feat: align python table APIs with rust

[xushiyan]

Description

Add missing table APIs in Python.

How are the changes test-covered

• N/A
• Automated tests (unit and/or integration tests)
• Manual tests
  • Details are described below

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 74.07407% with 7 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.96%. Comparing base (1d08d14) to head (754c770).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
crates/core/src/table/mod.rs	73.07%	7 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #267      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.25%   90.96%   -0.29%     
==========================================
  Files          41       41              
  Lines        2024     2037      +13     
==========================================
+ Hits         1847     1853       +6     
- Misses        177      184       +7     

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