Yii 2 Migration

Migration Creator And Updater

In a perfect world you prepare migration files for your database first so you can run it when ready. But since this is not a perfect world, sometimes you start with a database already set - with this package you can easily create a migration file based on your DB schema with one console command.

Furthermore, when your DB is updated later on you can generate a migration file updating the schema to the current state. The package is comparing it with the migration history:

1. History of applied migrations is scanned to gather all modifications made to the table.
2. Virtual table schema is prepared and compared with the current table schema.
3. Differences are generated as an update migration.
4. In case of the migration history not keeping information about the table, a creating migration is generated.

Installation

Run console command

composer require --dev bizley/migration

Or add the package to your composer.json file:

{
    "require-dev": {
        "bizley/migration": "^4.0"
    }
}

then run composer update.

Configuration

Add the following in your configuration file (preferably console configuration file):

[
    'controllerMap' => [
        'migration' => [
            'class' => 'bizley\migration\controllers\MigrationController',
        ],
    ],
]

Additional options are available as following (with their default values):

[
    'controllerMap' => [
        'migration' => [
            'class' => 'bizley\migration\controllers\MigrationController',
            'migrationPath' => '@app/migrations', // Directory storing the migration classes
            'migrationNamespace' => null, // Full migration namespace
            'useTablePrefix' => true, // Whether the table names generated should consider the $tablePrefix setting of the DB connection
            'onlyShow' => false, // Whether to only display changes instead of generating update migration
            'fixHistory' => false, // Whether to add generated migration to migration history
            'skipMigrations' => [], // List of migrations from the history table that should be skipped during the update process
            'excludeTables' => [], // List of database tables that should be skipped for actions with "*"
            'fileMode' => null, // Permission to be set for newly generated migration files
            'fileOwnership' => null, // User and/or group ownership to be set for newly generated migration files
            'leeway' => 0, // Leeway in seconds to apply to a starting timestamp when generating migration
        ],
    ],
]

Usage

The following console command are available (assuming you named the controller migration like in the example above):

• List all the tables in the database:

  php yii migration
  

  or

  php yii migration/list
  

• Generate migration to create DB table table_name:

  php yii migration/create "table_name"
  

• Generate migration to update DB table table_name:

  php yii migration/update "table_name"
  

  To generate migrations for all the tables in the database at once (except the excluded ones) use asterisk (*):

  php yii migration/create "*"
  php yii migration/update "*"
  

  You can generate multiple migrations for many tables at once by separating the names with comma:

  php yii migration/create "table_name1,table_name2,table_name3"
  

  You can provide an asterisk as a part of table name to use all tables matching the pattern:

  php yii migration/update "prefix_*"
  

  Creating multiple table migrations at once forces the proper migration order based on the presence of the foreign keys. When tables are cross-referenced the additional foreign keys migration is generated at the end of default generation.

• Extract SQL statements of migration migration_name (UP) New in 4.4.0:

  php yii migration/sql "migration_name"
  

• Extract SQL statements of migration migration_name (DOWN) New in 4.4.0:

  php yii migration/sql "migration_name" "down"
  

Command line parameters

command	alias	description
migrationPath	mp	Directory (one or more) storing the migration classes.
migrationNamespace	mn	Namespace (one or more) in case of generating a namespaced migration.
useTablePrefix	tp	Whether the generated table names should consider the tablePrefix setting of the DB connection.
migrationTable	mt	Name of the table for keeping the applied migration information.
onlyShow	os	Whether to only display changes instead of generating an update migration.
generalSchema	gs	Whether to use the general column schema instead of the database specific one (see [1] below).
fixHistory	fh	Whether to add a migration history entry when the migration is generated.
skipMigrations		List of migrations from the history table that should be skipped during the update process (see [2] below).
excludeTables		List of tables that should be skipped.
experimental	ex	Whether to run in the experimental mode (see [3] below).
fileMode	fm	Generated file mode to be changed using chmod.
fileOwnership	fo	Generated file ownership to be changed using chown/chgrp.
leeway	lw	The leeway in seconds to apply to a starting timestamp when generating migration, so it can be saved with a later date

[1] Remember that with different database types, general column schemas may be generated with different length.

MySQL examples:

Column varchar(255)
generalSchema=false: $this->string(255)
generalSchema=true: $this->string()

Column int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
generalSchema=false: $this->integer(11)->notNull()->append('AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY')
generalSchema=true: $this->primaryKey()

When column size is different from DBMS' default, it's kept:
Column varchar(45)
generalSchema=false: $this->string(45)
generalSchema=true: $this->string(45)

[2] Here you can place the migrations containing actions that cannot be covered by the extractor, i.e. when there is a migration setting the RBAC hierarchy with the authManager component. Such actions should be kept in a separated migration and placed on this list to prevent them from being run during the extraction process.

[3] This mode allows using a raw SQL column definition for the migration updater (i.e. ['column' => 'varchar(255)'] instead of ['column' => $this->string()]). Since the generating process in this mode depends on the individual DBMS syntax the results might not be correct. All help improving this mode is more than welcome.

Important information about RENAMING tables or columns

When you rename a table or a column, remember to generate appropriate migration manually, otherwise this extension will not generate an updating migration (in case of the table) or will generate a migration with the command to drop the original column and add a renamed one (in case of the column). This is happening because yii2-migration can only compare two states of the table without the knowledge of how one state turned into another. While the very result of the migration renaming the column and the one dropping it and adding another is the same in terms of structure, the latter makes you lose data.

Once you add a renaming migration to the history, it's being tracked by the extension.

Migrating from v2 or v3 to v4

See Migrating to version 4.0 section.

Notes

This extension should work with all database types supported in Yii 2 core:

• CUBRID (9.3.x and higher)
• MS SQL Server (2008 and above)
• MySQL (4.1.x, 5.x, 8.x)
• Oracle
• PostgreSQL (9.x and above)
• SQLite (2/3)

Only history of the migrations extending yii\db\Migration class can be properly scanned, and only changes applied with default yii\db\Migration methods can be recognised (except for execute(), addCommentOnTable(), and dropCommentFromTable() methods). Changes made to the table's data (like insert(), upsert(), delete(), truncate(), etc.) are not tracked.

Updating migrations process requires for the methods createTable(), addColumn(), and alterColumn() to provide changes in columns definition in the form of an instance of yii\db\ColumnSchemaBuilder (like $this->string() instead of 'varchar(255)').

The new 4.4.0 feature with extracting SQL statements from the existing migration supports all methods available in yii\db\Migration.

Tests

Tests for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite are provided. Database configuration is stored in tests/config.php (you can override it by creating config.local.php file there).
Docker Compose file for setting up the databases is stored in tests/docker.

Previous versions

These versions are not developed anymore but still available for all poor souls that are stuck with EOL PHP. Some of the newest features may not be available there.

version constraint	PHP requirements	Yii requirements
^3.6	>= 7.1	>= 2.0.15.1
^2.9	< 7.1	2.0.13 to track non-unique indexes, 2.0.14 to handle TINYINT and JSON type columns.