diff --git a/kotlinpoet/src/main/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpec.kt b/kotlinpoet/src/main/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpec.kt
index ad751c5449..3747c0054f 100644
--- a/kotlinpoet/src/main/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpec.kt
+++ b/kotlinpoet/src/main/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpec.kt
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import com.squareup.kotlinpoet.KModifier.PUBLIC
 import com.squareup.kotlinpoet.KModifier.SEALED
 import com.squareup.kotlinpoet.KModifier.VALUE
 import java.lang.reflect.Type
+import java.util.EnumSet
 import javax.lang.model.element.Element
 import kotlin.reflect.KClass
 
@@ -299,10 +300,10 @@ public class TypeSpec private constructor(
       }
 
       // Functions.
-      for (funSpec in funSpecs) {
+      for (funSpec in funSpecsOmittingVisibility()) {
         if (funSpec.isConstructor) continue
         if (!firstMember) codeWriter.emit("\n")
-        funSpec.emit(codeWriter, name, kind.implicitFunctionModifiers(modifiers + implicitModifiers), true)
+        funSpec.emit(codeWriter, name, implicitFunctionModifiers(implicitModifiers), true)
         firstMember = false
       }
 
@@ -324,6 +325,33 @@ public class TypeSpec private constructor(
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Returns the list of [FunSpec], optionally removing all non-private visibility modifiers
+   * if this is a private type.
+   */
+  private fun funSpecsOmittingVisibility(): List<FunSpec> {
+    return if (PRIVATE in modifiers) {
+      val omitted = EnumSet.of(PUBLIC, INTERNAL)
+      funSpecs.map {
+        it.toBuilder().apply { modifiers.removeAll(omitted) }.build()
+      }
+    } else {
+      funSpecs
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the implicit function modifiers for this kind, optionally removing PUBLIC
+   * if this is a private type.
+   */
+  private fun implicitFunctionModifiers(implicitModifiers: Set<KModifier>): Set<KModifier> {
+    val fModifiers = kind.implicitFunctionModifiers(modifiers + implicitModifiers).toMutableSet()
+    if (PRIVATE in modifiers) {
+      fModifiers -= PUBLIC
+    }
+    return fModifiers
+  }
+
   /** Returns the properties that can be declared inline as constructor parameters. */
   private fun constructorProperties(): Map<String, PropertySpec> {
     if (primaryConstructor == null) return emptyMap()
diff --git a/kotlinpoet/src/test/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpecTest.kt b/kotlinpoet/src/test/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpecTest.kt
index cf6c3e2982..5b657ae0be 100644
--- a/kotlinpoet/src/test/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpecTest.kt
+++ b/kotlinpoet/src/test/java/com/squareup/kotlinpoet/TypeSpecTest.kt
@@ -5358,6 +5358,39 @@ class TypeSpecTest {
     assertThat(t).hasMessageThat().contains("contextReceivers can only be applied on simple classes")
   }
 
+  // https://github.com/square/kotlinpoet/issues/1301
+  @Test fun `function omits non-private modifiers on private type`() {
+    val taco = TypeSpec.classBuilder("Taco")
+      .addModifiers(PRIVATE)
+      .addFunctions(
+        listOf(
+          FunSpec.builder("f1").addModifiers(PUBLIC).build(),
+          FunSpec.builder("f2").addModifiers(INTERNAL).build(),
+          FunSpec.builder("f3").addModifiers(PRIVATE).build(),
+        ),
+      )
+      .build()
+    assertThat(toString(taco)).isEqualTo(
+      """
+      |package com.squareup.tacos
+      |
+      |import kotlin.Unit
+      |
+      |private class Taco {
+      |  fun f1(): Unit {
+      |  }
+      |
+      |  fun f2(): Unit {
+      |  }
+      |
+      |  private fun f3(): Unit {
+      |  }
+      |}
+      |
+      """.trimMargin(),
+    )
+  }
+
   companion object {
     private const val donutsPackage = "com.squareup.donuts"
   }