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/* | ||
常量:在程序执行的过程中其值不可以发生改变 | ||
举例:π | ||
分类: | ||
A:字面值常量 | ||
1,12.5 | ||
B:自定义常量(面向对象部分讲解) | ||
字面值常量分类: | ||
A:字符串常量 用""括起来的内容 | ||
B:整数常量 所有的整数数据 | ||
C:小数常量 所有的带小数的数据 | ||
D:字符常量 用单引号括起来的内容 | ||
E:布尔常量 只有两个值:true和false | ||
F:空常量 null(数组部分去讲解) | ||
*/ | ||
class ConstantDemo { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
//字符串常量 | ||
System.out.println("HelloWorld"); | ||
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//整数常量 | ||
System.out.println(100); | ||
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//小数常量 | ||
System.out.println(12.345); | ||
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//字符常量 | ||
System.out.println('A'); | ||
//下面的是错误的 | ||
//System.out.println('BC'); | ||
System.out.println('1'); | ||
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//布尔常量 | ||
System.out.println(true); | ||
System.out.println(false); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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/* | ||
二进制 | ||
由0,1组成。以0b开头 | ||
八进制 | ||
由0,1,…7组成。以0开头 | ||
十进制 | ||
由0,1,…9组成。整数默认是十进制的 | ||
十六进制 | ||
由0,1,…9,a,b,c,d,e,f(大小写均可)。以0x开头 | ||
*/ | ||
class JinZhiDemo { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
System.out.println(0b100);//4 | ||
System.out.println(0100);//64 | ||
System.out.println(100);//100 | ||
System.out.println(0x100);//256 | ||
} | ||
} |
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/* | ||
ÐèÇó£º | ||
*/ | ||
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class Array2Sum { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
int[][] arr = {{22,66,44},{77,33,88},{25,45,65},{11,66,99}}; | ||
int sum = 0; | ||
for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++) { | ||
for (int j=0; j<arr[i].length; j++) { | ||
sum +=arr[i][j]; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
System.out.println("×ÜÊýΪ£º" +sum); | ||
} | ||
} |
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/* | ||
为了更好的表达现实世界的事物,Java针对不同的事物提供了不同的数据类型。 | ||
数据类型: | ||
基本类型:4类8种 | ||
引用类型:类,接口,数组。(后面讲) | ||
基本类型: | ||
整数: 占用的内存空间 | ||
byte 1字节 | ||
01111111 | ||
10000000(1既表示符号位,又表示数值 -128) | ||
short 2字节 | ||
int 4字节 | ||
long 8字节 | ||
浮点数: | ||
float 4字节 | ||
double 8字节 | ||
字符: | ||
char 2字节 | ||
布尔: | ||
boolean 未知。1字节 | ||
面试题: | ||
Java中字符可以存储一个汉字吗? | ||
可以。因为Java语言采用的是unicode编码, | ||
而unicode编码的每个字符是两个字节, | ||
所以,java中的字符可以存储一个汉字。 | ||
注意: | ||
整数默认是int类型 | ||
浮点数默认是double类型 | ||
long类型的变量,要加l或者L。 | ||
float类型的变量,要加f或者F。 | ||
在同一对{}里面,是不能有同名的变量。 | ||
*/ | ||
class DataType { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
//定义变量的格式: | ||
//数据类型 变量名 = 初始化值; | ||
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//定义byte类型的变量 | ||
byte b = 1; | ||
System.out.println(1); | ||
System.out.println(b); | ||
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//定义short类型的变量 | ||
short s = 100; | ||
System.out.println(s); | ||
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//定义int类型的变量 | ||
int i = 100000; | ||
System.out.println(i); | ||
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//报错 | ||
//int j = 2147483648; | ||
//System.out.println(j); | ||
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//定义long类型的变量 | ||
long l = 2147483648L; | ||
System.out.println(l); | ||
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//定义float类型的变量 | ||
float f = 12.34F; | ||
System.out.println(f); | ||
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//定义double类型的变量 | ||
double d = 23.56; | ||
System.out.println(d); | ||
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//定义char类型的变量 | ||
char ch = 'a'; | ||
System.out.println(ch); | ||
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//定义boolean类型的变量 | ||
boolean flag = true; | ||
System.out.println(flag); | ||
} | ||
} |
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/* | ||
使用变量的注意事项: | ||
A:作用域 | ||
变量定义在哪一级大括号中,哪个大括号的范围就是这个变量的作用域。 | ||
相同的作用域中不能定义两个同名变量。 | ||
B:初始化值 | ||
没有初始化值不能直接使用 | ||
C:定义变量的问题 | ||
在一行上建议只定义一个变量 | ||
可以定义多个,但是不建议 | ||
*/ | ||
class DataType2 { | ||
//int i = 100; | ||
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public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
int i = 200; | ||
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//int j; | ||
//System.out.println(j); | ||
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//int a = 10;int b = 20; | ||
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//int a = 10; | ||
//int b = 20; | ||
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//int a,b; | ||
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//int x=10,y=20; | ||
//int x = 10; | ||
//int y = 20; | ||
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//定义变量 | ||
//数据类型 变量名 = 初始化值; | ||
//其实我们还可以改变一下,只要在使用该变量前赋值即可。 | ||
int j; | ||
//........ | ||
j = 200; | ||
System.out.println(j); | ||
} | ||
} |
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import java.util.Scanner; | ||
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class MyArrayDemo { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); | ||
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System.out.println("请输入三个数据:"); | ||
int[] arr; | ||
int i = 0; | ||
arr = new int[3]; | ||
System.out.println(arr); | ||
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while(true) { | ||
arr[i] = sc.nextInt(); | ||
i++; | ||
if (i >= arr.length) { | ||
break; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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/* | ||
for (i = 0; i<arr.length; i++) { | ||
arr[i] = sc.nextInt(); | ||
//System.out.println(arr[i]); | ||
} | ||
*/ | ||
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for (int j=0; j<arr.length; j++) { | ||
System.out.println("arr[" +j +"]=" +arr[j]); | ||
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} | ||
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int temp = 0; | ||
for (int j=1; j<arr.length; j++) { | ||
temp = arr[j-1]>=arr[j]?arr[j-1]:arr[j]; | ||
} | ||
System.out.println("arr数组中最大值为:" +temp); | ||
} | ||
} |
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/* | ||
需求:一维数组的练习 | ||
分析: | ||
*/ | ||
import java.util.Scanner; | ||
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class MyArrayTest { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
int arr = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}; | ||
String strArray = {"","星期一","星期二","星期三","星期四","星期五","星期六","星期日"}; | ||
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//查表法 | ||
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); | ||
System.out.println("请输入查表法数字(1-7):"); | ||
int index = sc.nextInt(); | ||
System.out.println("你要查找的星期为:" +strArray[index]); | ||
} | ||
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//遍历 | ||
public static void printArray(int[] arr) { | ||
System.out.print("["); | ||
for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++) { | ||
if (i <= arr.length-1) { | ||
System.out.print(arr[i] +", "); | ||
} | ||
System.out.print(arr[i]); | ||
} | ||
System.out.println("]"); | ||
} | ||
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//最值 | ||
public static int getMax(int[] arr) { | ||
int max = arr[0]; | ||
for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++) { | ||
if (arr[i] > max) { | ||
max = arr[i]; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
return max; | ||
} | ||
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//反转 | ||
public static void reverse(int[] arr) { | ||
for (int start=0,end=arr.length; start<=end; start++,end--) { | ||
int temp = arr[start]; | ||
arr[start] = arr[end]; | ||
arr[end] = temp; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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//元素第一次出现的索引 | ||
public static int indexOfArray(int[] arr, int key) { | ||
int index = -1; | ||
for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++) { | ||
if (key == arr[i]) { | ||
index = i; | ||
break; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
return index; | ||
} | ||
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//排序 | ||
//public static void OrderOfArray(int[] arr) { | ||
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//} | ||
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} |
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/* | ||
+是一个运算符, 我们应该能够看懂,做数据的加法。 | ||
参与运算的数据,要求类型一致。 | ||
boolean类型不能转换为其他的数据类型。 | ||
隐式转换: | ||
A:byte,short,char-->int-->long-->float-->double | ||
B:byte,short,char相互之间不转换,他们参与运算首先转换为int类型 | ||
*/ | ||
class DataTypeDemo { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
//类型一样的数据 | ||
int a = 10; | ||
int b = 20; | ||
System.out.println(a + b); | ||
int c = a + b; | ||
System.out.println(c); | ||
System.out.println("--------------"); | ||
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//定义变量 | ||
byte by = 3; | ||
int i = 4; | ||
System.out.println(by + i); | ||
int j = by + i; | ||
System.out.println(j); | ||
} | ||
} |
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/* | ||
强制转换:从大到小,不建议使用,因为可能有精度的丢失。 | ||
目标类型 变量名=(目标类型)(被转换的数据); | ||
*/ | ||
class DataTypeDemo2 { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
//定义变量 | ||
byte by = 3; | ||
int i = 4; | ||
byte bb = (byte)(by + i); | ||
System.out.println(bb); | ||
} | ||
} |
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/* | ||
+:做加法操作 | ||
A:针对数据操作 | ||
B:针对字符进行做+ | ||
ASCII码表 | ||
'0' 48 | ||
'A' 65 | ||
'a' 97 | ||
C:针对字符串进行做+ | ||
在字符串的操作中,叫字符串连接符 | ||
*/ | ||
class DataTypeDemo3 { | ||
public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
System.out.println('a'); | ||
System.out.println('a'+1); | ||
System.out.println('A'+0); | ||
System.out.println('0'+0); | ||
System.out.println("-----------"); | ||
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System.out.println('a'+'b'); | ||
System.out.println("a"+"b"); | ||
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System.out.println("hello"+'a'+1); //左边字符串,往后拼的都是字符串 | ||
System.out.println('a'+1+"hello"); | ||
System.out.println("5+5="+5+5); | ||
System.out.println(5+5+"=5+5"); | ||
} | ||
} |
6 comments
on commit 8e778f3
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useful
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reverse() ,out of bounds
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您好,您的内容很好,很有用!
许多的总结部分都是乱码,请问可以更新一下吗
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乱码了。。
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很棒
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好是好就是乱码了、、、
System.out.println('A')
到时候输出的是A还是A的阿斯克码值