VECTOR Support

README.md

@@ -779,6 +779,7 @@ types of Oracle Database.
 | [INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/sqlrf/Data-Types.html#GUID-B03DD036-66F8-4BD3-AF26-6D4433EBEC1C) | `java.time.Duration`                                          |
 | [INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/sqlrf/Data-Types.html#GUID-ED59E1B3-BA8D-4711-B5C8-B0199C676A95) | `java.time.Period`                                            |
 | [SYS_REFCURSOR](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/lnpls/static-sql.html#GUID-470A7A99-888A-46C2-BDAF-D4710E650F27)          | `io.r2dbc.spi.Result`                                         |
+| [VECTOR](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/sqlrf/Data-Types.html#GUID-801FFE49-217D-4012-9C55-66DAE1BA806F)                 | `double[]`, `float[]`, `byte[]`, or `oracle.sql.VECTOR`       |
 > Unlike the standard SQL type named "DATE", the Oracle Database type named 
 > "DATE" stores values for year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. The 
 > standard SQL type only stores year, month, and day. LocalDateTime objects are able 
@@ -981,8 +982,8 @@ void printObjectMetadata(OracleR2dbcObject oracleObject) {
 ```
 
 ### REF Cursor
-Use the `oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcTypes.REF_CURSOR` type to bind `SYS_REFCURSOR` out 
-parameters:
+Use the `oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcTypes.REF_CURSOR` type to bind `SYS_REFCURSOR`
+out parameters:
 ```java
 Publisher<Result> executeProcedure(Connection connection) {
   connection.createStatement(
@@ -1009,6 +1010,102 @@ Publisher<ExampleObject> mapRefCursorRows(Result refCursorResult) {
 }
 ```
 
+### VECTOR
+The default mapping for `VECTOR` is the
+[oracle.sql.VECTOR](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/jajdb/oracle/sql/VECTOR.html)
+class. Instances of this class may be passed to
+`Statement.bind(int/String, Object)`:
+```java
+void bindVector(Statement statement, float[] floatArray) throws SQLException {
+  final VECTOR vector;
+  try {
+    vector = VECTOR.ofFloat32Values(floatArray);
+  }
+  catch (SQLException sqlException) {
+    throw new IllegalArgumentException(sqlException);
+  }
+  statement.bind("vector", vector);
+}
+```
+The `oracle.sql.VECTOR` class defines three factory methods: `ofFloat64Values`,
+`ofFloat32Values`, and `ofInt8Values`. These methods support Java to VECTOR 
+conversions of `boolean[]`, `byte[]`, `short[]`, `int[]`, `long[]`, 
+`float[]`, and `double[]`:
+```java
+void bindVector(Statement statement, int[] intArray) {
+  final VECTOR vector;
+  try {
+    vector = VECTOR.ofFloat64Values(intArray);
+  }
+  catch (SQLException sqlException) {
+    throw new IllegalArgumentException(sqlException);
+  }
+  statement.bind("vector", vector);
+}
+```
+The factory methods of `oracle.sql.VECTOR` may perform lossy conversions, such
+as when converting a `double[]` into a VECTOR of 32-bit floating point numbers. 
+[The JavaDocs of these methods specify which conversions are lossy](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/jajdb/oracle/sql/VECTOR.html).
+
+The `OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR` type descriptor can be used to register an OUT or 
+IN/OUT parameter:
+```java
+void registerOutVector(Statement statement) {
+  Parameter outVector = Parameters.out(OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR);
+  statement.bind("vector", outVector);
+}
+```
+The `OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR` type descriptor can also be used as an alternative to
+`oracle.sql.VECTOR` when binding an IN parameter to a `double[]`, `float[]`, or
+`byte[]`:
+```java
+void bindVector(Statement statement, float[] floatArray) {
+  Parameter inVector = Parameters.in(OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR, floatArray);
+  statement.bind("vector", inVector);
+}
+```
+Note that `double[]`, `float[]`, and `byte[]` can NOT be passed directly to
+`Statement.bind(int/String, Object)` when binding `VECTOR` data. The R2DBC 
+Specification defines `ARRAY` as the default mapping for Java arrays.
+
+A `VECTOR` column or OUT parameter is converted to `oracle.sql.VECTOR` by 
+default. The column or OUT parameter can also be converted to `double[]`, 
+`float[]`, or `byte[]` by passing the corresponding array class to the `get`
+methods:
+```java
+float[] getVector(io.r2dbc.Readable readable) {
+  return readable.get("vector", float[].class);
+}
+```
+
+#### Returning VECTOR from DML
+Returning a VECTOR column with `Statement.returningGeneratedValues(String...)`
+is not supported due to a defect in the 23.4 release of Oracle JDBC. Attempting
+to return a `VECTOR` column will result in a `Subscriber` that never receives 
+`onComplete` or `onError`. The defect will be fixed in the next release of 
+Oracle JDBC.
+
+A `RETURNING ... INTO` clause can be used as a temporary workaround. This clause
+must appear within a PL/SQL block, denoted by the `BEGIN` and `END;` keywords.
+In the following example, a `VECTOR` column named "embedding" is returned:
+```java
+Publisher<double[]> returningVectorExample(Connection connection, String vectorString) {
+
+  Statement statement = connection.createStatement(
+      "BEGIN INSERT INTO example(embedding)"
+      + " VALUES (TO_VECTOR(:vectorString, 999, FLOAT64))"
+      + " RETURNING embedding INTO :embedding;"
+      + " END;")
+    .bind("vectorString", vectorString)
+    .bind("embedding", Parameters.out(OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR));
+
+    return Flux.from(statement.execute())
+      .flatMap(result ->
+        result.map(outParameters ->
+          outParameters.get("embedding", double[].class)));
+}
+```
+
 ## Secure Programming Guidelines
 The following security related guidelines should be adhered to when programming
 with the Oracle R2DBC Driver.

src/main/java/oracle/r2dbc/OracleR2dbcTypes.java

@@ -103,6 +103,15 @@ private OracleR2dbcTypes() {}
   public static final Type REF_CURSOR =
     new TypeImpl(Result.class, "SYS_REFCURSOR");
 
+  /**
+   * A vector of 64-bit floating point numbers, 32-bit floating point numbers,
+   * or 8-bit signed integers. Maps to <code>double[]</code> by default, as a
+   * <code>double</code> can store all the possible number formats without
+   * losing information.
+   */
+  public static final Type VECTOR =
+    new TypeImpl(oracle.sql.VECTOR.class, "VECTOR");
+
   /**
    * <p>
    * Creates an {@link ArrayType} representing a user defined {@code ARRAY}

src/main/java/oracle/r2dbc/impl/SqlTypeMap.java

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 import oracle.jdbc.OracleType;
 import oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcObject;
 import oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcTypes;
+import oracle.sql.VECTOR;
 import oracle.sql.json.OracleJsonObject;
 
 import java.math.BigDecimal;
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ final class SqlTypeMap {
       entry(JDBCType.NUMERIC, R2dbcType.NUMERIC),
       entry(JDBCType.NVARCHAR, R2dbcType.NVARCHAR),
       entry(JDBCType.REAL, R2dbcType.REAL),
+      entry(JDBCType.REF_CURSOR, OracleR2dbcTypes.REF_CURSOR),
       entry(JDBCType.ROWID, OracleR2dbcTypes.ROWID),
       entry(JDBCType.SMALLINT, R2dbcType.SMALLINT),
       entry(JDBCType.TIME, R2dbcType.TIME),
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ final class SqlTypeMap {
       entry(JDBCType.TINYINT, R2dbcType.TINYINT),
       entry(JDBCType.VARBINARY, R2dbcType.VARBINARY),
       entry(JDBCType.VARCHAR, R2dbcType.VARCHAR),
-      entry(JDBCType.REF_CURSOR, OracleR2dbcTypes.REF_CURSOR)
+      entry(OracleType.VECTOR, OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR)
     );
 
   /**
@@ -177,10 +179,13 @@ final class SqlTypeMap {
       entry(float[].class, JDBCType.ARRAY),
       entry(double[].class, JDBCType.ARRAY),
 
-      // Support binding OracleR2dbcReadable, Object[], and Map<String, Object>
-      // to OBJECT (ie: STRUCT)
+      // Support binding Map<String, Object> and OracleR2dbcObject to OBJECT
+      // (ie: STRUCT)
       entry(Map.class, JDBCType.STRUCT),
-      entry(OracleR2dbcObject.class, JDBCType.STRUCT)
+      entry(OracleR2dbcObject.class, JDBCType.STRUCT),
+
+      // Support binding oracle.sql.VECTOR to VECTOR
+      entry(VECTOR.class, OracleType.VECTOR)
     );
 
   /**
@@ -269,6 +274,7 @@ else if (r2dbcType instanceof OracleR2dbcTypes.ObjectType)
    *   <li>{@link Period} : INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH</li>
    *   <li>{@link RowId} : ROWID</li>
    *   <li>{@link OracleJsonObject} : JSON</li>
+   *   <li>{@link oracle.sql.VECTOR} : VECTOR</li>
    * </ul>
    * @param javaType Java type to map
    * @return SQL type mapping for the {@code javaType}

src/test/java/oracle/r2dbc/impl/OracleReadableMetadataImplTest.java

@@ -27,14 +27,15 @@
 import io.r2dbc.spi.Parameters;
 import io.r2dbc.spi.R2dbcType;
 import io.r2dbc.spi.ReadableMetadata;
-import io.r2dbc.spi.Statement;
 import io.r2dbc.spi.Type;
 import oracle.jdbc.OracleType;
 import oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcObject;
 import oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcObjectMetadata;
 import oracle.r2dbc.OracleR2dbcTypes;
+import oracle.sql.VECTOR;
 import oracle.sql.json.OracleJsonFactory;
 import oracle.sql.json.OracleJsonObject;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.sql.JDBCType;
 import java.sql.RowId;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.sql.SQLType;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.time.LocalDate;
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@
 import java.time.ZoneOffset;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.DoubleStream;
 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
 import static java.lang.String.format;
@@ -258,10 +261,6 @@ public void testDateTimeTypes() {
         OracleR2dbcTypes.INTERVAL_DAY_TO_SECOND, 9, 9, Duration.class,
         Duration.parse("+P123456789DT23H59M59.123456789S"));
 
-      // Expect ROWID and String to map.
-      // Expect UROWID and String to map.
-      // Expect JSON and OracleJsonObject to map.
-
     }
     finally {
       tryAwaitNone(connection.close());
@@ -305,17 +304,14 @@ public void testRowIdTypes() {
 
   /**
    * Verifies the implementation of {@link OracleReadableMetadataImpl} for
-   * JSON type columns. When the test database older than version 21c, this test
-   * is expected to fail with an ORA-00902 error indicating that JSON is not
-   * a valid data type. The JSON type was added in 21c.
+   * JSON type columns. When the test database is older than version 21c, this
+   * test is ignored; The JSON type was added in 21c.
    */
   @Test
   public void testJsonType() {
-
     // The JSON data type was introduced in Oracle Database version 21c, so this
     // test is a no-op if the version is older than 21c.
-    if (databaseVersion() < 21)
-      return;
+    Assumptions.assumeTrue(databaseVersion() >= 21);
 
     Connection connection =
       Mono.from(sharedConnection()).block(connectTimeout());
@@ -529,6 +525,36 @@ public void testObjectTypes() {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Verifies the implementation of {@link OracleReadableMetadataImpl} for
+   * VECTOR type columns. When the test database is older than version 23ai,
+   * this test is ignored; The VECTOR type was added in 23ai.
+   */
+  @Test
+  public void testVectorType() throws SQLException {
+    Assumptions.assumeTrue(databaseVersion() >= 23);
+
+    Connection connection =
+      Mono.from(sharedConnection()).block(connectTimeout());
+    try {
+      double[] doubleArray =
+        DoubleStream.iterate(0d, previous -> previous + 0.1d)
+          .limit(30)
+          .toArray();
+      VECTOR vector = VECTOR.ofFloat64Values(doubleArray);
+
+      // Expect VECTOR and double[] to map.
+      verifyColumnMetadata(
+        connection, "VECTOR", OracleType.VECTOR, OracleR2dbcTypes.VECTOR,
+        null, null,
+        VECTOR.class, vector);
+    }
+    finally {
+      tryAwaitNone(connection.close());
+    }
+
+  }
+
   /**
    * Calls
    * {@link #verifyColumnMetadata(Connection, String, SQLType, Type, Integer, Integer, Nullability, Class, Object)}