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| <!DOCTYPE html> | ||
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| <html> | ||
| <head> | ||
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../main.css"> | ||
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="../main.css"> | ||
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| <title>Computer Science Revision</title> | ||
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| <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../icons/logo.svg"/> | ||
| <meta property="og:image" content="../icons/logo.png" /> | ||
| <meta property="og:image:width" content="640" /> | ||
| <meta property="og:image:height" content="512" /> | ||
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| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> | ||
| <meta name="description" content="2B.08 - Translators | Computer Science Revision"> | ||
| </head> | ||
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| <body> | ||
| <h1>3.01 – Storage Units</h1> | ||
| <h3 class="home-link"><a href="../">Computer Science Revision</a></h3> | ||
| <br /> | ||
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| <a class="prev-link" href="../2B-Summary-Questions/">Previous: Section 2B Summary Questions</a> | ||
| <br /> <br /> | ||
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| <p class="definition"> | ||
| <img src="../icons/book.svg" class="icon" /> | ||
| The <strong>binary number system</strong> is a way of writing numbers with only 1s and 0s. | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <p><b>Everything on a computer (text, images, apps, etc.) is stored in binary.</b></p> | ||
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| <p> | ||
| Computers use 1s and 0s to represent ON and OFF: <br /> | ||
|   1 means the electricity is flowing (ON) <br /> | ||
|   0 means the electricity isn't flowing (OFF) | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <p><br /> | ||
| A single <b>bi</b>nary digi<b>t</b> (either a 1 or a 0) is called a <b>bit</b>. <br /> | ||
| A group of four bits is called a <b>nibble</b>, and a group of eight bits (or two nibbles) is called a <b>byte</b>. | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <p><br />Just like 1000 metres is a <b>kilo</b>metre, 1000 bytes is a <b>kilo</b>byte.<br /> </p> | ||
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| <p>Table 1 shows the more common prefixes used when describing memory usage.</p> | ||
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| <p class="table"> | ||
| <img src="../icons/table.svg" class="icon" /> | ||
| Table 1 | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <table> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <th><strong>Unit</strong></th> | ||
| <th><strong>Number of bytes</strong></th> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Kilobyte <i>(kB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>10<sup>3</sup></code> = 1,000 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Megabyte <i>(MB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>10<sup>6</sup></code> = 1,000,000 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Gigabyte <i>(GB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>10<sup>9</sup></code> = 1,000,000,000 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Terabyte <i>(TB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>10<sup>12</sup></code> = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| </table> | ||
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| <br /> | ||
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| <p>Table 2 shows the less common prefixes used when describing memory usage.</p> | ||
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| <p class="table"> | ||
| <img src="../icons/table.svg" class="icon" /> | ||
| Table 2 | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <table> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <th><strong>Unit</strong></th> | ||
| <th><strong>Number of bytes</strong></th> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Kibibyte <i>(KiB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>2<sup>10</sup></code> = 1,024 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Mebibyte <i>(MiB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>2<sup>20</sup></code> = 1,048,576 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Gibibyte <i>(GiB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>2<sup>30</sup></code> = 1,073,741,824 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| <tr> | ||
| <td> | ||
| Tebibyte <i>(TiB)</i> | ||
| </td> | ||
| <td> | ||
| <code>2<sup>40</sup></code> = 1,099,511,627,776 bytes | ||
| </td> | ||
| </tr> | ||
| </table> | ||
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| <br /> | ||
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| <hr /> | ||
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| <p class="question"> | ||
| <img src="../icons/question.svg" class="icon" /> | ||
| If each bit can take 2 possible values (1 or 0), how many possible values can a nibble take? | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <p class="spoiler noselect"> | ||
| <el class="default">Tap/click to reveal</el> | ||
| <el class="answer"> | ||
| Each bit in the nibble can take 2 possible values, so the nibble can take <code>2<sup>4</sup> = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2</code> = 16 possible values. | ||
| </el> | ||
| </p> | ||
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| <br /> | ||
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| <hr /> | ||
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| <br /> <br /> | ||
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| <div id="sub">© Rujul Nayak <el id="year">2024-</el></div> | ||
| <script src="../../year.js"></script> | ||
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| <script src="../spoilers.js"></script> | ||
| </body> | ||
| </html> |
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