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条件判断和循环.md
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# 条件判断和循环 #
----------
## 条件判断 ##
条件判断的重要值是True和False,注意首字母大写,示例如下:
```
if True:
print("真")
else:
print("假")
# 输出:真
```
**非真判断**
非真判断使用not关键字,示例如下:
```
if not True:
print("True")
else:
print("False")
# 输出:False
```
**多情况判断**
多情况判断使用if/elif/else,示例如下:
```
age = 18
if age < 16:
print("青少年")
elif age < 18:
print("青年")
elif age < 60:
print("成人")
else:
print("老年")
# 输出:成人
```
python用空格缩进代表代码块,所以要主要代码缩进.
**满足多条件**
使用and关键字,示例如下:
```
age = 18
name = "laowang"
if age == 18 and name == "laowang":
print("良好少年")
else:
print("不良少年")
# 输出:良好少年
```
**至少满足一种条件**
使用or关键字,示例如下:
```
age = 18
name = "laowang"
if age == 18 or name == "xiaoli":
print("良好少年")
else:
print("不良少年")
# 输出:良好少年
```
**False值**
python中0、空字符串、空列表、空元祖值、空字典都为false.
## 循环 ##
**for循环**
基础示例如下:
```
list = ["focus", "mouse", "click"]
for item in list:
print(item)
# 输出:focus
# 输出:mouse
# 输出:click
```
**break跳出循环**,实例如下:
```
list = ["focus", "mouse", "click"]
for item in list:
if item == "mouse":
break
print(item)
# 输出:focus
```
**continue跳过该次循环**,实例如下:
```
list = ["focus", "mouse", "click"]
for item in list:
if item == "mouse":
continue
print(item)
# 输出:focus
# 输出:click
```
**使用enumerate获取下标**
```
list = ["focus", "mouse", "click"]
for index, item in enumerate(list):
print("index:{} item:{}".format(index, item))
# 输出如下:
# index:0 item:focus
# index:1 item:mouse
# index:2 item:click
```
**while循环**
基础示例如下:
```
num = 1
while num < 3:
print(num)
num = num+1
# 输出:1
# 输出:2
```
在while中break和continue同样有效,和上文for循环作用相同,请参考上文。
----------
下一节:[函数和类](函数和类.md)