refactor: add Camera.camera_type and other refactors

[tlambert03]

closes #90

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 82.85714% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 84.79%. Comparing base (dc73755) to head (abb5dde).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/microsim/schema/detectors/_camera.py	80.00%	12 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #91      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   84.82%   84.79%   -0.04%     
==========================================
  Files          47       47              
  Lines        3144     3156      +12     
==========================================
+ Hits         2667     2676       +9     
- Misses        477      480       +3     

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