Add a test for storage trie determinism

This includes a new BigMap contract in the nitro-contracts repo in the mocks
package.

The test attempts to set a lot of storage slots to some value in one
transaction, and then to clear 75% of them and add 10% more values in a second
transaction.

Finally, validation is run to ensure that the validator is behaving correctly.

The idea is that this test will pass validation with the state db's
deterministic flag set, but fail without it set.

Related to: NIT-3068

system_tests/common_test.go

@@ -149,6 +149,10 @@ func (tc *TestClient) SendWaitTestTransactions(t *testing.T, txs []*types.Transa
 	return SendWaitTestTransactions(t, tc.ctx, tc.Client, txs)
 }
 
+func (tc *TestClient) DeployBigMap(t *testing.T, auth bind.TransactOpts) (common.Address, *mocksgen.BigMap) {
+	return deployBigMap(t, tc.ctx, auth, tc.Client)
+}
+
 func (tc *TestClient) DeploySimple(t *testing.T, auth bind.TransactOpts) (common.Address, *mocksgen.Simple) {
 	return deploySimple(t, tc.ctx, auth, tc.Client)
 }
@@ -1713,6 +1717,15 @@ func getDeadlineTimeout(t *testing.T, defaultTimeout time.Duration) time.Duratio
 	return timeout
 }
 
+func deployBigMap(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, auth bind.TransactOpts, client *ethclient.Client,
+) (common.Address, *mocksgen.BigMap) {
+	addr, tx, bigMap, err := mocksgen.DeployBigMap(&auth, client)
+	Require(t, err, "could not deploy BigMap.sol contract")
+	_, err = EnsureTxSucceeded(ctx, client, tx)
+	Require(t, err)
+	return addr, bigMap
+}
+
 func deploySimple(
 	t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, auth bind.TransactOpts, client *ethclient.Client,
 ) (common.Address, *mocksgen.Simple) {

system_tests/storage_trie_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// Copyright 2025, Offchain Labs, Inc.
+// For license information, see:
+// https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro/blob/master/LICENSE.md
+
+package arbtest
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"math/big"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
+
+	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/util/arbmath"
+	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/validator/valnode"
+)
+
+var withL1 = true
+
+func TestStorageTrie(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	builder := NewNodeBuilder(ctx).DefaultConfig(t, withL1)
+
+	// retryableSetup is being called by tests that validate blocks.
+	// For now validation only works with HashScheme set.
+	builder.execConfig.Caching.StateScheme = rawdb.HashScheme
+	builder.nodeConfig.BlockValidator.Enable = false
+	builder.nodeConfig.Staker.Enable = true
+	builder.nodeConfig.BatchPoster.Enable = true
+	builder.nodeConfig.ParentChainReader.Enable = true
+	builder.nodeConfig.ParentChainReader.OldHeaderTimeout = 10 * time.Minute
+
+	valConf := valnode.TestValidationConfig
+	valConf.UseJit = true
+	_, valStack := createTestValidationNode(t, ctx, &valConf)
+	configByValidationNode(builder.nodeConfig, valStack)
+
+	cleanup := builder.Build(t)
+	defer cleanup()
+
+	ownerTxOpts := builder.L2Info.GetDefaultTransactOpts("Owner", ctx)
+	_, bigMap := builder.L2.DeployBigMap(t, ownerTxOpts)
+
+	// Store enough values to use just over 32M gas
+	values := big.NewInt(1431)
+
+	userTxOpts := builder.L2Info.GetDefaultTransactOpts("Faucet", ctx)
+	tx, err := bigMap.StoreValues(&userTxOpts, values)
+	Require(t, err)
+
+	receipt, err := builder.L2.EnsureTxSucceeded(tx)
+	Require(t, err)
+
+	if receipt.GasUsed != 32_002_907 {
+		t.Errorf("Want GasUsed: 32002907: got: %d", receipt.GasUsed)
+	}
+
+	// Clear about 75% of them, and add another 10%
+	toClear := arbmath.BigDiv(arbmath.BigMul(values, big.NewInt(75)), big.NewInt(100))
+	toAdd := arbmath.BigDiv(arbmath.BigMul(values, big.NewInt(10)), big.NewInt(100))
+
+	tx, err = bigMap.ClearAndAddValues(&userTxOpts, toClear, toAdd)
+	Require(t, err)
+
+	receipt, err = builder.L2.EnsureTxSucceeded(tx)
+	Require(t, err)
+
+	// Ensures that the validator gets the same results as the executor
+	validateBlockRange(t, []uint64{receipt.BlockNumber.Uint64()}, true, builder)
+}