Python_Crash_Course.ipynb

{
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EsQcgUaFiUBX"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Python Crash Course\n",
        "\n",
        "Please note, this is not meant to be a comprehensive overview of Python or programming in general, if you have no programming experience, you should probably take my other course: [Complete Python Bootcamp](https://www.udemy.com/complete-python-bootcamp/?couponCode=PY20) instead.\n",
        "\n",
        "**This notebook is just a code reference for the videos, no written explanations here**\n",
        "\n",
        "This notebook will just go through the basic topics in order:\n",
        "\n",
        "* Data types\n",
        "    * Numbers\n",
        "    * Strings\n",
        "    * Printing\n",
        "    * Lists\n",
        "    * Dictionaries\n",
        "    * Booleans\n",
        "    * Tuples \n",
        "    * Sets\n",
        "* Comparison Operators\n",
        "* if,elif, else Statements\n",
        "* for Loops\n",
        "* while Loops\n",
        "* range()\n",
        "* list comprehension\n",
        "* functions\n",
        "* lambda expressions\n",
        "* map and filter\n",
        "* methods\n",
        "____"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "NZk7LvWXiUBf"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Data types\n",
        "\n",
        "### Numbers"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qHA3q5b3iUBh",
        "outputId": "51dae035-538e-4d97-ef5a-c7893a0c4205"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "2"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 6,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 + 1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "msBGk8opiUB0",
        "outputId": "2004ac64-210a-476f-b058-862bbd01946f"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 7,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 * 3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0sLCb7mRiUB2",
        "outputId": "625e04dd-b43b-4842-a2d9-5ccae2d77cc9"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0.5"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 8,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 / 2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Jr7WoTvjiUB3",
        "outputId": "96748fc2-3ced-4ae3-ca46-3d9b8c10b24d"
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      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "16"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 9,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "2 ** 4"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_9nTdXVNiUB5",
        "outputId": "903481c7-0a3e-4be9-c976-2f6998318321"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 10,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "4 % 2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EzBwrirdiUB6",
        "outputId": "1e8b9ebb-b559-41ed-c708-2851c809bd23"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "1"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 11,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "5 % 2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Pmx6VgqCiUB8",
        "outputId": "33c518d7-521f-4168-897c-f20ee614974b"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "50"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 12,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "(2 + 3) * (5 + 5)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Grrnd0zLiUCA"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Variable Assignment"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "U23N5jDXiUCB"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "# Can not start with number or special characters\n",
        "name_of_var = 2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "zXuNRT61iUCC"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "x = 2\n",
        "y = 3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "jmM52vNQiUCE"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "z = x + y"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5EXn0xO0iUCI",
        "outputId": "1436d310-138d-4bcc-9c22-f44b0c39b49f"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "5"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 16,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "z"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "k5rGfAupiUCJ"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Strings"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-l7qZSbuiUCK",
        "outputId": "be0c9964-fdd7-43a1-c8cb-fc11b345cb96"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'single quotes'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 17,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "'single quotes'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xX4qVNyciUCM",
        "outputId": "4d3f66b3-c539-4caa-9725-7ec1a808c092"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'double quotes'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 18,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "\"double quotes\""
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GIYQBZr_iUCO",
        "outputId": "db7c7404-11cb-4e44-955d-733d3ac3e3c0"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "\" wrap lot's of other quotes\""
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 19,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "\" wrap lot's of other quotes\""
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CJjxhul5iUCQ"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Printing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "NpsApuOfiUCR"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "x = 'hello'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Wwv21pf-iUCS",
        "outputId": "3fae1155-5967-44d7-9bf8-284a66c6122f"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 21,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "x"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "JIRgvZRciUCj",
        "outputId": "8b66e370-be0e-43c3-ca2b-528b41b32f38"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "hello\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "print(x)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "Uaz5z_ZLiUCl"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "num = 12\n",
        "name = 'Sam'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "OHxi-YmGiUCn",
        "outputId": "57a5271e-8f8e-4931-85a1-dacabd0d228f"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "My number is: 12, and my name is: Sam\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "print('My number is: {one}, and my name is: {two}'.format(one=num,two=name))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YSJ8foT-iUCo",
        "outputId": "8520254d-3c82-4570-f5a9-eed66c2bb1b1"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "My number is: 12, and my name is: Sam\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "print('My number is: {}, and my name is: {}'.format(num,name))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5TJLC9yDiUCp"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Lists"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "wWouWHc6iUCq",
        "outputId": "cd633e2c-24fd-4cca-9582-4fde0dcd41a2"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 26,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "[1,2,3]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "9OyH7i1AiUCr",
        "outputId": "6c7dbba7-023a-4622-9b6e-0e0ddc04e07b"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['hi', 1, [1, 2]]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 27,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "['hi',1,[1,2]]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "UM3oNuJLiUCs"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "my_list = ['a','b','c']"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "icAbvTjbiUCt"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "my_list.append('d')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "d_H3dbMRiUCv",
        "outputId": "c702bf1e-5ebc-43bd-be08-b73307abd022"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 30,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_list"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8bNjHaPniUCx",
        "outputId": "21825376-e0e9-4018-8858-5a32a3b4c4b8"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'a'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 31,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_list[0]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fKKFTm_liUCy",
        "outputId": "d05945a2-f094-49e7-9672-ee2e270b021d"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'b'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 32,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_list[1]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "wAmRrAHxiUCz",
        "outputId": "28b7a601-862d-4ff2-e778-9c380007fe68"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['b', 'c', 'd']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 33,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_list[1:]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "WLkkdC99iUC0",
        "outputId": "8d7166f5-3252-476b-a0e6-e4093c8556a7"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['a']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 34,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_list[:1]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "Y9uRqr5FiUC2"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "my_list[0] = 'NEW'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Tdrh-YXCiUC4",
        "outputId": "33766de7-a9b1-48f4-ec07-364ea5589ddd"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['NEW', 'b', 'c', 'd']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 98,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_list"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "zL6ZR8a_iUC9"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "nest = [1,2,3,[4,5,['target']]]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "6r1sj7FkiUDA",
        "outputId": "e5932e8a-56bf-48b1-f1c1-ce020b308934"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[4, 5, ['target']]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 100,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "nest[3]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fnfuA827iUDE",
        "outputId": "6374e6d3-7b12-4919-aed1-15be1b5f6894"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['target']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 101,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "nest[3][2]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BVsnDma2iUDF",
        "outputId": "6eb096ff-57ed-4e29-8003-51511f96011c"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'target'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 102,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "nest[3][2][0]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "wcQ5eM8niUDU"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Dictionaries"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "t6LmA9PwiUDV"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "d = {'key1':'item1','key2':'item2'}"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "HBkXOO6ziUDY",
        "outputId": "69429e8a-dc7e-4b47-b480-e0c0e1cf298a"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'key1': 'item1', 'key2': 'item2'}"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 38,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "d"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "jR2l8zjMiUDb",
        "outputId": "e9c3d919-33f2-412b-ac73-9a654160093c"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'item1'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 39,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "d['key1']"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "00Mm9fFRiUDc"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Booleans"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zQh6_IOyiUDi",
        "outputId": "942d4184-282f-463b-d27b-ee60c3776e5c"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 40,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "True"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dubvD1RAiUDl",
        "outputId": "8c67cebb-dd00-4c4a-a262-96e4d1ce61a0"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 41,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "False"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BIL_EVeIiUDt"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Tuples "
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "NbyTm1FaiUDu"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "t = (1,2,3)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "v_N1ocUgiUDv",
        "outputId": "9553397a-cde0-457c-ba82-520ad63556d0"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "1"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 43,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "t[0]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LGqQoM9oiUDx",
        "outputId": "76d5c876-0fab-4212-e1fd-006a5982a91c"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "'tuple' object does not support item assignment",
          "output_type": "error",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-44-97e4e33b36c2>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mt\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'NEW'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "t[0] = 'NEW'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "p1ikGikhiUD0"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Sets"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xafmcK40iUD1",
        "outputId": "2bbdd58f-fa37-4026-b7d4-53fb0264bf6e"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3}"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 45,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "{1,2,3}"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "IzMnQmJ2iUD3",
        "outputId": "1138dfa4-030a-4954-98f9-2f0c587cce90"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3}"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 46,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "{1,2,3,1,2,1,2,3,3,3,3,2,2,2,1,1,2}"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "aWnw1xziiUD4"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Comparison Operators"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BEuodzwyiUD6",
        "outputId": "c61b355b-91f5-46c6-b18b-e66fc36664be"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 47,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 > 2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7GzD2k-PiUD7",
        "outputId": "edc28669-11b8-4f9b-cf1e-c1a8a4feb46a"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 48,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 < 2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oXXk7K4viUD9",
        "outputId": "e9024206-cd1f-451b-d637-97fb5618757b"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 49,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 >= 1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "P4KaG0QGiUEA",
        "outputId": "cec4e7dd-784d-430f-a50f-b2ec8a3326a7"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 50,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 <= 4"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "a2dsP1DIiUEC",
        "outputId": "6aff1d0d-e05b-4fb6-b39e-0b1cd49a64e2"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 51,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "1 == 1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DvrlmCcAiUED",
        "outputId": "0dd6e909-ce7d-41a1-d963-a7f0ac347280"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 52,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "'hi' == 'bye'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "bdU3GAsTiUEF"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Logic Operators"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "cfvfvdBRiUFL",
        "outputId": "13f8a886-0cb0-45e3-c408-d53bbdf992e0"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 53,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "(1 > 2) and (2 < 3)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "szXmEEHeiUFN",
        "outputId": "921bf491-36be-43a4-f581-d29726e0d0c4"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 54,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "(1 > 2) or (2 < 3)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YYBFMX_BiUFU",
        "outputId": "5abe0a2b-a86e-4efe-d9f5-9ebb6dd71f12"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 55,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "(1 == 2) or (2 == 3) or (4 == 4)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "jjDNwfUHiUFW"
      },
      "source": [
        "## if,elif, else Statements"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "N954cD5IiUFY",
        "outputId": "0104d296-1c0b-4c62-eeb3-c9645625caeb"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Yep!\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "if 1 < 2:\n",
        "    print('Yep!')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "SXjzwuLeiUFh",
        "outputId": "1e45b163-6759-4334-c7f7-40d6e2c74410"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "yep!\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "if 1 < 2:\n",
        "    print('yep!')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dq3swetSiUFl",
        "outputId": "4398fd8e-c996-407c-d2a6-457593cd7148"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "first\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "if 1 < 2:\n",
        "    print('first')\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    print('last')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vyzRmes-iUFp",
        "outputId": "9a0dad53-b9a6-4b6d-a1f1-de65c7e32eb4"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "last\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "if 1 > 2:\n",
        "    print('first')\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    print('last')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "a_XAX13riUFr",
        "outputId": "c9f79c72-7931-4a6b-e66a-eb2800c4eff1"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "middle\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "if 1 == 2:\n",
        "    print('first')\n",
        "elif 3 == 3:\n",
        "    print('middle')\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    print('Last')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "h2YXRzOpiUFs"
      },
      "source": [
        "## for Loops"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3KGqDA-NiUFu"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "seq = [1,2,3,4,5]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Fr1x8UuGiUFv",
        "outputId": "74f41461-29c3-41a4-9714-faa128fe1b2e"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "1\n",
            "2\n",
            "3\n",
            "4\n",
            "5\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "for item in seq:\n",
        "    print(item)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gz-GattviUFw",
        "outputId": "dd00a8fa-e9b4-4131-ea05-c368cae99aa8"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Yep\n",
            "Yep\n",
            "Yep\n",
            "Yep\n",
            "Yep\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "for item in seq:\n",
        "    print('Yep')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nf2I7rCRiUF0",
        "outputId": "33a7a1d5-e415-42e3-ed49-dbcc2559a4a6"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "2\n",
            "4\n",
            "6\n",
            "8\n",
            "10\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "for jelly in seq:\n",
        "    print(jelly+jelly)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xTKsBG0UiUF2"
      },
      "source": [
        "## while Loops"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "tZfTv4kfiUF5",
        "outputId": "e546d248-c28b-44e3-aed3-e5346fecf6d0"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "i is: 1\n",
            "i is: 2\n",
            "i is: 3\n",
            "i is: 4\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "i = 1\n",
        "while i < 5:\n",
        "    print('i is: {}'.format(i))\n",
        "    i = i+1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "jlqUQjMniUF_"
      },
      "source": [
        "## range()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "de5XaVUViUGA",
        "outputId": "67747961-986d-403d-da42-da0e2cb662e6"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "range(0, 5)"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 66,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "range(5)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BBJrYWsoiUGD",
        "outputId": "ab648848-73d9-49e6-de34-30df7f4e5ee7"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "0\n",
            "1\n",
            "2\n",
            "3\n",
            "4\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "for i in range(5):\n",
        "    print(i)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "4MCIUb4ViUGE",
        "outputId": "f46a128b-0be1-470b-d6c8-c9c7e8fb4ada"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 68,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "list(range(5))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "9Kt_PmmLiUGF"
      },
      "source": [
        "## list comprehension"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "MKasGF3ZiUGG"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "x = [1,2,3,4]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "kmumLkmziUGH",
        "outputId": "45193680-d442-4110-888a-ad5e538b4b9a"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "[1, 4, 9, 16]\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "out = []\n",
        "for item in x:\n",
        "    out.append(item**2)\n",
        "print(out)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oHbWYeTjiUGJ",
        "outputId": "b2c238cb-1f59-4faa-a786-09b9a9388322"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 4, 9, 16]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 71,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "[item**2 for item in x]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Z5hEw1d-iUGT"
      },
      "source": [
        "## functions"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "rEh27HUjiUGU"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "def my_func(param1='default'):\n",
        "    \"\"\"\n",
        "    Docstring goes here.\n",
        "    \"\"\"\n",
        "    print(param1)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7OMbkybPiUGX",
        "outputId": "6297ebcd-4d90-487f-8e7c-b77b5fdf7367"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<function __main__.my_func>"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 73,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_func"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CcmWnW0KiUGY",
        "outputId": "4a484c66-6deb-4cf2-ace2-07355922ff3e"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "default\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_func()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Fh4WP5tNiUGc",
        "outputId": "d3b0136d-b4fc-4dc3-bf48-4b671d898166"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "new param\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_func('new param')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "FbTdbHRbiUGd",
        "outputId": "1de2b0a6-968c-4bfd-c06e-0e8eb588b2e6"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "new param\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "my_func(param1='new param')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "enkfciG9iUGi"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "def square(x):\n",
        "    return x**2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "oTEOk8p6iUGj"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "out = square(2)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "scrolled": true,
        "id": "iiKsi6W3iUGk",
        "outputId": "8337a7a8-c93f-475d-ef2f-a5e828b8f147"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "4\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "print(out)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "iY9HSX7ViUGm"
      },
      "source": [
        "## lambda expressions"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "mv2qXN2HiUGm"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "def times2(var):\n",
        "    return var*2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "cLuhMPg1iUGn",
        "outputId": "93bdd247-e844-442c-bb62-835d31526730"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "4"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 81,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "times2(2)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "O4L30K9KiUGs",
        "outputId": "806f621b-0055-459a-f2a0-d39c3024bbb2"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<function __main__.<lambda>>"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 82,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "lambda var: var*2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oT_SidGoiUGt"
      },
      "source": [
        "## map and filter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "E8LSlARPiUGt"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "seq = [1,2,3,4,5]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "UD0b2jG9iUGu",
        "outputId": "ca6e85fe-d546-4d32-a9ae-dbe0bd89e2b7"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<map at 0x105316748>"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 84,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "map(times2,seq)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LYNf6N2UiUGv",
        "outputId": "a201ac1e-02f4-4152-ba3d-165583fe4256"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 85,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "list(map(times2,seq))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "VBNYRlg3iUGw",
        "outputId": "f585a0b6-caa7-40f0-e595-6e06eb6de08a"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 86,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "list(map(lambda var: var*2,seq))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "JIU3b9KgiUGx",
        "outputId": "b6d460fa-e344-4315-882f-bfe9f10753fe"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<filter at 0x105316ac8>"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 87,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "filter(lambda item: item%2 == 0,seq)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dXXZJdUbiUGy",
        "outputId": "682d76b4-b26b-4af8-d64f-c5197a7ad0a7"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[2, 4]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 88,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "list(filter(lambda item: item%2 == 0,seq))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "M_G0D50_iUG1"
      },
      "source": [
        "## methods"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "uKSlMVCuiUG1"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "st = 'hello my name is Sam'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CwOJAUY5iUG2",
        "outputId": "31927cee-dd2b-42c7-edbc-7a3e90595145"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello my name is sam'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 112,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "st.lower()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MjW82lAfiUG4",
        "outputId": "5b1a7248-eb9e-4599-a7dc-8bef831e3f7a"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'HELLO MY NAME IS SAM'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 113,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "st.upper()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "msHSBiEviUG6",
        "outputId": "b2f91b2b-7346-4131-d9b6-2a6a9b662592"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['hello', 'my', 'name', 'is', 'Sam']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 103,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "st.split()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "K485octdiUG8"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "tweet = 'Go Sports! #Sports'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "uYxMuNOViUG9",
        "outputId": "f02e2036-3fb7-415f-8713-e94a6e4e0037"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['Go Sports! ', 'Sports']"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 106,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "tweet.split('#')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "lfxO3emYiUG-",
        "outputId": "938997f9-3904-4e26-8626-9b7c1312b35f"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'Sports'"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 107,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "tweet.split('#')[1]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "B0JrqfQYiUG_",
        "outputId": "281ed53d-aa99-4ff5-eb06-216e57002037"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'key1': 'item1', 'key2': 'item2'}"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 92,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "d"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "y_iFWcOpiUHB",
        "outputId": "6d416f29-cff5-445e-c29b-1b21f92d6692"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "dict_keys(['key2', 'key1'])"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 93,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "d.keys()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rl-4suC0iUHF",
        "outputId": "3ff0c852-af33-4ae6-ec77-0ec52d7feb0c"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "dict_items([('key2', 'item2'), ('key1', 'item1')])"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 94,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "d.items()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "6zJbEw3ViUHK"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "lst = [1,2,3]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "UlFpZEH8iUHL",
        "outputId": "70465309-f2f7-4ba6-d5fd-c9a5609b0cd0"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 96,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "lst.pop()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "yU-X9H4iiUHO",
        "outputId": "a2ad2399-fc9e-4a2b-d52a-41cd74f10d83"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2]"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 108,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "lst"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gdKmfG7riUHQ",
        "outputId": "4d0b07fb-ae35-4c3a-83c1-8dbd3511b762"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 109,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "'x' in [1,2,3]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DT-nz-09iUHT",
        "outputId": "a952af59-f533-404d-b9ec-f4f275518d68"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 110,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "'x' in ['x','y','z']"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "pGFKr54biUHU"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Great Job!"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "metadata": {
    "kernelspec": {
      "display_name": "Python 3",
      "language": "python",
      "name": "python3"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "codemirror_mode": {
        "name": "ipython",
        "version": 3
      },
      "file_extension": ".py",
      "mimetype": "text/x-python",
      "name": "python",
      "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
      "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
      "version": "3.5.1"
    },
    "colab": {
      "provenance": []
    }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 0
}