A collection of standard and well known ontologies serialised to Turtle.
In computer science and information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming and definition of the categories, properties and relations between the concepts, data and entities that substantiate one, many or all domains of discourse.
RDF, RDFS, OWL & XSD constitute the reserved vocabulary of the OWL 2 Web Ontology Language. Those four ontologies are therefore the backbone of the Semantic Web.
To facilitate operation at Internet scale, RDF is an open-world framework that allows anyone to make statements about any resource.
In general, it is not assumed that complete information about any resource is available. RDF does not prevent anyone from making assertions that are nonsensical or inconsistent with other statements, or the world as people see it. Designers of applications that use RDF should be aware of this and may design their applications to tolerate incomplete or inconsistent sources of information.
— Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax
- RDF 1.1 Primer
- Core specification
- Serialization
- Notes
- Document Overview
- Language Primer
- New Features and Rationale
- Quick Reference Guide
- Core specification
- Optional features
- Profiles
- XML Serialization
- Manchester Syntax (Working Group Note)
- Extension
- Data Range Extension: Linear Equations (Working Group Note)
- XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes
- OWL Quick Reference: Built-in Datatypes and Facets
SHACL, SKOS, DCAT, CSVW, VCARD.
- Notation3 (Draft Community Group Report 03 April 2023)
- RDF Thrift (see also "RDF Binary using Apache Thrift")
There is a list of standard prefixes in prefix.ttl for easy copy/paste.
The list is maintained in lowercase SPARQL syntax to be usable in both Turtle and SPARQL. This syntax requires an RDF 1.1 Turtle parser which can be considered as of 2020 as widely deployed. Therefore no reason to keep using the syntax including an '@' as per the Turtle Spec note on IRIs.
# Core W3C ontologies (OWL 2 reserved vocabulary)
prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
# Other ontologies
prefix acl: <http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/acl#>
prefix acp: <http://www.w3.org/ns/solid/acp#>
prefix cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#>
prefix cert: <http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/cert#>
prefix csvw: <http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#>
prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
prefix dcam: <http://purl.org/dc/dcam/>
prefix dcat: <http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#>
prefix dctype: <http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/>
prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
prefix ldp: <http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#>
prefix posixstat: <http://www.w3.org/ns/posix/stat#>
prefix schema: <https://schema.org/>
prefix shacl: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#>
prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
prefix skosxl: <http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#>
prefix solid: <http://www.w3.org/ns/solid/terms#>
prefix swapdoc: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/pim/doc#>
prefix ui: <http://www.w3.org/ns/ui#>
prefix vann: <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/>
prefix vcard: <http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#>
prefix ws: <http://www.w3.org/ns/pim/space#>The namespace lookup tool prefix.cc can help understand current prefix usage. The Linked Open Vocabularies website can help understand vocabularies usage.
Install with npm install ontl and retrieve the ontologies as NodeJS readable streams.
import * as ontl from 'ontl';
ontl.RDF.pipe(process.stdout);