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data/cats_istanbul.txt

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+The Turkish city of Istanbul hosts a sizeable feral cat (Turkish: sokak kedisi, "street cat") population, with estimates ranging from a hundred thousand to over a million stray cats. Many Turkish citizens view street animals as communally owned pets rather than traditional strays, and the country has a blanket no-kill, no-capture policy.[1]
+History
+According to Ayşe Sabuncu from Cats of Istanbul the wide prevalence of cats in the city can be connected back to Ottoman times. The vast majority of Istanbul's houses were made of wood, which gave shelter and enabled the proliferation of the mouse and rat populations. This made cats' presence a necessity in the city.[2] Various media sources connected the positive attitude towards cats in Turkey to Islam (see Islam and cats),[3][2] the most prevalent faith in the country.

data/henri_cartier_bresson.txt

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+Born in Chanteloup, Seine-et-Marne, in 1908, Henri Cartier-Bresson developed a strong fascination with painting early on, particularly with Surrealism. In 1932, after spending a year in the Ivory Coast, he discovered the Leica, his camera of choice thereafter, and began a lifelong passion for photography. He had his first exhibition at the Julien Levy Gallery in New York in 1933. He later made films with Jean Renoir.
+
+Taken prisoner of war in 1940, he escaped on his third attempt in 1943 and subsequently joined an underground organization to assist prisoners and escapees. In 1945, he photographed the Liberation of Paris with a group of professional journalists, then filmed the documentary Le Retour (The Return).
+
+In 1947, with Robert Capa, George Rodger, David “Chim” Seymour, and William Vandivert, he founded Magnum Photos. After three years spent traveling in the East, he returned to Europe in 1952, where he published his first book, Images à la Sauvette (published in English as The Decisive Moment).
+
+He explained his approach to photography in these terms, “for me the camera is a sketch book, an instrument of intuition and spontaneity, the master of the instant which, in visual terms, questions and decides simultaneously… It is by economy of means that one arrives at simplicity of expression.”
+
+From 1968, he began to curtail his photographic activities, preferring to concentrate on drawing and painting. In 2003, with his wife and daughter, he created the Fondation Henri Cartier-Bresson in Paris for the preservation of his work. Cartier-Bresson received an extraordinary number of prizes, awards, and honorary doctorates. He died at his home in Provence on August 3, 2004, a few weeks short of his 96th birthday.
+

data/lucid_air_cd.txt

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+Goodbye range anxiety, the 2025 Lucid Air is rated for up to 512 miles of driving per charge and has a pleasant interior that will make that long trip a comfortable one. While it may not be as outright luxurious as the BMW i7, the Lucid's overall performance is better both as an EV and as a sports sedan. Although the high-end Grand Touring and performance-oriented Sapphire trims wow with their big horsepower ratings and fancier amenities, the entry-level Pure and mid-range Touring trims are nearly as impressive and don't require six-figure outlays. All models come with impressive tech features, including the expected driver assists and infotainment goodies, but Lucid's real engineering marvels reside beneath the surface. The company's batteries, for example, feature a novel modular design, and its electric motors are smaller and lighter than those used in rival EVs but still pack plenty of power. If you've put your EV buying plans on hold out of concern for range, the Lucid Air may be compelling enough to convince you to pull the trigger on an electric car.
+

data/lucid_air_wiki.txt

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+The Lucid Air is a battery electric 4-door luxury sedan made by Lucid Motors. Announced in December 2016 and sold starting in 2021, it is designed to compete with the Audi e-tron GT, IM L7, BMW i5, BYD Han, Tesla Model S, Mercedes-Benz EQE, Porsche Taycan, Xpeng P7, NIO ET7, Neta S, and the Zeekr 001.[4][5]
+
+The Dream Edition's EPA range is estimated at 520 mi (840 km).[1] The production model was unveiled in September 2020, and production began in late 2021.[6][7]
+
+In November 2020, the Lucid Air Pure was announced with 406 mi (653 km) of projected range and 480 horsepower (360 kW) and a starting price of US$77,400.[8] The range of trim levels includes Pure, Touring, Grand Touring, and Dream Edition.[8]
+
+On September 28, 2021, Lucid Motors announced that production had begun, with the base Pure model expected in late 2022.[9] Deliveries commenced on October 30, 2021, with the first reservation holders taking delivery of Air Dream Editions in an event in California.[10][11]
+History
+
+The Lucid Air was conceived in the early 2010s, with a prototype unveiled to the public in 2016,[4] and the production version unveiled in September 2020, with production planned for 2021.[6][7]
+
+Lucid contracted with Samsung SDI on December 2, 2016, to supply batteries.[12][13]
+
+In 2016, Lucid Motors created a delivery van with the prototype of its electric powertrain for the Air using batteries from its former brand, Atieva. Known as "Edna", the delivery van contained two gearboxes, motors producing over 900 hp (671 kW) and an 87 kWh battery pack. Combined with all-wheel drive and other physical and software updates, Edna was able to achieve 0–60 mph (97 km/h) in 2.74 seconds and a quarter mile in 11.3 seconds.[14] According to Lucid Motors, Edna was used to test the real world performance of its powertrain, including "motor control algorithms, regenerative braking behaviors, accelerator pedal feel, and cooling strategies".[15]
+
+In 2018, a modified Lucid Air prototype set an EV lap record of 1:41.67 at the Laguna Seca track, beating the Jaguar I-Pace's previous record of 1:48.18 by seven seconds.[16] The prototype Air was equipped with "Pirelli P Zero PZ4 summer tires, modified high temperature brake pads and fluid, a 6-point roll cage and fire suppression system".[17]
+
+In 2018, Lucid Motors closed a US$1 billion investment deal with Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund to fund the Air production,[18] then expected to commence in late 2020 following the construction of the Lucid factory in Casa Grande, Arizona.[18] The factory investment was expected to reach US$675 million by 2025 when all phases are complete, with the first phase including a US$168 million investment in equipment and US$82 million to acquire property.[19]
+
+By May 2019, the Air was available for pre-order in the United States and Canada, with plans slated for China.[20] In an interview, CEO Peter Rawlinson stated that China was projected as a significant market for Lucid Motors due to their intensive usage patterns, for which the Air is best suited.[21]
+
+In a 2019 interview, Rawlinson outlined that the US$100,000-plus vehicle could be the first stage of a much bigger vision, which could achieve a level of energy efficiency that combined with a ubiquitous fast charging network, would counteract the need for larger batteries.[22] Rawlinson said that Lucid Motors aims to improve energy efficiency to 5 mi/kWh (8.0 km/kWh) compared to an industry average of 3 mi/kWh (4.8 km/kWh).[22] Rawlinson further predicted that the price of batteries was expected to drop to US$100 / kWh within the next decade, which he believes will enable Lucid Motors to produce a luxury EV for less than US$30,000.[22]
+
+On June 30, 2020, Lucid Motors said that they expected the Lucid Air to be "the world's most aerodynamically efficient luxury car when it goes into production".[23] The company "achieved a new benchmark in aerodynamic efficiency for its luxury electric car … with tests recently completed at Windshear's advanced rolling-road wind tunnel, the automaker verified a coefficient of drag of 0.21."[23]
+
+On May 5, 2022, Lucid Motors announced that it was raising prices of its luxury Air sedan beginning June 1. The price hikes would push the base price of the Air sedan up as much as 13%.[24]
+
+In June 2024, Rawlinson announced that the Lucid Air (RWD) had achieved a record efficiency, covering 5 mi/kWh (8.0 km/kWh), up from its prior record-setting 4.7 mi/kWh (7.6 km/kWh).[25] 

data/st_bernardus_abt12.txt

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+Brewed by: St. Bernardus Brewery
+Country: Belgium
+Style: Quadrupel
+Color: Brown
+
+ABV: 10.0%
+Cellaring: Yes
+Ratebeer.com rating: 100
+BeerAdvocate.com rating: 99
+
+St. Bernardus Abt 12 is an award winning quadrupel that pours a hazy brown with a frothy beige head and expressive carbonation.
+
+Top fermented, bottle conditioned and matured for three months, the brew boasts aromas of dried fruits, plums and raisins, coffee, cherry, bread and caramel.
+
+Taste follows the nose and includes candy sugar sweetness balanced by spice, coriander, a big hit of malt, fruit, and the warming power of 10.0% ABV.
+
+The mouthfeel is soft, smooth and medium bodied. The finish is dry, warm and slightly bitter.
+
+Food Pairings
+
+This beer is a perfect ingredient in and accompaniment to classic Belgian stews, such as rabbit and prune casserole or beef carbonnade.
+
+Blue cheeses of the Roquefort type also make for an ideal pairing, and don't overlook chocolate desserts for an unexpected but very successful combination.
+
+Serve at 46 - 57 degrees F.

data/trappist_ales.txt

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+
+Contents
+(Top)
+History
+
+International Trappist Association recognised breweries
+
+    Authentic Trappist Product label
+    List of Trappist breweries
+
+Abbey beer
+
+Types of beer
+
+        Enkel
+        Dubbel
+        Tripel
+        Quadrupel
+    Glassware
+    Beer tourism
+    See also
+    References
+    External links
+
+Trappist beer
+
+    Article
+    Talk
+
+    Read
+    Edit
+    View history
+
+Tools
+
+Appearance
+Text
+
+    Small
+    Standard
+    Large
+
+Width
+
+    Standard
+    Wide
+
+Color (beta)
+
+    Automatic
+    Light
+    Dark
+
+From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+
+Trappist beer is brewed by Trappist monks. Thirteen Trappist monasteries—six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, and one each in Austria, Italy, England, France, and Spain— produce beer,[1] but the Authentic Trappist Product label is assigned by the International Trappist Association (ITA) to just ten breweries that meet their strict criteria. As of 2021, Achel is no longer recognized as a Trappist brewery because it does not have any monks.[2]
+Beers with Authentic Trappist Product label from Trappist breweries in 2015: Achel, Chimay, Engelszell, La Trappe, Orval, Spencer, Rochefort, Tre Fontane, Westmalle, Westvleteren, and Zundert (not pictured: Mount St Bernard Abbey)
+History
+
+The Catholic Trappist order originated in the Cistercian monastery of La Trappe, France. Various Cistercian congregations existed for many years, and by 1664 the Abbot of La Trappe felt that the Cistercians were becoming too liberal. He introduced strict new rules in the abbey and the Strict Observance was born. Since this time, many of the rules have been relaxed. However, a fundamental tenet that monasteries should be self-supporting is still maintained by these groups.[citation needed]
+
+Monastery brewhouses, from different religious orders, have existed across Europe since the Middle Ages. From the very beginning, beer was brewed in French Cistercian monasteries following the Strict Observance. For example, the monastery of La Trappe in Soligny already had its own brewery in 1685. Breweries were later introduced in monasteries of other countries as the Trappist order spread from France into the rest of Europe. The Trappists, like many other religious orders, originally brewed beer to feed the community, in a perspective of self-sufficiency. Nowadays, Trappist breweries also brew beer to fund their works and charitable causes. Many of the Trappist monasteries and breweries were destroyed during the French Revolution and the World Wars. In the last 300 years, there were at least nine Trappist breweries in France, six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, one in Germany, one in Austria, one in Bosnia and possibly other countries.[citation needed]
+
+In 1997, eight Trappist abbeys – six from Belgium (Orval, Chimay, Westvleteren, Rochefort, Westmalle and Achel), one from the Netherlands (Koningshoeven) and one from Germany (Mariawald) – founded the International Trappist Association (ITA) to prevent non-Trappist commercial companies from abusing the Trappist name. This private association created a logo that is assigned to goods (cheese, beer, wine, etc.) that respect precise production criteria. For the beers, these criteria were the following:[3]
+
+    The beer must be brewed within the walls of a Trappist monastery, either by the monks themselves or under their supervision.
+    The brewery must be of secondary importance within the monastery and it should witness to the business practices proper to a monastic way of life.
+    The brewery is not intended to be a profit-making venture. The income covers the living expenses of the monks and the maintenance of the buildings and grounds. Whatever remains is donated to charity for social work and to help persons in need.
+
+The German Trappist abbey of Mariawald has not produced beer since 1953, however it is a founding member of the Trappist Association and uses the same Authentic Trappist Product logo for its other products.[citation needed]
+
+As of January 2021, Belgium has only 5 Trappist beers (ATP) left since Achel lost its ATP designation due to the last monk leaving the Order. However, its Trappist beer (not ATP) production is still ongoing and has been taken over by Westmalle.[4] In 2012, Bpost honored the Trappist breweries in the country with a commemorative collection of stamps.[5] As of 25 January 2023, Achel lost its designation as a Trappist beer due to selling the abbey to a private person.
+
+In the twentieth century, the growing popularity of Trappist beers led some brewers with no connection to the order to label their beers "Trappist". After unsuccessful negotiations, monks sued one such brewer in 1962 in Ghent, Belgium.[citation needed]
+
+The Dutch brewery De Koningshoeven produces Trappist beers – branded La Trappe – that are able to carry the "Authentic Trappist Product" logo. Their use of the International Trappist Association logo was withdrawn in 1999, but was restored in October 2005 (see Brouwerij de Koningshoeven for details). A second Dutch Trappist beer, branded Zundert and produced by Abdij Maria Toevlucht, made its debut in December 2013, and has also been granted permission to use the International Trappist Association logo.[citation needed]
+
+An expansion of ITA recognized breweries took place for the first time in 2012 when the trappist brewery of the abbey of Engelszell, Trappistenbrauerei Engelszell in Engelhartszell, Austria started brewing beer at the monastery (the former production had stopped in 1929) and in the same year obtained the Authentic Trappist Product logo for their beer.[6]
+
+In December 2013, Maria Toevlucht's abbey (Zundert, the Netherlands) and St. Joseph's Abbey (Spencer, Massachusetts, United States) were both granted the ATP recognition for their Trappist beers, followed in 2015 by Tre Fontane Abbey brewery in Rome.[citation needed]
+
+In June 2018, the monks of Mount Saint Bernard Abbey in Leicestershire became the first in the UK to brew a Trappist ale.[7][8] Called "Tynt Meadow" (7.4% ABV), after the location of the abbey, it is available to visitors and sold through public outlets.
+