diff --git a/extensions/positron-r/package.json b/extensions/positron-r/package.json
index 6159286eb42..82eb3c1d68a 100644
--- a/extensions/positron-r/package.json
+++ b/extensions/positron-r/package.json
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   "displayName": "%displayName%",
   "description": "%description%",
   "version": "0.0.2",
-  "publisher": "vscode",
+  "publisher": "positron",
   "engines": {
     "vscode": "^1.65.0"
   },
@@ -281,6 +281,12 @@
             },
             "default": [],
             "description": "%r.configuration.extraArguments.description%"
+          },
+          "positron.r.taskHyperlinks": {
+            "scope": "window",
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false,
+            "description": "%r.configuration.taskHyperlinks.description%"
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/extensions/positron-r/package.nls.json b/extensions/positron-r/package.nls.json
index 3f5ee6eb8ab..6a12749ba20 100644
--- a/extensions/positron-r/package.nls.json
+++ b/extensions/positron-r/package.nls.json
@@ -58,5 +58,6 @@
 	"r.configuration.pipe.magrittr.token": "%>%",
 	"r.configuration.pipe.native.description": "Native pipe available in R >= 4.1",
 	"r.configuration.pipe.magrittr.description": "Pipe operator from the magrittr package, re-exported by many other packages",
-	"r.configuration.diagnostics.enable.description": "Enable R diagnostics globally"
+	"r.configuration.diagnostics.enable.description": "Enable R diagnostics globally",
+	"r.configuration.taskHyperlinks.description": "Turn on experimental support for hyperlinks in package development tasks"
 }
diff --git a/extensions/positron-r/src/extension.ts b/extensions/positron-r/src/extension.ts
index 7cb8aec93af..26963c07caf 100644
--- a/extensions/positron-r/src/extension.ts
+++ b/extensions/positron-r/src/extension.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { providePackageTasks } from './tasks';
 import { setContexts } from './contexts';
 import { setupTestExplorer, refreshTestExplorer } from './testing/testing';
 import { RRuntimeManager } from './runtime-manager';
+import { registerUriHandler } from './uri-handler';
 
 export const LOGGER = vscode.window.createOutputChannel('Positron R Extension', { log: true });
 
@@ -36,6 +37,9 @@ export function activate(context: vscode.ExtensionContext) {
 	// Provide tasks.
 	providePackageTasks(context);
 
+	// Prepare to handle cli-produced hyperlinks that target the positron-r extension.
+	registerUriHandler();
+
 	// Setup testthat test explorer.
 	setupTestExplorer(context);
 	vscode.workspace.onDidChangeConfiguration(async event => {
diff --git a/extensions/positron-r/src/session.ts b/extensions/positron-r/src/session.ts
index b6fa660496f..7fb50748838 100644
--- a/extensions/positron-r/src/session.ts
+++ b/extensions/positron-r/src/session.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ interface RPackageInstallation {
 	compatible: boolean;
 }
 
-interface EnvVar {
+export interface EnvVar {
 	[key: string]: string;
 }
 
diff --git a/extensions/positron-r/src/tasks.ts b/extensions/positron-r/src/tasks.ts
index 8a49ae825ab..9f62b844479 100644
--- a/extensions/positron-r/src/tasks.ts
+++ b/extensions/positron-r/src/tasks.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import * as os from 'os';
 import { RSessionManager } from './session-manager';
 import { getPandocPath } from './pandoc';
 import { getEnvVars } from './session';
+import { prepCliEnvVars } from './uri-handler';
 
 export class RPackageTaskProvider implements vscode.TaskProvider {
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ export async function getRPackageTasks(editorFilePath?: string): Promise<vscode.
 			message: vscode.l10n.t('{taskName}', { taskName: 'Check R package' }),
 			rcode: 'devtools::check()',
 			package: 'devtools',
-			envVars: null
+			envVars: { ... await prepCliEnvVars() }
 		},
 		{
 			task: 'r.task.packageInstall',
@@ -53,7 +54,10 @@ export async function getRPackageTasks(editorFilePath?: string): Promise<vscode.
 			message: vscode.l10n.t('{taskName}', { taskName: 'Test R package' }),
 			rcode: 'devtools::test()',
 			package: 'devtools',
-			envVars: await getEnvVars(['TESTTHAT_MAX_FAILS'])
+			envVars: {
+				... await getEnvVars(['TESTTHAT_MAX_FAILS']),
+				... await prepCliEnvVars()
+			}
 		},
 		{
 			task: 'r.task.rmarkdownRender',
diff --git a/extensions/positron-r/src/uri-handler.ts b/extensions/positron-r/src/uri-handler.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e85cb0c296
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extensions/positron-r/src/uri-handler.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *  Copyright (C) 2024 Posit Software, PBC. All rights reserved.
+ *  Licensed under the Elastic License 2.0. See LICENSE.txt for license information.
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+import * as vscode from 'vscode';
+
+import { LOGGER } from './extension';
+import { RSessionManager } from './session-manager';
+import { EnvVar, RSession } from './session';
+
+export async function registerUriHandler() {
+	vscode.window.registerUriHandler({ handleUri });
+}
+
+// Temporary feature flag to finesse the fact that cli hyperlinks are either all ON or all OFF.
+// cli 3.6.3.9001 gained support for configuring the URL format of run/help/vignette hyperlinks.
+// But file hyperlinks are not yet configurable and will delegate to operating system.
+// If the user still has RStudio as the app associated with .R files, it will open in RStudio.
+// Flag will be removed once cli can be configured to emit positron://file/... hyperlinks.
+function taskHyperlinksEnabled(): boolean {
+	const extConfig = vscode.workspace.getConfiguration('positron.r');
+	const taskHyperlinksEnabled = extConfig.get<boolean>('taskHyperlinks');
+
+	return taskHyperlinksEnabled === true;
+}
+
+// Example of a URI we expect to handle:
+// positron://positron.positron-r/cli?command=x-r-run:testthat::snapshot_review('snap')
+//
+// How the example URI breaks down:
+// {
+//    "scheme": "positron",
+//    "authority": "positron.positron-r",
+//    "path": "/cli",
+//    "query": "command=x-r-run:testthat::snapshot_review('zzz')",
+//    "fragment": "",
+//    "fsPath": "/cli"
+// }
+function handleUri(uri: vscode.Uri): void {
+	if (uri.path !== '/cli') {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// Turns this query string
+	// "command=x-r-run:testthat::snapshot_review('zzz')"
+	// into this object
+	// { "command": "x-r-run:testthat::snapshot_review('zzz')" }
+	const query = new URLSearchParams(uri.query);
+	const command = query.get('command');
+	if (!command) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	const commandRegex = /^(x-r-(help|run|vignette)):(.+)$/;
+	if (!commandRegex.test(command)) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	const session = RSessionManager.instance.getConsoleSession();
+	if (!session) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	session.openResource(command);
+	vscode.commands.executeCommand('workbench.panel.positronConsole.focus');
+}
+
+export async function prepCliEnvVars(session?: RSession): Promise<EnvVar> {
+	session = session || RSessionManager.instance.getConsoleSession();
+	if (!session) {
+		return {};
+	}
+
+	const taskHyperlinks = taskHyperlinksEnabled();
+	const cliPkg = await session.packageVersion('cli', '3.6.3.9001');
+	const cliSupportsHyperlinks = cliPkg?.compatible ?? false;
+
+	if (!taskHyperlinks || !cliSupportsHyperlinks) {
+		// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/naming-convention
+		return { R_CLI_HYPERLINKS: 'FALSE' };
+	}
+
+	return {
+		/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/naming-convention */
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINKS: 'TRUE',
+		// TODO: I'd like to request POSIX compliant hyperlinks in the future, but currently
+		// cli's tests implicitly assume the default and there are more important changes to
+		// propose in cli, such as tweaks to file hyperlinks. Leave this alone for now.
+		// R_CLI_HYPERLINK_MODE: "posix",
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINK_RUN: 'TRUE',
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINK_RUN_URL_FORMAT: 'positron://positron.positron-r/cli?command=x-r-run:{code}',
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINK_HELP: 'TRUE',
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINK_HELP_URL_FORMAT: 'positron://positron.positron-r/cli?command=x-r-help:{topic}',
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINK_VIGNETTE: 'TRUE',
+		R_CLI_HYPERLINK_VIGNETTE_URL_FORMAT: 'positron://positron.positron-r/cli?command=x-r-vignette:{vignette}'
+		/* eslint-enable @typescript-eslint/naming-convention */
+	};
+}
diff --git a/extensions/positron-reticulate/package.json b/extensions/positron-reticulate/package.json
index 4f22abe4d53..5567a353038 100644
--- a/extensions/positron-reticulate/package.json
+++ b/extensions/positron-reticulate/package.json
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
   },
   "extensionDependencies": [
     "ms-python.python",
-    "vscode.positron-r",
+    "positron.positron-r",
     "vscode.jupyter-adapter"
   ],
   "devDependencies": {
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/services/positronNewProject/common/positronNewProjectService.ts b/src/vs/workbench/services/positronNewProject/common/positronNewProjectService.ts
index c61d1fa49c0..20d13d2ebf8 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/services/positronNewProject/common/positronNewProjectService.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/services/positronNewProject/common/positronNewProjectService.ts
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ export class PositronNewProjectService extends Disposable implements IPositronNe
 
 	/**
 	 * Runs R Project specific tasks.
-	 * Relies on extension vscode.positron-r
+	 * Relies on extension positron.positron-r
 	 */
 	private async _runRTasks() {
 		// no-op for now, since we haven't defined any pre-runtime startup R tasks
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ export class PositronNewProjectService extends Disposable implements IPositronNe
 
 	/**
 	 * Runs R Project specific post-initialization tasks.
-	 * Relies on extension vscode.positron-r
+	 * Relies on extension positron.positron-r
 	 */
 	private async _runRPostInitTasks() {
 		// Create the R environment
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ export class PositronNewProjectService extends Disposable implements IPositronNe
 
 	/**
 	 * Creates the R environment.
-	 * Relies on extension vscode.positron-r
+	 * Relies on extension positron.positron-r
 	 */
 	private async _createREnvironment() {
 		if (this._newProjectConfig?.useRenv) {