KDE

Set Launcher hotkey

Right click the launcher -> Application Launcher Settings -> Keyboard Shortcut

Only show applications from current desktop on the taskbar

Right click the taskbar -> Task Manager Settings -> Only show tasks from current desktop

Terminal hotkey

System Settings -> Shortcuts and Gestures -> Custom Shortcuts -> Examples (remember to enable) -> Run Konsole

Resize windows hotkeys

System Settings -> Shortcuts and Gestures -> Global Keyboard Shortcuts -> KDE component: KWin -> Quick Tile Window

Switch desktop hotkeys

System Settings -> Shortcuts and Gestures -> Global Keyboard Shortcuts -> KDE component: KWin -> Switch One Desktop

Alternatively:

System Settings -> Workspace Behavior -> Virtual Desktops

Change what dragging window to screen edges does

System Settings -> Workspace Behavior -> Screen Edges

Make desktop show content of Desktop folder

Right click the desktop -> Desktop Settings -> View -> Layout: Folder