From bef624109dc789481ac1a8fa6aece02f95b2c756 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: paulapreuss Date: Mon, 23 Sep 2024 16:17:13 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Update questionnaire criteria weightings --- app/static/business_model_questions.csv | 51 ++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-) diff --git a/app/static/business_model_questions.csv b/app/static/business_model_questions.csv index e06133e4..f03d2338 100644 --- a/app/static/business_model_questions.csv +++ b/app/static/business_model_questions.csv @@ -1,27 +1,26 @@ question_index,category,criteria,question_for_user,criteria_weight,score_allowed_values,description,sub_question_to -1,dialogue,Presence of mechanisms that ensure participation of community members in decision-making processes,"Are there opportunities / communication channels, such as e.g., meetings, forums, social media, for community members to communicate (e.g. express concerns, ideas, feedback) with decision-making authorities?",0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -2,dialogue,Presence of mechanisms that ensure participation of community members in decision-making processes,Have these communication channels been used in the past year?,0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",,1 -3,dialogue,Ability and willingness to ensure gender equal participation,"Are women actively involved in community leadership roles, such as village councils or committees?",0.0170835875533862,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -4,dialogue,Ability and willingness to ensure gender equal participation,Is there equal representation of women and men in decision-making bodies within the community?,0.0170835875533862,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -5,dialogue,Community member’s level of engagement and ownership,"Please assess the level of interest and involvement of community members in supporting the community's energy system, e.g. by occasionally (such as twice per year) leading awareness dialogues or taking over knowledge dissemination responsibilities on a voluntary basis:",0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Most community members are very interested and willing to be actively involved.'],[0.5, 'A few community members are interested and might be occasionally involved.'],[0.0, 'Community members are not willing to be involved due to other responsibilities.']]",, -6,dialogue,Community member’s level of engagement and ownership,"Please assess the level of interest and willingness by community members to occasionally attend training sessions, workshops, or other relevant events to enhance their knowledge and skills related to the community's energy system: ",0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Most community members are very interested and willing to attend respective training sessions.'],[0.5, 'Few community members are somewhat interested and may consider attending.'], [0.0, 'Community members will not be interested and unlikely to attend.']]",, -7,steering,Community leader(s) is/are supportive of the mini-grid project,Is the mini-grid project known and recognised by individuals that are considered social/political authorities/leaders?,0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -8,steering,Community leader(s) is/are supportive of the mini-grid project,Are the community authorities/leaders ready to support the planning and implementation of the mini-grid project with their time and capacities?,0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -9,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks","Have there been any past public goods projects implemented by the community (e.g. public infrastructure, public sanitation facilities, places of worship etc.)?",0.0256253813300793,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -10,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks","During the last 12 months, did community members meet to decide on issues concerning the public interest, such as raising funds for community projects, making common proposals requesting assistance from government institutions or politicians, or seeking help from NGOs, or church organizations? ",0.0256253813300793,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -11,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks",Is there any organizational structure similar to a cooperative already existing in the community that takes ownership of a project in the community’s interest? ,0.0256253813300793,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -12,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks",How would you rate the ability of your community to form a community cooperative (newly or based on similar existing organizational structures)?,0.0256253813300793,"[[1.0, 'High'],[0.5, 'Medium'],[0.0, 'Low']]",, -13,steering,Knowledge of the present local and national regulatory framework for mini-grid,Please select the statement that best describes the level of regulatory knowledge in your community: ,0.034,"[[1.0, 'Certain individuals in the community are familiar with the process for obtaining the necessary permits to implementing a mini-grid project by the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC).'],[0.5, 'Certain individuals in the community might be familiar with general implication of Nigeria’s current national regulations governing energy projects.'],[0.0, 'Community members are not informed about Nigeria’s current national regulations governing energy projects at all.']]",, -14,control,Local social norms that prevent from negative/destructive actions,"Please select the statement that best describes your community in terms of handling possessions, such as food, vehicles, or agricultural appliances:",0.0192190359975595,"[[1.0, 'Community members frequently share food, vehicles, agricultural appliances, or other possessions with their neighbours and other community members.'],[0.5, 'Community members sometimes share food, vehicles, agricultural appliances, or other possessions with other community members, if it is necessary.'],[0.0, 'Each household owns the resources that are needed, and community members are not used to sharing possessions.']]",, -15,control,Local social norms that prevent from negative/destructive actions,"Have there been any major criminal actions by community members in the past 12 months, such as theft, robbery, blackmail, or violence?",0.0192190359975595,"[[0.0, 'Yes'],[1.0, 'No']]",, -16,control,Present mechanisms of conflict management,"Is there a (formal) designated place, office, or other form of procedure where community members can submit grievances?",0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -17,control,Present mechanisms of conflict management,have there been a mediation process conducted in the community in the past 5 years? ,0.0219646125686394,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -18,institutional,"Presence of local/regional organizations/institutions that would support the project rollout (e.g., community cooperatives, relevant NGOs, government institutions)","Is there any relevant institution active in your region that fosters rural development, such as established local government office or department, other community cooperatives, or relevant NGOs?",0.0192190359975595,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -19,institutional,"Presence of local/regional organizations/institutions that would support the project rollout (e.g., community cooperatives, relevant NGOs, government institutions)","Does the community actively collaborate with one or several of these institutions to address rural development issues in areas like education, health, environment, and/or infrastructure?",0.0192190359975595,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",,18 -20,economic,Relevant skills of community members that are needed to install and maintain the mini-grid,Are there skilled individuals within the community that are capable of maintaining and repairing simple parts of generators and the distribution grid?,0.0192190359975595,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -21,economic,Relevant skills of community members that are needed to install and maintain the mini-grid,Are there skilled individuals within the community that are capable of maintaining and repairing a solar PV installation or have an adequate energy background and the ability to learn such skills?,0.0192190359975595,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -22,financial,Capacity to manage required means of financing,Did any community institution manage joint financial resources for any investment project in the community in the past 5 years? ,0.038438071995119,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -23,financial,Capacity to manage required means of financing,"Please indicate the overall approximate height of the managed financial resources:",0.038438071995119,"[[0.0, 'Lower than 4 million NGN'], [0.5, 'Between 4 - 30 million NGN'], [1.0, 'More than 30 million NGN']]",,22 -24,financial,Available financial resources in the community (equity),"With a rough estimation, how much financial resources (equity) could the community itself mobilize and provide for investing in a mini-grid installation (in NGN)?",0.154,"[[0.0, 'None'], [0.3, 'Less than 5 million NGN'], [0.6, 'Between 5 - 10 million NGN'], [0.8, 'Between 10 - 20 million NGN'], [0.9, 'Between 20 - 50 million NGN'], [1.0, 'More than 50 million NGN']]",, -25,financial,Capacity to reach out and attract financial support,"Is any community member skilled in financial issues, including budgeting, financial instruments, and business models?",0.153752287980476,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, -26,financial,Capacity to reach out and attract financial support,Has the community through any organizational body successfully secured external funding for a community initiative in the past?,0.153752287980476,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +1,dialogue,Presence of mechanisms that ensure participation of community members in decision-making processes,"Are there opportunities / communication channels, such as e.g., meetings, forums, social media, for community members to communicate (e.g. express concerns, ideas, feedback) with decision-making authorities?",0.037057914,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +2,dialogue,Presence of mechanisms that ensure participation of community members in decision-making processes,Have these communication channels been used in the past year?,0.037057914,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",,1 +3,dialogue,Ability and willingness to ensure gender equal participation,"Are women actively involved in community leadership roles, such as village councils or committees?",0.013780061,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +4,dialogue,Ability and willingness to ensure gender equal participation,Is there equal representation of women and men in decision-making bodies within the community?,0.013780061,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +5,dialogue,Community member’s level of engagement and ownership,"Please assess the level of interest and involvement of community members in supporting the community's energy system, e.g. by occasionally (such as twice per year) leading awareness dialogues or taking over knowledge dissemination responsibilities on a voluntary basis:",0.05539587,"[[1.0, 'Most community members are very interested and willing to be actively involved.'],[0.5, 'A few community members are interested and might be occasionally involved.'],[0.0, 'Community members are not willing to be involved due to other responsibilities.']]",, +6,dialogue,Community member’s level of engagement and ownership,"Please assess the level of interest and willingness by community members to occasionally attend training sessions, workshops, or other relevant events to enhance their knowledge and skills related to the community's energy system: ",0.05539587,"[[1.0, 'Most community members are very interested and willing to attend respective training sessions.'],[0.5, 'Few community members are somewhat interested and may consider attending.'], [0.0, 'Community members will not be interested and unlikely to attend.']]",, +7,steering,Community leader(s) is/are supportive of the mini-grid project,Is the mini-grid project known and recognised by individuals that are considered social/political authorities/leaders?,0.058143123,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +8,steering,Community leader(s) is/are supportive of the mini-grid project,Are the community authorities/leaders ready to support the planning and implementation of the mini-grid project with their time and capacities?,0.058143123,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +9,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks","Have there been any past public goods projects implemented by the community (e.g. public infrastructure, public sanitation facilities, places of worship etc.)?",0.044897814,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +10,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks","During the last 12 months, did community members meet to decide on issues concerning the public interest, such as raising funds for community projects, making common proposals requesting assistance from government institutions or politicians, or seeking help from NGOs, or church organizations? ",0.044897814,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +11,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks",Is there any organizational structure similar to a cooperative already existing in the community that takes ownership of a project in the community’s interest? ,0.044897814,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +12,steering,"Capacity to form an adequate cooperative structure (newly or based on existing structures), e.g. with the capacity to anticipate and manage project risks",How would you rate the ability of your community to form a community cooperative (newly or based on similar existing organizational structures)?,0.044897814,"[[1.0, 'High'],[0.5, 'Medium'],[0.0, 'Low']]",, +14,control,Local social norms that prevent from negative/destructive actions,"Please select the statement that best describes your community in terms of handling possessions, such as food, vehicles, or agricultural appliances:",0.023225362,"[[1.0, 'Community members frequently share food, vehicles, agricultural appliances, or other possessions with their neighbours and other community members.'],[0.5, 'Community members sometimes share food, vehicles, agricultural appliances, or other possessions with other community members, if it is necessary.'],[0.0, 'Each household owns the resources that are needed, and community members are not used to sharing possessions.']]",, +15,control,Local social norms that prevent from negative/destructive actions,"Have there been any major criminal actions by community members in the past 12 months, such as theft, robbery, blackmail, or violence?",0.023225362,"[[0.0, 'Yes'],[1.0, 'No']]",, +16,control,Present mechanisms of conflict management,"Is there a (formal) designated place, office, or other form of procedure where community members can submit grievances?",0.027048747,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +17,control,Present mechanisms of conflict management,have there been a mediation process conducted in the community in the past 5 years? ,0.027048747,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +18,institutional,"Presence of local/regional organizations/institutions that would support the project rollout (e.g., community cooperatives, relevant NGOs, government institutions)","Is there any relevant institution active in your region that fosters rural development, such as established local government office or department, other community cooperatives, or relevant NGOs?",0.013780026,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +19,institutional,"Presence of local/regional organizations/institutions that would support the project rollout (e.g., community cooperatives, relevant NGOs, government institutions)","Does the community actively collaborate with one or several of these institutions to address rural development issues in areas like education, health, environment, and/or infrastructure?",0.013780026,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",,18 +20,economic,Relevant skills of community members that are needed to install and maintain the mini-grid,Are there skilled individuals within the community that are capable of maintaining and repairing simple parts of generators and the distribution grid?,0.021542226,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +21,economic,Relevant skills of community members that are needed to install and maintain the mini-grid,Are there skilled individuals within the community that are capable of maintaining and repairing a solar PV installation or have an adequate energy background and the ability to learn such skills?,0.021542226,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +22,financial,Capacity to manage required means of financing,Did any community institution manage joint financial resources for any investment project in the community in the past 5 years? ,0.083489661,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +23,financial,Capacity to manage required means of financing,"Please indicate the overall approximate height of the managed financial resources:",0.083489661,"[[0.0, 'Lower than 4 million NGN'], [0.5, 'Between 4 - 30 million NGN'], [1.0, 'More than 30 million NGN']]",,22 +24,financial,Available financial resources in the community (equity),"With a rough estimation, how much financial resources (equity) could the community itself mobilize and provide for investing in a mini-grid installation (in NGN)?",0.062673514,"[[0.0, 'None'], [0.3, 'Less than 5 million NGN'], [0.6, 'Between 5 - 10 million NGN'], [0.8, 'Between 10 - 20 million NGN'], [0.9, 'Between 20 - 50 million NGN'], [1.0, 'More than 50 million NGN']]",, +25,financial,Capacity to reach out and attract financial support,"Is any community member skilled in financial issues, including budgeting, financial instruments, and business models?",0.045404625,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, +26,financial,Capacity to reach out and attract financial support,Has the community through any organizational body successfully secured external funding for a community initiative in the past?,0.045404625,"[[1.0, 'Yes'],[0.0, 'No']]",, From 86935b68c146eb3b8a19afef06b3042b5bf241a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: paulapreuss Date: Wed, 23 Oct 2024 11:35:05 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Update business model descriptions and report text For the report, also fix texts that were switched --- app/static/business_model_list.csv | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/app/static/business_model_list.csv b/app/static/business_model_list.csv index 275d52ae..15e6e1ac 100644 --- a/app/static/business_model_list.csv +++ b/app/static/business_model_list.csv @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ Name,Category,Verbose,Advantages,Disadvantages,Description,Graph,Responsibilities,Report -isolated_operator_led,isolated,Isolated Mini-grid Company-led,"[""Short implementation time"",""Less regulatory complexity"",""Low community responsibility""]","[""Higher tariff"",""Profit goes to the operator company"",""The mini-grid company is in a favourable position towards the customer, due to its monopoly status""]","Under the mini-grid company-led approach, a private mini-grid company takes over all essential responsibilities and leads the development of the mini-grid under close consultation with the community. Hence, the mini-grid company owns generation as well as distribution assets and is responsible for providing (and/or attracting) capital, engaging customers, taking care of operation and maintenance, and fulfilling all regulatory duties. The community's role is rather small, however, certain responsibilities can be negotiated with the mini-grid company, such as installation and maintenance tasks. ",isolated_operator_led.png,isolated_operator_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a cooperative-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims to establish an energy cooperative (co-op) that is capable of leading the development and governance of the mini-grid project. In this way, community leadership and local buy-in are strengthened. The co-op together with the undergrid community is responsible for project planning, development, and capital raising. The co-op owns the mini-grid generation assets and is responsible for customer relations and billing. For certain tasks, however, the experience of a mini-grid company is required, hence, the community seeks to engage with a suitable firm. The mini-grid company will be engaged for the installation of generation, storage, and distribution assets as well as for taking over respective responsibilities related to operation and maintenance. The co-op also engages with the present distribution company (DisCo) and negotiates the fee that will be collected by the DisCo for the usage of the grid infrastructure. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below and indicative roles and responsibilities by the co-op, the mini-grid company and the DisCo are displayed in the table below. " -isolated_cooperative_led,isolated,Isolated Community-led,"[""Strengthened local ownership"",""Lower tariff height"",""Enhancing the benefits for community members is at the centre of the cooperative's objectives""]","[""It is challenging for the co-op to attract adequate financial resources"",""The community must have the capacity to adequately fulfil many project tasks"",""The community (co-op) takes over most risks regarding project failure""]","Under this approach, the community creates a cooperative (co-op) which is in the position to lead the development and governance of the mini-grid project. Such structural arrangements strengthen local buy-in and ensure that most profits stay within the community. The co-op, together with the undergrid community, is responsible for project planning, development, and raising capital. The co-op owns the mini-grid generation and distribution assets and is responsible for customer relations and billing. For certain tasks, the co-op might subcontract a mini-grid company for tasks, such as the installation of generation, storage, and distribution parts. The co-op may also pursue a joint ownership approach together with a mini-grid company.",isolated_cooperative_led.png,isolated_cooperative_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a mini-grid company-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims to engage with a suitable private mini-grid company that takes over essential responsibilities and is able to lead the realisation of the mini-grid system. Thereby, the mini-grid company should operate in close consultation with community members and representatives. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below. The mini-grid company will own generation as well as distribution assets and is responsible for providing and attracting capital, engaging customers, and taking over planning, construction as well as operation and maintenance duties. The community’s role is subject to further negotiations with the mini-grid company and depends on present capacities, skills and preferences. As such, it is envisaged that the community may assist with certain operation and maintenance tasks if community members have applicable skills. Furthermore, the mini-grid company is responsible for preparing the relevant documentation for obtaining the required permission from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and may negotiate an exclusivity period for the operation in the area of the community. Indicative roles and responsibilities of the mini-grid company and the community are displayed in the table below. " -interconnected_operator_led,interconnected,Interconnected Mini-grid Company-led,"[""Short implementation time"",""Less regulatory complexity"",""Low community responsibility""]","[""Higher tariff"",""Profit goes to the mini-grid company"",""The mini-grid company is in a favourable position towards the customer, due to its monopoly status""]","Under this approach, a private mini-grid company leads the development of the mini-grid project and consults the distribution company and community as needed. The mini-grid company is responsible for providing (and/or attracting) capital, engaging customers, and taking over the operation and maintenance duties of generation assets. The operator company owns the mini-grid generation assets, while the present distribution company (DisCo) owns the distribution assets and collects a usage fee. The community's role is rather small, however, certain responsibilities can be negotiated with the mini-grid company, such as installation and maintenance tasks.",interconnected_operator_led.png,interconnected_operator_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a mini-grid company-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims at engaging with a suitable private mini-grid company that takes over essential responsibilities and is able to implement the mini-grid system. Thereby, the mini-grid company should operate in close consultation with community members and representatives. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below. The mini-grid company will own generation assets and is responsible for providing and attracting capital, engaging customers, and taking over planning, construction as well as operation and maintenance duties. The present distribution company (DisCo) owns the distribution assets and collects a usage fee from the mini-grid company. The community’s role is subject to further negotiations with the mini-grid company and depends on present capacities, skills and preferences. As such, it is envisaged that the community may assist with operation and maintenance tasks if community members have applicable skills. Furthermore, the mini-grid company is responsible for preparing the relevant documentation for obtaining the needed permission from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and may negotiate an exclusivity period for operation in the area of the community. Indicative roles and responsibilities of the mini-grid company, the community and the DisCo are displayed in the table below." -interconnected_cooperative_led,interconnected,Interconnected Community-led,"[""Strengthened local ownership"",""Lower tariff height"",""Enhancing the benefits for community members is at the centre of the cooperative's objectives""]","[""It is challenging for the co-op to attract adequate financial resources"",""The community must have the capacity to adequately fulfil many project tasks"",""The community (co-op) takes over most risks regarding project failure""]","Under this approach, the community creates a cooperative (co-op) which is in the position to lead the development and governance of the mini-grid project. Such structural arrangements strengthen local buy-in and ensure that most profits stay within the community. The co-op, together with the undergrid community, is responsible for project planning, development, and raising capital. The co-op owns the mini-grid generation and distribution assets and is responsible for customer relations and billing. The co-op engages with the present distribution company (DisCo) on behalf of the community. For certain tasks, the co-op might subcontract a mini-grid company for tasks, such as the installation of generation, storage, and distribution parts. The co-op may also pursue a joint ownership approach together with a mini-grid company.",interconnected_cooperative_led.png,interconnected_cooperative_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a cooperative-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims to establish an energy cooperative (co-op) that is capable of leading the development and governance of the mini-grid project. In this way, community leadership and local buy-in are strengthened. The co-op together with the undergrid community is responsible for project planning, development, and capital raising. The co-op owns the mini-grid generation assets and is responsible for customer relations and billing. For certain tasks, however, the experience of a mini-grid company is required, hence, the community seeks to engage with a suitable firm. The mini-grid company will be engaged for the installation of generation, storage, and distribution assets as well as for taking over respective responsibilities related to operation and maintenance. The co-op also engages with the present distribution company (DisCo) and negotiates the fee that will be collected by the DisCo for the usage of the grid infrastructure. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below and indicative roles and responsibilities by the co-op, the mini-grid company and the DisCo are displayed in the table below." +isolated_operator_led,isolated,Isolated Mini-grid Company-led,"[""Short implementation time"",""Less regulatory complexity"",""Low community responsibility""]","[""Higher tariff"",""Profit goes to the operator company"",""The mini-grid company is in a favourable position towards the customer, due to its monopoly status""]","Under the mini-grid company-led approach, a private mini-grid company takes over all essential responsibilities and leads the development of the mini-grid under close consultation with the community. Hence, the mini-grid company owns generation as well as distribution assets and is responsible for providing (and/or attracting) capital, engaging customers, taking care of operation and maintenance, and fulfilling all regulatory duties. The community's role is rather small, however, certain responsibilities can be negotiated with the mini-grid company, such as installation and maintenance tasks. The community and project developer may also establish a benefit-sharing scheme through individual agreements. A fixed share of the revenue is then channeled back to the community, either directly or in the form of new infrastructure.",isolated_operator_led.png,isolated_operator_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a mini-grid company-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims to engage with a suitable private mini-grid company that takes over essential responsibilities and is able to lead the realisation of the mini-grid system. Thereby, the mini-grid company should operate in close consultation with community members and representatives. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below. The mini-grid company will own generation as well as distribution assets and is responsible for providing and attracting capital, engaging customers, and taking over planning, construction as well as operation and maintenance duties. The community’s role is subject to further negotiations with the mini-grid company and depends on present capacities, skills and preferences. As such, it is envisaged that the community may assist with certain operation and maintenance tasks if community members have applicable skills. Additionally, the mini-grid company and community might reach a benefit-sharing agreement, in which some of the profits are channeled back to the community, either directly or in the form of new infrastructure. Furthermore, the mini-grid company is responsible for preparing the relevant documentation for obtaining the required permission from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and may negotiate an exclusivity period for the operation in the area of the community. Indicative roles and responsibilities of the mini-grid company and the community are displayed in the table below. " +isolated_cooperative_led,isolated,Isolated Community-led,"[""Strengthened local ownership"",""Lower tariff height"",""Enhancing the benefits for community members is at the centre of the cooperative's objectives""]","[""It is challenging for the co-op to attract adequate financial resources"",""The community must have the capacity to adequately fulfil many project tasks"",""Co-ownership approaches together with a project developer are legally challenging to implement""]","Under this approach, the community creates a cooperative (co-op) which aims to take over partial or full ownership over the mini-grid project. Such structural arrangements strengthen local buy-in and ensure that most profits stay within the community. The community might aim for full ownership, in which case the community would subcontract a mini-grid company for tasks, such as the installation of mini-grid assets. The community would take over the responsibility for project-related tasks. In the case of a co-ownership approach, the mini-grid developer and co-op form a legal entity (Special Purpose Vehicle) that is jointly responsible for project planning, development, and raising capital. ",isolated_cooperative_led.png,isolated_cooperative_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a cooperative-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims to establish an energy cooperative (co-op) that is capable of leading the development and governance of the mini-grid project, either within a full ownership or co-ownership approach together with a mini-grid company. In this way, community leadership and local buy-in are strengthened. In the case of full ownership, the co-op together with the undergrid community is responsible for project planning, development, and capital raising. The co-op owns the mini-grid generation assets and is responsible for customer relations and billing. For certain tasks, however, the experience of a mini-grid company is required, hence, the community seeks to engage with a suitable firm. The mini-grid company will be engaged for the installation of generation, storage, and distribution assets as well as for taking over respective responsibilities related to operation and maintenance. In the case of a co-ownership approach, the mini-grid developer and co-op form a legal entity (Special Purpose Vehicle) that is jointly responsible for project activities. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below and indicative roles and responsibilities by the co-op, the mini-grid company and the DisCo are displayed in the table below. " +interconnected_operator_led,interconnected,Interconnected Mini-grid Company-led,"[""Short implementation time"",""Less regulatory complexity"",""Low community responsibility""]","[""Higher tariff"",""Profit goes to the mini-grid company"",""The mini-grid company is in a favourable position towards the customer, due to its monopoly status""]","Under this approach, a private mini-grid company leads the development of the mini-grid project and consults the distribution company and community as needed. The mini-grid company is responsible for providing (and/or attracting) capital, engaging customers, and taking over the operation and maintenance duties of generation assets. The operator company owns the mini-grid generation assets, while the present distribution company (DisCo) owns the distribution assets and collects a usage fee. The community's role is rather small, however, certain responsibilities can be negotiated with the mini-grid company, such as installation and maintenance tasks. The community and project developer may also establish a benefit-sharing scheme through individual agreements. A fixed share of the revenue is then channeled back to the community, either directly or in the form of new infrastructure.",interconnected_operator_led.png,interconnected_operator_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a mini-grid company-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims at engaging with a suitable private mini-grid company that takes over essential responsibilities and is able to implement the mini-grid system. Thereby, the mini-grid company should operate in close consultation with community members and representatives. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below. The mini-grid company will own generation assets and is responsible for providing and attracting capital, engaging customers, and taking over planning, construction as well as operation and maintenance duties. The present distribution company (DisCo) owns the distribution assets and collects a usage fee from the mini-grid company. The community’s role is subject to further negotiations with the mini-grid company and depends on present capacities, skills and preferences. As such, it is envisaged that the community may assist with operation and maintenance tasks if community members have applicable skills. Furthermore, the mini-grid company is responsible for preparing the relevant documentation for obtaining the needed permission from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and may negotiate an exclusivity period for operation in the area of the community. Indicative roles and responsibilities of the mini-grid company, the community and the DisCo are displayed in the table below." +interconnected_cooperative_led,interconnected,Interconnected Community-led,"[""Strengthened local ownership"",""Lower tariff height"",""Enhancing the benefits for community members is at the centre of the cooperative's objectives""]","[""It is challenging for the co-op to attract adequate financial resources"",""The community must have the capacity to adequately fulfil many project tasks"",""""Co-ownership approaches together with a project developer are legally challenging to implement""]","Under this approach, the community creates a cooperative (co-op) which aims to take over partial or full ownership over the mini-grid project. Such structural arrangements strengthen local buy-in and ensure that most profits stay within the community. The community might aim for full ownership, in which case the community would subcontract a mini-grid company for tasks, such as the installation of mini-grid assets. The community would take over the responsibility for project-related tasks. In the case of a co-ownership approach, the mini-grid developer and co-op form a legal entity (Special Purpose Vehicle) that is jointly responsible for project planning, development, and raising capital. The present distribution company (DisCo) owns the distribution assets and collects a usage fee.",interconnected_cooperative_led.png,interconnected_cooperative_led_resp.png,"For the successful implementation of this project, a cooperative-led model is proposed. Hence, the community aims to establish an energy cooperative (co-op) that is capable of leading the development and governance of the mini-grid project, either within a full ownership or co-ownership approach together with a mini-grid company. In this way, community leadership and local buy-in are strengthened. In the case of full ownership, the co-op together with the undergrid community is responsible for project planning, development, and capital raising. The co-op owns the mini-grid generation assets and is responsible for customer relations and billing. For certain tasks, however, the experience of a mini-grid company is required, hence, the community seeks to engage with a suitable firm. The mini-grid company will be engaged for the installation of generation, storage, and distribution assets as well as for taking over respective responsibilities related to operation and maintenance. The co-op also engages with the present distribution company (DisCo) and negotiates the fee that will be collected by the DisCo for the usage of the grid infrastructure. In the case of a co-ownership approach, the mini-grid developer and co-op form a legal entity (Special Purpose Vehicle) that is jointly responsible for project activities. A simple graphical demonstration of the business model is displayed in the figure below and indicative roles and responsibilities by the co-op, the mini-grid company and the DisCo are displayed in the table below. "