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Update 11 - Cryptography 101.md #26

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Update 11 - Cryptography 101.md #26

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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions 11 - Cryptography 101.md
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- **Cryptography** - science or study of protecting information whether in transit or at rest
- Renders the information unusable to anyone who can't decrypt it
- Takes plain text, applies cryptographic method, turn it into cipher text
- Takes plain text, applies cryptographic method, turns it into cipher text
- **Cryptanalysis** - study and methods used to crack cipher text
- **Linear Cryptanalysis** - works best on block ciphers
- **Differential Cryptanalysis** - applies to symmetric key algorithms
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- **Substitution** - bits are replaced by other bits
- **Transposition** - doesn't replace; simply changes order
- **Encryption Algorithms** - mathematical formulas used to encrypt and decrypt data
- **Steam Cipher** - readable bits are encrypted one at a time in a continuous stream
- **Stream Cipher** - readable bits are encrypted one at a time in a continuous stream
- Usually done by an XOR operation
- Work at a high rate of speed
- **Block Cipher** - data bits are split up into blocks and fed into the cipher
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- **Certificate Revocation List** (CRL) - used to track which certificates have problems and which have been revoked
- **Validation Authority** - used to validate certificates via Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)
- **Trust Model** - how entities within an enterprise deal with keys, signatures and certificates
- **Cross-Certification** - allows a CA to trust another CS in a completely different PKI; allows both CAs to validate certificates from either side
- **Cross-Certification** - allows a CA to trust another CA in a completely different PKI; allows both CAs to validate certificates from either side
- **Single-authority system** - CA at the top
- **Hierarchical trust system** - CA at the top (root CA); makes use of one or more RAs (subordinate CAs) underneath it to issue and manage certificates

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