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My Notes About Tmux on iPad Using iSH.app

Tmux on iPad using iSH.app, allowing me to manage multiple terminal sessions and switch between my iPad, iPhone and desktop.

Install tmux

j8-ipad:~# apk add tmux
j8-ipad:~# tmux -V
tmux 3.2

What is Tmux?

Tmux is a server.

Try this:

j8-ipad:~# tmux ls
error connecting to /tmp/tmux-0/default (No such file or directory)
j8-ipad:~#

When you run tmux it creates server in /tmp/tmux-0/default

server > n num of session > n num of windows > n num of panes

Inside server it creates session and inside session it creates a window and inside windows it creates panes.

  1. start tmux session

    j8-ipad:~# tmux

  2. list all active session

    j8-ipad:~# tmux ls 

    0: 1 windows (created Tue Apr 25 23:57:52 2023) (attached)

    I am attached to window 1 in session 0

  3. Run top

    j8-ipad:/tmp# top

  4. Detache from the session

    ^b d  (ctr-b d) detache    

    [detached (from session 0)]

    I’m detachaed from session 0

  5. List session

    j8-ipad:~# tmux ls
0: 1 windows (created Wed Apr 26 00:24:59 2023)

    Server is still running and session is on.

  6. Attach to session

    j8-ipad:~# tmux a	

    Mem: 889208K used, 130007K free, 130007K shrd, 0K buff, 0K cached
CPU:  31% usr   0% sys   0% nic  68% idle   0% io   0% irq   0% sirq
...

    top is still runing

  7. ^b s List all session

List of Session Screenshot

  1. ^b $ Rename session

  2. ^b c Create another window

Tmux configuration

NOTE: Please note that a clean installation of iSH Alpine Linux does not include a ~/.tmux.conf file by default. You will need to create this file yourself. However, if you install the tmux-doc package by running apk add tmux-doc, you will find an example tmux.conf file located at /usr/share/doc/tmux/examples/tmux.conf.
To view the example configuration file from within tmux, you can use the less command, which allows you to scroll through the screen (as there is no scrolling in a tmux session by default). Simply type less /usr/share/doc/tmux/examples/tmux.conf. Alternatively, you can use the bat command if you have it installed, which provides a better user experience for viewing files.

~/.tmux.conf    default conf location

  1. tmux  start

  2. ^b d  (ctr-b d) detache    

  3. tmux show -g  print global configuration

  4. tmux show -g | sed 's/^/# set -g /' > ~/.tmux.conf

    To create a ~/.tmux.conf file, first list all globals and pipe them using the | symbol to sed. In sed, replace the beginning of each line ^ with # set -g. Then, redirect the output of the sed command using > to the ~/.tmux.conf file. This will comment out all the lines with a # hash symbol. You can keep these lines as a reference and make any necessary edits at the bottom of the `~/.tmux.conf file``.

  5. echo "set -g mouse on" >> ~/.tmux.conf && tmux kill-server && tmux

    This command appends "set -g mouse on" to the end of the ~/.tmux.conf file and then kills any existing Tmux server processes and starts a new Tmux session with mouse support enabled.

NOTE: On ipad scrolling does NOT work when dragging screen with finger.
But it does work in copy-mode.

  1. Edit rest of the config in vi or vim (I have better expirience with vi as far as screen refreshing).
    If you have problem with visibility. refresh screen by typing:
    ^b r    Redraw the current client`

  2. vi ~/.tmux.conf

  3. G    (shift-g) go to the end of the file,

  4. o    add empty line at the bottom (similar to i),

  5. set-option -sa terminal-overrides ",xterm*:Tc"

    Enable RGB color if running in xterm,

  6. set -g default-terminal "tmux-256color"

    Change the default $TERM to tmux-256color,

  7. esc key,

  8. :wq enter

Tmux Copy and Paset

  1. add set -g mode-keys vi to ~/.tmux.conf
# enable vi mode for copy-mode and navigation (tmux defautl is emacs mode)
set -g mode-keys vi

  1. cat /etc/hosts

  2. start copy mode ^b [

  3. navigate to line 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain with j,k,h,l

  4. press space bar to start selecting

  5. select text with arrow keys or (hjkl)

  6. press Enter to copy,

  7. open new doc vi new.txt

  8. paste ^b ]

^b : type: list-keys ? (search up) search for mode

bind-key    -T prefix       [                    copy-mode
bind-key    -T prefix       ]                    paste-buffer -p

Help Ctrl-b ?

C-b C-b     Send the prefix key                                                                  
C-b C-o     Rotate through the panes
C-b C-z     Suspend the current client
C-b Space   Select next layout
C-b !       Break pane to a new window
C-b "       Split window vertically
C-b #       List all paste buffers
C-b $       Rename current session
C-b %       Split window horizontally
C-b &       Kill current window
C-b '       Prompt for window index to select
C-b (       Switch to previous client
C-b )       Switch to next client
C-b ,       Rename current window
C-b -       Delete the most recent paste buffer
C-b .       Move the current window
C-b /       Describe key binding
C-b 0       Select window 0
C-b 1       Select window 1
C-b 2       Select window 2
C-b 3       Select window 3
C-b 4       Select window 4
C-b 5       Select window 5
C-b 6       Select window 6
C-b 7       Select window 7
C-b 8       Select window 8
C-b 9       Select window 9
C-b :       Prompt for a command
C-b ;       Move to the previously active pane
C-b =       Choose a paste buffer from a list
C-b ?       List key bindings
C-b C       Customize options
C-b D       Choose a client from a list
C-b E       Spread panes out evenly
C-b L       Switch to the last client
C-b M       Clear the marked pane
C-b [       Enter copy mode
C-b ]       Paste the most recent paste buffer
C-b c       Create a new window
C-b d       Detach the current client
C-b f       Search for a pane
C-b i       Display window information
C-b l       Select the previously current window
C-b m       Toggle the marked pane
C-b n       Select the next window
C-b o       Select the next pane
C-b p       Select the previous window
C-b q       Display pane numbers
C-b r       Redraw the current client
C-b s       Choose a session from a list
C-b t       Show a clock
C-b w       Choose a window from a list
C-b x       Kill the active pane
C-b z       Zoom the active pane
C-b {       Swap the active pane with the pane above
C-b }       Swap the active pane with the pane below
C-b ~       Show messages
C-b DC      Reset so the visible part of the window follows the cursor
C-b PPage   Enter copy mode and scroll up
C-b Up      Select the pane above the active pane
C-b Down    Select the pane below the active pane
C-b Left    Select the pane to the left of the active pane
C-b Right   Select the pane to the right of the active pane
C-b M-1     Set the even-horizontal layout
C-b M-2     Set the even-vertical layout
C-b M-3     Set the main-horizontal layout
C-b M-4     Set the main-vertical layout
C-b M-5     Select the tiled layout
C-b M-n     Select the next window with an alert
C-b M-o     Rotate through the panes in reverse     
C-b M-p     Select the previous window with an alert
C-b M-Up    Resize the pane up by 5            
C-b M-Down  Resize the pane down by 5                                                                   
C-b M-Left  Resize the pane left by 5    
C-b M-Right Resize the pane right by 5           
C-b C-Up    Resize the pane up                   
C-b C-Down  Resize the pane down                                                                        
C-b C-Left  Resize the pane left                                                                        
C-b C-Right Resize the pane right         
C-b S-Up    Move the visible part of the window up
C-b S-Down  Move the visible part of the window down
C-b S-Left  Move the visible part of the window left
C-b S-Right Move the visible part of the window right