuselage parts etc. to Brunswick end Augsburg.
This firm makes gears, differentials and driving gear.
Brand (St Grasemann
Paul Hennicke Str. (-)
Looss & Hempel
Gotha
(-)
This firm makes ventilators, exhausts and air compressors on a small scale.
Automatikus
Am Seeberg
(-)
The Gothaer Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Looss & Hempel, are makers of boring and grinding machines.
Blödner & Vuersahrodt
Rubber and Tyres.
Gothania Werke A.G,
Hindenburgstr. )(})
Schlichtenstr. )
The Automatikus Specialfabrik für Apparatebau Eduard Haas, specialises in apparatus for cleansing and scouring metal.
Both these firms are manufacturers of rubber and woven hose for fire fighting appliances ana industrial purposes.


Wilhelm LambrechtGöttingen(3)
This firm are believed to be the leading German makers of meteorological instruments.
R. Winkel G.m.b.H.Göttingen(3)
This firm make microscopes, surveying and high-precision grinding and polishing machines.
nil: iss. I' i it;' -!sfcj KS
ilk'

GREIFFEUBERG (Silesia)
51° N. 15° 30' E: 690 miles: (4,500)
Greiffenberg is approximately 20 miles South East of Gerlitz on the main line through Hirschberg to Upper Silesia. It is within 10 miles of the foiroer Czechoslovakian frontier. The industry is mainly textile and the largest factory is mentioned below.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Greiffwerke, A.G. WinklerGreiffenberg(-)
This firm, formerly the Greif fwerke A.G., is now owned by the Gustav Winkler K. G. of Berlin.
In 1939 it specialised in the manufacture of overalls and workmen's clothing, and employed some 1,600 workers. There is a branch factory at Frankfort/Oder.

GREIFSWALD (Pomerania)
54° 5' N. 13° 25' E: 590 miles: (34,000)
Greifswald is a small University town 20 miles South East of Stralsund and close to the Baltic, with which it is connected by a canal. There is a small shipbuilding industry and a few engineering works, none of which is of cwtstanding importance. A report has been received that there is now a factory outside the town making aero-engines, but confirmation or further details are lacking.

GREIZ (Thuringia)
50° 10' N. 12° 10' E: 540 miles: (40,000)
Greiz is 12 miles North, of Plauen in the small principality of Reuss. It has a considerable textile industry made up of a number of small factories, several minor engineering firms, and the ohemical faotory mentioned below.
Engineering and Armaments
Oskar Schleicher
Greiz
(-)
This firm, which has its own iron foundry formerly specialised in the making of textile machinery. Its present activities are not known.
Chemicals and Explosives
(-)
Zschinmer & SchwarzDblau
These chemical works are in the suburb of D&lau one mile South of Greiz. They produce formic acid, aluminium and barium compounds, textile dressings and various industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. In 1939 the firm employed some 100 workers.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Muller & KramerAdmiral Soheer Str.(-)
In 1938 this firm employed some 100 workers.
It is one of the several small weaving mills in Greiz.
Georg SchieberGreiz(-)
The Färbereien & Appreturanatalten Georg Schieber A. G. are dyers and textile finishers. At their two factories in Greiz and in Reichenbach (Saxony) a town 5 miles East of Greiz, they employed some 1,200 workers in 1938.

GREVENBROICH (Rhineland)
51° 5' N. 6° 55' E: 295 miles: (12,000)
Grevenbroich is approximately 12 miles South West of Düsseldorf and is a railway junction where the line from Neuss to Düren crosses that from Köln to MUnchen-Gladbach, The chief industry is the important aluminium works mentioned below. There are, in addition, several foundries and engineering works and some textile factories, none of which is individually of note.
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
ErftwerkGrevenbroich(2)
The Erftwerk which belongs to the Vereinigte Aluminium Werke A. G., is an important aluminium reduction plant with a pre-war capacity of
25,000tons of aluminium per annum. 4,000 workers are believed to be employed. According to estimates as per September 1943 the capacity of this plant has remained at its pre-war level.
Blattmetall A.G.Grevenbroich(3)
The Rheinische Blattmetall A.G., which also belongs to the VAWAG, specialises in the manufacture of aluminium foil.
G. SchottierGrevenbroich(-)
The Armaturenfabrik & Metallgiesserei G.
Schottler are metal founders and makers of non-ferrous armatures.
Engineering and Armaments
'Maschinenfabrik Grevenbroich A.G.Grevenbroich(-)
The Maschinenfabrik Grevenbroich A.H. belongs to the S. Volf concern of Magdeburg-Buckau and is a factory making brewing vats and other enamelled metal containers for industrial use.

GRONAU (Westphalia)
52° 15' N. 7° E: 310 miles: (20,000)
Gronau is 30 miles north-west of Mftnster and close to the Dutch border. It is on one of the main railway lines leading frctn N.W. Germany into Holland. Cotton spinning is the chief industry of this town.

prinoipal textile factory of Gronau. The main producta are heavy textile materials auch as uniform cloth. There are 480 weaving stools and a spinning mill with 24,000 spindles. Sod 2,000 workers were employed in 1939.

GUBEN (Brandenburg)
51° 55' N. 14° 40' E: 640 miles: (44,000)
Guben is 25 miles South of Frankfor t/0der on one of the main lines leading from North Germany to Breslau. Textiles are the chief industry. There are a number of cloth factories and Guben is an important centre of the hat-making industry. In addition to the new factory mentioned below, there are a number of minor engineering works.
Transportation
Railway Junction.Guben(3)
Important braiohes leave the main line at Guben leading to Cottbus in the South West and through Crossen Eastwards to Posen.
Engineering and Armaments
Borsig A.G.Guben(-)
The Rheinmetall Borsig A.G. have built a new factory during the war at Guben, which is believed to have been completed in March 1943- These works are reported to employ 800 workers but it is rot known what is being produoed.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Hutfabrik A.G.Guben(-)
The Berlin-Gubener Hutfabrik A.G. are among the loading German manufacturers of felt and cloth hats. Prior to the war they did a large export trade. Soma 3,000 workers were employed in 1939.
The present activities of this large works are not known.

GUMBINNEN (East Prussia)
54° 35' N. 22° 10' E: 950 miles: (25,000)
Gumbinnen is on the main line from Königsberg to Kowno and Riga. It is 25 miles from the former Lithuanian frontier and was a garrison town. It is an important market centre for the agriculture of East Prussia.

Engineering and Armaments
Maschinenfabrik A.G.Kftnigstr.(3)
The Vereinigte Maschinenfabrik A.G. Gumbinnen is an old-established firm manufacturing agricultural machinery. Among their products are small Diesel and crude oil engines. In 1939 the works were employing some ADO workers.
Reports suggest that a large part of the works is now engaged on the manufacture of tools and components for the motor-vehicle industry and that 1,000 workers were employed in 1942.
Food Stuffs
Prangmlihlen A.G.Gumbinnen(-)
These flour mills have a daily milling capacity of 200 tons and large grain-storage facilities.
There are also several smaller flour mills in Gumbinnen with a total milling capacity of approximately 150 tons per day.

GUMMERSBACH (Rhineland)
51° 5' N. 7° 35' E: 335 miles: (21,000)
Gummersbach is 25 miles E. of Köln in the hilly country known as the Bergisch-Land. To the North and East of the town are numerous small river valleys where artificial reservoirs have been formed as part of the water supply system for the Wuppertal and Solingen districts. Gummersbach is the administrative centre for many of these water supply undertakings. There are also numerous quarries in the vicinity. The principal industry of the town is the important boiler works described below.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsGummersbach(3)
These are medium-sized repair shops carrying out the repair of goods wagons.
Engineering and armaments
L. & S. SteinmCillerGummersbach(2)
These large works are among the leading German makers of boilers, mechanical stokers, and general industrial plant. They are believed to be important builders of locomotive boilers. The works cover a large area in the western quarter of the town and several thousand workers are employed. Ground reports suggest that as from 1941 SteinmRller was working to full capacity.

It has been reported that a large new arms factory has been opened at Gummersbach where some 8,000 workers are employed. The workshops are said to have been built largely underground. No confirmation or details of the products of this factory have been received.

GÜSTROW (Mecklenburg)
53° 50' N. 12° 10' E: 540 miles: (26,000)
Gustrow is 20 miles S. of Rostock and is on the main lines from Berlin to Rostock and Warnemünde and from Berlin to Lübeck, which diverge two miles W. of the town. There are a number of small engiiwering works in addition to that mentioned below, but the main activities of the town are connected with agriculture.
Engineering and Armaments
VantongelGüstrow(”)
The Vantongelsche Stahlwerke G.m.b.H. specialise in steel mould castings. In 1938 the factory employed about 350 workers.

GÜTERSLOH (Westphalia)
51° 55' N. 8° 20' E: 370 miles: (30,000)
Gütersloh is on the main railway line between Bielefeld and Kamm, Textiles are the chief industry. There are a number of cotton and rayon weaving mills, none of which is' individually of note, and several small engineering works in addition to the larger one which is mentioned below.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsGütersloh.(3)
These are medium sized repair shops engaged on the repair of goods wagons.
Engineering and Armaments
Mielewerk A.G.Gütersloh(3)

These works employed some 2,500 workers in 1939 and produced dairy machinery, washing and wringing machines, refrigerators, mal 1 electric motors and bicycle lamps and components. In 1942 they were reported to be fully active.
mb'

HAGEN-AND-DISTRICT (Westphalia)
51° 20' N. 7° 30' E: 325 miles: (234,000)
The district of Hagen covers a stretch of the valleys of the rivers Ennepe, Volme and Lenne. It has a total area of approximately 100 sq. miles, and. includes the following main towns, suburbs and neighbouring villages:-
Hagenwith a population of 155,000 includes Boele, Delstern,
'Hengstey, Kabel, Haspe, Holthausen and Vorhalle.

Gevelsberg. "Tn 23,000
Sohwslm "n" 24,000
Hasslinghausen "n" 12,000includes Asbeck, Hiddinghausen, GrundschRttel & Volmarstein.
Milspe "H" 11,700includes MRhlinghausen.
Voerde "n" 8,600includes all surrounding villages.
234,300

tri"
The city of Hagen lies at the confluence of the River Volme, a tributary of the Ruhr, and the River Ennepe, 10 miles due South of Dortmund, at the South-East end of the Ruhr area. It is one of the most flourishing commercial cities in Westphalia, possessing extensive iron and steel work% manufacturers of iron and steel goods, accumulators, leather, paper and tobacco as well as textile mills, breweries, distillaries, and other industrial establishments.
Transportation facilities at Hagen play an important part in the connercial traffic network of the Ruhr and Western Germany. There are extensive marshalling yards, goods stations and repair workshops.
THE AND DESCRIPTION OP OBJECTIVES.LOCATION PRIORITY
'RATING
Transportation.
Railway sidings <fe marshalling yrds.Hagen(2) '
These sidings and marshalling yards have two roundhouses. They are situated to the North of the city and just N.N.W. of the main passenger station. An extensive factory area surrounds these yards.
Railway Repair Shops.Hagen.(3)
Theae repair shops, with two roundhouses, lie directly North, North East of the marshalling yards mentioned above. They are reported to be engaged on the repair of goods waggons.
Railway Marshalling Yards.Hagen-
Vorhalle (3)
To the North West of Hagen city, practically on the southern bank of the River Ruhr are the Vorhalle marshalling yards with 2 locomotive sheds

and 2 turntables and a pre-war capacity of 3,800 waggons per 21. hours.
Railway Marshalling YardsHagen-Hengstey (3)
These yards are situated in the northernmost suburb of Hagen, and stretch along the southern bank of the Ribcr Ruhr. They had a pre-war capacity of 2,350 waggons per 24 hours.
:°ublic Utility
For Hengstey, Herdecke, and Harkort reservoirs and power stations see under 1WITTEN.
KraftwerkHagen-Haspe(3)
This thermal power-station is owned by the KICckner Werke A. 3-. and has a capacity of 40 MW.
KraftwerkGevelsberg(3)
This municipal plant is a thermal power station with a capacity of MW.
GaswerkeHagen(3)
In 1936 the Hagen municipal gasworks purchased 60 million cubic feet of gas and sold 380 million cubic feet.
GaswerkeHagen-Gevelsberg (3)
In 1936 the Gevelsberg municipal gasworks purchased and sold 209 million cubic feet of gas.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloys.
KlHckner-Werke A.G.Hagen-Haspe(2)
This is a branch plant of the main v orks at Duisburg. It covers a fairly large site at Haspe, a South West suburb of Hagen, and lies between the H&gen-Barmen and the Hagen-Gevelsberg railway lines. The engineering section of the plant lies in the North Bast part of the 3ite and details of it are given below in the Engineering section. The blast furnaces and electric furnaces lie in the South West end of the site. Annual capacity is estimated at 450,000 tons of pig-iron and 600,000 tons of crude steel. Themas, open-hearth and electric steel is made. The plant is estimated to employ seme 8,000 workers.
Non-Ferrous Metals
lirkenzweig u. SchwemannHagen

This is a copper fabricating plant of relatively minor importance.

Kr eff t A.G.
Gevelsberg
(3)
rote®
Prior to the war, these works were inqoort&nt makers of domestic ovens, heating apparatus and associated produots. In 1939 they employed sane 1 ,400 workers. They are now reported to be making small arms components.
Sahwelmer Eiseiwrerk l.fLLlcr & Co.
Schwelm
(3)
Covering an area of approx. 150,000 sq. metres on a site of some 200,000 sq. metres, this plant is engaged in the production of tank waggons, oil and other storage tanks, and benzine drums. Acoording to ground reports sane 1,500 workers were employed in 1942 but it is believed that this number has since decreased.

Hagener Gusstahlwerke Remy & Co. G.m.b.H. Hagen
This steel processing plant oocupies a fairly extensive site directly North North East of the main marshalling yards in the suburb of Eckesey. Adjoining the northern seotion of the plant is the municipal cleaning-vehicle depot. The plant has rolling mills, and produoes sheets, plate bars and rods.
(3)
Milspe Eisenwerke vormals Rudolf Rentrop & Co.
Gevelsberg-
Milspe
(3)
This plant, built on a .site of 21'.,000 square metres consists of a foundry smelting ovens, tempering ovens and workshops covering an area of 7,000 square metres. Producers of agricultural machinery before the war, this firm, together with the smaller firm of Stockey & Smith lying on the other side of the railway bridge linking Gevelsberg to Milspe, is said to be making Jigs and fixtures for the arms industry ar,' the two firms are reported to enqplpy sane 1 ,0C0 workers.
152
6
Dorken A.G.Gevelsberg(-)
Owned by Hoesoh A. G. , this plant specialises in M.V. "ponenta, components for railway tracks and waggons. These components include plates, bolts and malleable castings.
In 1939 some 400 workers were employed.
Acoumulatoren-Fabrik A. G.Hagen(1)
(A.F.A.) Werk Hagen
This is the Hagen plant of the Acoumulatoren Fabrik, A.G. Berlin (A.F. A.). It stretches along the northern bank of the River Ennepe to the west of Hagen in the suburb of Wehringhausen and is the largest plant of its kind in Germany. Ships' accumulators, particularly for submarines (these latter constituting 509 of Germany's total requirements), of all sizes, fire-control instruments, electrio firing mechanisms, lead and alkali-nickel-iron accumulators,
Edison pattern, and accumulators for power and radio installations are made.
The plant has its own power station linked to the municipal station and is estimated to employ more than 5,000 workers.
Stahlwerk Kabel C. Pouplier Jun.Hagen-Kabel(3)
Situated N. of Hagen in the suburb of Kabel Just south of the Hengstey marshalling yards, this plant produces semi-finished steel components for aircraft and tanks.
Wippermann Junior A.G.Hagen-Delstem(3)
This works, which before the war made components for motor vehicles, is now reported to be one of the largest makers of oomponentB for caterpillar tracks in Germany and also stated to be making sparking plugs.
Maschinen und Werkzeugfabrik Kabel,Hagen-Kabel(-)
Vogel £ Sohemmann, A. G.
This company are manufacturers of foundry machines, precision instruments, particularly spiral borers, sand-blast equipment, and fettling shop equipment.

HAI-BFRSTUC (Contd)
xgE and j:-:sc:-iptijn of objectives

LOCATION HtlCRITI HATES
Aircraft and Agro-l^nyJLriaa
Junkers Flugzeug & Motoren- Halberstadt (2) werke A.G.
The Junkers concern has important works in Halberstadt which have been greatly enlarged during the war and are now reported to be employing up to
10,000workers. The original factory i3 reported to be concentrated almost entirely on Ju.88 wings which are sent for assembly to Bemburg. Ir. 1943 they were turning out 21 set3 of these weekly, fuselages for these planes being produced at the same rate in Aschersleben.
Junkers Flugzeug & Motoren Halberstadt (3) werke A.G.
It is reported that during the war a large aero-engine faotory has been developed by Junkare in Halberstadt. The premises of an existing machine factory (The Halberathdter Maschinenfabrik) were taken over and the plant has been modernised and greatly extended. This has not been confirmed.

HALLE (Province Saxony)
51° 30' N. 12° E: 520 miles: (210,000)
Halle" is a railway centre of great importance. It is or. the main line from Berlin to Frankfort/t.'.ain and together with Leipzig which is 20 miles to the S.E. it forms the focal point of the railway system of industrial Saxony.
Apart from the railway workshops and the aeroplane factory described below, the industry of Halle is mostly in the hands of email firms and includes engineering works, metal famdries, printing and furniture making. To the North and °outh of the town are large brown-coal deposits ana the firms exploiting these have t eir head offices in Halle.
Halle is a compact and densely populated town. A large proportion of the population work in or in connection with the outlying districts. There are two highly important works, within 10 miles of and to the South of Halle: the Leuna works at Merseburg and the Buna works at Schkopau. At Teutschenthal 10 miles to the V/est there is a notable non-ferrous metal works. All these are dealt with under their separate headings The small suburb of Amaendorf, 1 mile to the South of Hallo, is not inside the administrative area, and is dealt with separately.

HALLE (Contd)
TYPE AMD IESCKIPTIOK QI'1 OBJECTIVESLUCL-Ji'IO::
Transportation
Railway JunctionHalle
The main Berlin-Prankfort line approaches Halle from -the East and 1 mile before reaching the town is Joined by important branches leading respectively from Magdeburg ond_ from Torgau. Immediately before the main Halle station it is Joined by a further branch leading fron Halberstadt and Asohersieberu The track curves and-ruhs roughly North to South along the Western edge of the town. South of the main station the lines again diverge, one important branch leading Southeast to Leipzig and a second West to Eisleben.
A small local branch line also leads from the mein station across the town and the river Saale and Westwards via Hettatedt to Eisleben.
Marshalling YardsHalle
The goods station and the extensive marshalling yards are adjacent to and North of the main station. The traffio is important not only because of the many brown-coal mines surrounding Halle but also because of the town's proximity to the large Leuna works at Merseburg and the Buna plant at Schkopau. In 1938 these yards had a capacity of 4,800 wagons per 24 hours.
Railway Repair ShopsHalle
These are important railway repair shops and are South of and close to the main station. They repair locomotives and rolling stock and are believed to employ seme 3,000 workers.
Publio Utility Services
Power stationHalle
This municipal thermal power station, planned to have an ultimate capacity of 80 ItV, was only half built in 1958. It contains 4 generators with an installed capacity of 42 AM. No information is available regarding the possible further development of thi3 plant.
Werke der Stadt Halle A.O.Halle
In 1938 this gas works made 490 million cubic feet of gas and drew 20 million cu.ft. from the municipal sewage-purification plant.
Aircraft and Aero Engines
The Siebel Flugzeugwerk Halle is a large aircraft plant situated on the airfield North of the town. At the outbreak of 'war they were engaged on their own type of two-engine plane, but they are now assembling mainly Ju.
88's. Wings and control surfaces are made at the Halle works to meet their own requirements but this type of aircraft component is also supplied to the Siebel works at Schkeuditz. Fuselage components are imported from the Opel works at Russelsheim. Components are also received fron and supplied to the Henschel works at Berlin and the A.T. G. works at Leipzig.
Engineering and Armaments
Weise SohneTurnstr.)
Weise & MonskiMerseburg-)(3)
erstr.)

These two associated firms are makers of pumps and turbines. Weise & Monski is aa old-established firm specialising in slow-moving piston puaps. Weise Sohne have a more modem plant and manufacture highspeed centrifugal pumpe and domestic pumping plants. They employ sane 800 workers before the war.
r^ohrenwerke A. G.Bollborgerrreg (3)
The Hallesche Röhrenwerke A. G. , which employed 500 workers in 1939, manufacture pipes from sheet steel for ventilators and air ducts. They are a^.so pipe benders and makers of ribbed pipes for refrigeration purposes. The firm belongs to the Neunkirchen er Eisenwerk A. G.
Lange & GeilenRaffiner! es tr. (3)
This firm are important makers of planing and shaping machines and particularly of tool-room shapes.
F.PampeArtilleries tr. (-)

This firm specialises in distilling apparatus for the chemical industry and synthetic-alcohol manufacture.
About 150 workers were employed in 1939.
Wegelin/

HAMBURG (including ALTONA and HARBURG-WILHELMSBURG)
53° 35' N. 10° E: 450 miles: (1,700,000)
Hamburg has, for a considerable time, held the first place among the ports of Continental Europe, and has risen to be the third largest shipping centre in the world. This development is due not only to the vast extensions and the modernisations of its Free Port, but also to the exceptional facilities offered for storing and manipulating goods.in bond - notably colonial produce and oil.
Hamburg's sea-going merchant fleet counted, on January 1st 1937, 1,538 ships, with an aggregate of 2,275,000 G.R.T.
During 1938, the port's incoming and outgoing traffic each amounted to 20^ million tons net, while imports of goods reached 18 million tons, and exports 7? million tons.
The old port was confined to the northern side of the River Elbe, but the really important and modern port has developed entirely along the river's southern bank,. This main port area falls roughly into two sections (a) centred on the HANSA-HAFEN and (b) on the ODER-HAFEN, which provide accommodation for the chief overseas liners.
In the new port too are the big shipbuilding yards, and numerous engineering and armament works.
Besides plants connected with shipbuilding, the port area accommodates other big engineering works and roughly half of Hamburg's very important oil-storage installations (total pre-war capacity over 1,300,000 tons), oil-crushing mills, non-ferrous metal works, several aircraft and aircraft component factories including important airscrew works, as,well as grain, and other foodstuff factories and storage centres.
Next in importance to the port proper comes the Harburg-Wilhelmsburg district, to the South, where big vegetable-oil plants, other foodprocessing factories, the huge grain and nroduce warehouses, chemical works and a well-known rubber-tyre factory are located.
Altona, on the northern bank of the Elbe, specialises more in light metal industries, including castings for aero-engines, but has also several other important industries and food-storage installations. In the i'nner port (Binnenhafen-Sandtorhafen), also on the Altona side of the port, lies the very congested chief warehouse area. A net of railway tracks connects this area with the Main Station of Hamburg.

One of the striking features of the central residential and commercial area of the city proper is the Alster Lake (actually a widened arm of the River gibe). The major(northern) portion of this lake is known as the Aussen-Alster (outer Alster), and the much smaller and narrower southern tip is called the Binnen-Alster (inner Alster). Crossing this portion is the Lombard bridge, which forms (or formed) the sole connecting link between the business district of the city and the large residential district to the West. The whole of the Binnen-Alster is now camouflaged.
Apart from the industries and warehouses located in the port area, Altona, and Harburg-Wilhelmsburg, there are numerous works, storage installations, etc. scattered about other districts of greater Hamburg.
The railway system includes nine major complexes of goods stations, marshalling yards, and sidings. Of these, five are situated in, or adjacent to, tfye port area. A sixth lies to the South of the Suder-Slbe (outside the port proper) stretching for about 7 km., roughly North to South, along the southern outskirts of Harburg, between the Gutmoor and the Wilstorf-Ronneburg district.
The remaining three goods yards etc. are in the Altona, Stellingen, and Barmbeck areas. All are connected with the Hamburg Central Station.
At the end of 1936 the railway-net measured 13& km.,the tramway system 232 km.
Transportation
Goods and Marshalling YardsHarburg-Wilhelmsburg(3)
The capacity of this yard is U,o00 waggons per 2U hours. This network runs North-South and lies West of Wilhelmsburg town and station. The lines leading out of the yards to the North connect with the Veddel Zollhafen and the Spree-Hafen. To the South the yards go a little below Wilhelmsburg station-
Goods and Marshalling YardsRothenburgsort(3)
(Billwarder Ausschlag)
The capacity of this yard is 3>300 waggons per 2k hours. The lines run from Billbrack in a southeasterly direction as far as Tief-stack station (a distance of about 2? km.).
Transportation (oont)
Goods YardHamburg-Sud, (3)
Kleiner Grasbrook
Starting a little Bast of the Kaiser Wilhelm Hafen, the yard stretches almost due West to East for a distance of about l£ km. ending in the Southern part of the Hansa Hafen.
Goods YardOberhafen, (3)
Hamburg-Altstadt
About l£ km. in length (East to
West) North of the Baken Hafen,
this goods yard connects, by a,
bridge over the Bill Hafen, with the
Rothenburgsort goods yard.
Marshalling Yards,RailwayHamburg-Gutmoor (2)
Workshops, and Sidinga
These yards consist of a stretch of about 7 km. of sidings, goods yards, etc. from Marckelfeld, in the South, to just short of the SÜder-Elbe, in the North (between the Gutraoor and R&nneburg districts).
Junction, Goods Yard, and
Rolling-stock shedsAltona(3)
These are situated in the-^North-west of Altona; they consist of a cross-shaped net of lines; those going North connect with the Stellingen-Langenfelde goods yards.-
Goods YardStellingen-Langenfslde (3)
This yard lies North-West of Altona and West of the suburbs of Stellingen and Langenfelde. It is nearly 2 km. in length.
Goods Yards and Sheds ofBarmbeck(3)
the elevated railway
This is a small yard situated between the Winterhude town park and the suburb of Barmbeck, Northwest of the Alster.
Public Utility Services
ElektrizitätswerkeTiefstack(2)
Owned by the Hamburgische Elektricitats-Werke A.G., this thermal power station is one of the two main generating stations supplying the city of Hamburg.It is situated in
Elektrizitätswerke (cont)Tiefstack
the docks area to the East of the town where the Elhe-Bille and the Moorflether canals Join the Holzhafen. Built in 1915 it has recently been extended by the addition of very high-pressure boilers and superimposed turbines. The station supplies steam to a district-heating system mainly for the surrounding area of Bille. It has an installed capacity of 129 MW.
There are no long-distance supplies but there is a substation for 25 JCV and 30 kV 3-phase A-C. and alBo for D.C. Supplies are given to the tramway system, to parts of the inner towns, to the elevated railways, and the local State railways.
There are 25 kV underground cables connecting to Bille, Barmbeck, and Carolinenstraase; and 30 kV lines connecting to Bergedorf and to Lübeck via Bargeteheide. The station is also connected to the Neuhof generating station.
ElektrizitätswerkeNeuhof (2;
This thermal power station, alBO owned by the Hamburgische Elek-tricitäts-Werke A.G. is the second main power station supplying the city of Hamburg. It is situated in the Neuhofer Canal adjacent to the railway sidings south of the Oderhafen. It has an installed capacity of 130 MW.
The station was opened in 1926 and was designed to have an ultimate capacity of 300 MW. The last known extension was in 1931 and brought the capacity of the station to 130 MW. It is thought probable that some further increase in capacity has been made since that date.
A transformer and switching house is attached to the machine house.
The station is connected to the Hamburg city supply network and the other local generating stations by medium- and low-voltage cables. So far as is known, no high voltage overhead lines are connected.
Elektrizitätswerk Unterelbe A.G.Schulen (2)
When in 1927/28 the capacity of the existing 26 MW Neumühlen power station became too small to supply the area North and North-West of Altona and Altona proper, a western suburb of Hamburg, this company built a power station at Schulen which was planned for an ultimate capacity of l60 MW. Its present installed capacity is 80 MW. The station is situated just East of the town of Schulen, 10 miles West of Altona and 13 miles West of Hamburg.
ElektrizitätswerkeAltona
(Ruckertstraase) (3)
Owned by the State Railways this plant is on the railway line which runs North out of the Altona Junction, and it supplies Altona and district. Its capacity is estimated at 30 MW.
Hochbahn Power StationBarmbeck(3)
The plant lies in the Hellbrooker-strasse, and supplies Hamburg's elevated railway. Its capacity is estimated at 30 MW.
Neumuhlen Power StationNeumühlen
On the Northern shore of the Unter Elbe Just East of the Fischerei-Hafen, Altona, this station is used only for peak load. Capacity is estimated at 2& MW.
ElektrizitätswerkeHarburg-WilheLnsburg (-)
This station is located on the central basin of the three docks on the Southern shore of the Suder-Elbe, opposite Hoheshaf. The capacity is estimated at 12 MW.
Preussen-Elektra Switching Station H&rburg-Gutmoor (3)
This station lies on the Easternmost railway line of the Harburg-Gutmoor Marshalling yards, at a point about 1 mile South-east of the Harburg-Phoenix Rubber factory No further details are available.
Altonaer Gas- u. WasserwerkeAltona (3)
G.m.b.H.
In 1936 the main gasworks in Altona/
Bahrenfeld made 880 million cubic feet of gas. In addition, 150 million cubic feet of gas were purchased from
Altonaer Gas- u. Wasserwerke
G.ra.b.H.(cont)Altona (3)
,the Hamburger Gaswerke. The company
was taken over by the Hamburger Gaswerke in 1938.
Hamburger Gaswerke G.m.b.H.
In 1936 the company's three gasworks, which are listed below, made 6,800 million cu.ft. of gas and purchased a further 510 million cu. ft. from the Norddentsche Kohlen- und Coks-Werke A.G. coking plant. In 1939 long-distance gas supplies were being made to 53 places outside Hamburg proper, including the formerly Independent works at Bergedorf.
GasworksBarmbeck(3)
(Osterbeckstr.)
The Barmbeck works of the Hamburger Gaswerke lies in the Osterbeckstr.,
South of the Osterbeck Canal.
GasworksGrasbrook(3)
The Grasbrook plant of this company is situated by the Grasbrook Hafen, where the Baken Hafen joins the Holder Elbe.
GasworksTiefstack(3)
The Tiefstack plant lies at a point where the Elbe Canal joins the Holz Hafen (East of Rothenburgsort).,
X Hamburger Wasserwerke G.m.b.H Billwarder Ausschlag (-)
These water-purification works have 6 pumping engines, pumping 30,000 cbm. of water per day into U storage containers.

X The figures relating to the waterworks at Hamburg are based on official German publications of 1936. The total sales of the Hamburger Wasserwerke G.m.b.H. and Wasserwerke Hamburg-Ost in 1936 were over 71 million cu.m.
Public Utility Services (cont)
träfen:
WasserwerkeBillbrools^Tiefstack) (-)
Theee are artesian wells, 250 m.
deep, yielding 13 million cbm..toper annum equal to 21 per cent.ton
of Hamburg's total pre-war waterin
consumption. Filtering and puri-uai
fication plants also included inhere
the works.
irierrai
Pumping StationCurslack(-)
(18 Km. S.E. of Hamburg,horifeu
This is a large combined pumpingrtie
station and water-purification]
plant with .a capacity to supplyits
90,000 cbm. per day. In the catch-
ment area there are 260 separateu,
wells operated in two distincttiw
pumping stages. The purified waterp<
is conducted by two mains to the Rothenburgsort pumping station into
capacity. Curslack station, together with the Billbrook plant (see above), meets 75 per cent, of the town's requirements.
Pumping StationRothenburgsort (-)
This plant has 12 pumps with a maximum capacity of 23,000 cbm., pumping straight into town mains.
a collecting basin of 14.0,000 cbm.^

Pumping StationCuxhaven

This station has a oapaclty to supply one million cbm. per annum plus a further 85,000 cbm. which is supplied to shipping.

0:
Norddeutsche Kohlen- und Cokeswerke
H amburg-P e ute (3)
This coking plant is situated opposite the Norddeutsche Affinerie. In 1938 it had 80 coke ovens and a maximum rated dry coal capacity of 249000 tons per annum. Nearly all the surplus gas produced here wa sold to the Hamburger Gaswerke.
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
Norddeutsche AffineriePeute
This is the most important oopper smelting and refining unit in Germany.
Its smelting and blast furrtaoes treat imported ores, matte, and concentrates, as well as imported scrap. The refineries treat blister oopper and imported high-grade scrap. In 1938, the plant had an estimated capacity for electrolytio refining of 90,000 tons per annum and a capacity for fire refining of 30,000 tons per annum.
Before the war, an appreciable quantity of nickel was recovered from fire-refined and electrolytio copper produced by other German refineries and, by means of the process of recovery employed at Norddeutsche Affinerie, some 3?0 tons of metallic nickel were produced annually before 1938 from these sources.
^his refinery was also engaged in recovering metal from the increased nickel coinage minted in 1933 when the coinage was recalled in l;39.
Since there is no great reservoir of nickel scrap to be drawn upon in Germany, it is probable that present production of recovered nickel amounts to only 5P[j of capacity, which is estimated at 500 tons of metal per annum. Some nickel may also be produced direct from Petsamo ores, in a small smelter which formerly treated Itoroccan nickel-cobalt ores.
These works also include a lead refining plant which had an annual capacity of 36,000 tons .before the war. Other installations are a small cobalt refinery and sulphuric acid plant. The latter is estimated to have had a capacity of 40,000 tozis per annum in 1938.
Zinnwerke/
(l)
Non-Ferrous /fetal Manufacture and Fabrication (Co-itd)
Zinnwerke Wilhelmsburg G.m.b.H.
This plant is believed to be fully equipped to deal with all type3 of cop.ier, including scrap alloys. Its pre-war capacity was 20,000 tons of copper produced by the electrolytic refining process and -1-0,000 tons produced by the fire-refining process.
Metallwalzwerk Georg Dittman
Wilhelmsburg (2)
Hamburg(3)
Ztsuit

it i isst a'
This copper refining plant employs the fire-refining process. It is engaged mainly on the treatment of plant scrap. Its pre-war capacity was 10,000 tons per annum. Included in the woiks is a small fabricating plant.
Norddeutsche Leichtmetall &Altona(3)
Kolbenwerke, G.nub. H.
This firm of light-metal alloy fabricators is reported to be engaged on the manufacture of Joints, sections, etc. and reports suggest that one of these departments manufactures aero-engine pistons.
Hamburger Bleiwerk A.G.Hai&urg(3)
(Suderstrasse)
This small firm is believed to be engaged on the manufacture of aluminium castings.
Kupferhütte Kr tel Bieber, A. C.
This small copper foundry treats pyrites cinders for production of copper sulphate. No details are available regarding its capacity.
ILSieg (vorn.Sieg &. Henningsen )
Altona(-)lt'
(Oeversee Strasse)

Reiherstieg(-)

These are lead rolling mills also producing finished and semifinished articles.
to-
te
Liquid/
Rhenania-Ossag Mineraloeiwerke A. G.Harburg (1)
This is the largest and most important oil refinery in Germany. Its estimated capacity is 550,000 tons per annum.
In 1939, a polymerisation plant was installed for the production of high-grade aviation lubricating oils. Adjacent to the refinery, and forming part of the factory site, are a large number of storage tanks which are believed to have a total storage capacity of 272,000 tons. .
Rhenania-Ossag liineraloelwerke A.G.Grasbrook (2)
This refinery includes a grease plant, solvent de-waring plant, and installations for the blending of aviation lubricating oils. It serves as a complementary plant to the Rhenania-Ossag Works at Harburg, from which it receives distillates.
The refining capacity of this plant is estimated to be 130,000 tons per annum.'
Adjacent to the plant are storage facilities believed to be capable of holding 121 ,000 tons.
Europäische Tanklager & Transport(3)
A.G. ("Eurotank") Petroleum Hafen
Prior to the war, this refinery had a capacity of 400,000 tons per annum.
Reliable intelligence tends to show that the refinery i3 now inactive, but it is believed that the storage installations, which have an estimated capacity of 100,000 tons, are in use.
Harburg (-)
Ebano Asphaltwerke A.G.
This plant is believed to be inactive.
Its prewar capacity was L00,000 tons per annum. It operated primarily for asphalt, but could also carry out primary distillation at a rats of
400,000tons per annum. The site includes storage facilities which are estimated at 100,000 tons and are also believed to be inactive.
Wilhelmsburg (3)
Deutsche Petroleum A. G.
The capacity of this refinery ia believed to be of the order of 70,000 tons per annum The storage facilities have a capacity of approximately 95'000 tons.
Ernst/
Ernst Schliemann's OelwerkeGrasbrook(3)
This is a lubricating-oil plant producing white oils as wall'a 3 ordinary lubricants. Its capacity is not definitely known, but is believed to be relatively small. The works rr-inde storage facilities for
40,000tons.
-Julius Sohindler Oelwerke G.m.b.H.Wilhelmsburg
This is primarily a lubricating-cil plant, but is believed to include also a small distillation plant.
The total, capacity is estimated to be 1'0,000 tons per annum and equivalent storage facilities are situated within the factory site.
Deutsohe Vacuum Oel A.G.Schulau (near Wedel
15 km. W.N.W. of Hamburg) (2)
This plant inoIndes facilities for re-running, blending, and grease compounding. It supplies a large proportion of all high-grade greases used, in Germany and ia therefore of greater importance than is indicated by its size. The total oapaoity of this plant is estimated to be 35,000 tons per annum.
Deutsch-Amerikanische Petroleum Ges. Schulau(-)
This is a small re-running plant, but there is no firm evidenoo that it is active. Its prewar capacity was 10,000 tons per annum and there are storage facilities of 30,000 tons capxacity.
Mln:-raioel ' Asphalt werke A.G.Osternoor(-)
(!,:.A.W.A.G. )
This plant, which, prior to the war, operated mainly for iaphalt, is believed to be inactive. Its prewar capacity to.s 150,000 tons p.a.
Note:Prior to the war Hamburg was of great
importance as an oil-storage centre.
The principal concentration of storage facilities are installed at the Oelhafen. Hamburg'3 total storage facilities amounted to 1,600,000 tons, which figure includes the storage capacities mentioned under the individual refineries listed above. It is not known to what extent any of the storage facilities in the Hamburg area are being utilized and there is reason to believe that many of the storage plants not directly connected with the refineries are inaotive.
Draegor Werke/


Draager WerkeWandabeck (3)
Draager Werke of Lübeck purchased a plant in Wandsbeck for the manufacture of submarine cleaning apparatus in 1936. In 1941 it was reported to employ about 200 workers.


Hansa-Motorenfabrik Gustav Altmann
This firm specialises in the manufacture of electric motors and wireless generators for submarines.
Altonav3)
(Kruppstr.)
Conz.Elektrizithts G.m.b.H.Bahrenfeld (3)
(Gasstr.}
iirtik
Echo sounding gear for submarines and similar devices are made by this firm which is also engaged on the repair and maintenance of this type of equipment.
Note; There 1 s under "'Engineering11 an additional number of firms partly engaged on the manufacture of finished or semi-finished products for the Naval and Mercantile shipbuilding industry.
[)
Shipbuilding Blohm & Voss
SteinwBrder (1)
This is the most imports-t shipbuilding yard in Germany, and is engaged on the construction of warships of all types, including submarines, as well as motor vessels and cargo steamers. Incorporated within the site of this shipyard are large general-engineering works, primarily engaged on the building of Diesel engines, steam engines, and boilers. The yards have 8 slips of 250 to 926 ft. , 7 floating docks (three of which were sunk in the course of the R.A.F. raids in July 194-3), and a 1,000 ft, graving dock. The graving dock is still under construction, and when completed will be the only one of its kind in Hamburg. It is estimated that in 1943 this plant (i. e, shipbuilding yards and engineering works combined) employed between 15,000 and 17,000 workers.
Deutsche Werft A. G.
Fink enwärder ( 2 )
These shipbuilding yards consist of 6 slips of 600 ft. , which are extendable up to 750 ft. There is also one floating dock. During the wax these yards have specialised in the construction of 740-ton type submarines. Other types of vessels constructed here on a fairly large scale are tankers, and the yards are also well known for their motor-vessel output.
Deutsche Werft A. G.
Reiherstieg '(2)
These yards specialise on the construction of escort vessels, minesweepers, freighters, tankers, and other craft. As from 1941 on they were partly engaged on the construction of tank landing craft, but it is believed that this activity has now ceased. Another imp. rtant activity at this yard i3 the repair of vessels of similar types to those constructed here. The yards have two slips of 330 to 500 ft. and 4 floating docks.
In 1941 some 3 OCX) workers were employed.
Kowaldtswerke, A. G.
Vulcan Yard (2)
Prior to the war this yard specialised in the building of large j>assenger vessels and motor vessels. In the course of the war the construction of submarines, mainly of the 500-ton type, was taken up on a considerable scale. The yards consist of three slips of 650 ft, and four floating docks. Also within the site of these yards are Diesel engine construction and general machine shops. The Diesel engines built here are of the ÜA.N. type. It is believed that in 1943 some 6,000 workers were employed.
Norderwerft/
jotiswf

Prior to the war these yards were engaged on the construction of 3mall motor vessels of various types, fishing vessels, and trawlers. In the course of the war auxiliary war vessels, particularly aircraft salvage ships, have been built. The yarns consist of 4 slips up to 250 ft. and one broadside slip, as well as one floating dock. In addition there are 2 patent slips of 25 and 100 ton3 respectively, which are employed for the building of trawlers. In 1939 soma JM workers were employed at these yards. Reports suggest that, this number increased to a little over 1,000 in th' course of the war.
H.C.Stricken & SohnBteinwärder (3)
Since 1940 this yard has concentrated mainly on the building of 500-ton type submarines, as wall as 600-ton minesweepers. Prior to the 'var small freighters were the principal type of craft built here, but it is believed that this activity ceased early in 1940' The yard consists of three slips of 300 ft. and 4 floating dooks. Early on in tht war some 1,500 workers were employed. It is believed that this figure has not been considerably increased.
Kamburgisohe Schiffbau Versuchsanstalt
Hellbrook near Barmbeck

This is a small research and design establishment, engaged on work in connection with merchant vessels on behalf of the Hanburg shipbuilding industry. It is believed that the establishment is small and of relatively- minor importance.
Schnelldampfer Co. of Berliner LloydTillhafen (• • of
BillwÄrder Ausschlag;
This company operates approximately 30'•”)
river vessels, chiefly on the Elbe River,
between Hacburg and Dresden, -his Hamburg
plant is mainly engaged on the repair of
ships' engines, boilers, and other
equipment. Prior to the war some 300
workers were employed.

Air.raft
Aircraft and Aero 'Engines
Blohm &VossFinkenw&rder( 2)
1his plant is believed to be engaged on the > manufacture of air—frame components and the assembly of B.V.-type seaplanes. It is reported that these wo rice -were formerly in-installed at the Osthalle shipbuilding yard.
Blohm &VossSteinwÄrder(3)
The manufacture of components for B.V.-type seaplanes is believed to be undertaken by this plant on a small scale.
Blohm &VossWorthdamni(-)
•^his plant is reported to be engaged on the manufacture and assembly of major components for Doroier-type aircraft, which are said to be supplied to the works at Wentzendorf (see below),
Aircraft Assembly 4 Components FactoryWentzendorf(-)
It is reported that a new aircraft assembly . plant has been erected at Wentzendorf, and is also engaged on the manufacture of minor aircraft cosoponents. Reports also suggest that components are received from the'B.V. works at Worthdajam. There is no confirmation of these reports.
Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke A.G. (V.D.M.) Altona/Bahrenfeld (2)
and
Gross Borstal (l)
The Bahrenfeld works of this company are situated in two former cigarette factories, which have been extended since they were acquired by the V.D.M..
The Gross-Borstel plant has been erected in the course of the war. Both plants are engaged on the manufacture of air-screw blades, hubs, propeller shafts, and sundry accessories; and assemble complete.propellers. They are oredited with a high proportion of the total German propeller output.
Humboldt-Deutz-Motoren Reparaturwerk Gjm.b.H. Moorfleth (2)
This plant is believed to be engaged on the repair of radial air-cooled engines, as well as on the manufacture and complete assembly of engines. The works is equipped with 10 aero-engine test beds, and üs believed to have a relatively small serial production of 3.M.W.
801-type a<,ro-engine3 which are effpplied to the Tutow and Aachersleben aircraft-assembly works.
(This works has also been referred to as the KIBckner Flugmotorenbau G.m.b.H.)
H. liaihak/
H.Maihak, A. GHamburg(2)
(G-eibelstr.)
This small undertaking manufactures fuel-feed pumps and fuel-consnaption indicators for aircraft.
B,M.WaHamburg(-)
(Larupchaussee)
It hi 9 been reported tlt the B.M.VY. company have built a new factory near to the air field at Larupchauasee, which ia said to have coioe into operation in September 1942 and to be engaged exclusively on the repair and maintenance of engines for the Ju.52. The reports are not satisfactorily confirmed.
Leichtmetallbau G.m.b.H.Hamburg(3)
(Larupchauasee)

It is believed that this fiprc manufactures fuel and oil containers for aircraft, as well as pilots' seats and a variety of other small accessories for aircraft.
Engineering and Armaments
Note: A number of engineering firms specialising on,or exclusively engaged on, equipment and components for the shipbuilding industry are listed in the foregoing section under "Shipbuilding".
Theodor ZeiseAltona(3)
(Splchernstr.)
This firm is believed to be the second largest German manufacturer of ships' screws. They also make a variety of other engineering products.
Hanseatisches Kettenwerk,Hamburg-Ochsenzoll (3)
G.m.b.H. (H.A.K.)(opposite the Hochbahn
Station)
Reports suggest that this firm employed some 2,000 workers in 19U3 on the manufacture of shell cases and complete shells.
Vidal 4 Sohn, Tempowerkbostelbeck (3)
Major components for small types of armoured fighting vehicles are believed to be made by this works.
Vidal &Sohn,TempowerkHamburg(3)
(Am Radeland)
A.P.V's of small type are reported to be assembled at this works since 19i'l.
Vidal &Sohn,TempowerkHamburg(3)
(Langenhorn I.)
Tank tracks and other tank parts are reported to be made here.
C. PlathRahrenfeld(3)
(Luruper Heerstrasse)
This plant specialises in the ‘ manufacture of components for magnetic mines, and navigational instruments such as compasses, drift indicators, etc.
Bauer &SchaurteWandsbeck(-)

These are well known makers of precision instruments mainly of the navigational type. Reports suggest that the plant has'been transferred to Jagerndorf in Moravia.
Compemotor A.G.Bahrenfeld(3)
(Gas Strasse)
Electric motors, mainlyfor submarines, but alsosmalllathe
motors and other types are made by this firm.
Heidrenreich & HarbeckBarmbeck(2)
(Wiesendamm)
This firm is believed to make machine tools, particularly lathes, gear-cutting machines, automatic and wood working machines on a large scale. ,
Gebr. Leser, vorm. 0. Wittmann Hamburg (3)
(Wendenstrasse)
Armatures, special fittings and high-pressure gear for submarines and special ships' fittings are . made by this firm.
Moeller, Oehmichen & Co.Stellingen (3)
Ver. Barometer Fabriken(Jaguarstieg)
This firm specialises in the manufacture of measuring instruments particularly, altitude-recording
instruments.
"Messap", Deutsche Messapparate, Hamburg (3)
G.m.b.H.(Garstedterweg)
This firm is reported to be engaged on the manufacture of measuring instruments, particularly' aircraft gauges.
Kurbelwellen Werk, G.m.b.H.keinbeck (3)
Reports suggest that this small firm makes crankshafts for aero-and other engines.
Hans StillBillbrook (3)
(Llebigstrasse)
Ground intelligence Indicates that this firm is an important supplier of electromotor-aggregates to Naval shipyards.
C. H. F. Muller A.G.Fuhlbtittel (3)
(Philips-Valvo, G.m.b.H.)(kontgenstraase)
This undertaking is registered under both aforementioried nameB at the given address. It is believed to be engaged on the manufacture of X-ray tubes and equipment, fluorescent tubes, and similar apparatus.

Rubber and Tyres (c on t)
Tretorn Gummi u. Asbestwerke, A.G. Barmbeck (3)
Rubberised fabric and rubber shoe materials as well as asbestos products are made by this firm on a fairly large scale.
Deutsches Gummi-RegenerierWerkHamburg(3)
Wilhelm Golocndeck & Co.
This is a modern plant erected in 1937- The firm specialises in the production of reclaim for sale to rubber manufacturers and is believed to have a capacity of
7,300tons per annum.
Gustav BartschHamburg(3)
From a plant employing 20 workers in 1935, this plant had grown to one employing 1,000 in 1938. Bartsch is believed to be making solid tyres, rubber soles and heels, etc., mainly from reclaim.
Rubberoid Werke A.G.Hamburg-
Billbrook(3)
( and Wasungen Thuringia) The chief products of this factory are felt and asphalt roofing materials, insulating materials, and proofed tarpaulins for good6trucks.They also
make belting, brake linings, and other mechanicals. Their consumption of rubber is insignificant,. but they are important producers of this type of proofed material'. Early in the war (192+0) they employed about 1,000 workers.
Ernst Kah Vulkan-AnstadtHanburg/Altona (-)
Government-licensed re-treading concern with capacity to process 2+50 motor tyres monthly.
Ernst Kahnes Vulkan-BetriebHamburg/Wandßbek (-)
Government licensed re-treading concern with capacity to process 500 motor tyres monthly.
Metallgurami G.m.b.H.Hamburg/Harburg (-)
A producer of rubber-metal bonded parts. This concern is controlled by Harburger G.W.F. Phoenix and the Metallgummi plant is housed in the Phoenix works at Hamburg/Harburg.
Rubber and Tyres
New-York Hamburger Gummia) Hamburg/Harburg (2)
Waaren Compagnieand
b) Hamburg/Barnbeck (3)
The first works is more modern and normally employed about 1,000 workers. It produces footwear, hard rubber medical appliances, electrical insulation materials, and mechanicals.
The second works is the older plant, and employed about i+00 workers in the manufacture of footwear only.
Norddeutsche Asbest- undHamburg-Wandleben
Gummiwerke Kurt Weber & Co.
G.m.b.H.
Manufacturers of mechanicals, rubber-asbestos products, electrical insulation. In 1939 they employed 200 to 300 workers.
P. Panton Dampf-VulkanstaltHarburg/Wilhelmsburg
(-)
Government-licensed retreading • concern with capacity to process '675 motor tyres monthly.
Reichart & Co.Hamburg39(-)
This small, but well-equipped factory. Produced about600tons
of reclaim yearly beforethewar.
Pood Stuffs
F. Th'irl's Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken, A.G.
This is the largest edible-oil pro-, ducing firm in Germany. There are h separate plants in production and 3 additional properties; one pf the latter appears to serve for storage,
another used to house the fat -hardening department-, while the purpose of the third is not known.
The total seed-crushing and/or extractingxCapacity of their works in 1939 was 193,000 tons. The built-over land owned by the company covers an area of 119,000 sq. ra.
Harburg (3)
(Seehafen)
This is the largest of the Thorl plants.
Its pre-war activities were the production and refining of high-grade edible oils and fats.
F. Thörl's Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken, A.G. (cont)
Harburg (3) (Schlo8sstrasee and Gr. Schippeee)
Pressing plant, linseed oil refinery, oilcake factory, and varnish works.
Harburg (3)
(Dampfschiffsweg)
Extraction plant and fat-hardening plant.
Harburg (3) (Zitadelle)
Extraction of fatty acids, distillation, filtering, and lecithin plant.
Harburg (3)
(Lauenbrucker Deich)
"Fabrik Elbe" serves as storage warehouse,
Harburger Oelwerke Brinckmann & Mergell
This firm has two plants in the Harburg area and is the second largest producer of edible oils and fats in Germany. The total annual capacity of the two plants was 165,000 tons in 1938.
a) Manufacture and refiningHarburg (3) of edible oils and fats.
b)Hydrogenation of vegetable Harburg (3) oils.
Hansa-MÜhle A.G.Neuhoi-Wilhelmsburg (3)
The Hansa-MÜhle are producers of edible oils and fats. The plant covers an area of 260,000 sq,.m.
In 1938 the firm s capacity was 11+5000 tons.
Schlinck & Cie, A. G.Harburg-Wilhelmsburg
(formerly H. Schlinck(Nord)(3)
Schlinck & Cie transferred their Mannheim plant to Wilhelmsburg and enlarged the works considerably in 193Ö-1932, (especially the margarine plant), adding a modern boiler-house and power plant. The works occupy an area of 165,751+ sq.m, with a canal frontage of 550 m. They comprise: copra and oilcake storage, vegetable-oil refinery, vegetable- and cooking-fat refinery, margarine factory, soap factory, and numerous accessory plants. In 1938 the firm's seed-crushing capacity was 14.6,000 tons p. a.
Toepffers Oelwerke G.-m.b.H. Veddel (3)
This concern is a subsidiary of the Stettiner Oelwerke A.G. of ZÜllchow near Stettin. The plant covers 7,190 sq.m, of built-up ground and is reported to have produced about
80.000tons of edible oils and fats in 1938.
Noblee & Thärl G.m.b.H.Harburg (3)
This large plant was equipped in 1938 for crushing, extracting, and hardening edible oils.and fats at a rate of 128,000 tons per annum.
Norddeutsche Oelmuhlenwerke A.G. Altona (3)
This seed-crushing and extracting plant was built with a capacity of
32.000t•p.a 
Hamburger Freihafen
Lagerhaus GesellschaftHamburg (2)
This is the largest group of Hamburg's warehouses for colonial produce and general goods. The undertaking was formed in I885 following the incorporation of Hamburg in the German Customs area.
The Company's premises consist of the Renting Dept., Storage Dept., and the Quay Dept. The built-over terrain covered 51+919 sq.m, (all 5-6 storey buildings) on the Northern shore of the Elbe, and 55>650 sq.m, on the Southern shore. (1-2 storey buildings).
Hamburger Freihafen
Lagerhaus Gesellschaft (cont.) Hamburg (2)
The quay Installations covered a land area of approximately 2 million sq.m. (8I4. quay sheds in all 205 km. in length and 11 sheds for river craft - covering 56,000 sq.m.). The whole harbour serving the H. F.L.G. had in all 96 quay sheds 2lJ km. in length, with
730,000sq.m, storage space. In 1939 there were 1,200 cranes. In the course of the war many of these installations have been seriously damaged by air attack.
i.. 3 äseia frtc; ••a
to Bit tC
Bii
Hamburger Getreide Lagerhaus A.G. Harburg-
Wilhelmsburg and Hamburg (Kuhwarder, Reihe rdamm) (3)
The facilities of this company consisted of warehouses especially for grain. The Company's own property in Wilhelmsburg covered 17,718 sq.m, and included a quay, storage sheds with about 8,000 sq.m, space, and a storage capacity of
10,000tons.
Property on lease in Hamburg covered L000 sq.m, built-up, with a storage capacity of 35,000 tons. These installations were fitted with silos, and drying and cleaning installations. Most of these facilities have been damaged inthe course of air raids.
There are in Hamburg num rous grain silos and flour mills of which the following are believed to be the largest and most active:-
HamburgerMuhlenbetriebHarburg(-)
This is believed to be one of the largest German flour mills. It had a pre-war capacity of 150 tons per day.
A-PlangeHamburg(-)
This is the largest of the principal Hamburg mills. Its capacity in 1938 was 300 tons per day.
H.LangeHamburg(-)
H. Langeisthesecond largest flour
mill in Hamburg. Its pre-war capacity was 200 tons per day.
Hamburg (-)
Brotfabrik Elbe A.G
This is by far the largest bakery in the Hamburg area. In 1938 its capacity was reputed to be 100,000 loaves of bread per day. It then had a flour-storage plant with a capacity of h,000 tons.

HAMELN (Hanover)
55° 5' N. 9° 20' E: 410 miles: (29,000)
Hameln is on the right bank of the river Weser 20 miles S.W, of Hanover. The Weser is navigable at this point and Hameln has a small inland harbour. It is on the railway line from Hanover to Paderborn and three minor branch lines diverge at Hameln, one leading up the valley of the Weser, the second downstream to Löhne and the third through the Teutoburgerwald to Bielefeld. Hameln has a variety of industries, all on a small scale, such as bricks and tiles, flour milling and soap.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsHameln(3)
These are medium-sized repair shops undertaking mainly the repair of goods wagons.
HAMELN (Hanover) Contd.
TYPE Aid I^nR-TFl'TOi; Ob1 OBJECTIVES
LOCATION PRIORITY BATING
Engineering ar.d Armaments Concordia G.ra.b.K,
Mariental-
erstr.
(-)
The Eisen & Kartgusswerk Concordia G.nnb.H. are iron founders and specialise in chilled-iron rolls and casting moulds for metal rolling and also for the paper and robber industries.
2:.
Bids
tfam
Kaminski G.nub.H.
The Frank Kaminski G.m.b.H. manufacture iron and steel couplings.
Werftstr.
(-)
Textiles.Rayon Pulp ar.d Parer
SeidenwebereiHameln(-)
The Mechanische Seidenweberei are reported to have enlarged their silk eaving plant and to be making parachutes.

HAMM (Westphalia)
51° 40' N. 7° 50' E: miles: (56,000)
Hamm is one of the most vital centres for the railway traffic to the Ruhr. It forms a railway entrance from central and eastern Germany to the whole vast network of the Ruhr railway system. The chief activities of the town itself are concerned with the railway, but there are a number of wire and engineering works and a varnish factory, none of which is individually of importance. Hamm is also the centre of a group of important coal mines which feed the long-distance gas-supply system and a number of power plants, one of which is of great importance. These have been included in the list below.

Transportation
Marshalling lards
Hamm
(1)
These are the largest and best-equipped marshalling yards in Germany.In 1939 their capacity was 10,000 wagons in 2if hours. The greater part of the rail traffio to and from the heart of the Ruhr and Lower Rhine, Wuppertal, Lennetal, and Kftln districts passes through these yards and is here sorted for the numerous lines arving these most highly industrialised districts of Germany or for despatch to all other parts of the country, except the southern Provinces, and the extreme N.W. corner. It is a vital nerve centre of the German railway system.
'5C >.
ISr
Railway Junction
Hanrn
(2)
Hamm is not only the marshalling centre for the goods traffic but is also an important junction for all passenger trains proceeding between We stern Germany and Northern and Eastern Germany. Two main lines from the East
mee

ft!
HAMM (Westphalia) Contd.
TYPE AND BKSCRIPTIj;. ^ _Y „LOCATION PRIORITY
RAT IRQ
Transportation (Contd)
Railway Junction contd.
meet in Hamm, one coming through Bielefeld from the direction of Hanover and Berlin and the other through Lippstadt from the direction of Central Germany and Saxtory. A third important line reaches Hamm from Münster, to the N.E. West of Hamm these lines diverge into various arteries serving the Ruhr and the Rhineland.
Railway Repair ShopsHanm(3)
These repair shops, though extensive, are not of the first importance.
They carry out mainly the repair of goods wagons.
Public Utility Services
GersteinwerkStockum (l)
THE GERSTEINV.ERK thermal Power Station of the VEREINIGTE ELEKTRIZITÄTSWERKE WESTFALEN A.G. (V.E.W.) is located in the centre of the Cor.pany's supply system, and is the largest of their plants, with an installed capacity of 120 MV.. It is situated on the R.Lippe at Stootcum, A riles west of Hamm, at the N.E. end of the Ruhr industriell area, and is one of the fair main power stations supplying that area.
The station is operated as a base-load station, and is planned for an ultimate capacity of 200 MW. The plant contains two boiler-houses, a machine house containing 6 sad possibly 7 turbo-generator set3, (one having probably been recently added), an indoor substation, and a large open-air transformer and switching station.
A double-circuit 110 kV. lines connect to Münster,Recklinghaus6n,0ütersloh, and Unna
Two 50 kV. lines connect to Seim and Radbod and there is believed to be a line to Lünen.
There are no important local supplies, and the planned connection to the 220 kV. line from Herdecke to Lehrte has not yet been made.
Coal is supplied from the pits mentioned below.
Gas Supply/Municipal GasworksHaim(3)
Solid/
The long-distance gas-supply network of the Ruhrgas A.G. receives gas from all three of the coking plants mentioned under "Solid Fuels", and in addition there are the municipal gasworks which, in 193& purchased and sold 168 million cubic feet of gas.
LOCATION PRIORITY RATING

HAMM (Westphalia) Contd.
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTIVES
Solid Fuels
De Wendel & Cie (Heinrich Robert plant)Hamm(3)
The oot-1 pits and coking plant belonging to this firm are roughly to the S.W. of Hama near the village of Herringen. There are four pitheads. The output of coal in 1937 was 800,000 tons per annum. The coking plant attached to this mine has 200 ovens and an annual dry coal oapaoity of 128,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Westphalian gas network.
A power station with a capaoity of 23 MW. is adjacent to the coking plant and supplies power for the De Wehdel pits.
Hoesch A.G. Collieries and Coking PlantRadbod (3)
The Radbod coal mines of the Hoesch A.G. Dortmund are situated 2 miles to the W.N.W. of Hamm. There are five pitheads. The output in 1937 was 1,000,000 tons of coal. There is a coking plant attached to this mine with 132 ovens seid an annual dry coal capaoity of 110,000 tons. Gas is supplied to the Westphalian gas network.
A power station with a capacity of 13 MW supplies power for these coal pits.
Sachsen Collieries & Coking PlantHeessen (3)
The Gewerkschaft Sachsen belongs to the Mansf. .d A.G. ftir Bergbau und HTitten-betrieb in Eisleben and is situated in Heesser. a small town two miles N.E. of Hamm. There are two pitheads. The output before the war was 900,000 tons of coal per annum. There is -a coking plant attac' ed to this mine with 95 ovens and an annua dry coal capacity of 530,000 tons.
Gas is supplied to the Westphalian gas network. A Power station with a oapacity of 11 MW supplies power to these pits.

HANAU (Hesse Nassau)
50° 10' N. 8° 55' E: 410 miles: (21,000)
Hanau is on the right bank of the Main 10 miles East of Frankfort. The wain lines to Frankfort from Berlin and from Munich Join at Hanau before entering the Frankfort area. Hanau specialises in the wording of precious metals and in diamond polishing. There is also a large tyre works. The industries, though few in number, are of high relative value to the German war effort. In addition to thbse mentioned below, there are a number of smaller engineering v.-orks of no great importance.
Public Utility Services
Municipal GasworksHanau^
r.C.He
She
In 1936 the works made 162 million cubic feet of gas.

HANAU (Hesse Nassau) (Contd)
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION 0? 0BJKCTIV1-SLOCATION
PRIORITY
RATING
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
V.C.Heraeus G.m.b.H.Grünerweg,
The Heraeus works are leading specialists in the production and fabrication of platinum and other precious metals. Components for industrial apparatus, crucibles, electrodes, sheet platinum, platinum wire, and nets for oatalyst nitric-acid plants are among their products.
They are makers of high-teraperature ovens for laboratories and industrial use, electric contacts and rhodium-coated mirrors for searchlights. The experimental side of this firm's activities in connection with precious metal alloys gives it a unique position.
Both as a laboratory for secret research and as a production centra it is of the highest importance. It is now owned by Siemens & Halske.
Heraeus Quarzglas G.m.b.H.,Gxiinerweg
These are the leading German quartz glass blowers and makers of lamps and other quartz glass products. They also produce a substance known as rotosil which claimed to be an efficient substitute for quartz glass. The works are situated close to and West of the railway on the Eastern side of the town.
This factory site also includes the works of Heraeus Vacuumschmelze the present activities of which are not known.
G.Siebert G.m.b.H.Hanau
This firm, on a smaller scale, manufactures platinum products on the same lines as Heraeus. The works are near to the Heraeus factory. The municipal gas works lie between the two plants.
Engineering and Armaments
G.D.BrackerHanau
The G.D.Braoker SBhne Maeohinenbau A.G.
ere makers of lifts, hydraulic machinery, and machinery for the paper-making industry.
They employed some 200 workers in 1939
Pelissier Nachf.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(-)
Hindenburg
Anlage
(-)
The Maschinenfabrik A.Pelissier Nachf.G.nub.H. are makers of hydraulic presses, pumps ard accumulators.
Wilhelm Schwahn
This film manufactures cog-wheels and driving gears.
'"ilhelmstr.

HANOVER (Hanover)
52° 25' N. 9° 55' E: 425 miles: (450,000)

Hanover is on the trunk railway line from Berlin to the Rhinelund, Ruhr, Holland, Belgium and Northern France. It is a junction for an important branch leading from Central Germany, and has direct rail connections with Hamburg and Bremen. The Mittelland Kanal, one of the principal arteries of the North German waterways system, passes through the Northern outskirts of the town.
Hanover, which was formerly the capital of the Kingdom of Hanover, is a highly industrialised city and one of the chief commercial and administrative centres of Northern Germany, The main industries are engineering, rubber tyres, and armaments. The Continental rubber works are estimated to supply 80 per cent of Germany's aero tyre requirements, and the Hanomag factories are of outstanding importance in the manufacture of A.P.V.'s, J;un caniages, tractors, and military transport. There are a number of other large-scale industrial works, the products of which include wire and cables, A.A. and field guns, non-ferrous metal fabrication, accumulators, chemicals, and textiles. The industries are mainly grouped to the North West and West of the town. The area that extends from Brink (North of Hanover) Westwards along the Mittelland Kanal to Nordhafen and Sthcken has been selected for the development of several of Germany's now armaments plants. The Hackethal cable works, a large now accumulator factory, and now works of Continental and Hanomag, are included in this area. To the West of Hanover, in the suburbs of Leinhausen and Linden, are the parent works of Continental and Hanomag, and a number of other engineering works which are described below.
LOCATION FRIQRITL RATING
Seelze(2)
In Misburg, and outlying suburb three miles to the East of the city centre, is an important oil refinery, which has been built on the Western edge of an extensive oil field. Misburg has also been selected as the site for a recently-constructed ordnance factory. A small coalfield lies in the region of Barsinghausen, 8 miles to the South West of the town.
TTPE AND DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTIVES Transportation
Marshalling Lards
The largest and most important marshalling yards lie some 5 miles West of the town near the outlying suburb of Seelze. They had a capacity of 5,000 wagons per 24 hours in 1958.
Hainholz(3)
Henover(3)
Marshalling Lards
The marshalling yards in the North Western suburb of Hainholz can handle up to 2,100 wagons per 24 hours.
Goods Station
The main goods station is in the Northern part of Hanover. The area contains many large warehouses and storage depots.
Lehrte(2)
Linden(3)
Marshalling Lards
These important marshalling yards had a capacity of 4000 wagons per 24 hours in 1938.
Marshalling Lards
In 1938 these yards had a capacity to handle 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Railway/
TYPE AUD DESCRIPTION Or OBJECTIVES
Transportation (Contd)
Railway Repair Shops
These large railway workshops are situated in the North Western suburb of la in hausen. They undertake the repairs of all types of rolling stock and specialise in the repair and maintenance of passenger coaches.
Public Utility Servioes
Power StationAhlem
The thermal power station at Ahlem, 3 miles West of Hanover, is owned by the Preussische Elektrizi-t&ts A.G. (Preussenelektra), It has
an installed capacity of 54 MW. And is operated for peak load purposes.
The plant is situated on a branch of the Mittelland Canal. It includes a large boiler house, the machine house containing 4 turbo-generator sets, the switch house, and a substation.
A long-distance 100 kV line leads to the Company's important substation at Lehrte, thus linking up with the 220 W grid.
Local supplies are given at 6 kV, A5 kV and 60 kV.
LOCATION FRICRITY RATING
Leinhausen (3)
(2)
kmc ?l
.tOi
Power Station
Herrenhausen ( 2)
The thermal power station owned by the Hanover Corporation is situated in the new suburb of Herrenhausen and has an installed capacity of 50 MW.
A small hydro-electric power station, situated A miles to the S.E. on a stretch of water connecting the Seine and Ihme rivers, has an installed,oapacity of 3 -Iff, bringing the total capacity to 53 Uff.
The main plant contains two boiler houses,
5 turbo-generator sets, and a substation.
Electricity is distributed locally at 30 W and 5 kV via the substation. This station and the Ahlem generating station are directly connected and it is linked to the high-voltage grid via the Ahlem substation.
(3)
Hanover
Städtisches Gaswerk
In 1936 the municipal gasworks purchased 1,500 million cubic feet of gas from the Ruhrgas A.G. for local re-sale.
Solid/
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OF QBJECT1V3S
LOCATION PRIORITY RATING
Steinkohlenbergwerk
Barsinghausen (-)
Solid Fuels
Liquid Fuels Deurag
Kisburg
(1)
The ooalmine of the Steinkohlenbergwerk Barsinghausen G.nvb.H., a subsidiary of the Preuszische Bergwerks - und Hfttten-A.G., is near the small town of Barsinghausen son 8 miles South West of Hanover. In 1937 this colliery had an output of 250,000 tons. There is a lasdium-temperature coking plent with itO ovens of an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 185,000-tons, producing chiefly household fuel. Some 1,200 workers were employed in 1937.
The Gewerkschaft Deutsche Erdftl Raffinerie A.G. is a subsidiary company of Wintershall A.G.Eerlin, and its works are situated in the village of Misburg, which lies some 3 miles East of Hanover. This is an important refining concern which was formed to exploit the Hanover oilfield. The oilfield extends some 20 miles Eastwards from Misburg in the direction of Dollbergen. The refinery is estimated to have an annual capacity of 300,00G tons of oil, including high and low-grade lubricating oils.
There is another oil refinery at Dollbergen which is dealt with under the heading Peine.
Iron and Steel
EdelstahlwerkeLinden(3)
The parent works of the Deutsche Edelstahlwerke A.G. are in Krefeld.
The Hanover branch is situated in the South Western suburb of Linden and specialises in the production of high-grade alloy steels for the aircraft industry.
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
LeichtmetallwerkeLinden(2)
LeiohtmetallwerkeLaatzen(2)
including/
The headquarters of the important Vereinigte Leichtmetallwerke, which were formerly in Bonn, have now been transferred to Hanover. There are two factories of this concern in Hanover. The first is in Linden, the second in the Southern suburb of Laatzen. Each plant is reported to employ 2,000 workers on the manufacture of bomb components,
TYPE Aim nESCHlFTIOK OR OBJECTIVESLOCATION PhlCRITY
RkTIIiG
Non-Ferroud i/etal ?/anufacture and Fabrication (Contd)
Leichtmetallwerke
Contd)
including fuses and incendiary-bomb casings, and light-alloy sections and tubes for the aircraft industry.
The Linden factory has an estimated monthly output of 900 tons of aluminium products. The works at Laatzen are believed to produce 650 tons of rolled aluminium per month.
Aircraft and Aero-Engines
EisenwerkeBrink(2)
The Brinker Eisenwerke Max H.Mtiller is situated in the Northern suburb of Brink. It is an important aircraft repair depot and is reported to employ some 2,000 workers on the repair and maintenance of fighter aircraft.
Engineering and Armaments
HanomagLinden(1)
HanomagBrink(2)
The Hannoversche Maschinenbau A.G. vorm.Georg Egerstoff (Hanomag) is an old-established engineering firm which formerly manufactured main-line and narrow-gauge locomotives and steam engines, but which since 1930 has concentrated on their own type of motorcar and tractors and agricultural machinery. In recent years they have become highly-irnport&nt builders of tanks, ar.d heavy military vehicles.
In addition to the various heavy transport vehicles, Hanomag are also important producers of a variety of other heavy armaments products. They are reported to employ a total of at least 20,000 workers.
The parent works occupy a large area on either side of the Hamelnerstr. in the Bouth '.Yestem suburb of Linden. The Linden works have been developed into one of the major units of the German armaments industry, and they supply a large proportion of the requirements of tanks, armoured cars, gun carriages, artillery tractors and military transport of all kinds. In July 1942 this plant is said to have produced a total of 321 tanks, including 196 light and 123 medium tanks.
A second large factory has been recently completed in Brink to the North West of the city, and although reports indicate that the new works is entirely operated by the Hanomag concern the probability remains that at least parts of it are a Reichswehr ordnance depot. The/
tyfe a:o ji.o'jof tvi: t/::location priority
RATING
Etl ineeriiv and Armaments (Contd)
Hanomag
contd.
The factory at Brink, which it is believed was originally intended as a locomotive works, the manufacture of which had ceased at the Linden works in favour of heavy military transport has now probably the same range of products as the Linden works.
The shares of the Hanomag concern are mainly controlled by the Ter.Stahlwerke A.G. of Düsseldorf.
Hackathal A.G.Brink(3)
The Hackethal Draht Sc Kabelwerke A.G. is situated in the North Western suburb of Brink on the Northern side of the Mittelland Kanal. The company, which has a branch factory in Nürnberg, manufactures all types of wire and cable products, and before the war employed a total of some 1,230 workers. It is estimated that the factory has a wire and cable output of approximately 15,000 tons per annum.
Akkumulatoren FabrikStücken(lj
The Hanover Stücken Akkumulatoren Fabrik is situated in the outlying suburb of Stücken some A miles North West of the town. The plant, which is of considerable importance, has been constructed since the war, and lies on the Southern bank of the Mittelland Kanal about one mile "est of Nordhafen. The factory manufactures accumulators for submarines, of which it is reported to supply >£> per cent of the total German requirements.
Reports suggest that in April 1943 120 large and 75 small batteries were being produced daily. More than 1,000 workers are reported to be employed.
Dreyer,Rosenkranz & Droop A.G.Leisewits (3)
Günther Wagner
Podbiel- (3) skistr.
Before the war this firm employed some 450 workers on the i:anu-factsrs of all types of valves and pressure gauges.
Westinghaus/
The firm of Günther Wagner were formerly well-known makers of fountain pens, duplicating machinery, and all typos of office equipment. They are now reported to be employing some 800 workers on the manufacture of plastic products.
HANOVER (Contd)
TYPE AND ITKORTPTICM QP OBJECTIVE
i-jr^ng and Arn^n1^-^ (Cor.td)
Westinghaus-Brewsen Gesellschaft m.b.H.
This firm specialises in the manufacture of railway brakes and associated products

Linden(3)cd
The Kftrting Maschinen A Apparatebau-ühl
A.G. is believed to employ some
600 workers on the manufacture ofI:
radio sets mainly of the domesticSGC
type and intended for export purposes.5?
Lindener A.G.Empelde(3)incCs
The Lindener Zündhütchen & Patronen• jsrst
Fabrik A.G. have a large factory in the Southwestern suburb of Empelde, whioh produces cartridges and
detonators. A recent report suggestsj-M
that an additional plant belonging to^
this firm has been built underground near
to the Empelde factory.-
Eisenwerk WülfelWülfel(2)
The Eisenwerk Wülfel is in the Southern quarter of Hanover. It is an important conoem reported to employ some 2,500 workers on the manufacture of reduction gears and other transmission and gear components for tanks and A.F.V.'s.
Ordnance FactoryMisburg(")
A recent report indicates that a large Ordnance Faotory has been erected in Misburg on the Mittelland Kanal. The produots are said to include A.A. guns and guns for tanks. The latter are delivered to the Hanomag factory for assembly. Considerable numbers of foreign workers are recently reported to have arrived in the Hanover area ard the majority are said to have been drafted to this plant.
Berstoff G.m.b.H.buohholzerstr. (-)
The Hermann Berstoff Maschinenbau-Anstalt G.nub.H. are maicers of machinery for the rubber, cable, and plastics industries. They employed 300 workers in 1939.
Geldschrankfabriken A.G.Engelbosteler(-)
Damm
The Bodo-Panzer Geldschrankfabriken A.G. enploy some 600 workers on the production of all types of safes and strong rooms.

TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OP OBJECTIVELOCATION PRIORITY
RATINS
Rubber and Tyres (Contd)
Continental Gummiwerke A.G.Marienwerder (l)
This highly important rubber concern, which ha.a its headquarters in Hanover, holds the foremost place in the Axis production of rubber and synthetic-rubber tyres. The parent factory of the company is in the Vahrenwalder Strasse close to the rain railway goods yards and in the built-up area of the North West corner of the town. The Nordhafen plant is situated wst of the railway bridge over the Mittelland Kanal at Vinnhorst and on the South bank of the Nordhafen.
On the ^outh bank of the Mittelland Kanal to the West of the Stftcken Akkumulatoren Fabrik and near the village of Marienwerder is a new factory (the largest in this area) belonging to the Continental concern.
The fourth plant of the Continental is the former Excelsior Werke in Limmer in the Western quarter of Hanover.
The number of workers in the Continental plants is probably at least 23,000. The Nordhafen works alone are believed to employ 15,000 and one report states that a further 7,000 are employed at the new Marienwerder factory.
Productive capacities of the different •works are believed to be as follows: -
Vahrenwalder Gtr.
The estimted total pre-war capacity of this works (excluding bicycle and motor-cycle tyres) is believed to have been 35^,000 per month.
Estimated current output is 51,000 truck and motor tyres and 27,000 aero tyres per month.
Nordhafen.
^his is believed to be a mixing plant for synthetic rubber compound supplying the ready-compounded stock to Continental's other factories in the Vehrenwalder Strasse and at Marienwerder.
Lirar.er,
Thi is Continental's reclaim plan;--. It is also engaged on the production of cycle tyres and mechanical rubber goods.
Marienwerder/
TYPE AND RESCRIPT ION OP OBJECTIVELOCATION PRIORITY
RATING
Rubber ana Tyres (Contd)
Continental Gummiwerke Contd. Idarienwerdor
This plant has been built since the outbreak of v.-ar. It is believed to be one of the principal German tyre factories and is estimated to have a capacity of 75000 truck and motor tyres per month. Host other types and pneumatic tyres,solid tyres, certain specialised products, and a variety of general rubber goods are also believed to be made here on an important scale.
Note: Two further plants possibly belonging to the Continental concern are at Hanover-Seelze and Hanover-Linden,St&rke Strasoe. The Seelae plant i3 new and is probably not yet complete. It could be an alternative site for a reclaim plant, or may be simply for storage purposes. The Linden plant was formerly known as the Mitteland Gummiwerke A.G. liquidated in 1943 and believod taken over by Continental. Before the war the factory was engaged on the manufacture of mechanical rubber goods.
Hansens Gummi & PackungswerkeWülfel(3)
This firm makus mechanical rubber goods, electrical insulation hose, belting eto. Prior to the war some 600 to 700 workers were employed.
It is believed that since the war certain departments of the works have been converted to the manufacture of military and civilian gas masks.
HABüLIMGIIAUSBIi . Weatphalial
See under Hagen

HATTEKEK (Vi'ertohalia)
See under Bochum

HÄUSERN (BADT.N)
See under Waldshut


HEIDELBERG (Baden)
49° 25' N. 8° 50' E: 415 miles: (85,000)
Heidelberg, though chiefly known as a University town, has several industries. In addition to those mentioned below there are a number of smaller engineering works, makers of surgical and scientific instruments, cement works, and chemical factories.
Heidelberg lies in the narrow valley of the Neckar immediately before it leaves the hills and flows through the plain to join the Rhine at Mannheim 12 miles to the N.W.
rZPB AND IESCRXPTION OF OBJECTIVESLOCATION PRIORITY
SnftjasaiJflft Pfld ArmamentsRATPC
H. PuchsRohrbach (3)
Heii Wer.  sail
EH A®
The H.Fuchs Waggon Fabrik A.G. are makers of wagons of all kinds, especially tank and refrigerator railway wagons. They are reported to be the sole makers of a new type which is being much used on the German railways and which dispenses with longitudinal girders by rivetting the containers directly on to the bogies. Two-axle tankers of this type can hold 330 hectolitres and the four-axle type 600 hectolitres. Fuchs employed several hundred workers in 1939. Their works are in the suburb of Rohrbach, one mile south of Heidelberg,
StotzHeidelberg (-)
The Stotz Kontakt G.m.b.H., makers of electrical fittings, were reported in 1943 to be in process of transferring from Mannheim-Neckarau to Heidelberg.
Vereinigte Westdeutsche Waggonfabrik A.G.Heidelberg (3)
This firm is engaged on the manufacture of tank wagdns and railway trucks.

HEIDENAU (Saxony)
51° 58' N. 13° 53' E: 606 miles: (17,200)
Heidenau lies on the West bank of the Elbe 8 miles S.E. of Dresden and is on the main line fro;.. Dresden to Pirna. It is a small town of no industrial importance.
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OP OBJECTIVES
Public Utility
Gasworks
The Gasversorgung Ostsachsen A.G. > made in 1936, 420 million cubic feet of gas, which was supplied to no less than 107 localities.

HEIDENHEIM (Württemberg)
48° 40' N. 10° 10' E: 495 miles: (28,000)
Heidenheim is on the main line from Nürnberg to Ulm, 20 miles N. E. of Ulm. The chief industries are textiles and machinery and it is the market town for the surrounding agricultural district.
LOCATION PRIORITY RAT IJG
Heidenau
(3)
Engineering and Armaments
J.k.Voith
Before the war these works specialised in machinery for the paper and pulp-making industries and in water turbines. They are also designers and makers of a special marine propulsion device, which is universally known as the "Voith-Schneider" system. Several thousand workers are reported to be employed here, including a large proportion of foreigners.
The firm is believed to have a research department which is engaged on perfecting combustion engines of small volume.
J.Erhard
The Süddeutsche Armaturenfabrik Bronco und Eisengiesserei Johannes Erhard, makers of valves and fittings, including slide-valves, and flow meters and indicators were reported in 1943 to be employing some TOO foreign labourers. There were 800 workers in this factory in 1939
Max Ziegler
This firm is reported to be engaged on the manufacture of agricultural machinery and to employ 1,200 workers.
Heidenheim
Heidenheim
Heidenh'-im
Piltv'
(2)
(3)
(3)
KE IDENHEIM (Württemberg! (Contd. )
'ryPR ANTi TmaTPTPTTON OF OBJECTIVESLOCATION iyiORITY
~'RATING
gjffljg
Engineering and Armaments (Contd, )
Piltz & SohnFriedrichstr. (3)
F.piltz & Sohn K.G. re makers of equipment for thread grinding and grinding attachments.
Textiles and Rubber
Hartmann A.GHeidenheim(-)
The Paul Hartmann A, G, manufacture cotton wool, woven bandages, and surgical dressings. They employed some 800 workers in 1939.
Cattunmanufactur A. G.Heidenheim(3)
The Württemberg! sehe Cattunmanufactur A.G. are bleachers, dyers, and fabricators of silk, rayon, wool and cotton products. They employed some 1,800 workers in 1938 and are now reported to be engaged entirely on Government contracts, including the manufacture of parachutes,
Becker A.G,Heidenheim(3)
The Gummiwerke Becker A.G. are normally makers of rubber rollers and coverings for use in the paper and textile industry. They were reported in 1942 to be employing some 1 ,800 workers and to be concentrating on the production of gas masks.
Had!
la ic Tarda 2,00C

HEILBRONN (Wurttemberg)
49° 10' N. 9° 15' E: 443 miles: (73,000)
Heilbronn, the third largest city of Württemberg, is on the right bank of the Neckar 30 miles North of Stuttgart. It is on the main railway line from Würzburg to Stuttgart and is a railway Junction of some importance. The Neckar has been canalised for large barges as far as Heilbronn and the inland harbour is one of the main stations for this traffic. Heilbronn is the centre of a salt-mining area. In addition to several engineering works the industries include furniture and papermaking. The neighbouring town of Neckarsulm, 4 miles to the North, is included with Heilbronn in the list below.
TYIS AND DESCRIPTION OF A3JlCTr~E
LOCATION PRIORITY RATING
Tranaportation
Inland Harbour
Heilbronn (3)
The docks on the Neckar are mainly in the West of the town, but two large new docks hare been built at the northern end close to Neckarsulm. The project connecting the Neckar with the Danube at Ulm has not yet been fully carried out but between Mannheim and Heilbronn this canal system is in full operation and a large traffic is handled.
Railway JunctionHeilbronn (3)
The main line from North to South is Joined inside the town area by an important branch line from Btlmberg via Crailsheim, The main railway station is on the right bank of the river close to the inland harbour.
The railway to Stuttgart crosses the river Neckar immediately W. of the main station, and a branch line diverging at this point leads to Eppingen and Karlsruhe.
Marshalling YardsHeilbronn(3)
In 1939 the Heilbronn Marshalling Yards had a capacity to handle 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Public Utility Services
Municipal GasworksHeilbronn(-)
This works made 2k0 million cubic feet of gas in 1936, of which 27 million cu. ft. was sold to Neckarsulm,
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and Fabrication
Karl Schmidt G. m. b, H.Neckarsulm(3)
This firm is among the leading German makers of aluminium pistons.
Other products are aluminium alloys and coatings and gas and oil burning furnaces.
N. S.U. Werke A.G
Neckarsulm (2)
Engineering and Armaments
These large works increased their activity very rapidly in the years preceding the war. Their chief products are motorcycles and light military transport. In 1942 they were reported to employ some k ,000 workers.
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OP OBJECTIVELOCATION PRIORITY

Engineering A Armaments (Contd)
P.C.WeipertWeipertstr.(3)
The firm of Ferdinand C.
Weipert employed, in 1938, some 1(00 workers and made lathes, planing machines and machine tools.
UasohinenbaugesellschaftBadstr.()
This firm makes agricultural machinery, steam ploughs, oil burning motors for agricultural tractors and steam rollers.
Krayl & Cross
J, Weipert & Sbhne
loepff
Hi.
Jen
 RATING
Both these firms are makers of agricultural machinery such as threshing machines, chaff and beet cutters, wine-presses, and ploughshares.
Weisser & Co.Salzstr.(-)
The Eugen Weisser & Co. K.G. make lathes, planing and boring machines,cylinder borers, and other machine tools.
Wolff & Co.Heilbronn(-)
The Jul.Wolff & Co.G.m.b.H. are makers of cranes, lifts, winding gear, and rollers. They employed some 200 workers in 1938.
Klipper Asbestoc Co..Heilbronn (-)
The Klipper Asbestos Co., manufacturers of gaskets and sparking plug washers, are reported to have a factory.in Heilbronn. They belong to the Robert Bosoh concern.
Chemicals and Explosives
Kali Chemie A.G.Heilbronn (3)
Koepff/

These are etiong the larger chemical works of the Kali Chemie concern. They produce soda ash and ammonium carbonate. They exploit the large salt and brine deposits in the neighbourhood of Heilbronn and have their own brine well in Bedingen on the left bank of the Neokar opposite Heilbronn. The works have a railway goods yard and quays on the Neokar. It is estimated that in 1941 this works produced 200 tons of soda a3h per day (or 'y/° of the total production of Germany proper) .
TO aid Pmscinpi io;; op obaactive
LOCATIOi: PiJOItlTY RATING
Chemicals and Explosives (Contd)
Heilbronn (-)
Koepff Sfthne
This firm is one of the leading German makers of gelatine for photographic films and plates.
Heilbronn ( -)

Salzwerk Heilbronn A.G.
This is a company formed by the city of Heilbronn to work the salt mines belonging to the Municipality. Some 5G0 workers were employed in 195?.
Food Stuffs
C.H. Knorr A.G.Heilbronn (-)
This firm, whose chief works are at Heilbronn, is a well-knowi maker of patented foods and milk preparations for infant and invalid diet. Oatmeal, soup cubes, and macaroni are among their other products.

HEIBRICHBURG (Westphalia)
(See under Castrop-Rauxel)

HELMSTEDT (Brunswick)
52° 15' N. 11° E: 480 miles: (18,000)
Helmstedt is 20 miles E. of the town of Brunswick on the main line to Magdeburg. There are large brown-coal deposits in the neighbourhood. Helmstedt has various engineering works which make chiefly machinery for the soap industry, and other small factories of which none individuell of note. Three miles S.E. of Helmstadt near the village of Harbke is one of the principal power stations in Western Germany.
Public

HEUSTEDT (Brunswick) Contd)
T'CTE Aid DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTIVELOCATION PRICRITX
Public Utility Services
Power StationHarbke (l)
The important plant which comprises the power station at Harbke and the two transformer and switching stations Harbke I and XX is situated about 3 miles S.2. of Helmstedt and. midway between Brunswick and Magdeburg. With an installed capacity of I36 MW, this is one of the principal power stations in Western Germany. The Braunschweigische Kohlen Bergwerke A.G. (BKB), the owning company, represents the interests of the Elektrowerke A.G. (EWAG) and Preussische Elektrlzit'Ats A.G. (PEA). The station provides power for the main distribution networks of both conipanies. It also gives supplies to the Elektri^thtswerk Sachsen-Anhalt (ESAG) and the Uberlandzentrale Helmstedt A.G., in addition to B.K.B.'s mines and briquetting plants.
The main plant includes 3 boilerhouses, the generator house containing 4 turbo generator sets, and an open-air transformer and switching substation for 220 kV and 110 kV which is known as Harbke I substation.
Harbke II transformer station, 1? miles west of the main plant, is part of the main grid and can be brought into use as a standby for Harbke I. substation in the event of damage. This station contains plant for 220 kV and lower voltages in duplication to Harbke I. Harbke II is in process of construction and Harbke 1 is being extended. On account of its connection to several supply systems the Harbka complex occupies an important strategic position in the general network of the country. To the N. it is the main eastern connecting point of EWAG and the western connection of PEA. On 220 kV long distance lines it connects to the E. with Magdeburg, to the S. with the 56 MW station at Gross Kayna, and to the W.
with the switching station of Lehrte.
There is a 110 kV line to Krottdorf, and local supplies are given at 50 MV and 15 kV.

Brown coal is supplied from nearby mines (see under Solid Fuels).

HERNE (Westphalia)
51° 35' N. 7° 15' E: 315 miles: (96,000)
Herne is situated in the industrial area of the eastern end of the Ruhr, and lies between Bochum to the south, Recklinghausen to the north, Castrop Rauxel to the east, and Wanne Eickel to the west. Its industry oentres around the nearby coal-mines and associated coking and chemical plants. The most important collieries, coking plants, and chemical works are listed below. In addition, transport facilities at Heme are good; the Rhine-Home Canal flows immediately to the north of the town, and the East-West railway route from Castrop-Rauxel and Dortmund to Gelsenkirchen passes through it.
TYPE AND DESCRIPTION QF OBJECTIVES.LOCATION PRIORITY
RATING
Transportation
Railway marshalling yardsHeme(3)
These yards are situated to the North-East of Kerne main railway Btation. In 1938 they had a capacity of 2,400 wagons per 24 hours.
Canal locksHeme
These are the sixth set of twin locks on the Rheln-Heme oanal.
Canal locksHeme(3)
These are the seventh set of twin locks on the Rhein-fleme oanal.
Publlo Dtilitles
Power stations
Power at Heme is obtained chiefly from the HWE grid, to which are connected several generating stations belonging to companies operating coldng plants and collieries in tho neighbourhood of the town (see under Solid PViels).
The largest of these are given below:-
1.EERGkANIBGLHCK Power Station - 14
(3)
2.MINT CENIS POWER STATION - 20 JW.
3.GRAF BISluARCK power station - 23 l®1
4.CONSOLIDATION power station - 34 l®7
Gasworks/

HEYDEBRECK (Silesia)
50° 20' N. 18° 15' E: 800 miles: (6,500)
Heydebreck is a small town situated to the east of Kosel and the west of Bleohhammer. Its railway marshalling yards and repair shops, listed below, are of importanoe as they serve the two large oil plants at Bleohhammer North and South. There is little industry in Heydobreck and none of individual importanoe.
tytv. atm rRSfiRTPriON OP OBJECTIVELOCATION PRIORITY
 RATINC
Transportation
Marshalling Yards, Railway Workshops and Junction
Heydebreok (2)
The marshalling yards lie north-two st of the Blechhamraer South synthetic oil plant and to the south-east of Kosel. They are believed to have a capacity of 2,500 wagons per 24 hours. The North-South railway lino from Breslau to Bogumin, the line fromGleiwitz and the Upper Silesian industrial region to the oast, and the line from Neustadt to the West, form a Junotion at the northern end of the marshalling yards.

HILDEN (Rhineland)
51° 10' N. 6° 55' E: 305 miles: (22,000)

Hilden is 7 miles S.E. of Düsseldorf. Apart from the works mentioned below there are no industries of importance.
Engineering end Armaments
Deutsche RbhnenwerkeHilden(3)
The Deutsche Rührenwerke A.G.
(Poensgenwerk) whose nain works are in Düsseldorf-Lierenfeld, have a branch faotary in Hilden engaged on the manufacture of tubes and fittings.

HILDESHEIM (Hanover)
52° 10' N. 10° E: 435 miles: (65,000)
Hildosheim is 20 miles S.E. of Hanover and is a railway Junction of some importanoe. The town centre is largely built of half-timbered houses and has preserved its mediaeval character. There are various industries, mostly in the hands of small undertakings. In addition to the works mentioned below the town's activities include the manufacture of agricultural machinery and a sugar refinery.

TYPE AND DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTIVE
LOCATION
PRIORITY
RATING
Transportation
(3)
Railway JunctionHildesheim
Hildesheirn is on the main line from Berlin via Magdeburg to West Germany. This is an alternative to the Berlin-Hanover route which runs roughly parallel further to the North.
Two branoh lines lead North from Hildesheim to Hanover and Lehrte where they Join the Berlin-Hanover line. A third branch connects Hildesheim with the Brunswick-Hanover line.
To the South a branoh line leads to Goslar and the Harz distriot. Hildesheiro has a goods station and large marshalling yards close to the main railway station in the northern quarter of the town.
Engineering and Armaments
(3)
SenkingwerkSenkingstr.
The Senkingwerk Ahlbom A.G. specialised in peace time in the manufacture of ovens for domostio and industrial use, complete bakery installations, laundry machinery, and heating apparatus. They employed some
3,000workers before the war. This is believed to be still their main business, but they now also specialise in field kitchens, field bakeries and laundries, ships galleys,etc.
(3)
AhlbomLfcntzelstr.
The Eduard Ahlbom A.G. are makers of dairy machinery and cooling apparatus.
Rubber and Tvrea
Wetzel Gummiwerke
Hildesheim
(3)
They employed 1,200 workers before the war. The works are now believed to be engaged on armament production.
The Wetzel Gumniwerke A.G. employed IfiO workers in 1939 and manufactured surgical gloves, tennis balls, and various technical rubber goods. They are now believed to be making anti-gas clothing.
Hildesheim
(3)
Asbest & Gummi G.m.b.H. Paul Reipert Pfeiffer & Co.
These three firms have the same range of products as the Wetzel A.G. mentioned above, but are believed to employ less than 200 workers eaoh.
'
orer
1008
Hirderiburg is the central of the 3 adjacent mining toms in the extreme S. Eastern comer of Upper Silesia, the others being Gleiwitz and Beuthen. The former Polish frontier runs within 2 miles of the Southern and S. Eastern borders of the town. Seven of the large Upper Silesian coal mines lie to the N. and S. of the town, one of these being within the Northern part of the built-up area and adjacent to the large Bteel works of the VGHAG
Transportation
Marshalling YardsHindenburg(2)
N.E. of the town and dose to the Hedwigswunsoh coal mine, there are important goods and marshalling yards.
Railway Repair ShopsHindenburg(2)
These workshops are believed to employ some 2,500 workers and to undertake the repair of locomotives in addition to other rolling stock.
Publio Utility Services
Gas WorksHaldenstr.
The gas works of the Yerbandsgaswerk Beuthen-Hindenburg G. m. b. E. are immediately N. of the railway on the Eastern side of the town, and in 1936, made 130 and purchased a further 290 million oubio feet of gas from the Borsig Kokswerke and the Preussag.
Power StationGaborze(1)
The Zaborze or "Hindenburg" thermal power station is owned by the Schlesisahe Elektrizitts-/u. Gas A.G. (O.E.W. ) Gleiwitz, and has an installed capacity of 146 MW.
It is situated 1 mile S. of Hindenburg and adjacent to the K8nigen-Luise hard-coal mine (see under SOLID FUELS). Built in I898, and several times rebuilt and extended, the capacity is reported to have reoently been doubled, but this has not yet been confirmed.
The plant has 4 boilerhouses, a maohine house, a transformer and switch house, and a substation for 60 12 V. and possibly 20 W lines.
6 kV underground cables, and possibly 20 kV overhead transmission lines, oonneot looally.
A power station of similar capacity, at Chorzow, immediately across the frontier, is owned by a subsidiary company of 0. E.W.
Those two stations are often referred to as the Upper Silesian Power Stations (Obersohlesische Elektrizitätswerke).
Solid Fuels
Delbrflck Coking PlantS. of Hindenburg(3)
Owned by the Preussiache Bergwerks-/ und Hfltten- A. G. , this coking plant lies adjacent to the Delbrflck Colliery, two miles South of Hindenburg station. In 1943 it was estimated that this plant had 176 ovens and a dry coal capacity of
675,000tons p. a.
Borsigwerk ooking plantN. E. of Hindenburg(3)
This coking plant lies 3 miles N.E. of Hindenburg station and is owned by the Borsig-Kokswerke A. G. It has 58 ovens and an estimated dry ccal capacity of 355,000 tons per annum.
Skalley ooking plant3. of Hindenburg(3)
Also belonging to the Borsig-KOkswerke A. G. , this ooking plant lies 1^ miles S. of Hindenburg station. It h 3 60 ovens and an estimated dry coal capacity of 345,000 tons per annum.
Königin Luise-Ostfold u.S. E of Hindenburg(3)
Westfeld and Delbrflck Collieries
Belonging to Preussische Bergwerke-Und-Hfltten A.G. , these mines, in 1937, produced 4,375000 tons of coal.
Hedwigswunsch CollieryN.E. of Hindenburg(3)
Owned by the Borsig-Kokswekke A. G. this Colliery lies to the East of the Borsigwerk ooking plant. Its output of ooal in 1937 was 1815,000 tons.

Iron Steel & Ferro Alloys
VCHAG Donner smrckhött8HirkLenburg (2)
The Dormersmarckhlltte steel srorka of the Vereinigte öbersohlesische Hüttenwerke A.G. ere in the northern quarter of Hindenburg and oonprise foundries rri rolling mills. There are A- blast oni 3 open hearth furnaces with a capacity of 100,000 tons of orude steel per annum. Among the products of the works are tubes, boilers and large metal containers, steel girders and frames, nfl machine tools.
(For further particulars cf the VOHAG ooiwern se under GLEIWIE.)
Engineering and Armaments
A. Deichsel A.G.Adolf Deichsel (3)
Str.
The Adolf Deichsel Drahtwerk u. Seilfabriken A.G. are manufacturers of wire and wire ropes. They enployed some 1,200 workers in 1938.

HIRSCHBERG (Silesia)
50° 55' N. 15° 45' E: 690 miles: (34,000)
Hirschberg is in the Southern part of Lower Silesia and is on the railway line from Görlitz to Glatz. It is a tourist centre for visitors to the Riesengebirge. Apart from those mentioned below Hirschberg has no import ant industries.
Public Utility Services
Gas WorksHirschberg(3)
This works is owned by the A.G. fftr Gas und Elektrizität Kölln, Berlin, and in 1936 purchased 159 million cubic feet of gas from the Ferngas Schlesien A.G., for resale.
Engineering and Armaments
Carl ZeissHirschberg(-)
A new branch factory of Carl Zeiss, Jena is reported to have been erected during the war in Hirschberg and to have begun production in the autumn of 1942, at which time 500 workers we>
ployed. This number is now believed to have been increased tip to 2,000. A wide range of optical instruments is sais to be produced. The plant is said to work in conjunction with the new Zeiss factory at Görlitz. Definite evidence of the exist once of this plant has not yet been obtained.
Textiles. Rayon. Pulp and Paper/
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Public
tatil
Zellwolle A, G.Hirschberg(3)
The Schlesische Zellwolle A. C. are makers of viscose staple fibre and prior to the war employed some $00 workers Their output was then approximately 70 tons per day.
Ewald Schoeller 4 Co.Kummersdorf(-)
These paper and cellulose manufacturers (formerly the Schlesische Cellulose and f Papier Fabriken A.G. ) are in Kummersdorf, a Southwestern suburb of Hirschberg.
Approximately 600 workers were employed in 1^39. This firm has several branch factories and saw-mills in Silesia.
Leather
Heinrioh KnochHirschberg(3)
The Lederfabrik Heinrich Knoch A.G. are important tanners and manufacturers of sole and upper leather. Approximately
1,300workers were employed at this plant in 1937. .

HIRSCHFELDS (Saxony) See under ZITTAU

HÖCHST/MAIN (Hesse Nassau) See under Frankfort/Main

HOF (Bavaria)
50° 20' N. 12° 23' E: 550 miles: (44,000)
Hof is in the extreme Northeastern quarter of Bavaria close to the Southern border of Thuringia. It is on one of the main railway lines from North to South Germany through the Thüringer Wald. Textiles form the chief industry and there are several spinning and weaving mills in addition to the example mentioned below. Hof has a number of sausage factories and large-scale breweries.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsHofC3)
These are medium—sized repair shops undertaking the repair of goods wagons.
/Public Utility Services
Public Utility Services
(3)
(3)
Gas Worksy0f
In 1936, this municipalwork3136
million cubic feet of gas.
Textiles. Rayon, Pulp and Paper
Neue Spinnereijjof
The Neue Baunwoll-Spinnerei und Weberei Hof A.G. is a large spinning and weaving factory which has two separate works in Hof. In 1938 Werk I had 175,000 spindles and 1,400 weaving looms; Werk II, a spinning mill only, had
20,000spindles. Approximately 2,000 workers were employed.
HOHENLIMBURG (Westphalia) See under Lethmathe
H0HE1ETEIN-ERISTTHAL ( Sa-mm/)
Hohenstein-Emstthal is 1C miles East of Chemnitz on the main line to Dresden. Its industry is chiefly textiles, in particular knitted good8, braids and trimmings. None of the factories is' individually of importance. ———49 Ha krfc of .^crtir.a Kile.

HOMBERG (RHEINPROVINZ)
51° 30' N. 6° 40' E: 292 miles: (27,000)

Homberg lies on left bank of the Rhine opposite Duisburg^Ruhrort. Industry in the area is concerned mainly with coke ooal and synthetio oil and the plants connected with these are all owned by the various Rheinproussen companies.
Solid Fuels
Homberg coking plantHomberg (3);ll:o It
Owned by Gewerkschaft Steinkohlenbergwerk Rheinpreussen, the plant is situated 3^ miles N.W. of Homberg station and Just N.E. of llSrs at Rheinpreussen Pit 5. in 3 batteries. There are 355 coke ovens having an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 654jO°° tons. Gas is supplied to the Ruhr gas grid.?dt
Pattborg coking plantN.W. of Mbrs (3)
Owned by Gewerkschaft Rheinland, the plant is situated 4 miles N.W. of Mftrs station or Pattberg pit 3/2. There are 40 coke ovens working which have an estimated annual dry coal capacity of 287,000 tons. 40 additional coke ovens were still under construction at the end of 1943 This plant operates in conjunction with the synthetio oil plant (see under "Liquid Fuels").Le: Sei
Rheinpreussen oollieryS.W. A W.of (3) Homberg
The Rheinpreussen colliery,which includes the Rheinland colliery, is owned by Gewerkschaft Steinkohlenbergwerk "Rheinpreussen". The pits are situated S.W. and West of Homberg station. In 1937 the output of hard ooal amounted to 3445,000 tons.e
Liquid fualfl and substitutes
Rheinpreussen synthetio oil plantHomborg (2)
This Fischor-Tropaoh synthetiic oil plant is owned by Treibstoff A.G. Rheinpreussen and is situated 3? mileB N.W. of Homberg station. The plant operates in conjunction with the adjoining ooking plant (see unäer "Solid Fuels") The output of the plant is estimated at 190,000 tons of oil products per annum.•^s; i;
50° 45' N. 12° 45' E; 560 miles: (18,000)
Homburg is situated in the extreme East of the Saar, 6 miles North of EweibrScken. It is a railway junction of some local inportanco. There are various engineering works, mostly on a small scale.
T ran sport at i on
Railway JunctionHomburg(3)
Two railway lines coming from the direction of Mainz and Mannheim respectively meet in Homburg.
In a westerly direction three lines diverge from the town and lead to Keunkirchen, Saarbrücken and Zweibrucken.
Public Utility Services
Power StationHomburg(3)
This thermal power station belongs to the Pfalzwerke A.G. and is situated in Hamburg proper.
It has an installed capacity of 60 M/t. Two longdistance 100 kV lines connect to Mannheim, one via Kaiserslautern and one via Landau.
Engineering and Armaments
Klein Punpen A.G.Indust riegelande(-)
The Klein Punpen A.G. belong to the Klein Schanzlin und Beoker A.G. of Prankenthal. They are nkers of centrifugal and piston pimps and employed some 150 workers in 1939
Schwinn A.G.Burgenlandstr.(-)
This firm belongs to the Hoesch A.G. and employed some 200 workers in 1939. They are makers of arn.tures, chains and all kinds of swaged forgings.

HOPPECKE (Westphalia)
51° 24' N. 8° 38' E: 380 miles: (700)
Hbppecke is a small town 25 miles south of Paderborn. It has several small light engineering works, and in addition the important accumulator factory mentioned below.
Engineering A Armaments
Hoppecke Accumulatoren Fabrik A.G. Hoppecke(2)
These works manufacture accumulators of all tynes including submarine accumulators. They are believed to employ about 600 workers.

HÖRSELGAU (Thuringia)
50° 55' N. 10° 35' E: 470 miles: (1,100)
This is a small town miles west of Gotha. It has no industry of importance other than the rubber works listed below.
Rubber and lyres
Vereinigte Gothania Werke A.G. HBrselgau(3)
This firm manufactures hose of all types, mechanicals and soles and heels. They employed about 400 workers before the war.

HÖXTER (Westphalia)
51° 46' N. 9° 25' E: 410 miles: (8,400)
This small town lies on the River Weser approximately 30 miles east of Paderborn. It has no industries of importance other than the manufacture of rubber thread, mainly in the hands of the one firm lioted below.
Rubber and Tyres
H8xtersehe Gummif&den-HBxter(-)
fabrik Emil Amtz. K. G.
This firm is a manufacturer of mechanicals, especially rubber thread. It normally employed 100 workers, and produced over 1 5$
German thread for the domestic market and also exported to some extent.

KURTH (Rhineland)
See under KÖLN (Cologne)

HULS(Westphalia)
See under MARL.

IBBENBÜREN (Westphalia)
 52° 13' N. 7° 45' E: 340 miles: (11,000)
Ibbenbüren is approximately halfway between Osnabrück and Rhein^. on the main railway from Berlin via Hanover to Holland. It is th^ centre of a small coalfield at the Western end of the Teutoburger Wald. The principal mining company, and an electric power station at Ibbenbüren, are mentioned below. There are no other industries of importance.
Public Utility Services
Electric Power StationIbbenbüren (2)
This thermal station was built before 1920. Owned by the NiedersAchsische Kraftwerks A. O. , it is situated about 15 miles West of Osnabrück on the State-owned Ibbenbüren mines. The station has recently been considerably increased in capacity and it may be intended to make it a base-load plant.
At present its installed capacity is believed to be 65 MW.
Associated with the generating station is a sub-station, to which 220 kV,
100 kV, and 50 kV transmission lines of the R.W. K. grid are connected.
Solid Fuels
Preussische Berwerks A. GIbbenbüren (3)
The preussische Bergwerks & Hütten A. G•
are the largest ooal-mining undertaking in this area. They own seven pits in the vicinity of Ibbenbüren, which in 1936 had a total output of 800,000 tons of coal. Some 2,500 workers were employed.

IDAR-OBERSTEIN (Rhineland)
49° 40' N. 7° 20' E: 330 miles: (23,000)
This town is on the river Nahe and the main line which rims from Bingen up the Nahe valley to the Saar territory. It has developed a highly specialised industry in the cutting, polishing and preparation of precious and 3emi-precious stone3 for Jewellery and for technical purposes. Various synthetic substitutes for these stones are produced and Idar-Oberstein is one of the main centres of research in this direction. The industry is in the hands of a great number of individually small firms and workshops and that mentioned below serves only as an example. There are also several makers of watch chains, clockwork, and similar small metal products.
Engineering and Armaments./
Sngineering and Amanents
Hermann WildIdar-Oberstein (-)
The Deutsche Edelsteingesellschaft verm.
Hermann Wild A.G. are makers of jewellery and similar articles and claim to have a variety of patents for synthetic stones suitable for industrial purposes.
the sc iagsbi aorl

ILMENAU (Thuringia)
50° 10' N. 10° 55' E: 485 miles: (16,000)
ILMENAU is 25 miles to the South of Erfurt and is in the rdd3t of the Thüringer Wald. It is one of the tourist resorts of this region but has also several specialised industries such as thermometers and glass instruments, porcelain, and colours for the printing industry
Engineering and Armaments
Alt, Eberhardt <t JigerIlmenau(-)
The Thüringische Glas-Inst rumenten Fabrik Alt, Everhardt & Jager A.G, are makers of thermometers, glass instruments for laboratory use, and other similar hollow glass-ware.
SophianhfttteIlmenau(-)
The Glasfabrik Sophienhfttte make a wide range of glassware for laboratory and medical use and are also specialists in vacuum flasks.

ILSENBURG (Province Saxony)
51° 55 N. 10° 20' E: 465 miles: (10,000)
Usenburg is 15 miles East of Goslar on the Northern edge of the Hartz district. Apart from the two works mentioned below and a margarine factory, there are no industries of importance.
Non-Ferrous Metal Manufacture and i'r-hri cation

Kupferwerk IlsenburgUsenburg
The Kupferwerk Ilsenburg A.G. are producers of electrolytic copper and of all kinds of rolled, pressed, and forged copper and brass.
They specialise in copper components for locomotives. Some 400 workers were employed before the war.
Stollberg HütteIlsen burg
The Fürst Stollberg Hütte is an iron
smelting v/ork3 which formerly belonged to the Magdeburger '.Verkzeugnaschiner.fabrik, makers of machine tools.

INGOLSTADT (Bavaria)
48° 45' N. 11° 25' E: 550 miles: (32,000)
Ingolstadt is on the Danube 45 miles North of Munioh on the main line to Nürnberg. A branch line from Regensburg to Augsburg crosses the main track at this point. Apart from the important railway repair shops there are few industries of note.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsIngolstadt
These works are believed to employ some
3,000 workers and undertake the repair of steam and electric locomotives as well as other rolling stook.
Sudneerinp. and Armaments
Spinnerei Maschinen A.G.Ingolstadt
The Deutsche Spinnerei Maschinen A.G-. are makers of spinning and all types of textile machinery including plant for rayon works.
They we'-e increasing the number of their workers before the war employed seme 2,000 in 1939. The company belohgs to Sohubert und Salzer of Chemnitz. The firm's present activity is not known but reports suggest armaments components are made.
Ferdinand KraussMviichenerstr.
The Eraumath .erk, Ferdinand Krauss specialises in the making of planing, sawing and other wood-working machinery.

INSTERBURG (Bast Prussia)
54° 40' N. 21° 50' E: 940 miles: (44,000)
Insterburg is a highly important railway centre and focal point for the lines between Germany and the Northern part of the Eastern front. The industries of the town are mostly on a minor scale and are connected with the surrounding agricultural district.
Transportation
Railway JunctionInsterburg
Seven railway lines radiate from Insterburg.
Ths main line through Tilsit to Riga and Leningrad runs northward from the town and
and also serves the port of Memel for which the branch diverges near Tilsit. Due eastward from Insterburg is a main line to Kowno, Wilna and Minsk. A subsidiary branch also in a northerly direction connects Insterturg with the Baltic at Karkeln. Prom the West the two main lines from Königsberg and from Posen converge at Insterburg. Two further branch lines leading South from the town serve the South Eastern area of East Prussia. There are extensive goods and marshalling yards.
Railway Repair ShopsInsterburg(2)
These large repair snops are believed;
to employ several thousand workers and
to undertake the repair of locomotives]
Engineering and Armaments
D
refinery
mstri
and rolling stock.liiesSc
Preuss & Saernenn
Insterburg(-)

Chemicals and Explosives Dreugwitz
Insterburg(-)

The Maschinenfabrik Preuss & Saemann are makers of agricultural implements and machinery.
The Chemische Fabrik Gustav Dreugwitz are manufacturers of roofing felt, tar and rosin products, oils and soaps. They employed some 150 workers before the war.

ISERLOHN (Westphalia)
51° 20' N. 7° 40' E: 340 miles: (36,000)
Iserlohn is 12 miles East of Hagen and has an engineering
industry of some consequence. This is in the hands of a number of small firms and workshops, making wire, iron and brass castings, metal fittings and armatures and a variety of light metal goods.
No individual firm is of sufficient size to warrant special mention but together they make Iserlohn a town of importance to this industry. Iserlohn is two miles East of the river Lenne, along the valley of which there are several other towns, such as Hohenlimburg, Altena and Finnentrop, where similar groups of engineering firms are established.
Engineering and Armaments/
Engineering and Armaments
Dalhaus & Co.
Echtermann
Mengeringhausen
Grüner Weg ) Kettenstr )(3)
Baarstr. )
The above are three examples of a large number of engineering works, brass founders, and metal-fitting manufacturers in Iserlohn.

ITZEHOE (Schleswig Holstein)
53° 55' N. 9° 30' E: 440 miles: (21,000)
Itzetoe is in the Southern area of Schleswig Holstein 30 miles North West of Hamburg. It is a market town and has a sugar refinery. Apart from the firms mentioned below Itzehoe has no industries of note.
Engineering and Armaments
Siemens & HuisohLindenstr.(-)
Textiles. Rayon. Pulp and Paper Netzfabrik und Weberei
Itzehoe
(-)
This firm manufactures a variety of pumps and compressors on a small soale.
The Mechanische Netzfabrik und Weberei A.G. employed some 500 workers before the war. They have a spinning mill with 19,000 spindles and specialise in net manufacture.
-
JAUER (Silesia)
Jauer is 10 miles South of Liegnitz in Lower Silesia. Its activities are luainly concerned with the surrounding agricultural district and apart from the firm mentioned below there are no industries of importance.
Engineering and Armaments Carl Wolf
Jauer
(-)
This firm nakes agricultural machinery and implements, axles, springs and farm wagons. Some 800 workers were employed in 1938.
Its present activities are not known.

JENA (Thuringia)
50° 55' N. 11° 35' E: 510 miles: (69,000)
Jena is on the river Saale in the hilly district of Thuringia and is on one of the main railway routes from North to South Germary, through the Thüringer Wald. It is the seat of a University. Its industry centres around tjie highly important works of Carl Zeiss, the leading makers of optical instrumenta and the famous optical-glass producers Schott und ^enossen.
There are various other makers of optical instruments and laboratory implements, the more noteworthy of which are mentioned below.
Transportation
Railway Junction
Jena
(3)
Prom the North two main lines coming from Weimar and Halle respectively converge at Jena. The main line to the South follows the course of the river Saale and leads through the mountains to Hof and Bavaria. A fourth important branch line runs East from 0 ena to Gera.
Railway Repair Shops
Jena
(3)
There are large railway shops immediately to the North of the main railway station (known as the Saale Bahnhof) in the North Eastern quarter of the town.
Public Utilities
Jena
Electric Power Station
This plant which is believed to have a capacity of 2A MW, is owned by Carl Zeiss. It is situated within the built up area of the town.
Engineering and Armaments
uari Z188Carl Zeiss Str. (1)
The works of this world-famous concern are in the centre of the town and are housed in a group of buildings several storeys high including one skyscraper building of 17 storeys. Several thousand workers are employed. The great majority of the work requires a high degree of specialised skill and there is an elaborate system of training schools for apprentices. It is believed that no foreign labour is employed in Jena and because of the nature of the work, there is a probably unique concentration of highly skilled labour in this town. Zeiss have now three and possibly four large associated factories in Dresden, (Zeiss Ikon Werke A.G. ) and branch factories are known to have been established in Hirsohberg and Gorlitz in Silesia.
Zeiss controlled affiliated companies are at Stuttgart, Berlin, Rathenow and Vienna. Jena remains, however, the chief training centre for the concern and is by far the largest of the Zeiss works. It turns out the whole range of precision optical instruments required by the armed forces.
These instruments sure made in their entirety by the Zeiss works, of which one section is devoted to the casting, grinding and polishing of the lenses, while another section deals with the complete manufacture of the precision metal parts of the instruments. The apprentice schools mentioned above, train workers for each of these two sections of the industry. It is worth noting that the Zeis3 works at Jena are not an ordinary commercial concern, but since 1891 have been in the hands of a trust.
The profits belong to the workers on a copartnership basis and to the Jena University.
It is believed that the Jena Works of Zeiss alone enploy some 12,OCX), workers.
The Zeiss company have their own private power station in Jena; it is believed to have a capacity of 24 MW. (See under "Public Utilities").
Schott & GenossenOtto Schott Str. (1)
The Jenaer Glaswerke Schott  Genossen is situated in the Southern part of the town close to the West-Bahnhof. These large works were taken over in 1919 by the Carl Zeiss Trust and can be regarded as a second factory of the Zeiss concern in Jena.
The Schott works concentrate mainly on the smelting and casting of optical glass but they are also equipped to grind, polish, and complete the production of lenses.
Franz HeringAm Marktplatz(3)
Gerhard HeydrichJena(3)
Steigerwald & UthardtLöbstedt(3)
Erich KöllnerUrbanstr.(3)
The above are four of a mmiber of smaller factories in Jena making instruments for laboratory use.

KACHLET (Bavaria)
48° 35' N. 13° 23' E: 633 miles: (2)
The Kachlet dam and power station are situated on the river Danube, 2j miles west of Passau and close to the Austro-German frontier. The power station is the largest of the 35 hydro-electric power stations planned by the Rhein-Main-Donau A.G. for their dual scheme of providing for navigation between the rivers Rhine and Danube via the river Main, and for the production of electricity.
The dam creates a deep-water channel in the river above Passau, enabling normal Danube shipping to navigate up as far as Regensburg without trans-shipment.
The power station has an installed capacity of 56 MV. and is designed for an ultimate capacity of 70 MW. The plant consists of the dam, the power house and 2 ship locks.
A transformer station is situated on the left bank of the river, north-east of the power station, and is owned by Bayernwerk A.G. Current at 20 kV is given to local consumers of the 03tbayrische Stromversorgungs A.G.
A 110 kV double-circuit line connects to Nürnberg via Regensburg, and a further line connects with the Austrian transmission system.

KAISERSLAUTERN (Palatinate)
49° 30' N. 7° 45' E: 375 miles: (70,000)
Kaiserslautern is in the centre of the Bavarian Palatinate of which it is, next to Ludwigshafen, the largest town. It has a considerable industry which includes several engineering works and foundries. There are a number of textile works specialising particularly in wound dressings and bandages. Kaiserslautern is an important railway junction for the Palatinate and for the traffic to and from the Saar.
Transportation
Railway JunctionKaiserslautern(3)
Two lines coming from the Upper Rhine district join at Kaiserslautern close to the main railway station, which is on the Southern edge of the town. To the East the main line leads to Neunkirchen and the Saar territory and two branch lines diverge Southwards to Pirmasens and Northwards to Mainz. There are large marshalling yards immediately to the Southwest of the main station.
Marshalling Yard 1 Railway Workshops Kaiserslautern (3)
The important Railway Workshops and the Einsiedlerhof Marshalling yard lie west of the town. The workshops, equipped to repair both locomotives and wagons, were reported to employ 2,500 workers in 1943.
rotilea
narrow, extending 5500 yards in a ENE-WSW direction, and has a capacity for 3,500 wagons per 24 hoirs. It deals with the heavy traffic which flows in a west-easterly direction, between Saarbrücken and Neunkirchen in the west to Ludwigshafen, Mannheim, and central and eastern Germany.
The Marshalling Yard and sorting sidings lie west of the workshops; the yard is long and
Engineering and Armaments
G. II Pfaff A.G.
Wittelsbacherstr. (2)
These works are normally makers of a well-known sewing machine. They occupy a large area of ground in the South-Western quarter of the team close to the main railway line. In 1939 they employed 5,000 workers and are now believed to be making small arms and small-arms conponents. Reports suggest that some 6-7,000 workers were enployed in 1942.
Eisenwerk KaiserslauternBarbarossastr. (3)
The Eisenwerk Kaiserslautern A.G. enployed

approximately 1,000 workers in 1939 and are iron and steel founders, bridge constructors, and makers of enamelled baths and metal containers and of all kinds of heating and air-conditioning apparatus. Their works cover a large area alongside the railway in the South Eastern quarter of the town.
Gebrüder PfeifferBarbarossastr,(-)
This firm specialises in grinding and other machinery and apparatus for the cement, chalk, and chemical industries. They employed 300 workers in 1939. Their works adjoin those of the Eisenwerk mentioned above.
Gusa & AimaturwerkPirmasenserstr.(3)
The Guss & Armaturwerk Kaiserslautern are iron founders and makers of iron piping for drainage purposes, fittings and oast-iron punps for agricultural purposes and sewage works. They employed aomo 1,200 workers in 1939. The works are in the South Western quarter of the town.
Reports suggest that a part of the works is now engaged on shell cases.

The Zschooke Werke A.G. are makers of water-and gas-cooling installations. They specialise also in wooden apparatus, steel and wood furniture, ndlk separators, and butter chums. In 1939 they employed some 600 workers.


KARLSRUHE (Baden)
49° 5' N. 8° 25' E: 415 miles: (190,000)
Although Karlsruhe is the capital and the administrative centre of Baden, industrially it is by no means as important as Mannheim, the largest city in the province.
Situated on the main line from Western Germany to Italy via Switzerland, Karlsruhe is today of considerable importance as a transport centre. It is on this route that the bulk of coal supplies from the Ruhr to Italy is transported.
Karlsruhe is also of seme importance for waterway's traffic as its fairly modern haibour, connected with the Rhine by the Stich Canal, has extensive installations for reloading coal. Industrially Karlsiuhe is not of great importance. Its main industry is engineering connected with armaments and it is situated mainly in the .eastern and Western outskirts of the town.


There are two main target areas: -
"A" The inland port connected with the Rhine by the Stich Canal and the industrial area Grunwinkel, between which the town's power station is situated.
(An important sector of the railway passes through this industrial area).
"B". To the East of the main railway station, the marshalling yard, large railway workshops and the town gas woiics. Adjacent to the gas works is the important Junction of the railway lines to Frankfort on Main and Stuttgart.
In the centre of the built-up area of Karlsruhe,between Vorholz Strasse and Garten Strasse is the important small am ammunition works of the former Deutsche Waffen & Munitionsfabriken A.G. Because of the unfavourable situation of Karlsruhe close to the French frontier this works was partly closed down during the early stages of the war but is now believed to be working again at full oapaoity employing several thousand workers.
Public Utility Services
Städtisches Elektrizitäts erk
Karlsruhe
(2)
The Karlsruhe municipal thermal power station is situated in the centre of the town. The estimated capacity is 50 MW. In 1933 there were 2 generating sets of a total capacity of 21 MW installed. In 1940 Brown Boveri of Mannheim supplied one 32 MW set. The station is connected to the R.W.E. grid by a 100-150 kV line via the Karlsruhe sub-station at Scheibenhardt.

Type & description of targetLocation
Priority
rating
( 2)
(3).
Public Utility Services (cont)
Sub-stationScheibenhardt
This sub-station on the R.w. E. grid is situated roughly 3 miles to the South West of Karlsruhe. 100-150 kV lines connect it with the municipal power station at Karlsruhe and with Mannheim, Marbach, Forbach and Offenburg.
Gas WorksKarlsruhe
The main municipal gas works of Karlsruhe is situated within the built-up area of the town adjacent to the rest of the railway shops. A subsidiary gas works is situated in the suburb Durlach-
Transportation
Inland HarbourKarlsruhe(2)
Karlsruhe is an important trans-shipment centre for the Rhine traffic, the chief conmioditles being coal and timber. The inland harbour, which has five basins, is entered from the Rhine through the Stichkanal which is one mile in length. The harbour area was severely damaged by the k.A.F. and lost much of its storage capa'city and other facilities. A considerable amount of repair work has been carried out and the port is now again an important trans-shipment centre.
Railway junctionKarlsruhe(2)
The main line to Basle which passes through Karlsruhe i6 one of the chief trunk routes from Germany to Switzerland and Italy. A second main line leads Eastwards from Karlsruhe through Pforzheim to Stuttgart and Southern Germany. Five miles from Karlsruhe a branch diverges from this second main line and leads North East to Bruchsal and Heidelberg. A further branch to the West croeeee the Rhine one mile North of the Stichkanal and joins the railway following the left bank of the Rhine.
Marshalling YardsKarlsruhe(3)
There are large marshalling yard6 adjacent to the main station on the Southern outskirts of the town.
Type & description of target
Location
Railway Repair Works
Karlsruhe
Priority
rating
(2)
'tds_4c£
A large railway repair shop is situated in Karlsruhe proper and is believed to employ some 2,000 workers on repair and maintenance of passenger coaches and goods wagons.
The Karlsruhe railway repair works forms one link in a chain of three works together carrying out all types of railway repair work as follows:-
Offenburg
Durlach
Karlsruhe
Locomotives Tende rs
Passenger coaches and goods wagons
.Utk
Engineering and Armaments Deutsche Waffen
Gartenstr.
(2)
Sain
s;ha
The Karlsruhe plant is the parent works of the Deutsche Waffen und Munitions Werke A.G. They are one of the largest German makers of S.A.A. (including tracer and incendiary bullets) and are also makers of machinery for munitions factories. The Karlsruhe works were damaged by bombing and in 19U2 their activities had been considerably reduced. Later reports indicate that new shops had been erected and large electrically driven presses and electric furnaces are mentioned as being among the products. The works are in the centre of the town.
Carl Metz
List Str.
(3)
Seto;
This firm was one of the two leading German makers of fir-9 fighting equipment, the other being Magirus of Ulm. The works Karlsruhe were partly destroyed by bombing and it is not believed that they have been restored to more than a small proportion of their prewar output.
Genschow & Co.Durlach and
Wolfartsweier
The Gustav Genschow & Co. were in peace-time specialists in the manufacture of sporting ammunition and were employing approximately 1,000 workers. The Durlach works are chiefly for the manufacture of small shot but at Wo.lfartsweier,a village 1 mile south of Durlach, they have a factory for the complete manufacture of sporting ammunition and percussion caps. Ground reports suggest that more than 2,000 workers were employed by Genschow in 1942.
Typs 6: description of targetLocation Priority
rating
Sngineering and Armaments (cont)
Gritzner Kayser A.G.Durlach(2)
This company was an important producer of sewing machines andbicycles and is now believed to be employing some 3,000 workers and to be manufacturing small arms and components. Their works occupy a considerable area to the South of Durlach railway station.
Junker & Ruh A. G.Siemens Str. (3)
This firm employed some 1,24.00 workers before the war on domestic gas and electric ovens and similar household apparatus. It is believed that they are fully active on the manufacture of components for the Deutsche Waffen and Munitions Werke A.G.
NähmaschinenfabrikKarl Wilhelmstr. (3)
The Nähmaschinenfabrik Karlsruhe A.G. Vorm.
Haid und Neu employed some 800 workers before the war and in addition to sewing machines manufactured refrigerators for household use.
They are now believed to be engaged on the manufacture of small arms.
•
Schaerer WerkeHaneastr.(3)
These works employed some U00 workers in 1939 and specialised in lathes and drilling machines.
SeboldDurlach(3)
The Badische Maschinenfabrik und Eisengiesserei Vorm. G. Sebold, are makers of machinery, especially for the match industry. They also make all kinds of equipment required for iron foundries. Their works are East of the Durlach railway station and close to those of Gritzner Keyoer, mentioned above. Sebold employed some 800 workers before the war.
Rubber and Tyres
Deutsche MichelinVogesenstr.(3)
The Deutsche Michelin Pneumatik A.G. belong to the French Michelin concern. The production at these works was closed down in 1938 and the machinery removed to France. The premises were commandeered by the German Government and at the outbreak of war they were in use as food storage.
In one of the early raids on Karlsruhe the Michelin plant was severely damaged. The fact that it was rapidly repaired, camouflaged and even extended suggests that it is used for something more important than storage purposes but the real use to which it is being put has not yet been ascertained.

KASSEL (Hesse Nassau)
51° 20' N. 9° 30' E: 420 miles: (216,000)
Next to Frankfurt on Main Kassel is the chief town of the province of Hesse Nassau. Among the town's industries the Henschel locomotive works and the Fieseler aircraft works are of major ia^jortance to the German war production. There are two large textile factories and a ixunber of engineering works. Kassel is one of the main railway junctions of Central Germany. The tcwm is built mainly on the left or Western bank of the Fulda and the Henschel works are in the Northern half of the built-up area. South-east of the town and East of the river is the suburb of Bettenhausen where there is another group of industries.
Transportation
Railway CentreKassel(3)
The main station of Kassel is in the centre of the town and is a terminal station. Three main lines lead frem Kassel to the Ruhr, to Northern and Eastern Germany, and to Frankfort on Main respectively.
Two further branch lines lead to the East and West.
Marshalling lardsKassel(3)
These marshalling yards, whioh have a capacity of
2,300wagons per 22. hours, are in Rothenditmold, the Northwestern sectionofthetown.Adjacent
to the marshalling yards is a goods station with
extensive storage facilities.
Railway Repair ShopsKassel(3)
These are large repairshopswhiohundertake the
repair and maintenance of locomotives and rolling stock. They are at the Northern end of the marshalling yards.
Public Utility Cervices
Power StationKassel(3)
The nunidpal power station is East of the town in the suburb of Bettenhausen. It has an installed capacity of 37 MW.
GasworksKassel{-)
In 1936 the Kassel municipal gasworks made 560 million cu. ft. of gas.
sircra

Preussag Power Statior/
Preusaag Power Station
Borken
0)
The thermal power 8tation at Borken is owned by the Preussische Elektrizitata A.G. and has an installed capacity of 168 IW. It ia situated about 20 miles South-west of Kassel near the brown-coal mine from which it is supplied with fuel. It is a base-load station. There is an indoor sub-station for 110 kV, 60 kV, anl lower voltages, and adjoining is a large open-air transformer and switching station which probably contains plant for 220 kV and 100 kV. The output is mainly supplied to the Hesse area ard. to Hanover, and off-peak supplies are given to the Bringhausen punped—storage station of the Y/aldeck hydro scheme, also owned by the same company. The station is connected to the company's 220 kV grid.
Aircraft and Aero-Engines
FieselerBettenhausen(2)
FieselerWaldau(2)
FieselerV/aldau(2)
The Fieseler Flugzeugbau G.m.b.H. have three separate plants in the vicinity of Kassel, of which one is immediately South of the Bettenhausen railway station and two are at Waldau, approximately one mile South of Bettenhausen, The assembly of the aircraft takes place at the two Waldau plants which are situated South West and South Bast of the village of Waldau. The plant to the South West of Waldau is adjacent to an airfield.
The two Wal&au works were reported in October 1943 to be conpleting the assembly of 30 PW 190'3 and 50 Fi 156 (light transport aircraft) per month. The Fieseler works are believed to have been allotted a high quota for 5M/ 190 production in the 1944 programme.
The Betterihausen works manufacture major couponents for the Waldau factories. Engines are imported from the aw works at Eisenach.
HensohelAltenbauna (2)
The Hensohel Flugzeufjnotoreribau G.m.b.H. has been erected during the war near the village of Altenbauna 3ix miles South West cf Kassel. It is eimaged on the production of D.8.-type aero-engines and is believed to have an output of approximately 115 per month. Aero-engine repair work is also carried out on a fairly large scale. Several thousand workers are engaged, including a large proportion of foreigners, half of whcrn are women.
Hensohel & Söhn/
Engineering and Aroanents
Kenshel & Sohn G.m.b.H.
Henschels are the leading German locomotives works and in peacetime were capable of building 200 main-line locomotives per annun in addition to a large number of smaller types. Their works were continually enlarged during the first years of the mar and with the adoption of standard locomotive types their capacity increased to many tines the above figure.
One of the most important manufacturers of trucks in Germany before the war, thi3 firm was al-so of great importance in supplying German requirements for heavy trarisport vehicles, which were largely used with trailers. Truck production was of relatively snail importance in relation to the activities of thi3 firm in other branches of engineering, although in connection with heavy road transport it was an important contribution to the German requirements. Their manufactures include municipal-type vehicles, such as road sweeping, washing and sprinkling machines, and refuse collecting vehicles; and also the "Finkbeiner" producer-gas unit which is one of the 12 types standardised by Germany.
It is belived that even before the war at least one section of the parent works (WerkI) was engaged on the design and construction of medium and heavy tank prototypes and it is probable that during the war certain serial production of tanks took place at the Henschel works in co-operation with Wegmann & Co. (see below).
HenschelHenschelstr. (l)
Werk I. The parent factory of Henschel is inmediately North of the town centre. This factory is the main locomotive-assembly works but is also reported to be important in the production of tanks, both of the heavy and the median types.
in 19. const capo: tre si
jenaehal
Ihese OTb! clast: ititte] of lei the oo hesTy OTlind oc^or a so teatir cprea

/Henschel
Rothenditmold (1)
Henaohel
Honaohol
Mittelfeld
0)
Wegmann  Co.
These works which are known as Werk III, are new believed to be the largest of the three Henschel plants. They are in the North-western suburb of Mittelfeld and are les3 than one mile to the North of Werk Ho They have been greatly extended since the outbreak of war. A.P.VJs and all kinds of heavy military vehicles are produced. Locomotive cylinders, chassis, gears and other engine components for supply to the main assembly plant are made at these works, which also include ermine-testing workshops as well as research laboratories, apprentice-training schools, and repair shops.
Bettenhausen (2)
This fir of railway wagon builders employed 600 workers before the war. They are now working in cooperation with Henschel on the assembly of medium and heavy tanks. Reports suggest that Wegmann now enploy more than 2,000 workers.
Scttmddt'sahe Heissdampf G.m.b.H.
Kassel
(3)
This fir are makers of a variety of locomotive ooEponents but specialise in superheaters, which they supply to almost the whole of the German locomotive industry
Gebr. Crede & Co.
Aueweg
(3)
Beck & Henkel
Piedlerstr. (-)
The Gebrüder Crede & Co. are makers of railway wagons and rolling stock. Their works are in the suburb of Niederzwehren Some 000 workers were employed before the war.
Wolfhagerstr. (-)
The Maschinenbau A.G. vom. Beak & Henkel employed same 300 workers in 1939 awl specialised in cranes, lifts, and lifting gear.
A. Bitter & Co. Gm.b.H
This fix specialises in electrio motors. Their works are in the Northern quarter of the town.
Ammunition Factory/
Werk II, is situated Just North-west of the main railway station and was greatly ertended in 1938-39 It is primarily engaged on the construction ccf boilers, and other major components and castings for locomotives, which are supplied to 7/erk I. for assembly,,
Jute Spinnerei
Salxmann A Oomp.
Aromunition Factory
Bettenhauaen
(-)
An ammunition factory is reported to have been opened in 1941 in the suburb of Bettenhausen and to be employing 2,800 workers. The works are said to be well camouflaged and to be built partly underground.
Textiles, Rayon, Pulp and Paper Spinnfaser A.G
Wohne tr.
(3)
This spinning mill, which produoes yarns from staple fibre, is adjacent to the Pieseler aircraft factory in Bettenhausen. Before the war the works had been repeatedly enlarged and was considered to be the largest mill of its kind in Europe. Some 4000 workers were employed in 1938 when the capacity of the works was 133000 Kg- of staple fibre per day. The works capacity is believed to have increased to 150,000 Kg. per day during the early part of the war.

Zierenbergerstr. (-)
Bio Jute Spinnerei u. Weberei Kaaoel A. d. are sack manufacturers and employed some 800 workers before the war. Their works are adjacent to the Henschel Werk II.
Bio weaving mills of this firm are in Bettenhausen immediately North of the railway station. They are makers of sail and tentcloth, wagon covers, and uniform material, and are inport ant suppliers to the armed forces.

KEHL-RHEIN (Baden)
48° 35' N. 7° 50' E: 410 miles: (12,200)

SandershÄuserstr. (3)
Kehl is a frontier town on the right bank of the
river Rhine. It is connected to Strassburg (France) by rail and road bridges over the river. Industrially Kehl is of no particular inportanoe but its state owned harbour, which has been considerably extended during the past 3ix years, is important,
In this area the prevailing traffic is in transit goods from and to France. Kehl was built in 1896 to ooapete with Strqssburg harbours. In 1938 the total turnover of traffio in Kehl was 1,995,000 tons. In the pre-war period. Strassburg handled a greater volume of traffio than any other inland port of Prance® Rhine traffio at Strassburg harbour 1929-1937 increased from 4.8 million tons to 5.4 million
tons and oanal traffic for tha same period lnoreased from 1.6 to 2.4 million ton.
The harbour inatallations of Kohl consist of three baaina 3,500 m. , 1,700 m. and 505 nu long respectively, having an average width of 80 mo There are eleotrio cranes, loading bridges, numerous coal dressing plants and extensive storage yards. Over half the inward traffic is from the Lowor Rhine and outward traffic is soaroely } of the inward. Commodities exported are wood, grain, potash, sods, clay, lignite ana chemicals. floods coming from tVunoe are potash, iron or“, basic slag, sods, salt, grain, bran and finished produots suoh as shaped iron, chemicals and large quantities of coal vis the Saar Canal and Rhine-Main Canal.
Transportation
Inland PortStraasborg(2)
(For details see above)
Railway Traffic centreStrassburg(3)
This traffic centre consists of marshalling and goods yards serving the port and of a junction of main lines leading across the Rhine to France

KSLSTCRBACK (Hesse)
See under Franltf ort/Main.

KEMPTEN (Bavaria)
47° 45 N. 10° 20' E: 435 miles: (28,000)
Kenpten is the chief town of the Bavarian Allglu and is principally a market town and a centre for the important Allgäu dairy industry. There are textile .Kills and an offset printing works, but apart from the ohemical works mentioned below, none of the town's industries is individually of note.
Chemicals and Explosives.
BlektroschmelswerlcKempten(3)
These works, which produce silicon oarbide, are reported to have been considerably expanded during the war. In 1939 they were employing some 200 workers.

KLAUSTHAL
See under CLAUSTHAL.

KIEL (Schleswig Holstein)
54° 20' N. 10° 10' E: 470 miles: (260,000)
Kiel, the capital of Schleswig Holstein, is situated at the Southern end of the Kieler Förde (Hafen). This bay, about 11 miles long and a quarter to 4 j miles broad, is considered one of the best havens in Europe. On its Western side is the mouth of the famous Kaiser Wilhelm (or Kiel) Canal, and on the Eastern side, the mouth of the river Schv.entiene.
Kiel is the principal base of the German Ilavy and in all respects entirely a naval town, with dockyards, victualling and fuel stores, shipbuilding, engineering and armaments works. The harbour provides anchorage for a large fleet and quick access to the North Sea through the Kiel Canal, which Joins the river Elbe at Brunsbuttelkog.
Thanks to the canal, Kiel i3 also safely connected by water with Hamburg, Tftnflgn and the Dutch ports. The Canal's total length from Kiel (Holtenau) to Brunsbuttelkog on the Elbe is 53 nautical miles and its depth 37,07 feet.
The double lock gates of the Canal are at its Eastern (Holtenau) end and so are the two Easternmost bridges over the Canal, the Levensau bridge and the Prinz Heinrich bridge. Both bridges carry roads, and the local railway line between Kiel and Flensburg passes over the Levensau bridge.
Thoro are two principal target areas in Kiel:-
a)Stretching from Gaarden to Monckeberg along the Eastern side
of the Kieler Hofen. In this area are the three great shipbuilding yards, the big underground oil-storage plant and ammunition stores, and, in the centre of the area, the largest Naval arsenal in Germany. Of outstanding importance is the construction of U-boats in this area.
b)Immediately at and partly to the West of the Mouth of the Kiel Canal, in the Holtenau-Wick district is a group of less important targets. These targets consist of the Canal lock gates and bridges, the power station, oil-storage depots, and 3ome Naval equipment works.
A third series of outlying targets includes a plant producing thin shell and air leads, as well as assembling torpedoes, and other plants manufacturing torpedo components, aeronautical instilments, signalling apparatus, and light-metal products.
Fifteen miles Northwest of Kiel at Eckenforde there is believed to be a new and important torpedo factory.
Lock gates of Kiel Canal
Holtenau
(3)
Iransportation
These lock gates at the entrance of the Canal, in the Holtenau area, are 1,082 feet long,
147 feet wide and 49,9 feet high. (Lock gates of the same dimensions are also at the other end of the Canal, at Brunsbuttelkog in the Elbe).
Kiel-Suchsdorf (3)
Road and rail bridge over Kiel Canal
There are two bridges over the Eastern end of the Canal; only one of these, the Levensau bridge, carries both road and rail.
Public/
Public Utilities
Städtisches ElektrizitätswerkWik
Owned by the "Städtische Licht u. Wasserwerke, Kiel, but operated by the "Vereinigte Grosskraftwerke Schleswig - Holstein G. m.b,H." Rendsburg, an operating company owned by the corporations of Kiel, Flensburg and Neumunster, the Kiel municipal thermal power station is situated on the Southern bank of the Kaiser Wilhelm canal in the Northern suburb of Kiel. The station has an installed capacity of
56 m.
There are two 60 kV lines connecting it to Rendsburg and Neumbnster respectively, and several 6 kV and lower voltage lines connecting it, it is believed, the small 6 MW power station on the Humboldtatrane, to 2 other small hydro stations, and to the power stations of the "Germania" and "Deutsche Werft" shipbuilding yards. These two latter power stations are under contract to supply electricity to the city network.
Adjoining this power station is a small substation with 3 or 4 6/60 kV transformers.
Städtische GaswerkeWik
The Kiel municipal gasworks are adjacent to the power station on the Southern bank of the Kaiser Wilhelm canal. In 1936, this works made 1,130 million cubic feet of gas.
Liquid Fuels and Substitutes
Commercial StorageWik
This oil storage despot is operated by a number of firms. Its capacity is 65,000 tons, and it is located on the Southern shore of the Canal Just West of the lock gates. It is not known to what extent the storage capacity is being utilized.
Underground Storage/
Underground StorageMönkeberg (-)
Underground Storage
Vossbrook (near(-) Seeflug Hafen)
Underground Naval Fuel Dumps
The oapaoity of this underground depot is not known but satisfactory ground intelligence indicates that naval fuel and motor spirit were in storage in large quantities in 1942,
Flembruder (-) see (11 Km.
West of Kiel.
Constructed ini 938 this Naval fuel depot consists of 25 subterranean fuel tanks, each with a oapaoity of 10,000 cbm. The Amy is located on the Western bank of the Flembruder See, 11 m. West of Kiel and about half a kilometre South of the Kiel Canal.
Submarine Refuelling BaseActerwehr- (3)
Flemhude (WeBt of Kiel)
Between Achterwehr and Flemhude (Quarnbeck) and the Kiel canal is a side-branch of the latter which, having become shallow, has now been dug out and transformed into an Important fuelling station for submarines.
The station comprises a large pumping station, a power plant, a small refinery with zuaerous sheds, workshops, eto., and a considerable number of large and small tanks spread over the area of several kilometres, partly underground and camouflaged.
Shipbuilding/
It is estimated that the storage capacity of this depot is in the neighbourhood of 180,000 tons. There ore a total of 24 tanks, and space within the site for a further 50 tanks.
Shipbuilding
Deutsche Werke Kiel, A.G.Kiel(l)
(formerly "Kaiserliche Werft";(East side of harbour}
This state-owned concern has two works, one on the Eastern side of the harbour and the other on the 'Western side, in Friedrichsort. The former of the two is known as "Werke Kiel" and is mainly engaged in building ships of every class and size and carrying out repairs on a large scale. 'Warships, including submarines, are constructed; and, since the last war, output has included the battleship "Gneisenau", the pocket battleship "Deutschland", the cruisers "Nürnberg", "Karlsruhe", and "Blücher", and the aircraft-carrier "Gref Zeppelin". The works cover an area of 75°>000 sq.metres with 4,700 metres quay frontage.
(This firm is also mentioned under Engineering and Armaments.)
Fried. Krupp Germaniawerft A.G.Gaarden(l)
These large shipbuilding yards are owned by Fried. Krupp A.G. of Essen. They are engaged on the construction of warships of all types, including submarines ard. also build merchantmen and coastal vessels. The yards which consist of 4 floating docks, 1 dry dock and 8 slips as well as 4 cornered slips are also well equipped to undertake all types of repair works to merchant and naval vessels.
Kriegsmarine Werft (formerly Howaldtswerke) Kiel l,North of (l)
mouth of Schwentiene)
The shares of the Howaldtswerke were acquired by the Deutsche Werke in Kiel, A.G., in 1937, and Howaldtswerke consequently came under the control of the Heichsinarine) and was renamed Kriegsmarinewerft. The works comprise engineering plants, boiler works, foundries, and shipyards. The shipyards have 9 floating docks (three are covered, and one is a pressure dock for the testing of U-boat hulls) and U-boat shelters. There are six slipways (one 34°' x 65', two 450' x 65', and three 470' x 65')
These yards have, since 194U, concentrated on building and repairing U-boats. The output of now U-boats during the period 29.6.4° to 31,7.43, is given as 32 x 500-ton boats plus another 5 seen building, making a total of 37.
Naval ArsenalWellingdorf (l)
This is the largest naval arsenal in Germai\y. It is situated at Wellingdorf between the Kriegsmarine Werft and the Deutsche Werke. The arsenal has been repeatedly extended in the course of the war and it is believed that the assembly of torpedoes is carried out here on a considerable scale.
/aircraft
Aircraft and Aero Engines
Kieler LeichtbauUhlenkrog(3)
The Kieler Leichtbau G,m.b. H. is believed to be engaged on the manufacture of aircraft components and other light metal products.
They are reported to be making components for the He. 111, including tail units, and to undertake repairs. The -works are in Hasses, a suburb of Kiel lying South West of the city.
Flugzeugbau KielNeisaühlen(3)
The Flugzeugbau Kiel G,m.b.H. are reported to be making aircraft floats and components.
The plant is in Neumühlen, a suburb to the East Kiel, on the Eastern side of the Kiel Fjord.
Engineering and Armaments
Deutsche Werke Kiel, A.GFriedrichsort(2)
These works known as "Werk Friedrichsort" are complementary to the shipbuilding works ("Werk Kiel") mentioned above under "Shipbuilding". The plant consists of engineering works and a foundry, which specialise in serial construction of auxilliary machinery for ships and of ships' pumps, as well as the manufacture of Diesel locomotives and high-speed Diesel engines. These works also manufacture aircraft catapults, ships' boilers and pumps, marine and stationary Diesel engines, gears etc. The works are well equipped with modern machinery and engine test-beds. It is believed that since 1939 at least one large department has been converted to make torpedo components and to assemble complete torpedoes.
Fried. KruppGaarden(2)
Fried. Krupp Germania Werft are makers of torpedoes, submarine components, ships' boilers, pumps and other naval, equipment.
They also make steam turbines and signalling apparatus on a fairly large scale.
ElektroakusticWeddigenring(2)
The Elektroakustic Gm.b.H. are important makers of hydrophones, listening apparatus, underwater signalling equipment and searchlights. The works were built in 1938 and went into full production early in 19V2. A large section is devoted entirely to the manufacture and assembly of listening apparatus for detecting the approach of aircraft. Another section of the works produces searchlights and the larger searchlight components.
raters '

All kinds of acoustical instruments and components are manufactured and the works includes an important experimental station. In ^%.2 at least 3,000
Elektroakustic (contd.)
workers were eirployed and it is believed that this number and the productive capacity of the works has since been largely increased.
HagenukHabsburger Hing
The Hanseatische Apparatebau Ges. Neufeld <1 Kuhnke (Hagenuk) were purchased in 1936 by the Th. Goldschmidt concern of Essen. They are makers of electrical si^mlling apparatus, marine telegraphs, temperature contidlers and voltage regulators for submarines, diving suits, and respirators. Other products of these works include bomb components such as fuzes and delayed-action meclianisms, torpedo components, and detonators for mines.
Thomsen & SchwarzkopfProzensdorferstr.
The products of this firm include torpedo motors and components and mechanisms for magnetic and other mines.
Auschlitz & Co.Keumuhlen-
Heikendorferweg
This firm specialises in sextants and navigational instilments and compasses, including gyroscopic compasses.
Torpedo IhctoryEckernfbrde Bucht
Ore mile South South East of the town of Eckenforde, which lies at the inner end of the Baltic Fjord of that name 15 miles to the Northwest of Kiel, there is a new torpedo factory which is now reported to be one of the largest in Germany. The factory buildings, which are on the water front, occupy an area of more then one square kilometre.
Staffs
Meierei VerbändeCanal docks
The Schleswig Holsteinische ileierei-Verbende food-storage plant lias a storage capacity of 12,000 tons. It is situated or. the canal docks to the West of the Prinz Heinrich bridge.

KLEVE (Rhineland)
51° 45' N. 6° 10' E: 270 miles: (23,000)
Kleve ia close to the Dutch border on the main line West of the Rhine from Holland to Western OernAiiy. It ia a Jmotion for tiro branch lines, one of which orosses the Rhine at Spyk to the North of Kleve. Pood Stuffs are the ohief industry and Kleve ia a centre for tlie dairy Industry of the Lower Rhinoland.
Transportation
Railway Repair ShopsKleve(3)
These are me di um- si zed repair shops mdertaking the repair of goods wagons.
Pood Stuffs
Van den BerghKleve(3)
These works, which formerly belonged to the Unilever cczicem, Include a large margarine factory and vegetable-oil crushing and refining plant,
Bemsdorp G.m.b.H.Kleve<(-}
This is a chocolate and cocoa factory adjacent to the margarine works mentioned above.

KOBLENZ (Rhineland)
50° 20' N. 7° 35' E: 350 miles: (86,000)
Koblenz is on the main railway line along the left bank of the Rhine and is a Junction for the line leading up the Llosel valley. The town is built at the point where the Mosel flows into the Rhine. Koblenz is a centre for the Rinne wine trade and has few other industries. It ia mainly important as a traffic centre.
Transportation
Inland HarbourKoblenz(3)
Koblenz is an important loading station for the barge traffic on the Rhine and Mosel. The quays are mainly along the right bank of the Mosel near to its junction with the Rhine and there is a small dock cn the opposite bank in the suburb of Lützel.
Railway JunctionKoblenz(3)
The main line along the left bank of the Rhine orosses the Mosel immediately before entering Koblenz. Prom the main railway station in the centre of the town an important branch loads up the valley of the Mosel (whioh it orosses .Vest of the town by a second bridge) to Trier, Luxemburg and Prance. A second branch diverges at the main station and orosses the Rhine to link with the trunk line of the right bank.
LRtzel marshalling yard.Koblenz(3)
To the North, across the Mosel, the Ltltzel marshalling yard has a capacity of 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling yara.Oberlahnstein
Situated approximately 5 miles south of Koblenz on the right bank of the Rhine, where the running Bast to Limburg and V/etzlar leaves the main North-South line to Wiesbaden and Frankfort, this yard has a capacity of 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Marshalling Yards.Koblenz(3)
West of the main railway station is the main marshalling yards capable of handling 2,600 wagons per 24 hours. A medium sized railway repair shop is adjacent to t he marshalling yards and, in addition to a goods station, there are 3idings leading to the coal yards aid gas works and to the loading quays along the right bank of the Mosel.
Public Utility Services
GasworksKoblenz (3)
In 1936 the Koblenz gasworks made 180 mill: cu. ft. of gas and bought a further 1?0 mill. ou. ft. from the Concordiahlitte Bendorf i. lingers a. Rhein.

KOHLFURT (Saxony)
51° 18' N. 15° 12' E: 660 miles: (2,800)
Kohlfurt is an important railway Junction 16 miles North-east of Gttrlitz, The main line from Liegnitz and the eaat divides into three, to the West to Cottbus, to the North west to Falkenberg and Berlin, and to the North to Frankfort/Oder.
Kohlfurt is on the Silesian group of electrified lines.
Tranaportat ion
Marshalling YardKohlfurt (3)
The marshalling yard has a capacity for handling 2200 wagons per 24 hours.

KUHLSCHELD (Rhineland)
See under Eschweller.

KOHLBERG (Pomerania)
45° 10' N. 15° 35' E: 680 miles: (37,000)
Kolberg is the only town of any size on that stretch of the Baltic coast which lies between Stettin and Danzig. In peace time it is a well-known coastal health resort and a large part of its activities have been hitherto concerned with the tourist traffic. The town is at the mouth of a river (the Persante) and there are good
line leads inland to Belgard on the main Stettin-Danzig route and Kolberg itself ia on the railway which follows the coast from&
good small-scale tiarbour facilities. In peace time, the port had a turnover of some 150,000 tons annually, the principal trade being in grain and timber. Kolberg has good rail connections. A direct
KBslin to Cammin. It is the most conveniently situated existingjctivitj
centre for activities on this part of the Baltic coast line.industr:
Apart from the small ohemical works mentioned below there were notituatic
peace-time industries worth noting.
Transpor tat ionwry is
Railway Repair ShopsKolberg(3)II
chief ft
These are mediumsj,zedshops undertaking thesitrimil
repair of goodswagons.transpoj
in; in 
Chemicals and Explosivestextiles
products
Extarikultur A.G.Kolberg(-)
This firm specialised in peace time in ointmentsnj
and oosmetios and employed some 3C0 workers.6K coo:
iut of

KÖLN-AM-RHEIN (Cologne) 
50° 55' N. 6° 55' E: 310 miles: (912,000)

Cologne is the centre of trade, traffic, and political activity in the Rhine Province. Although it possesses important industrial establishments, its chief significance lies in its situation at the crossing of a number of trade routes.
It is the main railway-centre in the Rhineland, and a very important inland port.
The geographical position of Cologne has been the chief factor in determining the nature of its industry. Its proximity to the Ruhr coalfields and its rail, road, and river transport facilities have caused the growth of firms specialising in light and heavy engineering, chemicals, building, and textiles; in peace-time Cologne was also noted for its luxury products, including chocolate and perfumery.
Since 1939 there has been an expansion of certain engineering works and other factories engaged on war production. These are concentrated mainly in Ehrenfeld, Kalk, and Mülheim to the East of the city on the right bank of the Rhine. Other industrial districts with a fair number of important war factories are Sülz, Bayenthal, Poll, Deutz, Nippes, Riehl, and Niehl. Further important industrial concerns are to be found in the outlying districts of Heumar, Porz, Rondorf, Hürth, Kalscheuren, Knapsack-Goldenberg, Berrenrath, and Brauweiler.
The built-up area of Cologne itself is of no importance from a purely industrial point of view, as it is composed mainly of residential areas with the appropriate shops, offices, and wholesale houses.
The population figure of 912,000 includes the outlying townships mentioned above.

1.Köln Hauptbahnhof
2.West Bahnhof
3.Süd Bahnhof
(3)
Danplatz-S.E. side Venloer Wall Iuxe;nburge ratr.
Eifeltor, Rangier Bahnhof
South of the City (2)
The above three stations deal only with passenger traffic.
Kalk-Nord Marshalling Yard
Kalk-Nord
(3)
In 1939 these marshalling yards had a capacity of 6,000 wagons per 24 hours.
lying East of the city, this marshalling yard had a capacity of 4,500 wagons per 24 hours in 1939.
Gflter-Bahnhof Nippes
Nippes
In 1939 the marshalling yards at Nippes had a capacity to deal with 3,500 wagons per 24 hours. They are adjacent to the Nippes goods yards.
Gereon
Gereon Bahnhof
lying North of the city and south of Nippes station, the main goods station and marshalling yards at Gereon had a capacity of 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Goods stations and Marshalling Yards
Deutz & Gremberg Bonner Wall & Luxemburge rs t r.
There is a large goods station at Deutz known as the Güter-3ahnhof Deutzerfeld, and South-east of the city lie the Gremberg marshalling yards; Other goods stations in the KBln area are at Bonner ,Vall and Luxembu rge rst ra s se.
ReichsbahnausbesserungswerkeNippes
This repair depot is reported to employ approximately 3,400 workers on the repair and maintenance of locomotives and goods wagons.
Rheinau HafenRight bank of
the Rhine
This is the customs and commercial harbour possessing 27 warehouses and sheds, with about 115,000 square metres of covered storage, 56 hydraulic and electric cranes capable of lifting up to 5 tons in 1939.
Kdlheimer HafenLeft bank of
the Rhine
This industrial harbour comprised 5 warehouses covering about 23,000 square metres of storage area before the war.
Niehl
Nie hier Hafen
This is a large industrial harbour with extensions, and one warehouse, covering
16,000square metres of storage area.
Deutzer Industrie-Hafen
Left bank of the Rhine
This is a transit harbour and handling port with modern facilities and large storage capacity.
KÖUf AM RHEIN (Cologne) (contd.) Publio Utility Services
Kraftwerk Knapsack-Goldenberg
(!)
Hflrth
(5 miles South-West of KBln)
This complex, owned by R.W.E., consists of six generating stations, four briquette works, and a chemical works.
The generating plant comprises the:-Goldenberg power-station530 MW capacity
Knapsack I""70MW"
Knapsack II""50MW"
Knapsack III""75MW"
Knapsack IV""75MW
Knapsack V""20MW"
The complex covers an area of about one-third of a square mile and is the largest concentration of thermal generating plant in Germany, having a total capacity of
820 MW. Brown coal is obtained from the neighbouring mines "Vereinigte Ville" and Berrenrath. Adjacent to the mines is a carbide plant which in 1936 had a capacity of 50,000 tons per annum.
R.W.E. Transformer StationBrauweiler(l+)
Covering an area of about 100 acres, this is the largest installation of its kind in Europe, and probably the largest sub-station in the world. There are 3 bus-bar systems for 220 kV and 5 for 110 kV. The main switching control of the turbo-generator sets at the Goldenberg generating station is carried out here, and the buildings contain a special generator set for line-testing as well as what was, before the var, the main control-roan of the R.W.E. There are A interbus transformers for 220/110 kV, one of which has a capacity of 80 MW., while the other three have individual capacities of 48 MW.
The plant also includes smaller transformers for local supply. The station is connected to Koblenz by a double circuit 380/220 kV line, and to Knapsack, Herdecke,
Wesel, and possibly Fortuna by 220 kV lines.
110 kV lines run to Knapsack, Osterrath,
Wesel, Funlingen, Kupoersteg, Hrftwerk and probably to Fortuna. The station therefore controls upwards of lg million ktf, a high proportion of the power consumption of the Ruhr. Information received states that connection has been established with the Liege-Bressoux power-station and thereby with the Belgian Grid.
Electricity Power StationKöln
This thermal plant lias an installed capacity of 23 MW. It also obtains current from the ß.W.iä. Fortuna station, and supplies Cologno.
Städtische GaswerkeEhrenfeld
This is the main .municipal gas-works which purchases from the Alsdorf section of the Thyssen Grid and from the Ruhrgas A.G. In 1936 sales were 2,4-00 million cubic feet of gas. Within the Cologne area there are several other small distributing works, including such as those at Nippes, Kalk and Mfllheim.
Rhein. Energie A.G.Deutz
This gasworks purchases from Cologne and in 1936 sold 130 million cubic feet of gas.
Liquid FUels
Kölner Benzin -RaffinerieBraunsfaid
In 1938 this oil refinery had a capacity of 4-,000 tons per annum.
Fritz Willi (MineralölwerkeBraunsfeld
vorm. M.Loeb)
The refinery and lubricating-oil plant owned by this firm had a capacity of
6,000tons per annum in 1938.
Rhonania-Ossag Mineralölwerke A.G.
This firm operates two plants in the Cologne area.
1.Th Klettenberg plant consists l) Klettenborg of a number of storage tanks
but is believed to be inactive.
2. This plant is estimated to2) Monheim produce approximately
115.000tons of petrol from crude oil per year. The plant has facilities for the manufacture of low grade lubricants for which its capacity is estimated to be
20.000tons per annum.
Deutzer OelgesellschaftDeutz
The firm operates a small oil refinely at Deutz. Nothing is known regarding its present activity.
Iron and Steel and Ferro-Alloy;; Aalzwerk A.G. vom.
E.Booking & Co.
Employing about 500 workers, the plant includes steelworks and rolling-mills. There are two electric steel furnaces and two open-hearth furnaces. Steel castings, shapes, and wire etc., are produced on a small scale.
MdI heim
(3)
Non-Ferrous ketal Manufacture and Fabrication
Vereinigte DeutscheEhrenfeld(3)
Metallwerke A.G.
This plant makes a variety of zinc products, such as etching plates, zinc wire, etc., also lead products including rolled lead, pipes, wire, and other manufactures.
Lindgens & Söhnek dl heim(-)
Vereinigte Blei- u. Zinnwerke G.m.b.H. (V.B.Z. )
Köln
(-)
In 1938 about 200 workers were employed on the production of white-lead, lead and zinc dyes, lead salts, eto.
Shipbuilding
Fritz Bausch
Deutz
(-)

The Cologne branch of this firm manufactures rolled lead, pipes, wire and other lead manufactures.
These shipyards are believed to be engaged on the repair of river barges only.
Engineering and Armaments
Felten & GuilleaumeMülheim
Carlawerk A.G.
This is the second largest cable works in Go many, occupying a total area of
300,000square metres, .all types of electric cables, copper, brass, bronze,
' aluminium and iron wire, steel hawsers, special armament components, and galvanised sheets are produced., and the plant includes a copper refinery with a capacity of 8,000 ton3 per annum, as well as a copper-rolling mill. The plant also manufactures wire-drawing machinery, and raw and semi-finished materials for wire making. The firm also makes equipment for wire works and mining installations.
In 1938 the estimated cable output in tons per annum was 30,000 and the capacity for copper wire products is now believed to be 25,000 tons. It is estimated that some 10,000 workers are employed.
Klflckner Humboldt-Deutz A.G.l) Deutz-
Mdlheimerstr.
2) Kalk-
Dillenburgerstr.
This firm has two factories at Cologne both engaged on the building of internal-combustion engines, including submarine engines, lorries (Magirus type), trucks, tractors, and fuel-injection pumps.
The Kalk works also manufactures cranes, loading bridges, belt conveyors, excavators, and rope-haulage plant. The Deutz factory is believed to employ 5/6,000 and the Kalk factory 10/12,000 workers.
Ford Motor Co. A.G.Niehl
This works has been extended since the war and is engaged not only on the production of motor vehicles and road tractors mainly for military purposes, but also on the manufacture of Ford engines for landing craft etc. and stationary power plants.
Lorry production is estimated at 35,000 per annum, and the number of workers at 6/9,000.
Hermann Kolb
Ehrenfeld
(3)
Drilling machines are manufactured by this firm, which employed some 500 workers in 1939.
J.Pohlig A.G.
Zollstock
(3)
Some 500 workers are believed to be employed here on the production of overhead railway conveyors, blast furnaces, and other steel plant equipment, - e.g. complete charging apparatus etc. Heavy goods hoists, lifts, lattice transporters, and coal-cleaning equipment are also manufactured.
Lnbert GeneratorenBraunsfeld(3)
The Braunsfeld factory of this firm is believed to employ 800 workers and tnanufactures portable gas-producers for wood and mineral fuels.
Feldmflhle Papier- u. Zellstoffwerke A.G. Ldlsdorf-Porz (3)
Kno.rn as Werk Koholyt-Lälsdorf and covering an area of 743,248 square metres, this works is believed to be an important manufacturer of silicon-carbide and oxide abrasives. It is also stated to be producing electrolytic alkali and to have produced in 1936 4,800 tons of caustic soda, 6,600 tons of chlorine, and 3,000 tons of bleaching powder. Power is obtained from the R.V.'.E. grid through the works' own switching and transformer station.
In 1939 some 4 50 workers were employed.
Heimat-KraftfahrparkEhrenfeld(3)
It has been reported that 400 workers are engaged here on the repair of military transport.
Kalk
Gottfried Hagen A.G.
This firm is the second-largest German manufacturer of accumulators and batteries (including submarine accumulators and battery containers). It also makes rubber goods, production of which is undertaken in two nearby works; and lead manufactures such as rolled lead, pipes, wire etc.
One of the two rubber plants is employed on the production of rubber thread and the other on the production of varied artioles, such as accumulator covers etc. In 1937 the company employed 2,000 workers.
Vereinigte WestdeutscheDeutz(3)
Waggonfabrik A.G.
Prior to the war some 2,200 workers were employed here on the manufacture of railway wagons, rail cars, tank wagons, etc.
Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke A.G. Ehrenfeld(3)
(vorm. Rheinische Sprengkapsel u. Zflndhfltchenfabrik)
This firm manufactures detonators, shell-fuzes, etc., and about 500 workers are employed.
Bamag Meguin A.G.Bayenthal(3)
This firm manufactures steel-works plant e.g. blast-furnace accessories, pig-breakers, pig-casting machines, steel furnaces and equipment, chemical plant, gears, and electrical equipment, and building machinery, and prior to the war employed 1,500 workers.
Citroenwerk PollPoll(3;
1,000workers are reported to be employed here on the repair and maintenance of military transport.
Meitowsky & Co. A.G.Porz(3)
This company belongs to the Pelten &
Guilleaume concern. It is an important manufacturer of insulators for high-and low-tension cables, condensers, switches, end insulated electrical apparatus.
Some 1,000 workers were employed before the war.
Alfred H.SoWltteDeutz(3)
This firm manufactures automatic machines, lathes, tools, grinding machines, and other machine tools.
It is believed to employ about 700 workers.
Gebräder Stollwerk A.G.Rheinau-Hafen(3)
This works includes a large engineering depai-tment which is now believed to be engaged solely on the manufacture of small arms components, minor aircraft components, etc. 600/800 workers are believed to be employed.
Rheinische WalzmaschinenfabrikEhrenfeld
G.m.b.H.
This firm manufactures cold—rolling mills and mills for rolling light-alloys.
Land- und Seekabelwerke A.G.Nippes
This firm manufactures all types of electrical cable and wire, as well as accessories and rubber goods. The estimated output was 2,500 tons per annum in 1938.
Rheinische Draht- u. KabelwerkeRiehl
Owned by Brown, Boveri & Co., Mannheim, this plant is engaged on the manufacture of cables and wires, including telephone cables. The estimated output in 1938 was 2,000 tons per annum.
Elektromotorenwerke Domhoff & Co.Horrem
This firm manufactures both A.C. and D.C. motors, from fractional horse-power up to about 100 h.p. together with polecharging motors and convertors.
Kerren 4 Co. G.m.b.H.KBln
This is a small factory manufacturing insulated cable and wire.
Elektro-Isolier Industrie Wahn-Porz-Wahn
Wilhelm Ruppert
This company specialises in the production of insulated wire and insulating materials.
(3)
(3)
(3)
(-)
(-)
(-)
Chemicals and Explosives
A.G. für StickstoffdüngerKnapsaok(?)
This factory, which is operated by the I.G. combine and which lies about 7 ton.
South-nest of Köln, was one of the chief producers of carbide prior to the war.
Cyanamide is manufactured by the Polzenius process, and other products include calcium cyanide, nitrates, ferro-silicon, and acetic acid. In 1938 the production of calcium carbide amounted to 250,000 tons,
60,000tons more than in 1937. la 1938/39 also, the plant's capacity for cyanamide was estimated at 38,000 metric tons of nitrogen, although actual production in 1938 only amounted to the equivalent of 23,000 metric tons of nitrogen. 2,000 workers are believed to be employed and the plant has its own power-station known as Knapsack I with an installed capaoity of 70 MW. (See also under Public Utility Services)
Chemische Fabrik Kalk G.m.b.H.Kalk(3)
Sulphuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acida, nitrates of ammonia, potash and soda, potash salts and compounds, soda ash, caustic soda, and fertilisers are produced here. The worksis believed to employ mere than 1,250 workers and produoes 4-o of Germany's total nitrate output. In 1928 the plant had the capacity to produce 10/20,000 tons of 100/ sulphuric acid.
Siegel & Co., G.m.b.H, (Sidolwerke)Braunsfeld(-)
Prior to the war about 1,150 workers were employed here on the production of metal-cleaning chemical preparations.
August Wegelin A.G.Kalscheuren(-)
Prior to the war some three hundred workers were employed by this firm on the manufacture of tar-products and carbon black.
Herbig Haarhaus A.G.Bickendorf(-)
This firm manufactures dyes, paints, and varnishes. In 1936 it employed some 500 workers and they are now reported to number only 300.
Westendorp & tfehner A.G.Köln(-)
This firm manufactures plates, films, and paper for the photographic industry.
Textiles, Rayon. Pulp and Paper
Glanzstoff CourtauldsNiehl(3)
Prior to the war some 800 workers were employed here on the manufacture of viscose rayon and staple fibre.
Tho daily output was 20,500 Kg. of rayon and 18,000 Kg. of staple fibre.
Felten & Guilleaume a.G.Köln()
Smber aa M
übe:

This factory of the firm manufactures rope and string, and in 1938 employed 300 workers.
Dellbruok
(3)

KÖLN AM RHEIN (Cologne) (contd.) Rubber and Tyrea
Radium Gunmiwerke m.b.H.
Rheinische Gummiwarenfabrik A.G. Franz Clouth
Nippes
(3)
This firm manufactures cycle tyres end tubes and a fairly considerable range of soft rubber goods. 500 workers were employed in 1938. The company is controlled by Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk.
Kölnische Gummifädenfabrik
Deutz
(3)
Bicycle tyres, rubberised cloth, and rubber goods fora the production of this factory which was formerly owned by Ferd. Kflhlatadt and Co. In 1939 seme 450 workers were employed.
Carl Plaat
Nippes
(-)
Rubber goods such as suction tubes and sanitary articles were produced by this firm before the war, and it then employed about 440 workers.
Atlantic Gum. iwerk (Alois Beyers)
Braunsfeld
(-)
Prior to the war some }60 workers were employed on the production of technical rubber goods.
Karl Richelsnagen-) Richard Gerling )
Köln
(3)
These firms are both Government-licenced re-treading concerns. Karl Richelshagen h a capacity to process 800 tyres per month, and Richard Gerling a capacity to process 650 tyres per month.
Peter Rost Gummiwaren- u. Packungafabrik
Köln
Joseph Bienefeld
Of snail individual importance these firms are both engaged on the manufacture of rubber goods. Normally, Peter Rost employed 400 workers on the manufacture of motorcycle tyres and mechanicals. Joseph Bienefeld produces rubber goods for medical and technioal nurposea, as well as rubber soling.-
Prior to the war this firm employed about 1,000 workers and was manufacturing proofing, medical goods, and anti-gas clothing. It is thought probable that, in wartime, this firm is also producing fuel tanks. "Radium" is a well-known German trade mark.
Foodstuffs
Auer Kühlenwerke A.G.Deutz(-)
This is a flour and grain storage mill with a milling capacity in 1938
5,000tons per day, and a storage oapacity of 200,000 tons.
Ley8ieffer & LietzmamDeutzer-Industrie- (-)
JHafen
In 1939 this flour and grain--storage mill had a milling capacity of 2,000 tons per day and a atorage capacity of 150,000 tons.
Hefftache Kunatmflhle A.G.Agrippina Werft (-)
Mülheim
Thia ia a grain-milling and atorage plant with a pre-war milling oapacity of 500 tona per day and a storage capacity of 40,000 tona.
Gebrüder StollwerkRheinau-Hafen(-)
In 1938 about 500 workers were employed on the production of food concentrates and chocolate preparations.

<1>the Eastern front. Four brash lines lead
from Königsberg to Pillar and Northwards to various small settlements on the Baltic coast. A further branch leads Southwards into the agricultural districts of East Prussia.
Goods StationKönigsberg(3)
A large goods station is situated on the South bank of the river Pregel immediately North of the main railway station.
Goods StationPalve(3)
A second goods station is in the Northern part of the town close to the railway station known as the Nordbahnhof.

<2>the Eastern front. Four brash lines lead
from Königsberg to Pillau and Northwards to various small settlements on the Baltic coast. A further branch leads Southwards into the agricultural districts of East Prussia.
Goods StationKönigsberg(3)
A large goods station is situated on the South bank of the river Pregel immediately North of the main railway station.
Goods StationPalve(3)
A second goods station is in the Northern part of the town close to the railway station known as the Nordbahnhof.

KÖNIGSBERG (Saat Prussia)
54° 40' N. 20° 30' E: 870 miles: (370,000)
Königsberg is the chief town of East Prussia and an important traffic centre and base for the German lines of communication to the Eastern front. The city is built on either bank of the river Pregel, which flows from East to West into the Frisches Eaff and thence into the Baltic. South of the river are the main railway station, goods and marshalling yards, and the docks and port area. North of the river is the main pa t of the city area and the Nordbahnhof passenger and goods stations. The chiehau ship-building concern of Danzig have large yards on the Pregel and these constitute the most important present-day industry in Königsberg. There are, however, several other factories connected with armament production, many of which are grouped on both sides of the Pregel in the South Western quarter of the town. Königsberg is an important flour-milling centre and grain-shipment port and has large storage facilities.
Trans po rt at ion  <3>  <4>
Port AreaKönigsberg(3)
The docks, which consist mainly of three open docks or harbors, are on the South bank of the Pregel in the South-west corner of the town. The Industriehafen is approximately 1,600 yards long by 200 yard3 wide. The Holzhafen to the West i3 equal in area to the Industriehafen.
The Freihafen to the East is the smallest of the three docks. The quays are well served with railway sidings and there are extensive storage sheds, grain silos, and oil tanks.
Railway JunctionKönigsberg(3)
Königsberg is on a main line leading from Danzig through Elbing and Königsberg to Insterburg where it connects with the direct railway route from Northern Germany to Lithuania and the Northern sectors of

<4>the Eastern front. Four brapeh lines lead
from Königsberg to Pillau and Northwards to various small settlements on the Baltic coast. A further branch leads Southwards into the agricultural districts of East Prussia.
Goods StationKönigsberg(3)
A large goods station is situated on the South bank of the river Pregel immediately North of the main railway station.
Goods StationPalve(3)
A second goods station is in the Northern part of the town close to the railway station known as the Nordbahnhof.

KÖNIGSBERG (oontd.)
Marshalling YardsKönigsberg
There are large marshalling yards South of the river Pigel and close to the main railway station. These yards can handle 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Numerous branches and sidings lead from these yards to the port area which lies one mile to the West.
Railway Repair ShopsKönigsberg
These large shops are believed to employ sane 1,500 workers and to undertake the repair of locomotives and rolling stock.
They are situated immediately South-east of the marshalling yards.
Public Utility Services
Power StationKönigsberg
The electric power station of the Ostpreussenwerk A.G. is on the North side of the river Pregel near to the Holländerbaum railway station. It has an installed oapaoity of 36 MW.
Gas WorksKönigsberg
The municipal gasworks are situated within the built-up area of the town.
In 1936 they made 1,800 million ou. ft. of gas.
Liquid Fuel8
Petrol StorageRathshof
Three large storage tanks belonging to the Rhenania Ossag, with a total capacity of 8,000 tons, are on the North side of the Pregel opposite the dock area and East of the Rathshof railway station. It is not known to what extent, if at all, these storage facilities are now utilized.
Petrol StorageIndustriehafon
Two large and six small tanks oelonging to the Rhenania Ossag, with a total capacity of 3,000 tons, are inside the dock area between the Industriehafen aai the Holzhafen.
Repair i'.'orks
Devau
(3)
KÖNIGSBERG ( contd.) Aircraft and Aero-Engines
The Königsbei-g airfield is on the bast side of the town in the suburb of Devau.
The workshops of the Deutsche Luft-Hunoa A.G. which are adjaoent to the airfield, are equipped to carry out aircraft repairs.
Schichau G.m.b.H.
Königsberg
(2)
Ship Building
The Schichau yards are on the South bank of the Pregel, half a mile downstream from the Holzhafen. Naval auxiliaries, mine-layers, small torpedo boats, and M.T.B's are built. There are two main slipways and a third smaller slipway where M.T.B.'s can be constructed.
The yards have two floating docks where, in June 1943. seven submarines were undergoing repairs. ,A third float mg dock is used for general ship repairs.
In addition to shipbuilding the Schichau works produce torpedoes^ A.A. shells (probably for naval use,, and other ammunition. They also construct bridge parts, steel pontoons, and ships' equipment.
Several thousand workers are employed, including a large proportion of foreign labour.
Otto KuczewskiNettelbeckstr.(3)
To the East of Königsberg the river Pregel flows in two channels. On the South bank of one of these, the Alte Pregel, in the South-eastern quarter of the town, are the shipbuilding yards of Otto Kuczewski, where small st-amers are built and repaired and boilers and ships engines constructed.
Engineering and Armaments
SteinfurtHolateinerdamm(3)
The Waggonfabrik Steinfurt A. G. have their works on the North bank of the Pregel close to the Rathshof railway station.
They are builders of railway wagons and passenger coaches. Their capacity in 1939 was estimated to be 2,000 standard 20—ton trucks per annum. In 1939 they employed some 1,200 workers, having increased their activity three-fold, during the previous four years.
OdinwerkAweider Allee(-)
The Odinwerk Maschinenfabrik u.
Giesserei Bartlick u. RÄgler employed some 300 workers before the war and make M.V. components and machinery.
The works are in the South-east quarter of the town.
Optische Werke HolsteinKönigsberg(3)
The Optische Werke Holstein are reported to have a factory in Königsberg making reflectors, aircraft detectors, and similar apparatus.
Oster & Co.Weidendainm(-)
This firm employed 200 workers before the war and manufactures high-pressure steel gas-cylinders.
Pertrix G.m.b.H.Hermann Goeringstr.(-)
The Pertrix Ostpreussische Elemente u.
Bat to rief ab rlk G.m.b.H. ore makers of smkll electric batteries and elements mainly for domestic use.
Viktoria GiessereiCranzer Allee(-)
The Viktoria Eisengiesserei u. Maschinenfabrik Fritz Wittmoser are iron founders id makers of gun parts. Their works are 1 the North-eastern suburb of Rothenstein.
Textile;. .ayon. Pulp and Paper
FeldmflhleHolsteiner Damm(3)
FeldmühleSackheim(3)
The Feldmflhle Papier u. Zellstoffwerke A.G. have two large factories in Königsberg which formerly belonged to the Koholyt A.G. Both these factories have a similar range of products and make sulphite pulp. One of these factories, known as the Cosse works, is on the North bank of the Pregel opposite the dock area and the other, known as the Sackheim works, is East of the town on the North bank of the Neue Pregel in the suburb of Liep.
KÖNIGSBERG (contd.) Pood Stuffs
Gustav KarowHolsteiner Damm(-)
This firm is a flour mill with a pre-war estimated daily output of 100 tons, situated on the North bank of the Pregel opposite the dock area and near to the Pregel railway station.
LagerhausHolsteiner Damm(-)
The grain silos and food-storage warehouses of the Königsberger Lagerhaus A.G. are adjacent to the Karow flour mill mentioned above. The silos had storage capacity for 60,000 tons of grain.
KühlhausHolsteiner Damn(-)
The large cold-storage warehouse and ice-making plant of the Königsberger Kühlhaus u, Kristall-Eis Fabrik A.G. is on the North bank of the Pregel close to the railway bridge.
Groin SilosIndustriehafen(-)
Large grain storage warehouses are situated between the Industriehafen and the Freihafen.

KÖNIGSHULD (Silesia)
50° 45' N. 18° E: 785 miles: (1,000)
Königshuld is ten miles North East of Oppeln on the river Malapane, a tributary of the Oder. Apart from the V0HAG works mentioned beloved, there are no other industries.
Engineering and Armaments
V0HAGKönigshuld(3)
These works of the Vereinigte Oberschlesische Hüttenwerk A.G. comprise forging and pressing olant. Agricultural implements are the principal products of the Königshuld branch.
Further details regarding the V0HAG are given undor Gleiwitz.

KONSTANZ (Baden)
47° 40' N. 9° 10' E: 495 miles: (38,000)
Konstanz is at the Western end of Lake Constance at the point where the Rhine flows out of the lake. The town's railway connection with Germany consists of a branch line from Singen which at Konstanz Joins the Swiss railway along the Southern shore of the lake. To the North Konstanz is cut off from the German shore by the North-western arm of the lake. The town extends into Switzerland and the frontier passes through the Southern suburbs. It is a health resort. The industries, which include book printing, textile fancy goods, and a few small chemical works, are unimportant, except for the works listed below.
Chemicals and Explosives H. I. A. G.
Konstanz
(5)
Kornwestheim
Known by the name of Holzverkohlungs-Industrie A.G. (ii. I. A.G. ) this is a subsidiary undertaking of the Deutsche Gold- und Silbersoheideanstalt. Before the amalgamation in 1926 H.I.A.G. headquarters were in Konstanz together with the reassert laboratories. Before the war the works were known to be engaged on producing chemicals based on ethyl alcohol as the raw material: this is presumed to have now ceased. Wood distillation was one carried out on a considerable scale but, in view of the present unimportance of this product, production of it may have ceased. This remains, however, an important centre for developing chemical processes.

KORNWESTHEIM (Wurttemberg)
48° 55' N. 9° 10' E: 450 miles: (12,000)
Kornwestheim is five miles North of Stuttgart and two miles South of Ludwigsburg. It is an important railway marshalling centre for the Stuttgart goods traffic. The principal industry is a large boot and shoe factory and the engineering works mentioned below.
Transportation
Karslialling Yards
loss
siring & ltrP in 5Hr Si to Qod
k del ton coo flosei
to pro iwri
To the West of the town are large marshalling yards capable of handling 4,000 wagons per 24 hours. These are the largest yards serving the Stuttgart area which includes not only Stuttgart itself but also Iudwigsburg, Waiblingen, Böblingen and Sindelfingen.
Engineering and Armaments
A. Stotz A.G.Komwestheim(3)
These works include an iron foundry and forging shops and employed some 900 workers before the war. Their products include heavy chains and conveyors.
Leather
Salamander A.G.Komwestheim(3)
The Sal einander A.G. are the largest German boot end shoe manufacturers.
At their factory in Komwestheim they are reported to employ seme 3,000 workers, including a large proportion of foreign labour. The factory is alongside the railway, close to the Komwestheim railway station.

KOSEL (Silesia)
50° 20' N. 18° 10' E: 800 miles: (15,000)
Kosel is on the right bank of the Oder 25 milee West of Gleiwitz. It is a railway Junction of importance to th^ coalmining and heavy industries of Upper Silesia. There is a large inland harbour serving the waterborne coal traffic from Upper Silesia which is here loaded on to the Oder barges.
The Klodnitz Canal (now renamed Adolf Hitler Canal), which was nearing completion in 1939, leaves the Oder at Kosel and leads to Gleiwitz where an extensive coal trans-shipment port has been constructed. This canal has probably reduced the importance of Kosel as regards coal trans-shipment but on the other hand Kosel ha3 acquired additional value as an inland port owing to its proximity to the synthetic-oil plants at Blechhammer and Deschowitz.
Inland Harbour
Kosel
(2)
Transportation
The inland harbour in to the North of the town and consists of three docks entered from a basin cut out of the Eastern bank of the Oder. The docks are served by an extensive system of railway sidings and are capable of handling 3? million tons per annum, 95?^ of which in peacetime was coal.
The Klodnitz canal leaves the Oder immediately to the South of the dock area. A pipeline connects the Schaff got tsch' sehe synthetio-oil plant at Deschowitz with the inland harbour of Kosel. Deschowitz is six miles to the North. Blechhammer, where there are 2 large synthetic-oil plants, is six miles East of Kosel and is situated on the Klodnitz Canal.
Marshalling YardsKosel
There are large marshalling yards to the East of Kosel near to the small town of Heydebreck (or Kandrzin) two miles fron Kosel itself. Prom these yards the sidings diverge which serve the inland docks.
Railway Repair ShopsHeydebreck
These are medium-sized repair shops undertaking the repair of goods wagons.

KÖSLIN (Pomerania)
54° 10' N. 16° 10' E: 710 miles: (33,000)
Köslin is on the main line from Stettin to Danzig approximately halfway between the two. It is eight miles from the Baltic and is the Junction for a branch line which follows the coast Westwards to Kolberg. The town is mainly an agricultural centre. There is a small fish-canning industry, a paper factory, and two firms making agricultural implements and machinery; but none is of importance.

KOSWIG
See under COSWIG.

KOTTBUS
See under COTTBUS

KÖTHEN (Anhalt)
51° 45' N. 12° E: 520 miles: (29,000)
Köthen is on the main line from Magdeburg to Halle and is six miles .Vest of Dessau. A line from Dessau to Bemburg and Aschersleben crosses the main line at Köthen. The principal industry is the highly important Junkers works mentioned below. Köthen.'s other activities include sugar refining and a few small engineering firms.
Transportation
Railway JunctionKöthen(3)
The line from Dessau Joins the main North to South line in the Northern part of the town and the line to Bernburg diverges from it in the Southern part of the town. This Bast to "'eat connection is the railway link between the Junkers works at Dessau, Köthen,
Bernburg, and Asohersleben, a total distance of 30 miles. There are marshalling yards to the South of Köthen.
Railway .depair ShopsKöthen(3)
These shops undertake the repair of goods wagon3 and locomotives.
Aircraft and Aero Bngines
JunkersKöthen(l)
The Köthen aero-engine works of the Junkers Flugzeug u. Motorenbau G.m.b.H. has for some years been the largest serial production unit for Junkers aero-engines. They have been primarily engaged on the production of the Jumo 911 engine, but there were signs in 1943 that they were turning over to production trials for newly developed designs.
In 1942 they were reported to be employing
15,000workers.. Bernburg, the main Junkers assembly plant, is six miles to the '.Vest of Köthen.

KRAIBURG
See under MÜHLDORF 

KREFELD (Rhineland)
51° 20' N. 6° 35' E: 285 miles: (170,000)
Krefeld lies on the west of the Rhine, some 15 miles N.W' of Dasseldorf, and is one of the most important railway lunations in Western Germany, In addition to numerous seoondary lines, fcr main lines meet at Krefeld., namely from Holland in the N.W,, Belgium in the S.W,, Dasseldorf in the 5.E., and the Ruhr in the N.E.
snv manufacture, of which Krefeld was the centre Before the war, is now of secondary importance since the development of the Deutsche Edelstahlwerke A.G, which specialises in the production of special steel particularly for the aircraft industry. There are also several light engineering works.
Krefeld has been heavily damaged by boobing. The damage is oonsentrated in the oeixtre of the town and in the area surrounding the Adolf Hitler Strasse and the West Wall.
The nearby town of Uerdingen i3 described under its own heading.

Transportation
Marshalling Yards
Krefeld
These yards, lying near the main station, are at the South-eastern end of the Ruhr industrial area at the point where the very heavy East-West traffic from the Ruhr splits, part going &,£. to Cologne and the Rhine valley and part going S.W. to Aachen, and Belgium and France. The capacity of the yards before the war was 2,000 wagons per 24 hours.
Railway Repair ShopsOppun
These workshops are situated in the Eastern suburb of Oppum. In 1927 there were 78 passenger coach and 130 wagon repair stands
In 1937 the umber of employees was 1 ,200.
(3)
Publio Utility Services
Gasworks
Krefeld
These gas works are owned by the Minldpelity and are situated within the built^rp area of the town. In 1937 they purchased 62 million nd sold 520 mini an cubic feet of gas.
KREFELD (contd.) Iron and Steel
EdelstahlwerkeGladbacherstr. (l)
The Deutsche EdelstahlwerteA.G. is a subsidiary company of the Vereinigte Stahlwerke A.G. of Düsseldorf: it is situated in the extreme South V/est of Krefeld. This woHcs is a special steel producer 'par excellence' and among the fabricators concerned with the production of rolled nickel, used principally in the manufacture of annodes, sheets, rods, bars and tubing. The estimated productive capacity is believed to be 250 tons per annum. (222 tons were produced in 1958).
It has two steel plants in Krefeld, whose combined capacity is estimated at about 250,000 tons per annum of open-hearth and electric steel. The works is also one of the principal consumers of ferro-alloys. In 1937 there were some
6,000workers. The factory has its own station and railway sidings.
Engineering and Armaments
Dornbusch & Co.Industriestr.(-)
The engineering works of Dornbusch & Co. are situated in the Western quarter of the town, and employed some 250 workers in 1939 on the manufacture of various types of engraving machinery and presses.
J.Kleinewerfers SOhneIndustriestr.(-)
This plant is adjacent to the Dornbusch works and made textile machinery. The company employed some 250 workers in
1939.
Carl ZangsOberdiessemerstr, (-)
The works of the Maschinenfabrik Carl Zangs A.G. are in the Southern part of the town immediately to the East of the Hauptbahnhof. They employed some 800 workers in 1938 on the manufacture of all types of looms and other textile machinery. Their present activity is not known.
diempelkampKitterstr.(-)
G.Siempelk&mp & Co, whose works are situated in the centre of the town, make hydraulic presses and other machinery for the textile and chemical industries. They employed some 400 workers before the war.
Titanit Hartmetall G.m.b.H.Krefeld
This i3 a subsidiary of Deutsche Edelstahlwerke of Krefeld (see under Iron and Steel). They manufacture carbides which are used in the manufacture of tips for machine tools.
Krefelder StahlwerkeKrefeld(3)
This firm is one of the chief manufacturers of rolling mills and rolling mill equipment. They specialise in the manufacture of rolls.

KP
(3)
KRIMflITSCHAU
See under CRIMMITSCHAU

KRÜMMEL (Schleswig Holstein)
See under Düneberg

KRUPPAMÜHLE (Silesia)
50° 35' N. 18° 35' E: 810 miles: (1,000)
Kruppamflhle is in Upper Silesia 10 miles East of Oppeln and near to the railway station of Keilerswalde on a branch railway leading from Oppeln to Tamowitz (in Poland) and within 3 miles of the former Polish frontier. Apart from the explosives factory mentioned below there is no industrial development but the pre-war population will now have been largely increased presumably by the erection of workers' camps.
Chemicals and Explosives
Lignose Sprengstoff G.m.b.H.Kruppamflhle(2)
This factory is operated by the Lignose Sprengstoff G.m.b.H., but, owing to its inaccessible situation in Upper Silesia, there is very little up-to-date information regarding its activities.

/The
KRUPPAMÖHLE (Contd.)
Lignose Sprengstoff G.m.b.H. (contd.)
The factory covers a large area and is believed to be well equipped; but, owing to its bad strategic situation in close proximity to the former Polish frontier, it does not appear to have been much used for military purposes until some time after the invasion of Poland. Ground reports since that date suggest that the factory has now become of great importance, and although tnere is no air reconnaissance to confirm this, the reports must be considered of substance in view of the strategic situation of the plant, which is now as favourable as it was at one time dangerous.
It has been reported that the factory manufactures hexanitrodiphenylaadne, tetryl and T.N.T., and that it has its own nitric-acid plant. It has also been reported that the factory makes nitroglycerine and nitrocellulose. It is not common practice to manufacture high explosives and propellant explosives in the same plant, but since the Kruppamühle factory was used for many years for the production of raining explosives, it probably has a nitroglycerine plant, and for this reason a propellants section may have been developed.

KÜSTRIN (Brandenburg)
52° 35' N. 14° 40' E: 630 miles: (22,000)
Küstrin is situated 20 miles North of Frankfurt a. d. Oder on the right bank of the uder, on the tongue of land formed by the junction of the tributary .iarthe with the main stream. To the East of the town the channels of the Warthe form an extensive area of marshland. A large garrison was stationed in Küstrin before the war. It is on the main line from Berlin through Schneidemflhl to Danzig and to Danzig and to East Prussia and is a railway Junction of some importance. The town's activities are largely concerned with agriculture and there are some anall engineering work's making agricultural implements. A large cellulose factory which was recently built in Küstrin is mentioned below.
Railway Junction
Küstrin
(3)
Transportation
The main West to East railway passes over three bridges inside the town area, two across the Oder which at this point divides to form an island, and one across the Warthe. A second main line coming fron the direction of Silesia along the right bank of the Oder crosses the Warthe by a fourth railway bridge and Joins the main track in the Northern part of the town.
This line continues Northwards, forming a direct route between Silesia and Stettin.
Two further branch lines lead from Küstrin into the Eastern parts of Brandenburg.
Railway Repair ShopsKüstrin(3)
These are medium sized repair shops undertaking the repair of goods wagons. Adjacent to the repair shops are marshalling yards and a goods station.
Zellstoff Fabrik
Küstrin
(3)
Textiles, Rayon. Pulp and Paper
Prior to the war the Zellstoff Fabrik Küstrin A.G. produced viscose staple fibre at the rate of 60 tons per day. The company was formed in 1936 with the object of erecting this new factory which first went into production in 1938.
Kartoffelmehl Fabrik
Küstrin
(-)
Food Stuffs
The Norddeutsche Kartoffelmehl Fabrik G.m.b.H. are producers of potato flour, starch and other potato products.