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aks_checklist.en.json
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{
"items": [
{
"category": "Application Deployment",
"subcategory": "Development",
"text": "Use canary or blue/green deployments",
"waf": "Operations",
"guid": "785c2fa5-5b56-4ad4-a408-fe72734c476b",
"id": "01.01.01",
"cost": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/containers/aks/secure-baseline-aks"
},
{
"category": "Application Deployment",
"subcategory": "Development",
"text": "If required for AKS Windows workloads HostProcess containers can be used",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ab5351f6-383a-45ed-9c5e-b143b16db40a",
"id": "01.01.02",
"cost": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-windows-hpc"
},
{
"category": "Application Deployment",
"subcategory": "Development",
"text": "Use KEDA if running event-driven workloads",
"waf": "Performance",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "a280dcf5-90ce-465d-b8e1-3f9ccbd46926",
"id": "01.01.03",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-functions/functions-kubernetes-keda"
},
{
"category": "Application Deployment",
"subcategory": "Development",
"text": "Use Dapr to ease microservice development",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "26886d20-b66c-457b-a591-19bf8e8f5c58",
"id": "01.01.04",
"simple": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://dapr.io/"
},
{
"category": "Application Deployment",
"subcategory": "Infrastructure as Code",
"text": "Use automation through ARM/TF to create your Azure resources",
"waf": "Operations",
"guid": "3acbe04b-be20-49d3-afda-47778424d116",
"id": "01.02.01",
"simple": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/developer/terraform/create-k8s-cluster-with-tf-and-aks"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "Disaster Recovery",
"text": "Schedule and perform DR tests regularly",
"waf": "Reliability",
"guid": "36cb45e5-7960-4332-9bdf-8cc23318da61",
"id": "02.01.01",
"ha": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/enterprise-scale/business-continuity-and-disaster-recovery"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "High Availability",
"text": "Use Azure Traffic Manager or Azure Front Door as a global load balancer for region failover",
"waf": "Reliability",
"guid": "170265f4-bb46-4a39-9af7-f317284797b1",
"id": "02.02.01",
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-multi-region"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "High Availability",
"text": "Use Availability Zones if they are supported in your Azure region",
"waf": "Reliability",
"guid": "578a219a-46be-4b54-9350-24922634292b",
"id": "02.02.02",
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant= isnotnull(properties.agentPoolProfiles[0].availabilityZones) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/availability-zones"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "High Availability",
"text": "Use the SLA-backed AKS offering",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "71d41e36-10cc-457b-9a4b-1410d4395898",
"id": "02.02.03",
"cost": -2,
"ha": 2,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (sku.tier=='Paid') | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/uptime-sla"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "High Availability",
"text": "Use Disruption Budgets in your pod and deployment definitions",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "c1288b3c-6a57-4cfc-9444-51e1a3d3453a",
"id": "02.02.04",
"simple": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-scheduler"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "High Availability",
"text": "If using a private registry, configure region replication to store images in multiple regions",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "ACR",
"guid": "3c763963-7a55-42d5-a15e-401955387e5c",
"id": "02.02.05",
"cost": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-geo-replication"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "Disaster Recovery",
"text": "Use Zone-Redundant Storage (ZRS) with stateful workloads",
"waf": "Reliability",
"guid": "daa9a260-c3ea-4490-b077-5fc1f2a80cb0",
"id": "02.02.06",
"ha": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/availability-zones#azure-disk-availability-zone-support"
},
{
"category": "BC and DR",
"subcategory": "Requirements",
"text": "Define non-functional requirements such as SLAs, RTO (Recovery Time Objective) and RPO (Recovery Point Objective).",
"waf": "Reliability",
"guid": "bc14aea6-e65d-48d9-a3ad-c218e6436b06",
"id": "02.03.01",
"ha": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/enterprise-scale/business-continuity-and-disaster-recovery"
},
{
"category": "Cost Governance",
"subcategory": "Cost",
"text": "Use an external application such as kubecost to allocate costs to different users",
"waf": "Cost",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "f82cb8eb-8c0a-4a63-a25a-4956eaa8dc4a",
"id": "03.01.01",
"cost": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/aks/eslz-cost-governance-with-kubecost"
},
{
"category": "Cost Governance",
"subcategory": "Cost",
"text": "Use scale down mode to delete/deallocate nodes",
"waf": "Cost",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "4d3dfbab-9924-4831-a68d-fdf0d72f462c",
"id": "03.01.02",
"cost": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/scale-down-mode"
},
{
"category": "Cost Governance",
"subcategory": "Cost",
"text": "When required use multi-instance partitioning GPU on AKS Clusters",
"waf": "Cost",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "87e651ea-bc4a-4a87-a6df-c06a4b570ebc",
"id": "03.01.03",
"cost": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/gpu-multi-instance"
},
{
"category": "Cost Governance",
"subcategory": "Cost",
"text": "If running a Dev/Test cluster use NodePool Start/Stop",
"waf": "Cost",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "2b72a08b-0410-4cd6-9093-e068a5cf27e8",
"id": "03.01.04",
"cost": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/start-stop-nodepools"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Use Azure Policy for Kubernetes to ensure cluster compliance",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "9ca48e4a-85e2-4223-bce8-bb12307ca5f1",
"id": "04.01.01",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.addonProfiles.azurepolicy) and properties.addonProfiles.azurepolicy.enabled==true) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/concepts/policy-for-kubernetes"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Separate applications from the control plane with user/system node pools",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "6f158e3e-a3a9-42c2-be7e-2165c3a87af4",
"id": "04.01.02",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project id,resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | project id,name,resourceGroup,poolcount=array_length(pools) | extend compliant = (poolcount > 1)",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-system-pools"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Add taint to your system nodepool to make it dedicated",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "a7a1f893-9bda-4477-98f2-4c116775c2ea",
"id": "04.01.03",
"simple": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-system-pools"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Use a private registry for your images, such as ACR",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "55b46a94-8008-4ae7-b7e4-b475b6c8bdbf",
"id": "04.01.04",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Scan your images for vulnerabilities",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "ACR",
"guid": "59bce65d-e8a0-43f9-9879-468d66a786d6",
"id": "04.01.05",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/container-security"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Use Azure Security Center to detect security posture vulnerabilities",
"waf": "Security",
"guid": "cc639637-a652-42ac-89e8-06965388e9de",
"id": "04.01.06",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/container-security"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "If required configure FIPS",
"waf": "Security",
"guid": "42d4aefe-2383-470e-b019-c30df24996b2",
"id": "04.01.07",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-multiple-node-pools#add-a-fips-enabled-node-pool"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Define app separation requirements (namespace/nodepool/cluster)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "d167dd18-2b0a-4c24-8b99-9a646f8389a7",
"id": "04.01.08",
"security": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-cluster-isolation"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Secrets",
"text": "Store your secrets in Azure Key Vault with the CSI Secrets Store driver",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "5e3df584-eccc-4d97-a3b6-bcda3b50eb2e",
"id": "04.02.01",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://github.com/Azure/secrets-store-csi-driver-provider-azure"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Secrets",
"text": "If using Service Principals for the cluster, refresh credentials periodically (like quarterly)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "b03dda6d-58d7-4c89-8ddb-107d5769ae66",
"id": "04.02.02",
"security": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/update-credentials"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Secrets",
"text": "If required add Key Management Service etcd encryption",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "e7ba73a3-0508-4f80-806f-527db30cee96",
"id": "04.02.03",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-kms-etcd-encryption"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Secrets",
"text": "If required consider using Confidential Compute for AKS",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ec8e4e42-0344-41b0-b865-9123e8956d31",
"id": "04.02.04",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/confidential-computing/confidential-nodes-aks-overview"
},
{
"category": "Governance and Security",
"subcategory": "Secrets",
"text": "Consider using Defender for Containers",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "c9e95ffe-6dd1-4a17-8c5f-110389ca9b21",
"id": "04.02.05",
"security": 1,
"cost": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/defender-for-containers-enable"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Use managed identities instead of Service Principals",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ed127dd1-42b0-46b2-8c69-99a646f3389a",
"id": "05.01.01",
"simple": 1,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.servicePrincipalProfile.clientId=='msi') | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-managed-identity"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Integrate authentication with AAD (using the managed integration)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "7e42c78e-78c0-46a6-8a21-94956e698dc4",
"id": "05.01.02",
"simple": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = isnotnull(properties.aadProfile) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Limit access to admin kubeconfig (get-credentials --admin)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "a2fe27b2-e287-401a-8352-beedf79b488d",
"id": "05.01.03",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/control-kubeconfig-access"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Integrate authorization with AAD RBAC",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "eec4962c-c3bd-421b-b77f-26e5e6b3bec3",
"id": "05.01.04",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/manage-azure-rbac"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Use namespaces for restricting RBAC privilege in Kubernetes",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "d4f3537c-1346-4dc5-9027-a71ffe1bd05d",
"id": "05.01.05",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-identity"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "For Pod Identity Access Management use Azure AD Workload Identity (preview)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "d2e0d5d7-71d4-41e3-910c-c57b4a4b1410",
"id": "05.01.06",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/workload-identity-migration-sidecar"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "For AKS non-interactive logins use kubelogin (preview)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "f4dcf690-1b30-407d-abab-6f8aa780d3a3",
"id": "05.01.07",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#non-interactive-sign-in-with-kubelogin"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Disable AKS local accounts",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "b085b1f2-3119-4771-8c9a-bbf4411810ec",
"id": "05.01.08",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.disableLocalAccounts==true) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#disable-local-accounts"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Configure if required Just-in-time cluster access",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "36abb0db-c118-4f4c-9880-3f30f9a2deb6",
"id": "05.01.09",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#configure-just-in-time-cluster-access-with-azure-ad-and-aks"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "Configure if required AAD conditional access for AKS",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "c4d7f4c6-79bf-45d0-aa05-ce8fc717e150",
"id": "05.01.10",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#use-conditional-access-with-azure-ad-and-aks"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "If required for Windows AKS workloads configure gMSA ",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "e1123a7c-a333-4eb4-a120-4ee3f293c9f3",
"id": "05.01.11",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-group-managed-service-accounts"
},
{
"category": "Identity and Access Management",
"subcategory": "Identity",
"text": "For finer control consider using a managed Kubelet Identity",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "1f711a74-3672-470b-b8b8-a2148d640d79",
"id": "05.01.12",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-managed-identity#use-a-pre-created-kubelet-managed-identity"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Best practices",
"text": "If using AGIC, do not share an AppGW across clusters",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "cbd8ac2a-aebc-4a2a-94da-1dbf3dc99248",
"id": "06.01.01",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://azure.github.io/application-gateway-kubernetes-ingress/setup/install-existing/"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Best practices",
"text": "Do not use AKS HTTP Routing Add-On, use instead the managed NGINX ingress with the application routing add-on.",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "8008ae7d-7e4b-4475-a6c8-bdbf59bce65d",
"id": "06.01.02",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnull(properties.addonProfiles.httpApplicationRouting) or properties.addonProfiles.httpApplicationRouting.enabled==false) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/http-application-routing"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Best practices",
"text": "For Windows workloads use Accelerated Networking",
"waf": "Performance",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "7bacd7b9-c025-4a9d-a5d2-25d6bc5439d9",
"id": "06.01.03",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-overview"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Best practices",
"text": "Use the standard ALB (as opposed to the basic one)",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ba7da7be-9952-4914-a384-5d997cb39132",
"id": "06.01.04",
"scale": 1,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (tolower(properties.networkProfile.loadBalancerSku)=='standard') | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/load-balancer-standard"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Best practices",
"text": "If using Azure CNI, consider using different Subnets for NodePools",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "22fbe8d6-9b40-47ef-9011-25bb1a555a6b",
"id": "06.01.05",
"security": 1,
"simple": -2,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-multiple-node-pools#add-a-node-pool-with-a-unique-subnet"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Cost",
"text": "Use Private Endpoints (preferred) or Virtual Network Service Endpoints to access PaaS services from the cluster",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "c3c39c98-6bb2-4c12-859a-114b5e3df584",
"id": "06.02.01",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/private-link/private-link-overview"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "HA",
"text": "If hybrid connectivity is required, use 2xER or ER+VPN for better availability",
"waf": "Reliability",
"guid": "e8a03f97-8794-468d-96a7-86d60f96c97b",
"id": "06.03.01",
"cost": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "IPAM",
"text": "Choose the best CNI network plugin for your requirements (Azure CNI recommended)",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "a0f61565-9de5-458f-a372-49c831112dbd",
"id": "06.04.01",
"simple": 1,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.networkProfile.networkPlugin=='azure') | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-network"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "IPAM",
"text": "If using Azure CNI, size your subnet accordingly considering the maximum number of pods per node",
"waf": "Performance",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "7faf12e7-0943-4f63-8472-2da29c2b1cd6",
"id": "06.04.02",
"scale": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "IPAM",
"text": "If using Azure CNI, check the maximum pods/node (default 30)",
"waf": "Performance",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "22f54b29-bade-43aa-b1e8-c38ec9366673",
"id": "06.04.03",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "IPAM",
"text": "If using private-IP LoadBalancer services, use a dedicated subnet (not the AKS subnet)",
"description": "For internal apps organizations often open the whole AKS subnet in their firewalls. This opens network access to the nodes too, and potentially to the pods as well (if using Azure CNI). If LoadBalancer IPs are in a different subnet, only this one needs to be available to the app clients. Another reason is that if the IP addresses in the AKS subnet are a scarce resource, consuming its IP addresses for services will reduce the maximum scalability of the cluster .",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "13c00567-4b1e-4945-a459-c373e7ed6162",
"id": "06.04.04",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/internal-lb"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "IPAM",
"text": "Size the service IP address range accordingly (it is going to limit the cluster scalability)",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "43f63047-22d9-429c-8b1c-d622f54b29ba",
"id": "06.04.05",
"scale": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Operations",
"text": "If required add your own CNI plugin",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "57bf217f-6dc8-481c-81e2-785773e9c00f",
"id": "06.05.01",
"security": 1,
"simple": -2,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-byo-cni"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Operations",
"text": "If required configure Public IP per node in AKS",
"waf": "Performance",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "4b3bb365-9458-44d9-9ed1-5c8f52890364",
"id": "06.05.02",
"security": 1,
"simple": -2,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-multiple-node-pools#assign-a-public-ip-per-node-for-your-node-pools"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Scalability",
"text": "Use an ingress controller to expose web-based apps instead of exposing them with LoadBalancer-type services",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "b3808b9f-a1cf-4204-ad01-3a923ce474db",
"id": "06.06.01",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/concepts-network"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Scalability",
"text": "Use Azure NAT Gateway as outboundType for scaling egress traffic",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ccb534e7-416e-4a1d-8e93-533b53199085",
"id": "06.06.02",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/nat-gateway"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Scalability",
"text": "Use Dynamic allocations of IPs in order to avoid Azure CNI IP exhaustion",
"waf": "Reliability",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "8ee9a69a-1b58-4b1e-9c61-476e110a160b",
"id": "06.06.03",
"scale": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni#dynamic-allocation-of-ips-and-enhanced-subnet-support"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Filter egress traffic with AzFW/NVA if your security requirements mandate it",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "3b365a91-7ecb-4e48-bbe5-4cd7df2e8bba",
"id": "06.07.01",
"security": 2,
"simple": -2,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.networkProfile.outboundType=='userDefinedRouting') | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/limit-egress-traffic"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "If using a public API endpoint, restrict the IP addresses that can access it",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "c4581559-bb91-463e-a908-aed8c44ce3b2",
"id": "06.07.02",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = ((isnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster) or properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster==false) and isnotnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.authorizedIPRanges)) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/api-server-authorized-ip-ranges"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Use private clusters if your requirements mandate it",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ecccd979-3b6b-4cda-9b50-eb2eb03dda6d",
"id": "06.07.03",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | where isnotnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster) | extend compliant = (properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster==true) | distinct id, compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/private-clusters"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "For Windows 2019 and 2022 AKS nodes Calico Network Policies can be used ",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "ce7f2a7c-297c-47c6-adea-a6ff838db665",
"id": "06.07.04",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | where isnotnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster) | extend compliant = (properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster==true) | distinct id, compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-network-policies"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Enable a Kubernetes Network Policy option (Calico/Azure)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "58d7c892-ddb1-407d-9769-ae669ca48e4a",
"id": "06.07.05",
"security": 1,
"severity": "High",
"graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = isnotnull(properties.networkProfile.networkPolicy) | distinct id,compliant",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-network-policies"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Use Kubernetes network policies to increase intra-cluster security",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "85e2223e-ce8b-4b12-907c-a5f16f158e3e",
"id": "06.07.06",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-network"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Use a WAF for web workloads (UIs or APIs)",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "a3a92c2d-e7e2-4165-a3a8-7af4a7a1f893",
"id": "06.07.07",
"security": 2,
"cost": -1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-network"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Use DDoS Standard in the AKS Virtual Network",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "9bda4776-8f24-4c11-9775-c2ea55b46a94",
"id": "06.07.08",
"security": 2,
"cost": -2,
"severity": "Medium",
"graph": "Resources | where type=~'microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | mv-expand pools | project subnetId=tostring(pools.vnetSubnetID) | where isnotempty(subnetId) | join (Resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection=tostring(properties.enableDdosProtection),subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection,subnetId=tostring(subnets.id)) on subnetId | distinct id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection | extend compliant = (enableDdosProtection == 'true')",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/ddos-protection-overview"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "If required add company HTTP Proxy",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "6c46b91a-1107-4485-ad66-3183e2a8c266",
"id": "06.07.09",
"security": 2,
"cost": -2,
"severity": "Low",
"graph": "Resources | where type=~'microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | mv-expand pools | project subnetId=tostring(pools.vnetSubnetID) | where isnotempty(subnetId) | join (Resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection=tostring(properties.enableDdosProtection),subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection,subnetId=tostring(subnets.id)) on subnetId | distinct id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection | extend compliant = (enableDdosProtection == 'true')",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/http-proxy"
},
{
"category": "Network Topology and Connectivity",
"subcategory": "Security",
"text": "Consider using a service mesh for advanced microservice communication management",
"waf": "Security",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "e9855d04-c3c3-49c9-a6bb-2c12159a114b",
"id": "06.07.10",
"security": 1,
"simple": -2,
"severity": "Medium",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/servicemesh-about"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Alerting",
"text": "Configure alerts on the most critical metrics (see Container Insights for recommendations)",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "67f7a9ed-5b31-4f38-a3f3-9812b2463cff",
"id": "07.01.01",
"simple": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/insights/container-insights-metric-alerts"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Check regularly Azure Advisor for recommendations on your cluster",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "337453a3-cc63-4963-9a65-22ac19e80696",
"id": "07.02.01",
"simple": -1,
"ha": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/advisor/advisor-get-started"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Enable AKS auto-certificate rotation",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "3aa70560-e7e7-4968-be3d-628af35b2ced",
"id": "07.02.03",
"simple": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/certificate-rotation"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Have a regular process to upgrade your kubernetes version periodically (quarterly, for example), or use the AKS autoupgrade feature",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "e189c599-df0d-45a7-9dd4-ce32c1881370",
"id": "07.02.04",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/supported-kubernetes-versions"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Use kured for Linux node upgrades in case you are not using node-image upgrade",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "6f7c4c0d-4e51-4464-ad24-57ed67138b82",
"id": "07.02.05",
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-updates-kured"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Have a regular process to upgrade the cluster node images periodically (weekly, for example)",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "139c9580-ade3-426a-ba09-cf157d9f6477",
"id": "07.02.06",
"security": 1,
"simple": -1,
"severity": "High",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-image-upgrade"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Consider gitops to deploy applications or cluster configuration to multiple clusters",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "0102ce16-ee30-41e6-b882-e52e4621dd68",
"id": "07.02.07",
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/example-scenario/bedrock/bedrock-automated-deployments"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "Consider using AKS command invoke on private clusters",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "d7672c26-7602-4482-85a4-14527fbe855c",
"id": "07.02.08",
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/command-invoke"
},
{
"category": "Operations",
"subcategory": "Compliance",
"text": "For planned events consider using Node Auto Drain",
"waf": "Operations",
"service": "AKS",
"guid": "31d7aaab-7571-4449-ab80-53d89e89d17b",
"id": "07.02.09",
"security": 1,
"severity": "Low",
"link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-auto-repair#node-autodrain"
},
{